TestingTestingTesting Testing of of

Glazed Exterior Wall Glazed Exterior Wall S tS tSystemsSystems

Building Exterior Solutions, LLCBuilding Exterior Solutions, LLCPresented by:Presented by:

Building Exterior Solutions, LLCBuilding Exterior Solutions, LLC“Creating Better Building Envelopes”“Creating Better Building Envelopes”

Amy Peevey Brom, PE Amy Peevey Brom, PE Jerry Abendroth, RRC Jerry Abendroth, RRC

General Types of TestingGeneral Types of TestingGeneral Types of TestingGeneral Types of TestingPerformance TestingPerformance TestingggQuality Assurance/Quality Control Quality Assurance/Quality Control

T tiT tiTestingTestingDiagnostic TestingDiagnostic TestingDiagnostic TestingDiagnostic Testing

Performance TestingPerformance Testing

Performance TestingPerformance TestingPerformance TestingPerformance Testing PrePre--construction mockconstruction mock--upup

•• Purpose: testing is performed to attempt to simulate asPurpose: testing is performed to attempt to simulate as--built field conditions for the evaluation of the performance built field conditions for the evaluation of the performance and constructability of an exterior wall systemand constructability of an exterior wall system

•• Standards: Standards: ASTM E 283 “Standard Test Method for Determining Rate of ASTM E 283 “Standard Test Method for Determining Rate of

Air Leakage …”Air Leakage …”Air Leakage …Air Leakage … ASTM E 331: “Standard Test Method for Water ASTM E 331: “Standard Test Method for Water

Penetration...” (Static Pressure)Penetration...” (Static Pressure) Structural Uniform Loading by Static Pressure (ASTM E330)Structural Uniform Loading by Static Pressure (ASTM E330) Structural Uniform Loading by Static Pressure (ASTM E330)Structural Uniform Loading by Static Pressure (ASTM E330) AAMA 501.1: “Standard Test Method for Water AAMA 501.1: “Standard Test Method for Water

Penetration...” (Dynamic Pressure)Penetration...” (Dynamic Pressure)AAMA 1503: “Voluntary Test Method for ThermalAAMA 1503: “Voluntary Test Method for Thermal AAMA 1503: “Voluntary Test Method for Thermal AAMA 1503: “Voluntary Test Method for Thermal Transmittance and Condensation Resistance…”Transmittance and Condensation Resistance…”

MockMock--Up Testing ProcessUp Testing ProcessMockMock Up Testing Process Up Testing Process MockMock--up scope and shop drawingsup scope and shop drawings Laboratory mockLaboratory mock--up construction & up construction &

observations of installationobservations of installation MockMock--up testingup testing Corrections / Modifications (as necessary)Corrections / Modifications (as necessary) Corrections / Modifications (as necessary)Corrections / Modifications (as necessary) Retesting (as required)Retesting (as required) ReportingReporting Incorporation of modifications into the field Incorporation of modifications into the field pp

erection shop drawingserection shop drawings

MockMock--up Specimenup SpecimenMockMock up Specimenup Specimen Size: Size:

•• Typically at least 2 stories high by two Typically at least 2 stories high by two units wideunits wide

Scope:Scope:•• Incorporate largest spans/openingsIncorporate largest spans/openingsIncorporate largest spans/openings Incorporate largest spans/openings

which exceed published test datawhich exceed published test data•• Incorporate adjacent finishes/conditionsIncorporate adjacent finishes/conditionsIncorporate adjacent finishes/conditions Incorporate adjacent finishes/conditions

to ensure construction and configurationto ensure construction and configuration•• Include insets, corners, parapets,Include insets, corners, parapets,Include insets, corners, parapets, Include insets, corners, parapets,

sunshades, etc. where possiblesunshades, etc. where possible

MockMock--Up Construction and Up Construction and Ob iOb iObservationsObservations

MockMock--up Constructionup ConstructionMockMock up Constructionup Construction•• Contractor to provide same superintendent and/or Contractor to provide same superintendent and/or

foreman at mockforeman at mock--up that will be in fieldup that will be in field•• Construction can be performance and aestheticConstruction can be performance and aesthetic

