Eye Injuries

1-Blunt(contusion)2-Perforating Injury3-Perforating Injury & retained foreign body4-Chemicals ( acid – alkaline ) & burns5-Sonar (sun rayes Ultra violet Enfera red)6-Extraocular foreign body

Blunt Trauma By fist ball can cause abrasion to rupture globe

1- cornea ( abrasion – oedema – staining – tear )

2- sclera (rupture – haemorrhage )

3- iris & ciliary body ( miosis – mydriasis – laceration – iridodialysis – antiflexion – retroflexion – aniridia – cyclodialysis – hyphaema )

4- lens ( vossius’s ring – cataract – dislocation – subluxation – tear )

5- vitreous ( opacities – haemorrhage – herniation – loss )

6- choroid (rupture – haemorrhage – detachment )

7- retina ( macular edema – degeneration – cyst hole – retinal tear – retinopathy )

8- optic nerve ( atrophy – avulsion )

Eversion Of Eyelid 1 Eversion Of Eyelid 2

Orbital and subconjunctival haemorrage

Corneal foreign body Corneal abrasion staind with furecein

Hyphaema Iridodialysis

Subluxated lens

Metal foreign body embedded the iris

Perforating wound with prolapsed iris inferiorly

Perforating Injury Aim of treatment :

i. To save vision

ii. To prevent sympathetic ophthalmitis Signs :

1. drop of VA

2. Hypotony

3. Shallow AC – hage

4. change of pupil

5. conj edema ( chemosis )

6. subconj hage

7. iris hole

8. wound track in corneal , lens & vitreous

Perforating Injury with retained foreign body

( iron – steel – stone – glass – lead pellet – wood spicules )

Effects :

1. mechanical

2. infection

3. chemical action ( inert metal – little reaction – suppuration )

4. degenerative changes (siderosis - chalcosis )

Choroidal tears and haemorrhage Solar macular burn