eye spy 972015

NSA SURVEILLANCE CIA IN SOUTH CHINA SEAS

WAR ON ISISPrinted and Published in Great Britain

NUMBER 97 2015 3.95

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2 EYE SPY INTELLIGENCE MAGAZINE 97 2015

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Osama Bin-Laden

VE DAY & THE D-DAY SPIES16

Eye Spy examines the controversialsubject of body language reading - and

why more and more intelligence andsecurity services are becoming less

reliant on expert opinion

BODY LANGUAGE

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Bizarre Intelligence Happenings

51

Ten secret London buildings associated with the longest day

US and BritishIntelligence set tocounter Russias

burgeoning propa-ganda empire bydrawing upon the

experiences and skillof their own past

masters of deception

INTELLIGENCE & PROPAGANDA

44

A VERY PUBLIC WAR A New Cold War?Radio PropagandaPast and Present

30

TRADECRAFT

ALLEGATIONS EXAMINED ON DEATH AND LIFESTYLE

A VERY PUBLIC WAR

CLASSIFIEDCLASSIFIED

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3EYE SPY INTELLIGENCE MAGAZINE 97 2015

6 Maya Plisetskaya 29 Kim Jong-Un 34 Winston Churchill39 Richard Dannatt 41 Jeffrey Sterling 44 Vladimir Putin

66 David Horner 74 William Friedman

EYE SPY is published eight times a year by Eye Spy Publishing Ltd. All rightsreserved. No part of EYE SPY may be reproduced by any means wholly or in part,

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H E A D L I N E R S

MAJOR CONTENT GUIDE

EYE SPY 97VOLUME XIII NUMBER ONE 2015 (ISSUE 97)ISSN 1364 8446 publication date: June 2015FRONT COVER MAIN IMAGE: TALISMANINTELLIGENCE PICTURE LIBRARY

I N T E L L I G E N C E C H O I C E

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11 SYRIAN SPY MYSTERYPresident Bashar al-Assads most senior spy disappears thenreappears as terror group ISIS take more ground in country

30 A VERY PUBLIC WARHow the intelligence world used radio as a propagandaweapon at the height of the Cold War

DERAILING IRANS N-BOMB PROJECT

34 GHOST STATIONSA look at a number of forgotten London train stations onceused by the government and intelligence world

6666

4 PERSONA NON GRATANATO rule change at Brussels headquarters means dozens ofRussian intelligence officials must depart

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22 DANGEROUS GAMES

7474

THE SILLY SEASON HAS ARRIVED

14 LETTERS OF BIN-LADENEye Spy examines a box of personal letters written byOsama-bin-Laden recently released by the USA

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Tensions rise in the South China Seas as Beijing moves militaryhardware and troops into disputed waters

51 STRANGE BUT TRUEA compilation of unusual events and happenings from theintelligence world that read more like fiction

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Oxford University has always been inextricably linked to BritishIntelligence. From one of the countrys leading places of learning, manya student has joined the ranks of MI6 and MI5. However, its newvice-chancellor, Louise Richardson, a counter-terrorism expert whoadvises the government on security issues, has caused controversy

amongst the intelligence community and American people.

Speaking at the British Councils Going Global conference in London, Richardson saidthis: America over-reacted to the 9/11 attacks. She went on to say that the British aremore resilient because they had to put up with the Troubles in Northern Ireland. Sorryto say, but the silly season must really have arrived early.

True, the British are incredibly resilient, but then so are the Americans. And thatresilience was not just born from coming through the years of terror attacks. HasRichardson forgotten two world wars, other conflicts and hardships?

As for the Americans over-reacting: 3000 people were murdered in less than two hours.Washington and the countrys people wanted those responsible to be brought to book.Hardly likely Osama bin-Laden would turn himself in or an Interpol Red Notice suffice.The former Harvard professor said the US response was because it was a newexperience for the people. Lest she forget - 9/11 was a new experience for ALL theworlds populace and nations.

MARK BIRDSALL, MANAGING EDITOR

FIRST WORD

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36 BLACK GOLDThe latest happenings and statistics in the war against ISIS asUS announces 10,000 terrorists have been killed this year

67 TURNING A BLIND EYEAs the fallout over Americas spying in Germany continues,allegations abound that Berlin actually aided some operations

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68 SECRETS OF CAMP-XMore enduring tidbits from the special Canadian WWII agenttraining ground, and news that a long forgotten London spysite has been located

61 THE SPIES HOTELPeter Matthews takes us inside one of the most famous hotelsin London. St. Ermins is inextricably linked to the world ofspies, but its history and genesis can be traced back 1,000years. Also a review of the 2015 Intelligence Book of the Year

41 OPERATION MERLIN

70 THE ASSASSINATION LIST egotiations with Iranover its nuclearprogramme seem

Mike MorellFormer Deputy Director CIA

Within weeks of the leaks, terrorist organisations around the world werealready starting to modify their actions in light of what Snowden disclosed. The

damage has already been significant and will continue to grow...

A report on a Russian businessman who suffered a suspectedheart attack states specialists found a rare poison in hisstomach. The disclosure comes as a US-based pro-democracyRussian is also targeted by a suspected poisoner

72 RIPPLES FROM NSA LEAKSA new study by a respected think tank reveals ISIS and otherterror groups have changed the way they communicate anduse the Internet. The report coincides with moves to stop NSAbulk collection of telephone numbers

deadlocked. A military striketo destroy certain sites is notlikely, thus, the Wests onlyoption is to continue toimpose sanctions. Yet theCIA warned of Irans ambi-tion 20 years ago, and in1999 a special operation codenamed MERLIN was initiated. As ittranspired the ambitious plot to feed Iran with flawed technical papersfailed. Eye Spy examines what happened next...

44 MOSCOW CALLINGPresident Putins clever use of Russias media as a propagandatool in the Ukraine crisis, has forced US and British Intelligenceto counter Moscows rhetoric

P02/03 8/6/15, 1:17 pm3

EYE SPY INTELLIGENCE MAGAZINE 97 20154

INTELLIGENCEREVIEWNEWSDIGEST

1zhokhar Tsarnaev, 21,the terrorist who alongwith his brotherTamerlan, detonated two

Boston Marathon BomberSentenced to Death

END GAME

n its biggest purge ofsuspected spies in decades,NATO has removed over 40Russian officials from itsBrusselss headquarters.

PERSONA NON GRATANATO Ruling Sees 40 Russian Spies

Exit Brussels Headquarters

Iorganisation in various roles, suchas liaisons, attaches and advisors.Intelligence sources believe manyof those departing have directlinks to the FSB, GRU and SVR -the three primary Russian spyagencies. The move comes at a

Alexander GrushkoThis amounts to 50% of Russiascontingent attached to the

time of increased tension betweenRussia and the West.

The spies departure came aboutfollowing a decision taken in Aprilby NATO members. The organisa-tion voted to limit the number ofaccredited non-NATO delegationsbased in Brussels to just 30personnel. However, confusionreigns for officials in Russia said itonly has 37 staffers in the NATObuilding. Either way, intelligencewatchers believe it is a deliberateaction to lessen Moscowsintelligence collection capabilityagainst NATO.

Another tightening of the rules - tostop eavesdropping - is that onlyfour Russians will be able to moveun-escorted and freely throughthe building: Alexander Grushko,ambassador to NATO, his deputy,secretary and driver.

NATO Secretary General JensStoltenberg denied the new rules

were introduced deliberately totarget the Russians. He alsospoke about the state of relationsbetween Moscow and NATO.With the Russians, we havedecided to suspend all practicalsupport but to maintain thechannels of political and militarydialogue, he said

NATOSecretaryGeneral

JensStoltenberg

Dcleverly made pressure cookerbombs near the finish line of the2013 Boston Marathon (CopleySquare), has been sentenced todeath. The resultant explosionskilled three people and injurednumerous others, several ofwhom lost limbs.

It was a surprising verdict, formany observers believed a lifesentence would be imposed.However, the prosecution

presented such a powerful caseagainst the terrorist, the jurybelieved no other verdict wouldsuffice.

P04/05 5/6/15, 3:19 pm2


An indication of the worseningrelations between NATO andRussia, is evidenced by thereintroduction of the directemergency telephone or hotline -this in the event of a militaryincident. Many defence expertsbelieve such a scenario isincreasingly likely as Russias AirForce continues to fly ever closer

to the airspace of NATO members.The latest incident occurred inMay near Estonia. Two RAFTyphoon fighters were called uponto intercept a Ilyushin IL-20 Cootspy plane as part of the Baltic AirPolicing mission. The overflighttook place as NATO forces wereconducting an exercise in thecountry.

Russian spy plane -Ilyushin IL-20 Coot

RAF Typhoon

Tsarnaevs solicitor Judy Clarke,had tried to present her client as avulnerable young man heavilyinfluenced by his brother. Thejurors were having none of it andsaid Dzhokhar was responsible forhis bomb. Similarly, throughoutthe case he showed no remorse -simply boredom. Another piece ofevidence shown at the trial alsodid him no good - when he

gestured to a CCTV camera in hiscourt holding cell.

Martin Richard, 8, Lingi Lu, 23and Krystle Campbell, 29 all diedfollowing the blast. A fourth victimof the Tsarnaevs was MIT policeofficer Sean Collier, 27 - shot deadby one of the terrorists. Tsarnaevwill be subjected to lethalinjection.

