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How often do you ask ‘Why?’

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We should answer a simple question: "Why companies are built and managed in the way we know?". In this presentation I will give my answer from an historic, scientific and economic perspective, and, at the same, I will try to show why other models are possible. Different organisational models are not only possible, but needed when the current models are causing so much pain in modern companies. We need to reinvent the way company works as well as we must reinvent the definition of career in the 21st century. We have so many tools and the higher amount of technology that we can use to shape the future of our companies. Which is the reason why we are not doing anything about it? Even if the presentation is definitely focused on the Italian market it contains elements and ideas that have a broader ranged of applicability. And, as always, it's not too serious. I used this presentation for my talk at the Better Software 2013 conference in Florence.

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Page 1: Failure is not an option, or, why you need to ask 'Why?" more often

How often do you ask ‘Why?’

Page 2: Failure is not an option, or, why you need to ask 'Why?" more often

Dedicated to FunkyProfessor

Page 3: Failure is not an option, or, why you need to ask 'Why?" more often

How often do you ask ‘Why?’

Page 4: Failure is not an option, or, why you need to ask 'Why?" more often

Now, back on track!

Page 5: Failure is not an option, or, why you need to ask 'Why?" more often

http://www.flickr.com/photos/fresh_photo

Not within yourself…

http://www.flickr.com/photos/fresh_photo
Page 6: Failure is not an option, or, why you need to ask 'Why?" more often

http://www.flickr.com/photos/soldiersmediacenter

but looking for an answer.

http://www.flickr.com/photos/soldiersmediacenter
Page 7: Failure is not an option, or, why you need to ask 'Why?" more often

Let’s do some user research…

Page 8: Failure is not an option, or, why you need to ask 'Why?" more often

Do you work in $big_company?

Page 9: Failure is not an option, or, why you need to ask 'Why?" more often

http://www.flickr.com/photos/djking

When did you ask ‘Why?’ last time?

http://www.flickr.com/photos/djking
Page 10: Failure is not an option, or, why you need to ask 'Why?" more often

There was a time when…

Page 11: Failure is not an option, or, why you need to ask 'Why?" more often

You asked ‘Why?’ every time!

Page 12: Failure is not an option, or, why you need to ask 'Why?" more often

When you were a child.

Page 13: Failure is not an option, or, why you need to ask 'Why?" more often

Now, I have a question for you

Page 14: Failure is not an option, or, why you need to ask 'Why?" more often

Why you did you stop asking ‘Why?’

Page 15: Failure is not an option, or, why you need to ask 'Why?" more often

I will give you a simplistic answer

Page 16: Failure is not an option, or, why you need to ask 'Why?" more often

Because a company is regulated by…

Page 17: Failure is not an option, or, why you need to ask 'Why?" more often

The 3 principles

Page 18: Failure is not an option, or, why you need to ask 'Why?" more often

Blackmail Threat Corruption

Page 19: Failure is not an option, or, why you need to ask 'Why?" more often

They talk to your ‘crocodile brain’

http://www.flickr.com/photos/freetaalen

http://www.flickr.com/photos/freetaalen
Page 20: Failure is not an option, or, why you need to ask 'Why?" more often

What the hell is a ‘crocodile brain’?

Page 21: Failure is not an option, or, why you need to ask 'Why?" more often

Paul D. MacLean

Page 22: Failure is not an option, or, why you need to ask 'Why?" more often
Page 23: Failure is not an option, or, why you need to ask 'Why?" more often

Fight or flight?

http://www.flickr.com/photos/murasaki725

http://www.flickr.com/photos/murasaki725
Page 24: Failure is not an option, or, why you need to ask 'Why?" more often
Page 25: Failure is not an option, or, why you need to ask 'Why?" more often

and there’s one more thing…

Page 26: Failure is not an option, or, why you need to ask 'Why?" more often

We want to stay comfy!

http://www.flickr.com/photos/consumerfriendly

http://www.flickr.com/photos/consumerfriendly
Page 27: Failure is not an option, or, why you need to ask 'Why?" more often

But… headed in opposite directions

http://www.flickr.com/photos/94331264@N00

http://www.flickr.com/photos/94331264@N00
Page 28: Failure is not an option, or, why you need to ask 'Why?" more often

I’ll give you three (basic) examples

Page 29: Failure is not an option, or, why you need to ask 'Why?" more often

The reception desk

http://www.flickr.com/photos/nihclinicalcntr

http://www.flickr.com/photos/nihclinicalcntr
Page 30: Failure is not an option, or, why you need to ask 'Why?" more often

The visitor badge

http://www.flickr.com/photos/rebeccajane

http://www.flickr.com/photos/rebeccajane
Page 31: Failure is not an option, or, why you need to ask 'Why?" more often

Waiting…

http://www.flickr.com/photos/9619972@N08

http://www.flickr.com/photos/9619972@N08
Page 32: Failure is not an option, or, why you need to ask 'Why?" more often

These all speak to your croc brain!

