f main injector particle production experiment doe annual program review holger meyer
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Main Injector Particle ProductionExperiment
DOE Annual Program ReviewHolger Meyer
September 26, 2007 2
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MIPP - Holger Meyer
MIPP Experiment Overview
• Approved in November 2001, installed in Meson Center MC7,14 months physics run ended in Februrary 2006
• Use 120 GeV/c Main Injector protons to produce– secondary beams of , K, and p from 5 GeV/c to 90 GeV/c– 120 GeV/c proton beam
• Measure particle production cross sections on fixed targets– various nuclei including hydrogen and the NuMI target
• Momenta of ~all charged particles measured with TPC and tracking chambers.Particle identification with dE/dx, ToF, differential Cherenkov, and RICH technologies.
• Open Geometry – Lower systematics & Higher statistics than existing data.
• A proposal P960 to upgrade MIPP is under consideration
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MIPP - Holger Meyer
MIPP CollaborationJ. Klay - California Polytechnic State University,
R. J. Peterson - University of Colorado, Boulder
W. Baker, D. Carey, J. Hylen, C. Johnstone, M. Kostin, H. Meyer, N. Mokhov, A. Para, R. Raja, N. Solomey, S. Striganov - Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory
G. Feldman, A. Lebedev, S. Seun - Harvard University
P. Hanlet, O. Kamaev, D. Kaplan, H. Rubin, Y. Torun - Illinois Institute of Technology
U. Akgun, G. Aydin, F. Duru, E. Gülmez, Y. Gunaydin, Y. Onel, A. Penzo - University of Iowa
N. Graf, M. Messier, J. Paley - Indiana University
P. D. Barnes Jr., E. Hartouni, M. Heffner, D. Lange, R. Soltz, D. Wright - Lawrence Livermore Laboratory
R. L. Abrams, H. R. Gustafson, M. Longo, T. Nigmanov, H-K. Park, D. Rajaram - University of Michigan
A. Bujak, L. Gutay, D. E. Miller - Purdue University
T. Bergfeld, A. Godley, S. R. Mishra, C. Rosenfeld, K. Wu - University of South Carolina
C. Dukes, L. C. Lu, C. Materniack, K. Nelson, A. Norman - University of Virginia
N. Solomey – Wichita State University
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MIPP - Holger Meyer
MIPP Secondary Beam• Installed in 2003. Delivered slow spill
commissioning beam since February 2004. Finished Engineering run in Aug 2004.
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MIPP - Holger Meyer
MIPP Detector - Tracking
TPC
JGG
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MIPP - Holger Meyer
MIPP Detector – Particle ID
RICH ring radii
and vessel
Seg
men
ted
thre
shol
d C
kov
ToF [cm/ns] vs p [GeV/c]
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MIPP Time Projection Chamber
All tracks are reconstructed
- even in bad events
TPC originates at BEVALAC
group at LBL, then BNL-E910
- currently limiting DAQ to
≤60Hz (1990's electronics)
- drift time is 16 s
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MIPP - Holger Meyer
MIPP TPC Distortion Corrections
• Correct for non-parallel E and B fields– use Magboltz to model electron drift in
P10 gas
– Parametrize in drift velocity v=(vx,vy,vz), E=(0,Ey,0), B=(Bx,By,0)
– Swim electrons up from the pad-plane
• Distortions ofseveral cm inJGG
• Residuals offew mm
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MIPP - Holger Meyer
MIPP Monte Carlo simulates Data well
Data (left) and MC (below) agree well.MC models regions of low gain in the TPC.