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Remembering the dead: candles are litin Copley Square, Boston

he European Court ofHuman Rights in Parishas ordered Poland topay around 150,000 to

CIAs Europe Black SitesControversy as Human Rights CourtAwards Al-Qaida Terrorists $250,000

Ttwo victims of the CIAs extraordi-nary rendition programme.According to the ruling, the CIAtortured the suspects at a knownCIA holding facility. That blacksite was near Szczytno-SzymanyInternational Airport.

The move is compoundedbecause the men are being held atGuantanamo Bay. Both have littlecontact with the outside world,and questions are being raisedhow the payment can be made.

Documents sourced from thecourt reveal the two men are Abdal-Rahim al-Nashiri and AbuZubaydah - held by US authoritiessince 2002. A Senate IntelligenceCommittee report notes thatZubaydah was waterboardedseveral times, deprived of sleepand harshly treated.

Al-Nashiri is the suspectedmastermind of the USS Colebombing in October 2000.

The CIA regards both men asdangerous and high profile al-Qaida terrorists.

Many Poles believe they shouldnot have to pay compensation foractions conducted by a foreignstate. Poland and the USAdeclined to comment regardingwhere the money will be sourced.

Polands Foreign MinisterGrzegorz Schetyna: Wewill abide by the ruling

Abu ZubaydahAbd al-Rahim al-Nashiri

17 US sailors diedin the attack on the

USS Cole

P04/05 5/6/15, 3:20 pm3


MayaPlisetskayaperforming

in SwanLake, 1966

A Dancing Spy?eleased records from a Moscowarchive delivered to MI6 reveal theKGB suspected Maya Plisetskaya, afamous Russian ballerina, wasR

almost certainly involved in a relationship withBritish diplomat John Morgan. Based at theUKs embassy in Moscow, Morgan wassurveilled driving the dancer to a forestoutside the city where they would enjoyamorous fun. This led to speculation shewas in fact a British spy.

Their relationship during the 1950s soconcerned the Kremlin that she was bannedfrom travelling abroad - just in case shedefected. Despite this, she did not try andleave the country, even when her ban waslifted in 1959 - unlike another famous dancerat the time - Rudolf Nureyev.

The suggestion of her being targeted by BritishIntelligence was found in the thousands of

papers heldat ChurchillCollegeknown asthe MitrokhinArchive. Onenote said:Plisetskayais believedto be aBritish spy.

Plisetskayasfamily werealso

regarded as enemies of Russia under

Joseph Stalin, and her diplomat father wasexecuted in 1938.

In her 2001 biography she wrote about herdealings with the KGB and suspected theRussians believed she was the new MataHari (Margaretha MacLeod). She of coursewas executed by the French in 1917 -accused of being a German spy. As for SirJohn Morgan, his first wife Fionn ONeill, wasactually the stepdaughter of MI6-NavalIntelligence Division man Ian Fleming.

Maya Plisetskaya died on 2 May 2015.President Putin with Maya

Plisetskaya at the Bolshoi Theatre

BALLERINA, DIPLOMAT AND A TENUOUS LINK TO 007

ontroversy surrounds adecision by GreenwichCouncil officials not toallow a memorial on the

Memorial Controversy

Mata Hari

CLee Rigby Marker Refused by Greenwich Council

site where terrorists brutallymurdered trooper Lee Rigby onthe streets of London in May

2013. Rigby, 25, was struck by avehicle and then stabbed to deathclose to Woolwich Barracks.

Senior councillors claimed it couldincite vandalism. Even localpolitician Nick Raynsford,

opposed the idea. He toldcampaigners for the memorial,that it would not in my view behelpful because it might attractundesirable interest from extrem-ists. More upset for those whowant to erect a marker followed,when council leader, ChrisRoberts, allegedly told mournersto leave Woolwich, adding We donot want you here.

Greenwich officials state there areplans to build two separate

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The splendid tribute to LeeRigby in Middleton MemorialGardens, Greater Manchester

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former French ForeignLegion soldier hasbeen identified as thechief suspect in the

THE PERFECT CRIME?ANew Twist in 2012 Alps Killing Mystery

2012 murders of Saad al-Hilli, aBritish Iraq-born satellite engineer,and members of his family in theAlps. French cyclist SylvainMollier was also gunned down.Unfortunately for police andprosecutors, the soldier, PatriceMenegaldo, took his own life inJune 2014. But he left a clue.

The brutal killing of al-Hilli andMollier led to a wave of con-spiracy theories, not leastbecause no-one really knew whothe primary intended victim was...and why. Twenty five bullets werefired at al-Hillis car and Mollierwas struck seven times. Not thetrademark of a professionalassassin claim some.

Menegaldo was amongst severalpeople interviewed as a witnessafter the shootings. And it hasnow transpired that he was an

acquaintance of Molliers partner- Claire Schutz.

The back story, or implicationhere, is that Mollier was the realtarget. Daily Mirror reporter TomParry, has written a new book -The Perfect Crime, which providesa much needed overview andchronology of this strange event.Parry interviewed State prosecutorEric Maillaud, who acknowledgedMenegaldo wrote a letter beforekilling himself. He couldnt handlebeing considered a suspect, saidMaillaud. We are talking about ahardened ex-soldier, someoneused to using a gun, suddenlysaying he couldnt deal with being

Eric Maillaud

memorials for all fallen membersof the armed forces and civilianswho have died as a result ofmilitary action. This will be placedin St Georges chapel gardendirectly opposite the WoolwichBarracks.

The bizarre decision by thecouncil is in vast contrast to thattaken by their counterparts inRigbys home town of Middleton.Earlier this year a splendidmemorial was unveiled. Rochdale

counsellor Peter Williams said: Itis very important that we honourhim in a respectful way. Thememorial features a bronze drumreflecting both his musical abilityand his role in the British Army.

EDITORS NOTE: Greenwich is anarea rich in military history andtradition. However, for the councilnot to allow a simple marker forLee Rigby, is in my opinion, thewrong decision. Such markerscan be found in various locations,and I cant find a distinction herebetween Lee Rigbys murder andthe brutal slaying of YvonneFletcher. The police officer wasshot dead by a Libyan terrorist in1984. A splendid memorialhonouring WPC Fletcher has beenin situ outside the former LibyanPeoples Bureau in St JamessSquare, for the best part of fourdecades. Shame on GreenwichCouncil.

Memorial to WPCYvonne Fletcher

Drawing of suspect

thought of as a suspect. Theinvestigators are still digging intothis man. He had psychologicalproblems. Could it, by chance,have been him? Did he regret hisactions afterwards and take hisown life? Otherwise it is aninexplicable suicide.

Tom Parry - new research

ason Rezaian (right), TheWashington Posts Tehrancorrespondent, hasappeared before a revolu-

Iran CounterpunchTehran mischief linked to nuclear talks

Jtionary court in Iran, charged withespionage and other seriouscrimes including spreadingpropaganda. Rezaian, who holdsjoint American-Iranian citizenship,was detained last July along with his wife Yeganeh Salehi (now released)and two other journalists. The newsman is being represented by solicitorLeila Ahsan, who it is said was not his lawyer of choice.

Iranian prosecutors claim he has been performing espionage and collectinginformation on foreign and domestic policy issues. Observers note as ajournalist, the latter falls under his remit. However, the indictment is muchharsher. He faces charges of securing confidential information, spreadingpropaganda against the country and collaborating with governments hostileto Iran. Equally as worrying, the judge overseeing the case is AbolghassemSalavati. He has a reputation for handing down extremely tough sentences.

The Washington Posts executive editor, Martin Baron, dismissed anywrong doing and condemned the shameful acts of injustice, facing hisreporter. The newspaper also carried the following statement on its web

site: No evidence hasever been produced byprosecutors or the courtto support these absurdcharges. The trial datewas only disclosed toJasons lawyer lastweek (May 2015). Andnow, unsurprisingly butunforgivably, it turns outthe trial will be closed.

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Iranian President Hassan Rouhani

P06/07 5/6/15, 3:34 pm3


he FBI has soughtguidance from a numberof aviation electronicexperts after a cybersecurity consultant

Aeroplane Hacking

T

Did a Cyber Expert ReallyManipulate a Civilian Airliners

Flight Characteristics?

claimed he had manipulated theflight characteristics of an airliner.Chris Roberts was detained inApril after he posted a number ofmessages on Twitter. These

referenced a United Airlines flighthe took to New York and hacking.

Roberts told investigators he hadmanaged to infiltrate the in-flightentertainment system of theairliner. He explained that between2011 and 2014, he overwrotecode which enabled him to send aCLB, (climb command). The FBI

said this resulted in one engineclimbing and the aircraft movingin a sideways motion.

Roberts said he was aware of thevulnerabilities of three Boeing andone Airbus model. He named theentertainment systems on board -manufactured by Thales andPanasonic.

Boeing specialists are notconvinced by Roberts claims,noting its entertainment systemsare isolated from flight andnavigation systems. A companyspokesperson said: It is worthnoting that Boeing airplanes havemore than one navigationalsystem available to pilots. No

changes to the flight plans loadedinto the airplane systems can takeplace without pilot review andapproval. In addition, othersystems, multiple securitymeasures and flight deck operat-ing procedures help ensure safeand secure airplane operations.

For its part, the FBI seized severalof Roberts computers and otherelectronic media.

The subject of external or thirdparty aeroplane and tower control(interference), is a highly emotiveand sensitive subject. Cybersecurity experts continue to insistit is not beyond the realms ofpossibility.