MockMock--up Construction Observationsup Construction Observationspp•• Attendees should include Owner, General Contractor, Attendees should include Owner, General Contractor,

Subcontractor, Architect, etc.Subcontractor, Architect, etc.•• Opportunity to observe nonOpportunity to observe non--visible portions of systemvisible portions of system•• Confirm construction in conformance with shop Confirm construction in conformance with shop

drawingsdrawingsdrawingsdrawings

MockMock--up Testingup TestingMockMock up Testingup Testing Contractor may perform preContractor may perform pre--testtest

Testing to be performed in presence of test lab (at a minimum)Testing to be performed in presence of test lab (at a minimum)•• Testing to be performed in presence of test lab (at a minimum) Testing to be performed in presence of test lab (at a minimum) so that any modifications made to obtain passing results are so that any modifications made to obtain passing results are documented documented

Common Laboratory TestsCommon Laboratory Tests Common Laboratory TestsCommon Laboratory Tests•• Air Infiltration (ASTM E283)Air Infiltration (ASTM E283)•• Static Water Penetration (ASTM E331)Static Water Penetration (ASTM E331)•• Dynamic Water Penetration (AAMA 501.1, ASTM E 547)Dynamic Water Penetration (AAMA 501.1, ASTM E 547)•• Structural Uniform Loading by Static Pressure (ASTM E330)Structural Uniform Loading by Static Pressure (ASTM E330)•• Maintenance Equipment Testing (100% of design load)Maintenance Equipment Testing (100% of design load)•• Static Water Penetration (ASTM E331)Static Water Penetration (ASTM E331)•• Structural Uniform Proof Load Test (ASTM E330)Structural Uniform Proof Load Test (ASTM E330)•• Maintenance Equipment Proof Load Testing (150% of design Maintenance Equipment Proof Load Testing (150% of design

l d)l d)load)load)•• Other tests: sill dam testing, redundant sealant testing, etc.Other tests: sill dam testing, redundant sealant testing, etc.

MockMock--Up Corrections/ Up Corrections/ M difi iM difi iModificationsModifications

Corrections which do not affect the testCorrections which do not affect the testCorrections which do not affect the test Corrections which do not affect the test specimen are allowedspecimen are allowed Modifications to the specimen not reflectedModifications to the specimen not reflected Modifications to the specimen not reflected Modifications to the specimen not reflected

on shop drawings require reteston shop drawings require retestAll ti d difi ti t bAll ti d difi ti t b All corrections and modifications are to be All corrections and modifications are to be reported by test labreported by test lab All modifications are to be incorporated All modifications are to be incorporated

into shop drawings and field constructioninto shop drawings and field construction

MockMock--up Testingup Testingp gp g

Static Water TestingStatic Water Testinggg

Dynamic Water TestingDynamic Water TestingDynamic Water TestingDynamic Water Testing

Structural Uniform TestingStructural Uniform Testinggg

Structural Uniform TestingStructural Uniform Testinggg

Quality Assurance/Quality Assurance/Quality Assurance/Quality Assurance/Quality Control TestingQuality Control TestingQ y gQ y g

QA/QC TestingQA/QC TestingQA/QC TestingQA/QC Testing Field TestingField Testing

•• Purpose: Testing of installed assemblies to Purpose: Testing of installed assemblies to evaluate the performance and quality of the evaluate the performance and quality of the

k i ll d (I i d i bl fk i ll d (I i d i bl fwork installed. (It is desirable to perform work installed. (It is desirable to perform throughout construction so that quality at each throughout construction so that quality at each stage is evaluated )stage is evaluated )stage is evaluated.)stage is evaluated.)

