Face Recognition in the Brain Arash Afraz How Does the Brain Represent FACE??? Electrophysiological Studies Imaging Studies Behavioral Studies Electro -physiological Studies: Face selective neurons in the temporal cortex of monkey were reported in 1972. TE Face Identity STS Facial Expression Neural Encoding!?!? Global Categories: Monkey, Human & Shape. Fine Categories: Monkey Identity (F1), Monkey Expression (F2), Human Identity (F3) & Human Expression (F4) I See a face a happy face! Latency Coding in Face neurons? Imaging Studies: Fusiform Face Area Imaging studies (Nancy Kanwisher). Face neurons are clustered in ventral visual pathway in few patches (say 5 or 6) Amount and distribution of face selective patches are similar in humans and monkeys Optical Imaging investigations convey the same results. Behavioral Studies: Face Inversion Effects Laterality in Perceiving Facial Expression Prosopagnosia Adaptation and After-effects in Face Perception!? Simple Adaptations What about high level visual stimuli like faces? Morphing: Computerized Controlled Distortion of Faces Effect of inversion: Effect of translation: A simple experiment! Adaptation Test! Adaptation Test! A simple experiment! Use of adaptation paradigms in investigating higher level questions Face adaptation is reduced by binocular suppression. Farshad Moradi, Christof Koch, Shinsuke Shimojo New Prospects: Face as a dynamic visual stimulus Facial mimic and Facial Motion