Chris Roberts

UAV STRIKES REMOVES AQAP LEADERSmissile fired by a US-controlled UAV on 21April, has killed a leadingal-Qaida terrorist who

claimed responsibility for authoris-

ing the attack on the offices ofFrench satirical magazine - CharlieHebdo in Paris - 7 January 2015.

Al-Qaida confirmed his death on 7May. Nasser bin Ali al-Ansi, basedin Yemen, was a prominent figurein Al-Qaida in the Arab Peninsula(AQAP). In recent weeks, USSpecial Forces departed the al-Anad military base due to anupsurge in fighting. However,operations flown by armed UAVshave intensified.

On 14 January 2015, al-Ansiappeared in a video commentingabout events in Paris. He also

Acalled for similar lone wolf attacksto take place in Britain, America,Canada and Western countries.

Reports suggest the terror leader,who has fought in varioustheatres including Bosnia,Afghanistan and the Philippines,was killed alongside his 18-year-old son whilst driving a vehicle.

Al-Ansis demise follows quicklyon the heels of another celebrityAQAP fighter. Ibrahim Sulaymanal-Rubaish, a former inmate atGuantanamo Bay. He had beenreleased in 2006 but quicklyreturned to his former fighting

associates. Al-Rubaish was killedon or about 14 April following anunconfirmed US air strike near AlMukalla in Yemen.

Nasser bin Ali al-Ansi

IbrahimSulaymanal-Rubaish

P08/09 5/6/15, 3:47 pm2


report written and almost finalisedby Russian opposition politicianBoris Nemtsov, before he wasassassinated in Moscow inFebruary, has been finished and

PUTIN. WAR: PAY BACKAssassinated Opposition PoliticiansReport Exposes Kremlin Mischief as

GRU Agents Captured in Ukraine

Apublished. As expected, it contradictsPresident Putins claims of no Russianmilitary interference in eastern Ukraine.Nemtsovs co-authors claim at least 220Russian troops have died fighting alongsideseparatists in Ukraine. This supports NATOs

assertion that Russian military forces werekey to the separation of much of easternUkraine. The Kremlin has insisted throughoutthe conflict that its armed forces have notbeen operational in the country.

Ilya Yashin, a close friend of Nemtsov whohelped write the report said: The evidenceprovided by sources with whom Nemtsovbegan his work allows us to assert that all thekey military successes of the separatists were

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Mikhail Kasyanov picturedat an opposition rally

The captured GRU men said they were members of OSCEs SpecialMonitoring Mission to Ukraine seen here observing heavy weaponry

Ukraines National Security andDefense Council (NSDC) has postednumerous photographs and names ofRussian troops fighting in the country

alongside separatists

secured by units of the Russian Army. The64-page document called Putin. War, alsonotes that Russian mercenaries were beinghired and paid by the regular armed forces tohelp in the fighting. A paragraph reads: Wehave gathered exhaustive evidence of thepresence of the Russian armed forces on theterritory of Ukraine, and of groups of merce-naries who are recruited, financed and sent toUkraine in order to take part in the hostilities.

The authors also claim that Russia maintains astatic force of 10,000 soldiers in the country.

A plethora of aerial reconnaissance imagerysecured by NATO and Western intelligenceservices, reveal that Russian armed forces,including battle tanks, have made severalmajor incursions into Ukraine. The Putin. Warreport supports this intelligence, notingdeployment of Pantsir S1 anti-aircraft missilebatteries and T-73B3 battle tanks.

Before he was killed near the Kremlin,Nemtsov was to join and help organise protestmarches against Russian intervention inUkraine.

P08/09 7/6/15, 12:59 pm3


Ukraines National Security and DefenseCouncil (NSDC) has revealed details of itsnew Chief Situation Centre. A real-timemonitoring site which can track militaryclashes and allows officials to respondaccordingly. The centre, established inJanuary 2015, receives intelligence fromvarious internal and foreign organisations,including NATO

Mikhail Kasyanov, a former prime minister toPresident Vladimir Putin, accused the Krem-lins propaganda machine of creating anatmosphere of hatred, against Nemtsov. Thishe believes will backfire - but not beforePutins has caused colossal politicaldamage to Russia.

Though a ceasefire has been in place sinceFebruary, incidents of fighting continue.

As for Putin. War, activist Vsevolod Chagaevpublished a letter he allegedly received fromPayPal in connection with donations for thepublishing of the report. He said the Internetcompany had blocked the account forpolitical reasons. PayPal allegedly wrote:This is related to the fact that PayPal does notallow use of its system to collect donationsfor political goals in Russia.

RUSSIAN GRU AGENTS CAPTURED

Ukraines National Security and DefenseCouncil (NSDC) has released testimony fromtwo men captured by its security forces thatthey are Russian soldiers. The announcementpiles more pressure on President Putin whohas dismissed NATO reports that thousands ofRussian troops continue to assist separatistsin the country.

After being confronted by Ukraine troops inthe east of the country, the men initially saidthey were members of the OSCEs (Organisa-tion for Security Co-operation in Europe)Special Monitoring Mission to Ukraine. It latertranspired they were soldiers, YevgenyAlexandrov and Sergeant AlexanderAlexandrov attached to 3rd Guards SpecialBrigade based in Tolyatti, Russia.

Alexandrov features on a video saying he hadbeen performing anti-terrorist duties since 10March 2015, under the direction of his captain- Alexandrov.

PROPAGANDA

Moscow responded saying the men wereformer soldiers and demanded their immediate

NEW INTELLIGENCE CENTRENSDC

SecretaryOleksandrTurchynov

return. It alsoaccused Kiev ofblatant propa-ganda.

Eye Spyunderstands thebrigade fallsunder Russiaspowerful GRU(Main Intelli-gence Directo-rate).

Coinciding withthe incident, anti-intervention supporters inRussia produced photographs they claimshow the graves of two other GRU officerskilled in the fighting.

Anti-intervention protest march inMoscow, September 2014

Ukraine Special ForcesReconnaissance Unit in

training

P10/11 5/6/15, 4:01 pm2


ormer CIA DeputyDirector Michael Morellhas launched a fierceattack against disgracedNSA contractor Edward

SNOWDEN, ISIS AND AL-QAIDA

FEx-CIA Official Warns of Grave Consequences

Snowden. Morell, who retiredfrom Langley in 2013, but nowworks as a security correspond-ent for CBS News, said theleaking of intelligence files bySnowden has undoubtedly

threatened US security. Similarly,he links the rapid growth of ISISwith the event - noting that severalkey electronic sources used byagencies such as the NSA tomonitor ISIS communicationssuddenly dried up.

Morell believes that by exposingintercept methods, ISIS quicklylearned which platforms to avoid,

and how best to transmit andreceive information.

Within weeks of the leaks,terrorist organisations around theworld were already starting tomodify their actions in light ofwhat Snowden disclosed, saidMorell. The damage has alreadybeen significant and will continueto grow, he added.

Morells attack effectively ends allhope for Snowden that he can

Michael Morell

Former CIA Deputy Director Michael Morell saidbecause of Snowdens actions, he would not be

surprised to read of an airliner attack

return to the United States and notface serious charges. For severalmonths his legal advisors havetried to broker a deal whereby ifhe returned of his own free will,the charges would be lessened.

Morells words seem at odds withwhat he said in 2013: It is agood thing for an organisation orcommunity organisation, to scrubthemselves [down] and to take ahard look at what they are doing.

As for the emergence of ISIS andthe expanding reach of al-Qaida,Morell said he would not besurprised to learn of an Americanairliner being brought down by al-Qaida, nor an ISIS attack at a [US]shopping centre.Edward Snowden

SYRIAN SPY MYSTERYControversy still surrounds the disappearance

and then reappearance of Syrias top spy

Mamlouk is pictured immediately to al-Assads left - a photoreleased to counter claims of a fallout and disarray in the country

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n early May, newswiresreported that one of Syriasleading intelligence officialshad been placed under houseI

arrest. This followed an allegedundercover liaison with oppositionforces and Turkish Intelligence.

Lt. General Ali Mamlouk, head ofthe National Security Bureau

(NSB) was suspected of plottingwith rebel forces again PresidentBashar al-Assad. Mamlouk hadbeen communicating with TurkishIntelligence through an intermedi-ary, a government official said.That was not the real reason,

according to a number ofintelligence watchers. Somebelieve he has far too muchpower and is privy to intimate andcontroversial secrets surroundingthe president. The 69-year-oldwas said to be unhappy with

Syrias liaison with its closest ally- Iran.

However, on 15 May, Mamlouksurfaced again. A photographreleased by Syrias state newsagency showed him sitting rightnext to President al-Assad andother leading officials: andinterestingly, next to AlaeddinBoroujerdi, Irans ambassadorand chairman of the countrysnational security committee. Thisseems to dispel the story thatMamlouk had fallen out with Iran.

Mamlouk is well known to the CIAand it is believed a back-channelto the NSB was created in order tocounter the rise of terroristfactions before the recent conflict.Lt. General Ali Mamlouk

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P10/11 5/6/15, 4:01 pm3


London man has been jailed for lifein connection with the murder of aUS soldier in Baghdad, September2007. Sergeant Randy Johnson,34, was killed by a roadside bomb

THE BOMBMAKERSClues Secured at Scene of 2007 Iraq IED

Attack Lead to Downfall of a British Terrorist

Abuilt by Anis Abid Sardar, who was fightingAmerican, British and Iraq government forcesin the insurgency which followed the removalof Saddam Hussein.

