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Factors impacting HBCU

Alumni Giving; Exploring

Extrinsic/ Intrinsic Motivation

Cephas A Riggins, Doctoral Candidate

Prairie View A&M University

Outline of Presentation

Statement of the Problem

Purpose of the Study

Methodology

Findings

Limitations

Recommendations for Practice

Statement of the Problem

Major projects rely heavy on endowments ( Berry 2008)

Endowments shrinking, Survival is needed to exist(Cohen,

2006)

PWI endowments are much higher than HBCU

Endowments

50:1 in 1994

106:1 in 2014

2 HBCUs report over 100 Million / 17 PWIs report over 1

Billion (HBCUMoney.com)

Purpose of the Study

Understand the practices and procedures of successful

HBCU institutional development offices

Researcher determined that phenomenological

research design as best method

Findings expected to:

1. Inform Practice

2. Influence/ upgrade policy

3.Reform procedures

4. establish a foundation of data to conduct further

studies.

Conceptual Framework

Prosocial Behavior Theory (Drezner 2009)

Extrinsic Motivation (Coon & Mitterer, 2010)

Intrinsic Motivation (Coon & Mitterer, 2010)

Conceptual Framework

Virtue Ethics. According to Hursthouse (1999), virtue ethics is an approach

to normative ethics that emphasizes the virtues, or moral character as opposed to the emphasis of rules or consequences.

Deontology Theory. According to Yoon (2011), deontology theory bases

morality on specific principles of obligation.

Utilitarianism theory. Utilitarianism is a theory in which the determination of a morally right or wrong action is based the outcome of the action

(Cavanagh, Moberg, & Velasquez, 1981).

Social Contract Theory. Social contract theory is the view that people’s

moral and political obligation are based on an agreement to form the

society in which they live (Thompson & Hart, 2006).

Methodology Research Questions

1. What are the best practices of institutional development offices of selected

HBCUs Public and private in Texas, Louisiana, Arkansas?

2. What are the structures and operational procedures of institutional

development offices of selected HBCUs Public and private in Texas, Louisiana,

Arkansas?

Qualitive Paradigm, Empirical Research design Phenomenological perspective

Purposive Sampling, homogeneous sampling, expert Sampling, extreme case

sampling.

Data Collection – Used open ended interview through qualtrics

Participants of the study

The participants included Institutional

development officers (leaders) or their

designee in public or private universities in

Arkansas, Louisiana, and Texas.

This choice of participants called upon their

knowledge, expertise, and rich details

through their experiences.

Best Practices by respondents

Findings

Best Practices found

1. Building relationships with donors by being accountable

Best fundraising campaign goals met through gift pyramid method (E)

Focus on alumni that believe in the University and its cause (I)

Raising funds through mini- Campaigns – Special projects (E & I)

Exercising fiduciary responsibility allocating within Board Endowment guidelines, State and

federal guidelines as well. Setting Growth goals, investing properly for growth.

unrestricted major gifts drives, restricted major gifts, alumni drives, corporate drives, grants,

and mail campaigns. (E)

engages donors by using invitations to football games, offering speaking engagements to

students, recognizing donors in publications, and offering naming rights. (E)

annual fundraising, alumni giving, major gifts, and grants. (E & I )

capital campaign seemed most beneficial

Themes for Best Practices

Alumni Engagement

Best practices for structure and

operations of development offices

Recommendations for Future

Develop Standard Protocol for fundraising in

HBCUs.

Influence Law that mandates Fundraising and

growth yearly at HBCUs to close the gap.

Invest in our institutional development offices to

improve giving percentages.

Studying the concept of non-traditional giving

practices.

Thank You

Contact Information

Cephas A Riggins –

Doctoral Student

Prairie View A& M University

Whitlowe Green College Of Education