•• Standards: Standards: AAMA 502AAMA 502 08: “Voluntary Specification for Field08: “Voluntary Specification for Field AAMA 502AAMA 502--08: Voluntary Specification for Field 08: Voluntary Specification for Field

Testing of Newly Installed Fenestration Products”.Testing of Newly Installed Fenestration Products”. ASTM E1105: “Standard Test Method for Field ASTM E1105: “Standard Test Method for Field

Determination of Water Penetration of Installed…” Determination of Water Penetration of Installed…” (Static Pressure)(Static Pressure)

Field QA/QC Testing ProcessField QA/QC Testing ProcessField QA/QC Testing Process Field QA/QC Testing Process PrePre--installation meetinginstallation meeting Selecting test locationSelecting test location Selecting test locationSelecting test location Performing of field testingPerforming of field testing Corrections / Modifications (as necessary)Corrections / Modifications (as necessary) Retesting (as required)Retesting (as required)Retesting (as required)Retesting (as required) ReportingReporting Incorporating modifications into the fieldIncorporating modifications into the field Incorporating modifications into the field Incorporating modifications into the field

erection shop drawingserection shop drawings Additional testing Additional testing (many Architects require additional (many Architects require additional

testing if field tests fail)testing if field tests fail)

Field QA/QC Testing ScopeField QA/QC Testing ScopeField QA/QC Testing Scope Field QA/QC Testing Scope Scope: Scope: Type of testing, test location, test size, and Type of testing, test location, test size, and

test frequency dictated in specificationstest frequency dictated in specificationstest frequency dictated in specificationstest frequency dictated in specifications•• Type: Type:

Chamber:Chamber: Chamber: Chamber: •• Water Penetration: ASTM E1105 Water Penetration: ASTM E1105 •• Air Infiltration: ASTM E 283Air Infiltration: ASTM E 283

Water nozzle: AAMA 501.2Water nozzle: AAMA 501.2•• Location: Typically selected by A/E or ConsultantLocation: Typically selected by A/E or Consultant•• Size: Typically one floor level by two units highSize: Typically one floor level by two units high•• Frequency: Frequency:

Recommended: 10%, 25%, 50%, 75% and 90%.Recommended: 10%, 25%, 50%, 75% and 90%. Typical Typical targetstargets: 10%, 50%, and 75%: 10%, 50%, and 75%

Field QA/QC TestingField QA/QC TestingField QA/QC TestingField QA/QC Testing

Common Field TestsCommon Field TestsCommon Field TestsCommon Field Tests•• Air Infiltration (ASTM E 783)Air Infiltration (ASTM E 783)•• Static Water Penetration (ASTM E 1105)Static Water Penetration (ASTM E 1105)Static Water Penetration (ASTM E 1105)Static Water Penetration (ASTM E 1105)•• Water Nozzle Testing (AAMA 501.2)Water Nozzle Testing (AAMA 501.2)•• Other tests: sill dam testing (AAMA 502), Other tests: sill dam testing (AAMA 502), g ( ),g ( ),

redundant sealant testing, etc.redundant sealant testing, etc.

Field Testing Corrections/ Field Testing Corrections/ M difi iM difi iModificationsModifications

Modifications to the specimen not reflectedModifications to the specimen not reflectedModifications to the specimen not reflected Modifications to the specimen not reflected on shop drawings require all previous on shop drawings require all previous installations to be remediated and allinstallations to be remediated and allinstallations to be remediated and all installations to be remediated and all future work to incorporate modifications future work to incorporate modifications performed to test specimenperformed to test specimenperformed to test specimenperformed to test specimen All corrections and modifications are to be All corrections and modifications are to be

reported by test labreported by test labreported by test labreported by test lab All modifications are to be incorporated All modifications are to be incorporated

i t h d i d fi ld t tii t h d i d fi ld t tiinto shop drawings and field constructioninto shop drawings and field construction

Field Air InfiltrationField Air InfiltrationField Air InfiltrationField Air Infiltration

Field Static Water Penetration Field Static Water Penetration T iT iTestingTesting

Field Water Nozzle TestingField Water Nozzle TestingField Water Nozzle TestingField Water Nozzle Testing

Sill Dam TestingSill Dam TestingSill Dam TestingSill Dam Testing

Water Level

Plugged Weep at Exterior

Diagnostic TestingDiagnostic Testing

Diagnostic TestingDiagnostic TestingDiagnostic TestingDiagnostic Testing Purpose: Testing of installed assemblies to determine Purpose: Testing of installed assemblies to determine

the source of known water infiltrationthe source of known water infiltrationthe source of known water infiltration.the source of known water infiltration. Standard Guidelines:Standard Guidelines:

•• AAMA 511: “Voluntary Guideline for Forensic Water Penetration AAMA 511: “Voluntary Guideline for Forensic Water Penetration yyTesting”Testing”

•• ASTM E 2128: “Standard Guide for Evaluating Water Leakage of ASTM E 2128: “Standard Guide for Evaluating Water Leakage of Building Walls”Building Walls”gg

Standards: Standards: •• AAMA 501.2 “QA and Diagnostic Water Leakage Field Check of AAMA 501.2 “QA and Diagnostic Water Leakage Field Check of

Installed ”Installed ”Installed…Installed…•• AAMA 502AAMA 502--08: “Voluntary 08: “Voluntary SpecificationSpecification for Field Testing of for Field Testing of

Newly Installed Fenestration Products”.Newly Installed Fenestration Products”.ASTM E1105 “St d d T t M th d f Fi ld D t i ti fASTM E1105 “St d d T t M th d f Fi ld D t i ti f•• ASTM E1105: “Standard Test Method for Field Determination of ASTM E1105: “Standard Test Method for Field Determination of Water Penetration of Installed…” Water Penetration of Installed…” (Static Pressure)(Static Pressure)

Diagnostic Evaluation Diagnostic Evaluation ProcessProcess

Review of Project DocumentsReview of Project DocumentsReview of Project DocumentsReview of Project Documents Evaluation of Design ConceptEvaluation of Design Concept

D t i ti f S i Hi tD t i ti f S i Hi t Determination of Service HistoryDetermination of Service History InspectionInspection Investigative TestingInvestigative Testing AnalysisAnalysisAnalysisAnalysis Report PreparationReport Preparation

Diagnostic vs PerformanceDiagnostic vs PerformanceDiagnostic vs. PerformanceDiagnostic vs. Performance Water nozzle test used to isolateWater nozzle test used to isolateWater nozzle test used to isolate Water nozzle test used to isolate

approximate leak locationapproximate leak location Standard field testing performed to furtherStandard field testing performed to furtherStandard field testing performed to further Standard field testing performed to further

isolate sourceisolate source•• Test to actual conditionsTest to actual conditions•• Test to actual conditionsTest to actual conditions

Determine actual wind velocities and rate of rainfall Determine actual wind velocities and rate of rainfall for testingfor testinggg

•• Variations to testingVariations to testing Isolate specimen so perimeter excludedIsolate specimen so perimeter excludedp pp p Then test specimen including perimeter conditionThen test specimen including perimeter condition

Diagnostic TestingDiagnostic TestingDiagnostic TestingDiagnostic Testing

SummarySummary

SummarySummarySummarySummary PrePre--Construction Performance TestingConstruction Performance Testing

•• Air: ASTM E 783Air: ASTM E 783•• Static Water: ASTM E 1105Static Water: ASTM E 1105•• Structural: ASTM E 331Structural: ASTM E 331•• Structural: ASTM E 331Structural: ASTM E 331•• Nozzle: AAMA 501.2 (field check, not performance) Nozzle: AAMA 501.2 (field check, not performance)

Construction Quality Assurance/Quality Control Construction Quality Assurance/Quality Control y yy yTestingTesting•• Air: ASTM E 783Air: ASTM E 783

St ti W t ASTM E 1105St ti W t ASTM E 1105•• Static Water: ASTM E 1105Static Water: ASTM E 1105•• Nozzle: AAMA 501.2 (field check, not performance) Nozzle: AAMA 501.2 (field check, not performance)

Diagnostic TestingDiagnostic TestingDiagnostic Testing Diagnostic Testing •• AAMA 501.2 supplemented with ASTM E 1105AAMA 501.2 supplemented with ASTM E 1105

Questions?Questions?Questions?Questions?

Thank o for o r time and interestThank o for o r time and interestThank you for your time and interest.Thank you for your time and interest.

B ildi E t i S l ti LLCBuilding Exterior Solutions, LLC“Creating Better Building Envelopes”