Sardar, originally from India, said he gotinvolved simply to protect the Sunni commu-nity, but his excuse was rejected by the court.Judge Justice Globe said: I am satisfied thatat the material time of the offences you had amindset that made Americans every bit theenemy as Shia militias. Both were in yourcontemplation at all times. His bombs weredescribed as professionally built and ineffect landmines.

Johnson, a family man with two youngchildren, was inside a Stryker vehicle with anumber of colleagues when it clattered intopressure plate bombs to the west of Baghdad.Several of his colleagues were seriouslyinjured. The Crown Prosecution Service (CPS)presented a diagram in court showing wherethe trooper was standing when detonationoccurred. He took the full force of the blast.Other IEDs made by Sardar were discoveredand safely removed by US troops on a roadlinking the city to Abu Ghraib Prison, wheremany terrorists, insurgents and militants werebeing held.

Sardar returned to the UK two months afterthe incident, but was stopped by UK securityofficials at Heathrow Airport. Here he had hisfingerprints taken. And then five years later in

Sergeant Randy Johnson

TEDAC researchhelped bring one of

the killers of SergeantRandy Johnson to

justice

Anis Sardar

Stryker armouredpersonnel carrier

a totally separate investigation in 2012, policediscovered an Arab-language bombmakingmanual and various extremist material on aCD. The document was entitled: A SpecialCourse in Manufacturing Explosives. He hadbeen working as a taxi driver for a year.

At first Sardar brushed aside any link with IEDmanufacture, claiming he had been in

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TEDACs Intelligence Unit is composed ofanalysts from the FBI, Department of Defense,and the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms,and Explosives. The analysts are integral infinding key intelligence that connectsTEDACs forensic examination of IEDs withpast bomb events, connecting bombmakersand devices. The intelligence analystsproduce detailed reports for use by USsecurity and military personnel in theatres ofengagement, law enforcement partners, andbomb technicians worldwide. For example,TEDAC has shared 37,000 latent prints withpartner agencies since its formation in 2003.

Using their extensive knowledge of theglobal IED threat, analysts also work topredict the nature of possible future attacks,moving analysis from the retrospective realminto predictive analysis. Such analysisenables the government to focus on newthreats and develop countermeasures or newdetection techniques - thereby addressingsecurity and intelligence gaps to furtherprotect the homeland, overseas troops andforeign partners.

FBI Terrorist ExplosiveDevice Analytical Center

TEDAC

Sajjad Adnan

Damascus studying Arabic. But the prosecu-tion had a surprise for him. US forensic andsecurity people had carefully saved the piecesof the 2007 bombs. And more importantly,experts from the FBIs Terrorist ExplosiveDevice Analytical Center (TEDAC) found hisfingerprints on two fragments. The FBI alsodiscovered fingerprints from Sardars bomb-making associate, Sajjad Adnan. Sardar then

admitted that two of four devices found on theBaghdad road were his.

As for Adnan, he was detained shortly afterthe incident by Iraq Police, his fate remainsunclear.

Sue Hemming from the Crown ProsecutionService said the decision showed internationalborders were no barrier to terrorists in the UKbeing prosecuted for murder committedanywhere in the world.

Judge Globe said Sardar must serve aminimum of 38 years in prison. Britishsecurity and intelligence officials supportedthe decision and hoped it would serve as botha warning and deterrent to the 1,000 UKnationals now fighting with ISIS and al-Qaidain Iraq, Syria and north Africa.

Iraq 2007. One ofSardars IEDs

in situ

Sergeant Randy Johnsons (redfigure) position in the Stryker

Evidencepresented by

the CPS

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CIA and Pentagon release documents retrievedfrom terror leaders compound in Abbottabad.

Papers reveal Osama bin-Ladens hatred ofAmerica continued until his death in May 2011

OSAMA BIN-LADEN

THE LETTERS OF

our years ago a combined USSpecial Forces and intelligenceelement killed the worlds mostwanted man. Now documentationhas been released by the Office ofthe Director of National IntelligenceF

Wondered if US Intelligencewould ever find him...

(ODNI), via Langley and the Pentagon, thatreveals a frustrated man who genuinelybelieved he maintained control over the al-Qaida terror group.

Thousands of files discovered on variouselectronic media were recovered, and dozensof boxes containing books, letters, docu-ments, films and even registration forms foral-Qaida recruits were secured. These havebeen studied and analysed for the best part offour years, and undoubtedly what has beenreleased is just the tip of the iceberg. Materialswhich provide corridors for exploration and

investigation are not even being discussed byWashingtons intelligence elite.

The so-called Letters of Osama bin-Laden,mischievously dubbed Bin Ladins Bookshelfby the ODNI, show even close to the day ofhis death, he wanted to attack America and itsway of life. A note says: The focus should be

on killing and fighting the American peopleand their representatives.

That he was still managing to retain a liaisonwith various al-Qaida groups is also evident.He called upon members of al-Qaida in theIslamic Maghreb (AQIM) to fight the obnox-ious tree (America). Bin-Laden advised thatby attacking US embassies and its oilcompanies across north Africa, this woulddent the United States economy.

Analysts note he was knowledgeable in hisstudy of history. A letter considers the VietnamWar: he wrote that if ever there was proof thata small nation can defeat a larger one - thiswar provided it. A document contains a line

When US forces entered Afghanistan to find Osama bin-Laden in 2001, few people would have thought it would

take a decade to find him

A US trooperand his

translator inAfghanistan

P14/15 5/6/15, 4:31 pm2


This image taken of Osama bin-Laden prior to 9/11, contains three elements noted byintelligence watchers that add up to little more than a well crafted propaganda

photograph. Firstly the books. These show him as a wise and educated man. Thesecond - the gun; deliberately placed to reflect him as a warrior. As for the micro-

phone - this represents communication - a tool whereby his followers will always haveaccess to his lectures, beliefs and instructions

Above: A USAF airstrike on Tora Boralate 2011. When bin-Laden escapedfrom the area, he believed it was anomen. Some historians have likenedthis and his mindset to another great

escape. On 20 July 1944, an assassina-tion attempt was made against AdolfHitler at the Wolfs Lair. The bombfailed to kill him and he too believed

this was divine intervention

THE UNTOUCHABLES

On 20 May 2015, the ODNI released asizeable tranche of documents recoveredduring the raid on the compound used tohide Osama bin-Laden. The release, whichfollowed a rigorous inter-agency review,aligns with the Presidents call for increasedtransparency - consistent with nationalsecurity prerogatives - and the 2014Intelligence Authorisation Act, whichrequired the ODNI to conduct a review ofthe documents for release.

The Intelligence Community will bereviewing hundreds more documents in thenear future for possible declassification andrelease. An inter-agency taskforce underthe auspices of the White House and withthe agreement of the DNI is reviewing alldocuments which supported disseminatedintelligence cables, as well as other relevantmaterial found around the compound. Alldocuments whose publication will not hurtongoing operations against al-Qaida or itsaffiliates will be released.

ODNI STATEMENT

about covert bugs continued: he ordered oneof his wives who had travelled from Iran toremove all her clothes and check her baggageagain - just in case the CIA had concealed alistening or tracking device.

Bin-Laden often thought of his family and justmonths before he was killed, hoped his son,Hamza, would take over from him as leader ofAQ. Hamza, had received training in weaponsand explosives handling, according torecovered documents. Other dated documentsreveal that he had wanted Hamzas elderbrother Saad to become leader. He however,was killed in a UAV missile strike in 2009. Andbin-Laden makes reference to this and his fearof UAVs.

about his assessment of the war: Kill enoughAmericans and they will withdraw.

Bin-Laden warned that too many al-Qaidafighters were dying because they failed tofollow protocol. SIM cards were not beingswitched, the Internet was being usedincorrectly, vehicles were easily identified.

He recognised the power of the Wests spytradecraft and reflected on how US Intelligenceand its Special Forces may one day find him -his fear of capture and spying was veryevident in his mind. A note says: Small chipshave been developed for eavesdropping thatthey could fit into a syringe. Evidenceperhaps that he was frightened of exposure bybogus medical health charities providing careand inoculation against decease. His paranoia LINKS: www.dni.gov

James ClapperDirector of the

Office of NationalIntelligence

P14/15 5/6/15, 4:31 pm3

CLASSIFIED


In May, political and military leaders gathered at the Cenotaph in

Whitehall to commemorate the 70th anniversary of Victory in

Europe Day. To mark this event, Eye Spy draws upon a number

of relevant files on D-Day in our forthcoming book - Classified:The Insiders Guide to 500 Spy Sites in London, to examine

some of the locations used by various spies, staffers, officials

and special people who helped defeat the Nazis in WWII...

THE SECRET HEROES& The D-Day Spies

VE DAYVE DAY& The D-Day Spies

hough the VE eventreflected upon the gallantpeople who made theultimate sacrifice andothers who suffered duringsix years of war, there areT

many people whose work was so secret thattheir bravery, bravado and occasionally foolishbehaviour remain classified. Eye Spy re-searchers have spent years searching thearchives and discussing wartime operationswith historians, with a focus on intelligencematters and the addresses they used,especially in London.

Though the work of many leading wartimeoperatives has been preserved in numerousbooks, films, documentaries etc.., there are

still hundreds of locations associated withsuch characters that remain unknown.

And naturally, our overview begins withespionage - and some of the agents andoperatives affectionately dubbed the D-DaySpies...