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MIPP Expected Particle ID
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MIPP - Holger Meyer
MIPP Physics
• Particle Physics – To acquire unbiased high statistics data with complete particle id coverage for hadron interactions.– Study non-perturbative QCD hadron dynamics, scaling laws
of particle production– Investigate light meson spectroscopy, missing resonances– Charged Kaon mass measurement
• Nuclear Physics– Investigate strangeness production in nuclei– Nuclear scaling– Propagation of flavor through nuclei
• Service Measurements– Improve shower models in MARS, Geant4 and Calorimetry
-- ILC– Proton Radiography – Stockpile Stewardship- National
Security– MINOS target – pion production measurements to control
the near/far systematics• Will make DSTs available for the public on DVDs after we are
done.• HARP at CERN went from 2-15GeV incoming pion and proton
beams. MIPP has data at 5-85 GeV/c for 6 beam species K p
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MIPP - Holger Meyer
MIPP Data Set
Data Summary 27 February 2006
Acquired Data by Target and Beam Energy Number of events, x 106
Target E
Z Element Trigger
Mix 5 20 35 40 55 60 65 85 120 Total
Empty1 Normal 0.10 0.14 0.52 0.25 1.01
K Mass2 No Int. 5.48 0.50 7.39 0.96 14.33 0
Empty LH1 Normal 0.30 0.61 0.31
1 LH Normal 0.21 1.94 1.98 1.73 7.08
p only 1.08 4 Be
Normal 0.10 0.56 1.75
C Mixed 0.21
C 2% Mixed 0.39 0.26 0.47 1.33
6
NuMI p only 1.78 1.78
13 Al Normal 0.10 0.10
p only 1.05 83 Bi
Normal 0.52 1.26 2.83
92 U Normal 1.18 1.18
Total 0.21 2.73 0.86 5.48 0.50 13.97 0.96 2.04 4.63 31.38
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MIPP Data Reconstruction
• Tracking and Vertex reconstruction ☑
• PID– TPC ☑– Ckov ☑– ToF ☒ (close to final)– RICH ☑
• Monte Carlo ☑
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MIPP - Holger Meyer
MIPP Results
• Two PhD theses finished– Ratio of Pion Kaon
Production in Proton Carbon Interactions (Andre Lebedev)
– Measurement of Pi-K Ratios from the NuMI Target (S. Seun)
– 120 GeV/cproton beam
• Several otherpreliminaryresults– Multiplicities– Cross Sections
September 26, 2007 15
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MIPP - Holger Meyer
MIPP 120 GeV/c p-C ratios
• MIPP data for ratios of π and K produced by p on thin-Carbon – A. Lebedev– MIPP data is needed to constrain
models/fits
September 26, 2007 16
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MIPP - Holger Meyer
Preliminary Cross Sections• Reasonable first results – G. Aydin & H. Meyer
– needs work on normalization, some other improvements
)cos)((
)cos,()cos,(
)cos,(
1
2)cos,(
2
pN
pNpN
paN
Ap
dpd
d
b
emptytgt
A
September 26, 2007 17
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MIPP - Holger Meyer
MIPP Upgrade (P960) Collaboration• D. Isenhower, M. Sadler, R. Towell, S. Watson; Abilene Christian University• R. J. Peterson; University of Colorado, Boulder• W. Baker, B. Baldin,D. Carey, D. Christian, M. Demarteau, D. Jensen, C.
Johnstone, H. Meyer, R. Raja, A. Ronzhin, N. Solomey, W. Wester, J.-Y. Wu; Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory
• W. Briscoe, I. Strakovsky, R. Workman; George Washington University, Washington D.C
• H. Gutbrod, B. Kolb, K. Peters; GSI, Darmstadt, Germany• G. Feldman; Harvard University• Y. Torun; Illinois Institute of Technology• M.D. Messier, J. Paley; Indiana University• U. Akgun, G. Aydin, F. Duru, E. Gülmez, Y. Gunaydin, Y. Onel, A. Penzo;
University of Iowa• V. Avdeichikov, P. Filip, R. Leitner, J. Manjavidze, V. Nikitin, I. Rufanov, A.
Sissakian, T. Topuria, A. Zinchenko; Joint Institute of Nuclear Research, Dubna, Russia
• D. M. Manley; Kent State University• H. Löhner, J. Messchendorp; KVI, Groningen, Netherlands• H. R. Gustafson, M. Longo, T. Nigmanov, D. Rajaram; University of Michigan• S. P. Kruglov, I. V. Lopatin, N. G. Kozlenko, A. A. Kulbardis, D. V. Nowinsky, A.
