Factories Act 1948

A factory act implies to any organization that employs at least 20 or more workers

AIM OF FACTORIES ACT

TO ENSURE SAFETY AND SAFEGUARD OF THE MENIALS

TO MAINTAIN A CERTAIN LEVEL OF WELFARE IN BONA FIDE OF THE WORKER

TO ENSURE AND INDEMNIFY THEM IN CASE OF ANY INADEQUACIES OR MALAISE.

TO CHALK DOWN SOME BOLDENED PREMESIS WHICH CAN ENSURE THE BASIC MORES OF THE WORKING FORCE.

TO SUBSIDIZE WORKERS HEALTH PROBLEMS AND PROVIDE THEM WITH THE ADEQUATE AIDS.

ISSUE THE SAFETY KITS TO WORKERS WHO WORK AT DANGEROUS COORDINATES.

LAY DOWN PROVISIONS FOR MATERNITY BENEFITS TO WOMEN.

THREE RUBRICS OF FACTORIES ACT

1. HEALTH 2. SAFETY3. WELFARE

HEALTH

THIS SECTION COVERS SECTION 11 TO 20Every factory should be kept dean and free

from DIRTINESS arising from any drain, privy or other nuisance. {Section 11}

Effective arrangements should be made in every factory for the treatment and effluents due to the manufacturing process carried on therein, so as to render them innocuous, and for their disposal. {Section12}

Effective and suitable provisions should be made in every factory for securing and maintaining in every workroom; adequate ventilation by the circulation of fresh air; and such a temperatures will secure to workers therein reasonable conditions of comfort and prevent injury to health. {Section 13}

Effective measures should be taken to prevent inhalation of dust to prevent inhalation of dust and fume that may produce in the course of manufacturing process. {Section 14}

No room in any factory should lie overcrowded to an extent injurious to the health of the workers employed therein. {Section 16}

In every factory effective arrangements should be made to provide and maintain at suitable points conveniently' situated for all workers employed therein a sufficientsupply of wholesome drinking water. {Section 18}

In every factory there should be provided a sufficient number of spittoons in convenient places and they shall be maintained in a clean and hygienic condition. {Section 20}

BASICALLY, HEALTH RUBRIC IN THE FACTORY ACT ENSURES THAT A MININMUM LEVEL OF HYGEINE LEVEL IS MAINTAINED IN THE FACTORY SO THAT IT DOESN’T STENCH AND SUCCUMB TO GROSS MILIEIU…….

SAFETY

THIS SECTION INCLUDES SECTION 21 TO 35

IT DEALS WITH THE SAFETY MEASURES THAT A FIRM UNDERTAKES

The machinery in every factory should be properly fenced. {Section 21}

Only the trained adult male worker, wearing tight fitting clothing which should be supplied by the Occupier, should be allowed to work near the machinery in motion. {Section 22}

• No young person shall be employed on dangerous machinery, unless he is fully instructed as to the danger arising in connection with the machine and the precautions to be observed and he has received sufficient training in work at the machine. {Section 23}

Suitable arrangements should be made to provide striking gear and devices for cutting off power in case of emergencies. {Section 24}

Sufficient precautions should be taken with regard to self-acting machines to avoid accidents. {Section 25}

To prevent danger, all machinery driven by power should be encased and effectively guarded. {Section 26}

Woman worker and children should not be employed in any part of the factory for pressing cotton in which a cotton-opener is at work. {Section 27}

Lifting Machines, Chains, Ropes and Lifting Tackles in a factory should be periodically inspected by the Competent Person. {Section 29}

Where process of grinding is carried on, a notice indicating the maximum safe working peripheral speed of every grind-stone or abrasive wheel etc., should be fixed to the revolving machinery.{Section 30}

Pits, sumps opening in floor etc., should be either securely covered or fenced. {Section 33}

Necessary protective equipment should be provided to protect the eyes of the workman, where the working involves risk of injury to the eyes. {Section 35}

THE SAFETY CHAIN IN THE FACTORY ACT WAS EMPHATIC ON THE FACT TO ENSURE SAFETY OF THE WORKERS SO THAT THEY DON’T FACE ANY LETHAL ULTERIOR OR INJURE THEMSELVES SEVERELY…..