THE VILLAIN ANDSAFECRACKER

ne of the most controversial wartimedouble agents was Eddie Chapman -agent Zig Zag to the British or Fritz to the

1.OAbwehr. He was a flamboyant career criminal,expert safecracker and a man who lovedsociety women and blackmail. His reputationas a London gangster was well known and he

participated in several high profile break-ins.Chapman used a garage as a safe house andon one occasion blew up a safe at the sitewhilst trying to gain access. However, the oldsaying needs must appear to have takenpreference over his dubious background andthe British recruited him. He later foundhimself on Jersey where he was jailed forburglary. Not liking his prison surroundings,when the Germans invaded the island,Chapman agreed to spy for the Abwehr inreturn for his freedom.

By 1944, he was no longer in the employ ofMI5. After the war he wrote two books abouthis activities which broke the Official SecretsAct. Chapmans works were eventuallypublished in the 1950s.

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MI6 spy Eddie Chapman used a safehouse on this street as a lock-up for his ill-gotten gains. One evening he blew-up a safeon the road to gain entry - no doubt attracting the attention of his neighbours!

1.1.

THE FABLED CLOCK HOUSE2.

B orn in Yugoslavia, Dusan Dusko Popovcodenamed Tricycle, had been recruitedinto German Intelligence by a friend,Johann Johny Jebsen who invited Popov tojoin him at the Abwehr. In time and via anassociate, Popov offered his services up toBritish Intelligence after making contact withMI6s Passport Control Office.

Whilst in London, Popov lived at a safehousecalled Clock House. Several other leadingspies also stayed here. For decades the

location of this legendary building has avoideddetection. However, after a tip-off from aformer intelligence woman Eye Spy finallyfound the building. As for his odd codename,this was afforded him by MI6 due to hispreference for three in a bed sex sessions.

Dusan Dusko Popov

OPERATIONMINCEMEAT3.

O

2.2.

ne of the greatest military intelligencedeception operations of WWII wascodenamed Mincemeat. The 1943 ruse

involved the depositing of a dead Britishofficer in waters off the shore of neutral Spainwhere it would fall into the hands of GermanIntelligence. On the body of Major Martin theGermans found all manor of personal itemsand very convincing plans for the invasion ofItaly. Of course the location was false.

One of the main Naval Intelligence Divisionmen behind the operation was Lt. CommanderEwen Montagu. He met frequently with hisassociates from Mincemeat at his home todevelop the plan. After the war, he wrote the

Lt. Commander Ewen Montagu

3.3. Lt. Commander EwenMontagu lived hereP16/17 5/6/15, 4:45 pm3

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4.

famous book, The Man Who Never Was,based upon Operation Mincemeat. The realidentity of Martin was Glyndwr Michael, analcoholic and vagrant from Wales. He had diedbecause of his lifestyle. Interestingly, thephoto used on Martins military identificationcard found by the Germans was MI5 officerRonnie Reed who looked very similar. Reedwas also the spy handler of Eddie Chapman.

he mind-boggling attention to detail onitems recovered by the Germans onMartins corpse can be found in various

4.

MINCEMEAT ANDTHE LAWYER4.

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of one of the D-Day spies. After the war thehandler rejoined his colleagues at his formerwork place. It transpired he had used letter-headed paper from his own firm! No surpriseeither that the solicitors office was within afew minutes walk of the former MI5 and MI6recruiting and gentlemens clubs of Pall Mall,including the Athenaeum, Carlton and RAC.

THE ACCIDENTALSPY?5.

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5.5.

istorians recognise that the primaryobjective of MI6s British SecurityCoordination may have been to get the

1946. Sir William Stephenson - head ofthe BSC receives Americas highest

civilian award - the Presidential Medalfor Merit, from OSS chief William

Donovan

United States to enter the war, but it helpedspies and other organisations such as theSpecial Operations Executive (SOE). The BSCdrew on the experience of all manner of

persons, including military specialists,tacticians, actors, singers, authors and evenmagicians, occultists, spiritualists etc. OneLondon-based man, who once worked with H.G. Wells, a key member of Britains WWIpropaganda bureau Wellington House, wastasked with preparing the exacting characteris-tics of animal dung from different parts of theworld. The reason? British spies would usethe dung as dead letter drops... and the SOE toconceal mines. Thus the dung had to be veryaccurate and authentic to the country ofoperations. The identity of this mysterycharacter and his further work for BritishIntelligence is revealed in the book.

A PLACE OFCONTEMPLATION6.

L ike Stephenson, another Canadian-bornoperative utilised by British Intelligenceand the BSC was William Maxwell Aitken(Lord Beaverbrook), owner of the then

letters discussing his personal affairs. Eye Spyfocused on a particular note containing a legaladdress. It was actually written by a controller

P18/19 5/6/15, 4:59 pm2


CLASSIFIED


powerful Daily Express. He had played apivotal role as Minister of Information in WWI.In WWII Beaverbrook was called upon again toserve as a minister for disinformation. Thenewspaper man held secret meetings withWinston Churchill and various other membersof British Intelligence at one magnificent houseto discuss and plan future operations.

LordBeaverbrook

6.6.

D-DAY BEHINDCLOSED WALLS7.

O ne top secret meeting place whereofficials met with the D-Day spies canstill be found in London. Besides hostingmeetings for the spies, this walled locationsaw social gatherings of other intelligenceofficers from MI5 and MI6 including DavidLiddell, Victor Rothschild, Anthony Blunt, DickWhite, Kim Philby and Tim Milne!

7.7.

SCHOOLS ANDNURSERIES8.

D uring the build-up to D-Day, severalbuildings were used by MI6 and SOE astraining schools. Many can still be foundin London, especially those attached to theSOE and OSS. Within, all manner of tradecraftwas taught, including concealment methods,photography and even a rudimentary form ofsign language. One of the busiest and mostsecret could be found on Palace Street.

lvira de la Fuente Chaudoir - codenameBronx was the daughter of a Peruviandiplomat who grew up in Paris. She had

THE SPY WHOGAMBLED9.

Ebeen recruited by MI6s Claude Dansey whoexplained she would be assigned a missionthat meant returning to France in 1942. InParis, and just like Dansey, the Abwehrthought her Peruvian status could be useful;she was thereafter recruited and returned to

P18/19 5/6/15, 4:59 pm3

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MOSCOWMYSTERY10.

T hroughout our researches for the book,Eye Spy naturally came across bits ofinformation that just didnt make sense,

8.8.

9.9.

Elvira de la Fuente Chaudoir -codename Bronx lived here

Palace Street - site of anold MI6 training school

10.10.

England as a German spy - thus becoming adouble agent and a D-Day spy.

Chaudoir loved gambling and clubbing, a factrecognised by both her employers. As D-Dayapproached, she reported back to Berlin, andunder MI6 instruction, explained she hadoverheard conversations from drunken guestsabout British troop movements and fabricatedrumours of advanced weaponry, includingelectric-powered canoes. This was deemedaccurate by the Abwehr and helped keepdivisions of German troops away from the reallanding points of Normandy.

certain facts had been changed for reasonsunknown.

One fascinating file concerns a well knownfemale Russian spy who would later work withmembers of the notorious Cambridge spyring. She lived in London, but would laterreturn to Moscow. Historical books andarchive papers on intelligence state she diedand was laid to rest in Moscow. However, wediscovered a British document that categori-cally notes where she was living at the time ofher death... the same residence of a very wellknown D-Day spy! Indeed, she passed awayin a London hospital. The inference being shewas a double agent after all - working for MI6.The identity of this famous spy is revealed inthe book.

P20/21 5/6/15, 5:08 pm2


Classified: The Insiders Guide to 500 Spy Sites in London provides visitors to the UKs capital with a unique opportunity to journey to places that are foreverembedded in the citys fantastic spylore. Also included are many forgotten sites where spies from around the world have conducted their own secret war with MI5and MI6. Service headquarters, covert hiding places, secret front companies, agent training locations, mail opening centres, underground venues, safe houses,dead letter drop sites and the darker side of this fascinating cloak and dagger world are explored, including assassination and murder most strange. Theres alsoa splendid candid commentary about the history of Britains Secret Service from its inception in 1909 to the present day.

This informative work produced by the editorial team of Eye Spy Intelligence Magazine reveals Londons enduring liaison with the world of espionage. Anilluminated history of secret spy games, tradecraft and treachery hosted by one of the greatest cities in the world... indeed, the spy capital of the world!

intelligence service headquarters branch locations operations andplanning centres watcher surveillance residences front companies

interrogation rooms special spy training schools equipment centres spy and spy chief residences branch locations dead letter drops

covert agent meeting points safe houses notorious spy residences spy recruitment locations entertainment and clubs codebreaking

buildings assassins garages and lock-ups honeytraps plots disguises strange twists of fate heroes villains

Full colour throughout 500+ pages with complete index Over 1,900 photographs 1,000 specially commissioned images

EYE SPY READERS PLEASE NOTEFull order/purchase details will appear inthe next edition of Eye Spy. A limitednumber of first edition signed copies willbe available. For order details and/orreserve your copy please visit:

www.eyespymag.com/500spysites

Or call/write to Eye Spy. Dont miss out!