Page 33: Failure is not an option, or, why you need to ask 'Why?" more often

They want you to feel uncomfortable

http://www.flickr.com/photos/an_untrained_eye

http://www.flickr.com/photos/an_untrained_eye
Page 34: Failure is not an option, or, why you need to ask 'Why?" more often

Both employees and guests.

Page 35: Failure is not an option, or, why you need to ask 'Why?" more often

Someone said…

Page 36: Failure is not an option, or, why you need to ask 'Why?" more often

A company is a place where adults suffer from childhood traumas.

Walter Fontana

Page 37: Failure is not an option, or, why you need to ask 'Why?" more often

But, again, why?

Page 38: Failure is not an option, or, why you need to ask 'Why?" more often

We need to enter a time machine

http://www.flickr.com/photos/popculturegeek

http://www.flickr.com/photos/popculturegeek
Page 39: Failure is not an option, or, why you need to ask 'Why?" more often

Sometime around 1700

http://www.flickr.com/photos/mnassal

http://www.flickr.com/photos/mnassal
Page 40: Failure is not an option, or, why you need to ask 'Why?" more often

There was a huge shift

Page 41: Failure is not an option, or, why you need to ask 'Why?" more often

From houses

http://www.flickr.com/photos/enricoq

http://www.flickr.com/photos/enricoq
Page 42: Failure is not an option, or, why you need to ask 'Why?" more often

… to the factories

http://www.flickr.com/photos/mnassal

http://www.flickr.com/photos/mnassal
Page 43: Failure is not an option, or, why you need to ask 'Why?" more often

…and the first theories about company organisation were born

Page 44: Failure is not an option, or, why you need to ask 'Why?" more often

Denis Diderot, France, 1713-1784

Page 45: Failure is not an option, or, why you need to ask 'Why?" more often

Dyeing factory, 1751.

Encyclopédie, 1751

Page 46: Failure is not an option, or, why you need to ask 'Why?" more often

Adam Smith, Scotland, 1723-1790

Page 47: Failure is not an option, or, why you need to ask 'Why?" more often

Henry Ford, U.S., 1863-1947

Page 48: Failure is not an option, or, why you need to ask 'Why?" more often

and this was the model.

http://www.flickr.com/photos/west_point

http://www.flickr.com/photos/west_point
Page 49: Failure is not an option, or, why you need to ask 'Why?" more often

Peter Drucker, U.S., 1909-2005

Page 50: Failure is not an option, or, why you need to ask 'Why?" more often

http://ccdl.libraries.claremont.edu/utils/getfile/collection/dac/id/3583/filename/4033.pdf

http://ccdl.libraries.claremont.edu/utils/getfile/collection/dac/id/3583/filename/4033.pdf
Page 51: Failure is not an option, or, why you need to ask 'Why?" more often

This is where companies come from.

Page 52: Failure is not an option, or, why you need to ask 'Why?" more often

…and this is why you have a career!

Page 53: Failure is not an option, or, why you need to ask 'Why?" more often

Career… interesting etymology!

Page 54: Failure is not an option, or, why you need to ask 'Why?" more often

ca·reer noun \kə-ˈrir\

a : speed in a course. !b : a field for or pursuit of consecutive progressive achievement in public, professional, or business life. !c: a profession for which one trains and which is undertaken as a permanent calling.

Page 55: Failure is not an option, or, why you need to ask 'Why?" more often

Any clue?

Page 56: Failure is not an option, or, why you need to ask 'Why?" more often

http://www.flickr.com/photos/xavitalleda

The Romans, a long time ago.

http://www.flickr.com/photos/xavitalleda
Page 57: Failure is not an option, or, why you need to ask 'Why?" more often

Reality is…

Page 58: Failure is not an option, or, why you need to ask 'Why?" more often

http://www.flickr.com/photos/dublingurrier

All of this is profoundly broken!

http://www.flickr.com/photos/dublingurrier
Page 59: Failure is not an option, or, why you need to ask 'Why?" more often

http://www.flickr.com/photos/foonk

We all became dummies and copy cats

http://www.flickr.com/photos/foonk
Page 60: Failure is not an option, or, why you need to ask 'Why?" more often

and if it’s broken, it’s broken.

Seth Godin

Page 61: Failure is not an option, or, why you need to ask 'Why?" more often

This really starts very early…

Page 62: Failure is not an option, or, why you need to ask 'Why?" more often

From preschool to 1st grade

Page 63: Failure is not an option, or, why you need to ask 'Why?" more often

We need to stand up!

Page 64: Failure is not an option, or, why you need to ask 'Why?" more often

New organisational models are possibile.

Page 65: Failure is not an option, or, why you need to ask 'Why?" more often

And the options are infinite!

http://www.flickr.com/photos/insecureproperties

http://www.flickr.com/photos/insecureproperties
Page 66: Failure is not an option, or, why you need to ask 'Why?" more often

Here’s a few examples

Page 67: Failure is not an option, or, why you need to ask 'Why?" more often

http://www.morningstarco.com

http://www.morningstarco.com
Page 68: Failure is not an option, or, why you need to ask 'Why?" more often
Page 69: Failure is not an option, or, why you need to ask 'Why?" more often

Company Vision:

To create a company in which all team members will be self-managing professionals, initiating communications and the coordination of their activities with fellow colleagues, customers, suppliers, and fellow industry participants, absent directives from others. !!

Page 70: Failure is not an option, or, why you need to ask 'Why?" more often
Page 71: Failure is not an option, or, why you need to ask 'Why?" more often

Handbook for new employees

http://www.valvesoftware.com/jobs/index.html

http://www.valvesoftware.com/jobs/index.html
Page 72: Failure is not an option, or, why you need to ask 'Why?" more often
Page 73: Failure is not an option, or, why you need to ask 'Why?" more often

http://blog.crisp.se/2012/11/14/henrikkniberg/scaling-agile-at-spotify

http://blog.crisp.se/2012/11/14/henrikkniberg/scaling-agile-at-spotify
Page 74: Failure is not an option, or, why you need to ask 'Why?" more often

Is all of this new?

Page 75: Failure is not an option, or, why you need to ask 'Why?" more often

NO!!!

Page 76: Failure is not an option, or, why you need to ask 'Why?" more often

Lorenzo il Magnifico

Giorgio Vasari - Ritratto di Lorenzo il Magnifico - Circa 1534

Page 77: Failure is not an option, or, why you need to ask 'Why?" more often

Villaggio Crespi, Crespi d’Adda

Page 78: Failure is not an option, or, why you need to ask 'Why?" more often

Adriano Olivetti, Italy, 1901-1960

Page 79: Failure is not an option, or, why you need to ask 'Why?" more often

So, which is a winning model?

Page 80: Failure is not an option, or, why you need to ask 'Why?" more often

Startups, maybe?

Page 81: Failure is not an option, or, why you need to ask 'Why?" more often

maybe…

Page 82: Failure is not an option, or, why you need to ask 'Why?" more often

but just because they are forced to change

Page 83: Failure is not an option, or, why you need to ask 'Why?" more often

Why?

Page 84: Failure is not an option, or, why you need to ask 'Why?" more often

Three main reasons

Page 85: Failure is not an option, or, why you need to ask 'Why?" more often

They are short on money

http://www.flickr.com/photos/68751915@N05

http://www.flickr.com/photos/68751915@N05
Page 86: Failure is not an option, or, why you need to ask 'Why?" more often

They are on to something new

http://www.flickr.com/photos/marlenek

http://www.flickr.com/photos/marlenek
Page 87: Failure is not an option, or, why you need to ask 'Why?" more often

They are small

http://www.flickr.com/photos/50956221@N04

http://www.flickr.com/photos/50956221@N04
Page 88: Failure is not an option, or, why you need to ask 'Why?" more often

Yes, but…

Page 89: Failure is not an option, or, why you need to ask 'Why?" more often

They suffer from being stretched

http://www.flickr.com/photos/50956221@N04

http://www.flickr.com/photos/50956221@N04
Page 90: Failure is not an option, or, why you need to ask 'Why?" more often

How should they cope with that?

Page 91: Failure is not an option, or, why you need to ask 'Why?" more often

#include  <iostream>              !class  Company  {      public:                                                  CEO();                    CFO();            CTO();          CMO();              private:          void  run_business();  //  As  per  our  model  :-­‐)                                      

};  !  //  constructor  of  CEO  Company::CEO()  {  }  !//  destructor  of  CEO  Company::~CEO()                                    {          delete[]  ;  //Something  went  wrong  :-­‐)  }

Page 92: Failure is not an option, or, why you need to ask 'Why?" more often

My (Personal) Recipe

http://www.flickr.com/photos/ntr23

http://www.flickr.com/photos/ntr23
Page 93: Failure is not an option, or, why you need to ask 'Why?" more often

Openness

http://www.flickr.com/photos/loop_oh

http://www.flickr.com/photos/loop_oh
Page 94: Failure is not an option, or, why you need to ask 'Why?" more often

http://peoplemov.in/

1

Atoms and Bits

http://peoplemov.in/
Page 95: Failure is not an option, or, why you need to ask 'Why?" more often

http://www.mpetroff.net/archives/2012/09/14/kindle-weather-display/

2

Products

http://www.mpetroff.net/archives/2012/09/14/kindle-weather-display/
Page 96: Failure is not an option, or, why you need to ask 'Why?" more often

Is this a moral imperative?

Everywhere you look, there are devices for free that have everything you need to make anything

do anything. !

...the world is full of capacious, capable, disposable junk and it cries out to be used again.

!Cory Doctorow - Makers - 2009

2

Page 97: Failure is not an option, or, why you need to ask 'Why?" more often

Nabaztag - Karotz

3

Products

Page 98: Failure is not an option, or, why you need to ask 'Why?" more often

Education

http://www.flickr.com/photos/chrismetcalf

http://www.flickr.com/photos/chrismetcalf
Page 99: Failure is not an option, or, why you need to ask 'Why?" more often

1

http://www.codedojo.com

Coding and Making

http://www.mpetroff.net/archives/2012/09/14/kindle-weather-display/
Page 100: Failure is not an option, or, why you need to ask 'Why?" more often

2

http://www.damentors.com

Sharing and Mentoring

http://www.mpetroff.net/archives/2012/09/14/kindle-weather-display/
Page 101: Failure is not an option, or, why you need to ask 'Why?" more often

Cross Pollination

http://www.flickr.com/photos/vcrown

3

http://www.flickr.com/photos/vcrown
Page 102: Failure is not an option, or, why you need to ask 'Why?" more often

Organisational models

Modern Times - 1936

Page 103: Failure is not an option, or, why you need to ask 'Why?" more often

1

No mahogany tables

http://www.flickr.com/photos/wingatestatearena

http://www.flickr.com/photos/wingatestatearena
Page 104: Failure is not an option, or, why you need to ask 'Why?" more often

“De qua!”

L’armata Brancaleone - Speech to the troups - 1966

Page 105: Failure is not an option, or, why you need to ask 'Why?" more often

Stay away from the water cooler

http://www.flickr.com/photos/75950411@N02

2

http://www.flickr.com/photos/75950411@N02
Page 106: Failure is not an option, or, why you need to ask 'Why?" more often

Forget all what you hear through the grapevine.

http://www.flickr.com/photos/75950411@N02

3

http://www.flickr.com/photos/75950411@N02
Page 107: Failure is not an option, or, why you need to ask 'Why?" more often

Stop with GROWTHISM!

http://www.flickr.com/photos/rhodes

4

http://www.flickr.com/photos/rhodes
Page 108: Failure is not an option, or, why you need to ask 'Why?" more often

Don’t use the word innovation

http://www.flickr.com/photos/masondan

5

http://www.flickr.com/photos/masondan
Page 109: Failure is not an option, or, why you need to ask 'Why?" more often

A personal story.

Page 110: Failure is not an option, or, why you need to ask 'Why?" more often

No BS, please.

Page 111: Failure is not an option, or, why you need to ask 'Why?" more often

Ron Finley:Bring your shovel

http://www.ted.com/talks/ron_finley_a_guerilla_gardener_in_south_central_la.html

http://www.ted.com/talks/ron_finley_a_guerilla_gardener_in_south_central_la.html
Page 112: Failure is not an option, or, why you need to ask 'Why?" more often

and finally…

Page 113: Failure is not an option, or, why you need to ask 'Why?" more often

ask ‘Why?’!!!

Page 114: Failure is not an option, or, why you need to ask 'Why?" more often

Thanks!http://about.me/alessandro.galetto

http://about.me/alessandro.galetto

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