WELFARE

THIS SECTION INCLUDES SECTION 42 TO 59

Adequate and suitable 'washing facilities' should be provided in every factory. {Section 42}

Provision should be made to provide suitable places for keeping clothing not worn during working hours and for the drying of wet clothing.{Section 43}

In every factory, suitable arrangements for sitting should be provided and maintained for all workers obliged to work in a standing position, in order that they may take advantage of any opportunities for rest which may occur in the course of their work.{Section 44}

First-Aid Boxes with the prescribed contents should be provided and maintained so as to be readily accessible during all working hours at the rate of at least one Box for every 150 workmen. {Section 45}

In every factory wherein more than 500 workers are employed there should be provided and maintained an Ambulance containing the prescribed equipment and in the charge of such medical and nursing staff. {Section 45(4)}

The Occupier should provide a canteen for the use of workers in every factory, where the number of workmen employed is more than 250.{Section 46}

In every factory wherein more than 150 workers are employed adequate and suitable shelters or rest rooms and a suitable lunch room, with provision for drinking water, where workers can eat meals brought by them, should be provided and maintained for the use of the workers. {Section 47}

In every factory wherein more than 30 women workers are ordinarily employed there should be provided and maintained a suitable room for the use of children under the age of six years of such women. {Section 48}

In every factory wherein more than 500 or more workers are employed, the Occupier should employ in the factory such number of Welfare Officers as may be prescribed. {Section 49}

WORKING HOURS

Ordinarily, a worker should not be allowed to work in a factory for more than 48 hours in any week. {Section 51}

The workman should have one holiday for a whole day in a week. Where he was asked to work on his scheduled weekly holiday, he should be given compensatory holiday within three days of his scheduled weekly holiday. {Section 52}

After obtaining approval from the Inspector of Factories, the workman shall be allowed to avail the compensatory holidays unavailed by him, within that month during which the compensatory holidays are due or within two months immediately following that month. {Section 53}

Subject to the provisions of Section 51 no worker should be allowed to work more than nine hours in a day. {Section 54}

worker works in a factory for more than nine hours in any day or for more than forty-eight hours in any week, he shall, in respect of overtime work, be entitled to wages at the rate of twice his ordinary rate of wages.{section 59}

SPECIAL PROVISIONS FOR WOMEN FORCES

ITS WAS FELT THAT THE ACT WAS A BIT PRIAPIC

THEREFORE SOME SPECIAL LINES WERE LAID DOWN FOR THE MATRIARCH WORKFORCE

SECTION 66 DEALS WITH THE NITTY GRITTY OF IT

Women is not  allowed to work during the night hours from between 10 P.M. and 5 A.M. Factories act 1948, shall allow women to work in between the hours of 6 A.M. and 7 P.M. only. 

CONCLUSION

EVERY COMPANY MUST EMPLOY AN OCCUPIER WHO CHECKS ON THE INADEQUACIES OF THE FIRM

HE MUST ENSURE SAFETY NORMSITS HIS DUTY TO MAINTAIN AT HIS

BEHEST THE SAFETY REGULATIONSTO TRAIN PEOPLE IN WELFARE AND

SAFETY SO THAT FATALATIES MAY BE PROCRASTINATED.

TO ENSURE THE HIGHEST LEVEL OF HYGEINE SO THAT A PANDEMIC SITUATION DOESN’T OCCUR.

TO ENSURE LAVATORY CLEANLINESS AND MAINTAIN PROPER AD HOC SAFETY KITS FOR INCLEMENT MISHAPPENINGS…….

TO ENSURE ADEQUATE MEDICATION AND PROPER WORKING ACREAGE WHICH COMPLY WITH THE LABOR WELFARE SCHEMES….