LARGE FORMAT210mm x 270mm!Classified: The Insiders Guide to500 Spy Sites in LondonPlus 250 Associated London Intelligence LocationsIncorporating highlights and significant momentsof over 100 Years of British Secret Service 1909-2015

P20/21 5/6/15, 5:09 pm3


Sea GamesConfrontation Between US and Chinese Military

DANGEROUS

As Japan continues to ponder thecreation of a foreign intelligenceservice, the US Department ofDefense acknowledged a Navy

spy plane had flown over parts of the disputedSouth China Seas. The P-8 Poseidon surveil-lance platform overflew a reef where Chinesedefence contractors are building an airfield.Once operational, Chinas armed forces will bedifficult to dislodge. A CNN film crew had beeninvited onto the flight, and confirmed aPeoples Liberation Army Navy vessel radioedthe US aircraft and told them to please goaway to avoid confrontation. A Chinesesecurity expert said: This is very dangerous...a violation of Chinese sovereignty. But the USis confident China will not respond because ofits broader economic interests.

Befittingly, the spy plane then flew over thedisputed Mischief Reef where in February,

China controversially began dredging sur-rounding waters. This action resulted in anumber of countries protesting to Beijing.Tensions were further heightened in late May:China held a ceremony for the opening of newlighthouses in the disputed waters surround-ing the Huayang and Chigua Reef.

Japan and the United States have becomeincreasingly concerned by Chinas militarybuild-up in the region, and the deployment ofadvanced naval vessels. Senior US militaryofficials have requested that the White Houseapprove plans to send warships to the region.Analysts believe a military incident or confron-tation is inevitable.

CV-22 OSPREY SQUADRON TO BESTATIONED IN JAPAN

A few days before the pre-announced P-8surveillance flight, plans to station a specialoperations squadron of CV-22 Osprey aircraftat Yokota Air Base in Japan were confirmed.The first three Ospreys will arrive in thesecond half of 2017 with an additional sevenaircraft scheduled to arrive by 2021.

The deployment of tilt-rotor aircraft willprovide increased capability for US SpecialOperations forces to respond quickly to eventsin Japan and across the Asia-Pacific region,including humanitarian crises and naturaldisasters. The DOD said the move will helpinteroperability, enhance operational coopera-tion, and promote stronger defense relationswith the Japan Self-Defense Forces.

Interestingly, the move coincided withpublication of a DOD report to Congress titled:Military and Security Developments Involvingthe Peoples Republic of China 2015. The100-page report is packed with informationnoting Chinas burgeoning armed forces andcapabilities.

As for the unusual CV-22 Osprey, aviationspecialists note it is a highly advanced andversatile aircraft with unique capabilities andhas an excellent operational safety record.

CV-22 Osprey

US Navy P-8Poseidon

P22/23 5/6/15, 5:21 pm2


BODY LANGUAGETRADECRAFT

Eye Spy examines the controversial subjectof body language reading - and why more

and more intelligence and security servicesare becoming less reliant on expert opinion

udley Street, London, shouldbe familiar with spy aficiona-dos, for it was here MI5Director-General Roger Holliswas questioned aboutA

allegations he was working for the KGB.According to those in the know, his bodylanguage rarely changed, despite the serious-ness of the situation and questions. However,those who interviewed this most seniorintelligence officer relied primarily on his

replies, more specifically, the actual content ofhis response - information.

Scientists have long argued and debated ifstudying body language alone can in itselfreveal truthfulness or expose a liar. In theworld of intelligence, two aspects are consid-ered before body language is examined - thereliability of information imparted and thecredentials of the person delivering it. If one isfragile then alarm bells may sound. More

Former MI5 Director-GeneralSir Roger Hollis

Roger Hollis wasinterviewed here

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CLASSIFIED: 500 SPY SITES OF LONDON

recent studies show that individuals aredifferent in respect of eye, hand and bodymovements etc. in response to questions.Other factors which lesson the critique oftenprovided for by experts - is context, locationand stress.

For decades body language reading methodshave evolved and been used in numerousways and environments. From airport securitywatchers demanding answers from a dis-tressed passenger, police interviews, and evenanalysing a politicians behaviour whilst beingcross-examined on a talk show. Are theybeing truthful, have they a hidden agenda? Isthe shaking, sweating aeroplane passengerpassing through the boarding gate concealinga bomb, carrying drugs or is he or she simplya nervous flier?

PART ONE

P22/23 5/6/15, 5:21 pm3


Its interesting to note that most governmentagencies from police, customs, security andintelligence services, all have dedicated bodylanguage experts that can be called upon.Indeed, the art which they perform is consid-ered a highly skilled occupation - and oftenthe tradecraft and methodology they havelearned is passed on to associates.

GUESS WORK

An early case ofbody languagestudy and intelli-gence happened in1943. HarvardUniversity psycholo-gist Henry A.Murray (left) wasinvited by the Officeof Strategic

Services (OSS), to examine the body languageof Adolf Hitler. In a report titled Analysis of thePersonality of Adolf Hitler, Murray wrote ofHitlers infinite self-abasement, homosexualpanic and Oedipal tendencies. This by simplywatching film footage and reading intelligencereports. Guess work? Who knows.

THE NEW PROFESSIONALS

One well knownintelligence endeav-our that draws muchfrom the science ofbody languagereading is the FBIsCounter-intelligenceDivisions Behav-

ioural Analysis Programme (BAP). Besides theobvious requirement of monitoring targets,staffers and analysts are also trained todevelop human sources. Perhaps betterphrased in ordinary speak as recruiting spies.

One early body language study project initiated by an intelligence servicefocused on Adolf Hitler. Harvard professor Henry Murray was at its helm

The Bureau believes behaviour is inextricablylinked to body language. And there are caseexamples that can reveal motive and agendawithout the spoken word needing to be heard.An example of this can be found in an unusualcase file from 1999.

An FBI counter-espionage team deployed atthe State Department building noticed a manparking his vehicle. He then moved off andparked in another spot. This he continued todo until he seemed content with one bay. Andthere he remained.

An investigator thought this unusual andstarted to probe the identity of the man. Itturned out he was Stanislav Borisovic Gusev,54, an intelligence officer working under cover

as a diplomatic attach based at Russiasembassy in Washington DC.

Gusevs behaviour led investigators to believehis car parking antics were linked to espio-nage - the suggestion being he was trying tofind an area where he could receive betterreception from a bug in the building. Forseveral weeks the FBI monitored Gusev as hevisited different parts of the city, alwayscarrying a leather bag. Agents believed this -like his vehicle - contained a receiver. Thusthey tried to intercept signals reaching thespy and a few days later they succeeded.The next task was to find from whence theycame. Room by room Bureau and CIAofficers searched the State Departmentbuilding. And then they discovered a listening

A business meeting in full swing. Muchcan be deduced by the body languageof these participants, but ultimately itis the information imparted which islikely to conclude or negate a deal

P24/25 5/6/15, 5:30 pm2


FBI agents trapped a Russian spy bywatching his behaviour outside the

US State Department

Security organisations assigned to protect governmentbuildings and institutions are trained to detect suspicious

behaviour. However, this in itself is not foolproof...

research. But do they in themselves reallyreveal the identity, nature and objective of aperson?

Despite what some body language specialistssay, faced with a professional trained in the artof information concealment, most ordinaryhuman beings cannot detect lies, or evaluatefuture intentions and objectives. Take forexample the brutal death of a suspectedGerman agent and torture of his associates inLondon during the height of WWII. At the time,the city hosted a number of governments-in-exile, including France. The French BureauCentral de Renseignements et dAction

from defensive postures (arms folded), headpositioning, furtive actions, eye contact or thelack of it, gestures be they nervous orotherwise, aggressive behaviour, passive etc.Then there are the more subtle ones which aredifficult to analyse - calm expressions, lack ofbody or head movement, slight hand gestures,long periods when eyes dont blink, a casualglance at ones watch - an indicator ofboredom perhaps.

In an interrogation setting, these combinedallow (in part) investigators to present anoverall critique. From here questions can beasked that expose areas or corridors for future

device in a conference room on the seventhfloor - close to the offices of Secretary ofState Madeline Albright and her staff. Here ofcourse, Americas foreign policy was planned.

It didnt take long for the counter-intelligenceteam to discover that Gusevs favouriteparking spot gave him excellent line-of-sight tothe bugs location.

STEREOTYPES, PREJUDICE ANDPRE-CONCEIVED NOTIONS

There are a whole range of body languageindicators which most people are familiar with;

Target: US Secretary of StateAlbright with Yasser Arafat andBenjamin Netanyahu in 1999

P24/25 5/6/15, 5:30 pm3


(BCRA), was a particularly tough intelligenceelement known for its harsh interrogation ofsuspects.

When the body of the German agent wasfound dead in the cellar of BCRA headquar-ters, there was uproar. However, perhaps in abid to temper Anglo-French relations, theofficial verdict was that the man had killedhimself by hanging. But Special Branchdetectives noticed a variety of injuries inflictedon the prisoner and his two colleagues duringtheir interrogation. Some intelligence men inMI6 and MI5 suspected the dead man hadbeen hanged (after death) to mask thesewounds and to create the illusion of suicide.

It later transpired the three were MI6 agentswho had been operating in France and weresimply following protocol in not revealingcertain facts - a brave decision which costone agent his life. All had been trained indeception measures.

We rely heavily on the spoken word, and it isin this area that new research is beinginvestigated in conjunction with body language

Former headquarters of the French Bureau Central de Renseignementset dAction (BCRA). Their interrogators total mis-reading of body

language, information and the context in which the interview was beingconducted led to the death of an MI6 agent

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by scientists. Agencies such as MI5 and theFBI have well tried and tested questionnairesand methods used in interrogation/interviewsessions. If used properly these can and inmost cases do, expose lies - all without theneed for examining body language. However, itis becoming increasingly flexible due to thenew research, and of course, is affected by aplethora of incalculable variations depending

on the subject (person) and why he or she isbeing questioned in the first place.