K. Radkov, V. V. Sumachev; Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Gatchina, Russia
• A. Bujak, L. Gutay; Purdue University• D. Bergman, G. Thomson; Rutgers University, New Jersey• A. Godley, S. R. Mishra, C. Rosenfeld; University of South Carolina• C. Dukes, C. Materniak, K. Nelson, A. Norman; University of Virginia• P. Desiati, F. Halzen, T. Montaruli; University of Wisconsin, Madison• P. Sokolsky, W. Springer; University of Utah
September 26, 2007 18
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MIPP - Holger Meyer
MIPP Upgrade Status
• New JGG magnet coils manufactured ($200k)– Refurbish Ziptrack to map the new
magnetic field
• TPC electronics in hand– Altro & Pasa chips ($80k)
•Same as LHC, STAR,…•Will read out at ~3kHz
• Other electronics upgrades– Prototypes in fabrication
• Plastic Ball from KVI/GSI asrecoil detector in MIPP
September 26, 2007 19
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MIPP Upgrade Physics
• Measurement of Neutrino production targets– MINOS, NOvA, MINERvA
• Atmospheric Neutrino production, Cosmic Ray showers– Cross sections on Nitrogen
• Hadronic Shower Simulation• Tagged neutral beams
– ILC Detector R&D
• Non-perturbative QCD• Baryon Spectroscopy• See
"Proposal to upgrade the MIPP Experiment“ for details and further topics
September 26, 2007 20
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MIPP Summary
• MIPP finished taking data in February 2006.Data analysis is in progress and first results are coming out now.
• A future run (if approved) will improve statistics and physics reach further.
• MIPP is a very versatile experiment.– Interesting physics on its own– MIPP data is an important input for many other
experiments• Atmospheric Neutrinos & Cosmic Rays: PIERRE
AUGER, ICE CUBE• MINOS/MINERνA/NOνA, Super K/Hyper K
(neutrino spectra)• CMS/Atlas (hadronic energy scale)• ILC calorimetry (hadronic energy
scale/resolutions)
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The End
Backup slides
September 26, 2007 22
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MIPP Detector Alignment
• TPC ExB corrections could not be done well with bad alignment– Need to fit TPC residuals against know
track positions from chambers
September 26, 2007 23
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MIPP - Holger Meyer
Beam Cherenkov Pressure Curves
+40 GeV/c -40 GeV/c
K-
K-K+
K+
p
p
p-
p-
-
-
+
+
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50 GeV/c p-C Event Display
September 26, 2007 25
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NuMI target in MIPP
September 26, 2007 26
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Charged Kaon Mass in MIPPRICH ring radius of tagged , K, p beam particles measures K mass
relative to well know masses of , p.
With higher statistics this could
resolve the disagreement between
existing measurements, see PDG.
Important for VUS
.
Data taken for Kaon mass
Momentum Magnets
-60 Off 3203 2701458
37.5 Off 1114 1687073
40 Off 2146 2884920
42.5 Off 618 911701
56 On 460 497633
59 Off 2017 2735482
59 On 673 738983
Number of
beam spills
Number of
events
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• We do not know how to calculate a single cross section in non-perturbative QCD! This is >99% of the total QCD cross section. Perturbative QCD has made impressive progress. But it relies on structure functions for its calculations, which are non-perturbative and derived from data.
• Feynman scaling, KNO scaling, rapidity plateaus are all violated. We cannot predict elastic cross sections, diffractive cross sections, let alone inclusive or semi-inclusive processes. Regge ''theory'' is in fact a phenomenology whose predictions are flexible and can be easily altered by adding more trajectories.
• All existing data are old, low statistics with poor particle id.MIPP data on LH2 will provide precise data to test new ideas.
Why study non-perturbative QCD?
September 26, 2007 28
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General scaling law of particle fragmentation• States that the ratio of a semi-inclusive cross
section to an inclusive cross section
• where M2, s and t are the Mandelstam variables for the missing mass squared, CMS energy squared and the momentum transfer squared between the particles a and c. PRD18(1978)204.
• Using EHS data, we have tested and verified the law in 12 reactions (DPF92) but only at fixed s.
• MIPP will test the law as a function of s and t for various particle types a, b, and c for beam energies between ~5 GeV/c and 120 GeV/c to unprecedented statistical and systematic accuracy in 36 reactions.
f a b c X
f a b c X
f M s t
f M s tMsubset subset
subset
( )
( )
( , , )
( , , )( )
2
22
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Particle fragmentation scaling law – EHS results
September 26, 2007 30
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Simulation of cosmic ray showers
• Existing data is sparse: