FACTORS FOR DELAY IN PUBLIC SECTOR

PROJECTS

DATA COLLECTION

• PRIMARY VARIABLES (REASONS) FOR DELAY IN PUBLIC SECTOR PROJECTS WERE RESEARCHED UNDER GUIDANCE OF DR. MUKESH KUMAR BARUA (ASSISTANT PROFESSOR AT IIT ROORKEE)

• VARIABLES WERE ASSIGNED AFTER CONCLUDING AN EXHAUSTIVE SESSION OF WHY - WHY ANALYSIS

• THESE CAUSES WERE USED AS PRIMARY VARIABLE ON WHICH FACTOR ANALYSIS WAS PERFORMED

• ALL VARIABLES ARE SHOWN IN THE NEXT SLIDE

MARKET SURVEY• 11 VARIABLE REQUIRE A MINIMUM SAMPLE SIZE OF 55 FOR EFFICIENT FACTOR

ANALYSIS

• RESPONDENTS ACROSS IIT ROORKEE WERE ASKED TO FILL THE SURVEY (RESPONDENT SIZE: 67)

• RESPONDENTS INCLUDED STUDENTS FROM DIFFERENT SECTORS LIKE COMPUTER ENGINEERS, MBA STUDENTS, PHD SCHOLARS, FACULTIES AND ADMINISTRATION PERSONNELS

• LINK TO QUESTIONNAIRE: FACTOR ANALYSIS QUESIONNAIRE

• SURVEY RESPONSES WERE MEASURED ON A LIKERT SCALE BASED ON KNOWLEDGE OF STUDENTS ON THE GIVEN SUBJECT (RESPONSES ARE SHOWN

CORRELATION MATRIX• NULL HYPOTHESIS: VARIABLE ARE UNCORRELATED IN THE POPULATION.

CORRELATION MATRIX IS AN IDENTITY MATRIX

• CORRELATION MATRIX: DIAGNOL MATRIX SHOWING ALL CORRELATIONS BETWEEN VARIABLES

APPROPRIATENESS OF FACTOR ANALYSIS• BARTLETT’S TEST OF SPHERICITY: USED TO EXAMINE THE HYPOTHESIS BASED

ON CORRELATION MATRIX AND CHI-SQUARE VALUE.

LARGE CHI-SQUARE VALUE SIGNIFIES REJECTION OF NULL HYPOTHESIS SIG VALUE SHOULD BE LESS THAN ALPHA VALUE

• KMO TEST: HIGH VALUE OF KMO VALUE SIGNIFIES APPROPRIATENESS OF FACTOR ANALYSIS. IF VALUE OF KMO IS LESS THAN 0.5, FACTOR ANALYSIS IS NOT APPROPRIATE

COMMUNALITIES

• REPRESENT COMMON VARIANCE IN DATA AFTER FACTOR EXTRACTION (VALUE < 0.5) => VARIABLE IS DISCARDED IN FACTOR ANALYSIS

• PRINCIPAL COMPONENT ANALYSIS CONSIDERS TOTAL VARIANCE TO FIND MINIMUM NUMBER OF FACTORS

• COMMON FACTOR ANALYSIS CONSIDERS FACTORS BASED ON COMMON VARIANCE

NUMBER OF FACTORS

• EIGEN VALUES: COUNT OF VARIABLE HAVING EIGEN VALUES GREATER THAN 1 REPRESENT THE NUMBER OF FACTORS

• PRIORI DETERMINATION: NO. OF FACTORS ARE PREDETERMINED

• SCREE PLOT: COMPONENT POINT WHERE SCREE STARTS TO BEGIN IN THE SCREEN PLOT DIAGRAM

• PERCENTAGE OF VARIANCE: PERCENTAGE OF VARIANCE > 60%

FACTOR EXTRACTION• VARIABLES AFTER COMPONENT

MATRIX EXTRACTION ARE LOADED ON MORE THAN ONE FACTORS

• EG: VAR0001 IS LOADED 0.610 ON FACTOR 2 AND LOADED 0.617 ON FACTOR 4

• COMPONENT MATRIX IS ROTATED TO AVOID LOADING OF VARIABLE ON MORE THAN 1 FACTORS

VARIMAX ROTATION• ORTHOGONAL METHOD OF COMPONENT

MATRIX ROTATION THAT MINIMIZES NUMBER OF VARIABLES WITH HIGHLOADING ON FACTORS

• ROTATION OF COMPONENT MATRIX ENHANCES INTERPRETABILITY OF FACTOR ANALYSIS

( FACTORS RESPONSIBLE FOR DELAY IN PUBLIC SECTOR PROJECTS ARE GIVEN IN NEXT SLIDE)

FACTORS FOR DELAY IN PUBLIC SECTOR PROJECTS

• INEFFICIENT HUMAN AND TECHNICAL RESOURCES

• OPERATIONAL INCAPABILITIES

• NEPOTISM

• GOVERNMENT REGULATIONS

• POOR POLICY FRAMEWORKS