Research has found that we often misreadpeople due to stereotyping. Eye contact is agood example. In an interrogation environmentif a person looks away - even whilst smiling -they are lying. If this happens between twolovers sitting at a dining table - they are shy.Of course there could be numerous reasons -but these are two common explanations.

Passport examination: Few peopleother than those with deception inmind would be overly concerned

An argument breaks out duringa political debate. The facial

expressions of anger, a raised fingerand a defensive hand posture are

relatively easy to calculate

P26/27 5/6/15, 5:41 pm2


DAVID SHANKBONE

Police are trained to familiarise themselves with suspiciousbehaviour, including all aspects of car driving and the vehicle itself

Senior officials of a joint US-India naval exercise debrief

participants

ENVIRONMENTS

A shoplifter will survey the scene for peopleand perhaps CCTV before stealing. A car thiefor burglar may conduct some research. Suchdata and profiling has been carefully compiledover years of collection, research and study. Intruth, the key factor in these and numerousother examples missing from the bodylanguage text book is context. And what ofthe opportunist?

In an intelligence setting, for example thedebriefing of a defector, reading complexnonverbal communications is an art in itself,but one that can only be successful if it iscombined with information and backgroundinvestigation. People tend to overcompensateor exaggerate in stressful environments - bethey honest or hiding an ulterior motive or vitalpiece of evidence. In a live surveillanceoperation, a target who constantly turnsaround must be fearful they are beingfollowed. In a military setting, securing properand accurate intelligence from participants,adversaries and colleagues is vital.

One recent feature written by a specialistnotes: So much of lie detection is based onthe verbal as well as the non-verbals that onewould have to have expertise in psychology,anthropology, sociology, criminology, jurispru-dence, sociobiology, neurobiology, psychiatry,anatomy, physiology, communications,zoology, ethnography, primatology, linguistics,language, and grammar (to name a few), totruly understand the depth of what is behinddeception and how to detect it.

Few in the intelligence or detection gamewould disagree with this conclusion.

A sad example which truly reflects stereotyp-ing and body language reading, yet avoids keyelements of imparted information andinvestigation, can be found in the unfortunatecase of Christopher Jeffries. Joanna Yeates,25, was a landscape architect who wasmurdered in Bristol in 2010. Much mediasuspicion fell upon her landlord Jeffries whowas arrested. There is no doubt because ofhis appearance, his hounding by journalists,his responses and the resultant mediaspeculation - this man became the primetarget. It later transpired he was totallyinnocent and legal action followed. A numberof newspapers were found guilty of contempt

Defensive eye contact

P26/27 5/6/15, 5:41 pm3


of court for reporting information that couldprejudice a trial.

INTERNATIONAL ARENA

There exists a number of highly secret unitsdedicated to body language reading of worldleaders, senior military, intelligence andpolitical officials. With a plethora of electronicplatforms showing instant news across theworld, analysts trained in this field have anenviable flow of imagery, video and intelli-gence, unlike their predecessors - Henry A.Murray and his research of Hitler comes tomind.

At high level and important governmentconferences and international meetings,unbeknown to most, body language special-ists may be attached to delegations. Thetheory being, much can be gleaned over atable by watching, listening and observing theactions of an adversary or opponent. At theheight of the Cold War, such specialists wereused by the West and USSR to determine onlyone thing - the honesty of an opponent.

The reading of international leaders is part ofthe intelligence wheel - an important elementconsidered too vital to ignore - but onemanaged with increasing caution. In America,besides programmes such as the FBIs BAP,the CIA too has a dedicated section on body

At major military, political and intelligence summits and gatherings, each delegation may assign (covertly) a specialist inbody language reading to monitor a range of responses. The resultant report will also include guidance and even

commentary about the reaction of his or her colleagues. Placement of BLR delegates is secret

In an interview/interrogation environment, the body language of a personcan reveal much. However, the imparted information, be it verbal or written

(documented) is equally, if not more crucial in allowing a recruiter, forexample, to make a judgement

language reading, though it also concernsitself with other matters as we shall discover.

BODY LEADS PROJECT

Another known defence project linked to thesubject is run by the Pentagon. The Office ofNet Assessment assigns an annual budget of250,000 simply to watch and understand(learn from) interpreting the body language offoreign leaders. Called the Body Leads Project,

analysts study people such as North KoreasKim Jong-Un using a technique known asmovement-pattern analysis. Kim is a mostcomplex character described as dangerous,immature, unpredictable and uneducated.However, this word association probablyresults from his actions and orders, ratherthan his general standing.

Studying video of such people can provideuseful data that can be used to help determine

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A mosaic of NATO-Russia Council meeting photographs - January 2014. Four weeks later Russia invaded the Crimea.Moscows men carefully concealed any knowledge of the impending operation and the body language of the delegates

gives little away. Following protocol is the important clue revealed here, and the missing factor is intelligence

The CIA has a dedicated teamassigned to monitor North KoreasKim Jong-Un. Regarded as a mostunpredictable character, his body

language reveals an uncertain,suspicious and vulnerable person

Body language specialists have noticedthan when faced with a difficult or awkwardquestion from a journalist, President Putinwill point the sharp end of his pencil/pentowards the person. When receiving aquestion that he feels comfortable with, thepencil/pen will be reversed

policy. And whilst experienced leaders likeVladimir Putin have a circle of advisors to helphim project a stable, strong and positivepresence on the world stage, Kim hassurrounded himself with a body of men whoare fearful and decidedly unsure of what tosay or advise. This is reflected by his boyishcharacter - deemed almost comic-like by

those watching his body language. Slightchanges in his expressions are also believedto hide emotional traits. And this does concernthe intelligence community.

WHEN YOU REALISE YOU HAVE WON

In 2014, analysts studied Putin as events, firstin Crimea and then in Ukraine, unfolded.Initially Putins posture, commentary, gesturesand responses to a million questions about theconflict portrayed him as a leader not yetconvinced he had done the right thing. Hisbody language and responses reflected a manwho was unsure, a specialist said. Othersdetected a nervousness and hesitation abouthis person. Yet as NATO stumbled and theresponse from Europe and America waspassive, Putins body language changed.News reel footage showed a more uprightman and journalists said he appeared moreconfident. He knew - just from looking at hisgrin and eyes - no military intervention wouldensue from the West. Body language special-ists said this analysis proves - even withoutinformation - the art works. Sceptics said itwas irrelevant because the Kremlin under-stood that the West would not intervene -hence Putins smugness.

Eye Spys tradecraft feature on bodylanguage continues next issue...

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A VERY PUBLIC WAR A New Cold War? Radio Propaganda Past and Present

ollowing the end of WWII a prolific battle between the freeWest and the United Socialist Soviet Republic (USSR)erupted. Many historians are surprised the Cold War did notturn hot. But the possible use of nuclear weapons hasnever really gone away, and in recent weeks President Putinagain raised the possibility that one day he might have toF

authorise their use. A new Cold War in the making?

As the West fought the East in secret information wars, no newsprogramme or newspaper on either side of the Iron Curtain wascomplete without a story about a new invention or an increase innuclear weaponry. Naturally there was a surge in espionage.

Whilst those listening to the wireless or radio were entertained andgiven the odd piece of news, followers of Short Wave Broadcaststations were bombarded with news and propaganda - sometimesaccompanied with rousing patriotic music.

Radio Moscow, Tirana Radio and Radio Berlin International [DDR orDeutsche Demokratische Republik] from East Germany were all

purveyors of strong, Soviet-style propaganda, and there were plenty ofothers. And of course, a new Russia propaganda machine hasemerged that is of much concern to NATO and the West today (seepage 44).

The BBC World Service purported to have a balanced and fair view inbroadcasting, although Broadcast Stations or BCs as theyre known inthe Free West, were also engaged in propaganda, much to theresentment and anger of the Kremlin.

One station accused was the United States Voice of America (VOA).Like Radio Moscow, it transmitted to a variety of countries under theSoviet boot and broadcast in other languages as well - Albanian,Armenian, Bulgarian, Czech-Slovak, Estonian, Georgian, Greek, Lao,Latvian. The list just went on and on and also included Russian,Ukrainian, Uzbek, Thai and Vietnamese, Arabic, Turkish, Bengali andHindi. Their signal outputs of 200kW from a variety of transmissionsites across the globe assured world coverage.

Russia had good world coverage too; its language transmissions wereintentionally steered to the poorer parts of the world. In some of these

B Y P A U L B E A U M O N T

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countries Moscows interference using toolsother than radio can be evidenced - crumblingheavy weaponry left behind when the USSRwithdrew its forces. Afghanistan is a goodexample.

RADIO FREE EUROPE

Another Cold War creation was Radio FreeEurope founded in 1949. The station contin-ues today on the local Medium Wave fre-

quency of 1296kHz and on the Short Wave ata variety of local times broadcasting to twentyeight countries.

Radio Free Europe (RFE) was so successfulSoviet Russia countered it with RadioStation Peace and Progress. Transmittingto Europe, China [Canton and Shanghaidialects], the Middle and Far East in avariety of languages, including Yiddishand Hebrew announcing, Radio StationPeace and Progress, the voice of SovietPublic Opinion.

The BerlinerFunkturm - a wellknown sight in the

city. At the height ofthe Cold War it wasused to broadcast

much propaganda tothe East

Not any old ordinary Cold War radio. Thisactually belonged to Igor Kurchatov. He wasof course father of Russias nuclear bombproject. The radio was discovered on theSemipalatinsk test site - the countrys primarynuclear weapons testing area. After the USSRcollapsed in 1989, much nuclear equipmentwas looted. It wasnt until 2012 scientists andengineers made the complex safe

The initial announcement by RFE was made inthe language of the targeted area and simplydeclared, This is Radio Free Europe,

Zenith radio.CIRCA. 1950

Radio Tirana

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Radio FreeEurope

The Shukhov Tower, Moscow - during the Cold War it broadcast to manycountries delivering the Kremlins propaganda. Built in 1922, the tower isunder threat of demolition. It is also at the top of UNESCOs EndangeredBuildings list and there is an ongoing international campaign to save thestructure. For those not wishing to journey to Moscow at this moment, a

1:30 scale model can be found in the Science Museum, London!

CIA U2 pilot Gary Powers. Inset:Russian propaganda photo following

his capture

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by RFE staff. They were instructed to fill thesalt shakers with potassium cyanide (KCN).RFE and its staff were headquartered inMunich, Germany.

Nemecs terrible plan failed, for he wasunaware that one of his agents was alsoworking for the CIA. Langley therefore had fullknowledge of the plot.

An arrest warrant for Nemecwas issued from Viennacausing Nemec to flee fromhis Salzburg base. Notprotected by diplomaticimmunity his capture wouldhave meant jail and muchembarrassment for the

Prague government. Luckilyfor him, Czechoslovak Intelligence agentstracked him down to an inn in the Tyrol wherehe was physically dumped into the boot/trunkof a car and driven safely across the Czechborder.

NEW WARPLANE GAMES

Incidents involving military aircraft, especiallythose engaged in intelligence collection and

followed by the national anthem of thatcountry or in the case of Poland, a rousingpatriotic song such as Hail Glorious Dawn ofMay, played by a brass band. For the Polish,May has significance with many celebrations,especially on the 3rd which is Polish Constitu-tion Day.

JAMMING THE PROPAGANDA

It was in the Czechoslovakian capital Praguewhere the downfall of Radio Free Europe wasplotted. US President Truman was madeaware that Soviet and Free World radiobroadcast transmitters were engaged in a warof powers; these were output powers toensure the propaganda reached those whowanted to hear it and who in turn might wellpass the content on to others. An operation,codenamed The Ring Plan, was developedbetween politicians and physicists. The ideawas to surround the Soviet areas where theirtransmitters were based and jam the signalusing a variety of modulated signal methods.Of course it backfired when the Sovietsdecided to reciprocate and ordered the closureof RFE. The KGB used Czechoslovak Intelli-gence as a proxy to implement a deadly plan.

Major Jaroslav Nemec transferred to theCzech Embassy in Salzburg, and established aring of agents who would execute the plan byinterfering with the cruets at a restaurant used

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1966. Voice of America propagandabroadcast to North Vietnam

photo reconnaissance were numerous in theCold War. Students of military history will beaware of US pilot Gary Powers and the loss ofhis CIA U2 carrying photographic, ELINT andSIGINT equipment. The British also played thisgame with the Soviets; flying unmarkedCanberra aircraft over borders and recordingradar and other signals intelligence.

The press regularly carried headlines concern-ing the straying of Russian military aircraftinto British airspace. And such stories arebeginning to appear again in the Westernpress - from the Baltic states to NorthAmerica. The US media recently reported onincursions by Russian bombers flying within50 miles of the Californian coast. And likesimilar incidents in British airspace, theaircraft were escorted away, in this case byUSAF F-15 fighters.

In the UK, the Ministry of Defence reportedthat a Russian operated Tupolev TU95 had

flown near to the County of Cornwall. Thisalso resulted in some very interestingmessages that were picked up.

The military movements across Ukrainesborders have resulted in a radio war of sorts

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The broadcastingtower of Radio

Berlin today

A KGB plot was hatched in Prague tosilence Radio Free Europe

in the aether between Washington andMoscow. The US has retaliated by sendingincreasing numbers of Mainsail messages,alpha-numeric strings read monotonously by alive male or female announcer. One thing thatis apparent is the signal strength of messagesas they are sent. The messages are termedEAMs or Emergency Action Messages.

KEEPING THE CODEBREAKERS BUSY

Other intercepted Number Station messagessent in Morse or Voice from Russia have eitherincreased their full messages and/or lengthand with better signal strength too. While themessage content may or may not be valid; thenon-valid content is doubtless intended tokeep the Wests codebreakers busy.

This new emerging Cold War already has itsspies in place. If the trend continues perhapswell again see the Bridge of Spies -Glienicke Bridge in Germany used to exchangecaptured agents again. Much depends on theactions of Russia in future months.

Russian Tupolev TU95 photographed north of Scotland by the RAF

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Ghost StationsIntel Secrets of LondonsForgotten Tube Stations

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n abandoned London tube stationwith an enduring secret history isset for redevelopment. Opened in1907, Down Street Station incentral Mayfair, was used byWinston Churchill and other seniorA

military and political figures as a World WarTwo shelter and command room. Indeed, italso hosted Cabinet Meetings during theheight of the Blitz because Downing Streetwas considered vulnerable. This was ofcourse before the nearby fortified Cabinet WarRooms (now a museum) were readied.Thereafter Down Street became the wartimeheadquarters of the Railway ExecutiveCommittee (REC).

A GUILT COMPLEX

Churchill was never comfortable at DownStreet and would describe it as the barn -this because the wind howled through itstunnels. Nevertheless, there were somecomforts. Amongst items delivered by courier

to the station during Churchills stay, includedbottles of 1928 Perrier-Jouet champagne andof course, his familiar Cuban cigars.

Sleeping quarters, typing and conferencerooms and even a fully maintained kitchenwere secretly built and maintained by a staff of22 people and a dozen officials. There remaina number of tiles which carry the letter G.These signify the location of a secure doorwhere staff could shelter in the event of apoison gas attack.

Churchill later wrote of his experiences atDown Street: I used to go there once thefiring started to transact my business and tosleep undisturbed. One felt a natural com-punction at having more safety than mostother people; but so many pressed me that Ilet them have their own way.

The station, which closed in 1932 due to lowfootfall, still retains its original facade and theentrance is currently occupied by a shop.

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Down StreetTube Station

Churchill dislikedDown Street

Brompton Oratory

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Developers released video of the stationsinterior and over 4,000ft of space which willbe leased to prospective businesses. It isunderstood an art gallery and restaurantfeature prominently in future developmentplans. Commenting on the station, GraemeCraig of Transport for London said: The

combination of space, history and location,makes this a unique opportunity. We arelooking for a partner with the imagination tosee the potential here and the capability todeliver it.

Down Street is but one of seven disusedstations that have been earmarked forredevelopment. Another station, and perhapsLondons most famous in connection with thecitys spylore, is Brompton. This sits directlyopposite the magnificent Brompton Oratory. InWWII various military and intelligenceelements were based here. The station wasclosed within months of Down Street in 1934.

Brompton Oratory was used by the KGB formany years as a dead letter drop (DLD).Agents and handlers left packages andexchanged items utilising a gap between apillar and a wall at the rear of the church. Ashort distance away is Trinity Church. In thegrounds visitors will find a statue of St Francisof Assisi. Behind the statue is a wall and tree -this too was used as a KGB DLD.

A KGB file given to MI6 in the Cold Waridentified the locations and called them fairlyinconspicuous.

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Entrance to Trinity Church. Below:Statue of St Francis of Assisi -

location of a KGB DLD

Brompton RoadTube Station

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Inside Down StreetTube Station

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A combined US Special Forces, CIA and Iraq Armyoperation removes senior ISIS player as Pentagonseeks to squeeze terror groups finances - this as

more key Iraq and Syrian cities fall

BLACK GOLDKEY DEVELOPMENTS IN FIGHT AGAINST ISIS

Rumeilan oil fields, Syria

any oil producing areas inIraq and Syria have fallen toISIS in the last eighteenmonths. From here the groupresells the black gold todubious buyers and innocentM

victims reliant on fuel to survive. A recent CIAEstimate of the Situation concluded the grouphas raised some $2 billion through oil and gassales, allowing it to secure and maintain itsweaponry and generally keep its 30,000 -40,000 fighters operational. The key advisoror brains behind the oil, gas and moneypipeline was identified by the spy agencynearly a year ago - Abu Sayyaf. Now theAlliance are targeting the one ISIS product thatkeeps it on the move.

troops drawn from a number of specialmilitary and intelligence elements andsupported by an elite Iraq Army unit, severalBlack Hawk helicopters and versatile Ospreyaircraft embarked on a mission into Syria on15 May.

Landing close to Sayyafs place of residence,the troops soon became involved in a fiercefirefight. ISIS terrorists used women andchildren as shields hoping it would be enoughto persuade the US-led fighting force toretreat. It was not. Sayyaf was given theoption to surrender but alongside his securitydetail he resisted. Hand-to-hand fighting brokeout as troops entered his compound. Sayyafwas shot dead. No civilian casualties werereported.

A special team then moved quickly into hishouse-come-office and removed boxes ofdocumentation, computers and variouscommunications equipment including cellphones - described as an intelligence haulby officials in Washington. Sayyaf is sai

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