Famous Scientists and Their Contributions

Gregor Mendel

Gregor MendelFacts:•Austrian •Priest (Monk)•Birth 1822-Death 1884•Teacher (Math and Biology)•Founder of 3 Mendel’s Laws. 1) Law of Dominance 2) Law of Segregation 3) Law of Independent Assortment. These rules determine how traits are passed through generations of living. •His discoveries became the basis for the study of modern genetics.•He realized that traits could skip a generation – seemingly lost traits could appear again in another generation – he called these recessive traits.•He was known as the Father of Genetics•Gregor Mendel – Mini Biography https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QmSJGhPTB5E

Robert Hooke

Robert HookeFacts:•Lived during the 17th Century.•Lived during the same time as Sir Isaac Newton.•Invented Universal Joint, Iris Diaphragm, and the Respirator.•Birth1635-Death 1703.•Devised the Compound Microscope.•Hooke coined the term “cells” from cork tissue. •Wrote a book called Micrographia.•He was the first person to examine fossils with a microscope.•He ignited the spark of the Cell Theory, which sates all living things are made of cells.•Robert Hooke – Cell Theory https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dscY_2QQbKU

Universal Joint Iris Diaphragm

Thomas Hunt Morgan

Thomas Hunt MorganFacts:•He was American.•Birth 1866- Death 1945.•He was a Biologist, Geneticist and an Embryologist.•He won the Nobel Peace Prize in medicine in 1933 for establishing the chromosomal theory of inheritance, which states that genes are located on the chromosomes.•He experimented with Fruit Flies.•Mendel’s research was important to his studies.•His experiments backed Mendel’s concept that chromosomes carry the traits from parents to offspring – better known as Sex-Linked Traits.•Thomas Hunt Morgan - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cL2ZTnOHp38

Watson and Crick

Watson and CrickFacts:•James D. Watson is an American Molecular Biologist.•Watson Birth-1928, He is still living, He is 87 years old.•Francis Crick was a British Molecular Biologist.•Crick Birth 1916- Death – 2004.•They partnered together in the 1950’s to find the structure of DNA.•The made a 3D model of DNA using beads, wire and cardboard.•They together won the Nobel Peace Prize in 1962 for the famous discovery of the DNA Double Helix (which looks like a double staircase.)•Rosalind Elsie Franklin actually found it first, but did not realize it.•Watson & Crick - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VegLVn_1oCE

Watson and Crick

DNA Double Helix

Rosalind Elise FranklinFacts:•English Chemist •Born – 1920 – Death 1958•Famous for “Photo 51” this was a photo taken using Xray defraction the structure of DNA.•First person to discover DNA Double Helix, but died before she was credited.•Rosalind Franklin - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JiME-W58KpU