Concept Schemes & Competency Frameworks

November 14, 2016Stuart A. Sutton

Agenda...Focus on CE resources accessing existing, 3rd party data stores

• Types (Classes) of resources in the context of Credential Engine and the CTDL• Concept Schemes

• Competency Frameworks

• Description Languages:• Simple Knowledge Organization Systems (SKOS) for Concept Schemes

• Achievement Standards Network Description Language (ASN-DL) for Competency Frameworks

Upcoming In-Depth Sessions• Webifying 3rd party unstructured concept scheme and competency framework data

• Webifying 3rd party structured concept scheme and competency framework data

Expressing Concept Schemes & Competency Frameworks in CTDL

Credential Alignment Object Class

http://www.credreg.net/page/domainsviewer#CredentialAlignmentObject

"Concept" description using CTDL...[1]

"occupationType": [ { "@type": "CredentialAlignmentObject", "frameworkName": "O*NET-SOC Occupations", "targetName": "Acute Care Nurses", "targetDescription": "Provide advanced nursing care for patients with acute conditions such as heart attacks, respiratory distress syndrome, or shock. May care for pre- and post-operative patients or perform advanced, invasive diagnostic or therapeutic procedures." }

"Concept" description using CTDL...[2]

"occupationType": [ { "@type": "CredentialAlignmentObject", "frameworkName": "O*NET-SOC Occupations", "targetName": "Acute Care Nurses", "framework": "http://exampleONet.org/occup/" "targetDescription": "Provide advanced nursing care for patients with acute conditions such as heart attacks, respiratory distress syndrome, or shock. May care for pre- and post-operative patients or perform advanced, invasive diagnostic or therapeutic procedures.", "targetUrl": "http://exampleONet.org/occup/29-1141-01" }

"Competency" description using CTDL...[1]

"requires": [ { "@type": "CredentialAlignmentObject", "alignmentType": "Competency", "frameworkName": "Degree Qualification Profile (DQP)", "targetDescription": "Defines and explains the structure, styles and practices of the field of study using its tools, technologies, methods and specialized terms." }

"Competency" description using CTDL...[2]

"requires": [ { "@type": "CredentialAlignmentObject", "alignmentType": "Competency", "frameworkName": "Degree Qualification Profile (DQP)", "framework": "http://exampleDPQ.org/sk/" "targetDescription": "Defines and explains the structure, styles and practices of the field of study using its tools, technologies, methods and specialized terms.", "targetUrl": "http://exampleDPQ.org/sk/sk8/" }

U.S. data.gov RDF data sets......In addition to Agency pilots, the semantic.Data.gov site will leverage lessons learned from the United Kingdom’s version of Data.gov ... which will be built entirely on semantic web technologies. An ancillary benefit of piloting techniques like unique identification and explicit relationships is that the lessons learned will assist the more traditional implementations of these techniques on Data.gov. It is envisioned that as the benefits and applications based on semantic Data.gov datasets increase, a migration and transition plan will be developed to merge the efforts.

The evolution of Data.gov will include a progression towards the semantic web, a fast moving space that will fundamentally transform the web... An Agency that owns/defines authoritative domain data will eventually be asked to put the domain specifications (metadata) and the corresponding instance data on the web using semantic techniques.

https://www.data.gov/sites/default/files/attachments/data_gov_conops_v1.0.pdf

Data.gov Concept of OperationsVer. 1.0 (June 6, 1995)

"Concept Scheme" DataUsing Simple Knowledge Organization System (SKOS)

Simple Knowledge Organization System (SKOS)• W3C Standard for representing concept schemes such as thesauri,

classifications, subject headings, taxonomies, and folksonomies• North American Industrial Classification System (NAICS) • O*Net Occupations• Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP)• European Skills/Competences, Qualifications and Occupations (ESCO)

• Developed by the W3C Semantic Web Deployment Working Group (SWDWG).• Aligned to ISO 25964 Thesaurus Standard (2012-12-13)

https://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/

SKOS model...

Two-Entity Model:

Concept Scheme EntityThe concept scheme as a wholeincluding provenance information

Concept EntityThe individual concepts of which a concept scheme is comprisedEach concept is declared as being "in scheme"

SKOS properties...[1]

• Semantic Relationships• Broader & Broader Transitive

• Narrower & Narrower Transitive

• Associative

• Top Concept

• In Scheme

• Notations (captions)

• In Scheme

• Labels• Preferred Lexical Label

• Alternate Lexical Label

• Hidden Lexical Label

• Documentary Notes• Scope Note

• Definition

• Example

• History Note

• Editorial Note

• Change Note

SKOS mapping properties...[2]

• Identity• Close Match• Exact Match• Broad Match• Narrow Match• Related Match

Term: Economic cooperation Used For:

Economic co-operation Broader terms:

Economic policy Narrower terms:

Economic integration European economic cooperation European industrial cooperation Industrial cooperation

Related terms: Interdependence

Scope Note: Includes cooperative measures in banking, trade, industry etc., between and amongcountries.

UK Archival Thesaurus (UKAT)

Example SKOS – UK Archival Thesaurus (UKAT)CONCEPT

Organisation for European Economic Co-operation

AUTHORIZED NAMEskos:prefLabel Organisation for European Economic Co-operation

VARIANT NAMESskos:altLabel Organization for European Economic Cooperation

OTHER LINKED DATA SOURCESskos:closeMatch http://viaf.org/viaf/272472185skos:closeMatch http://isni-url.oclc.nl/isni/0000000123014008skos:closeMatch http://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/n79055341skos:closeMatch http://rdf.freebase.com/ns/m/018cqq

TYPESrdf:type dbpedia-owl:Organisationrdf:type foaf:Agentrdf:type foaf:Organizationrdf:type owl:Thingrdf:type http://schema.org/Organization

http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/ld/onld/00000589.html

UK Archival Thesaurus (UKAT)

Example SKOS - UKAT Mapped to VIAF

"Competency Framework" DataAchievement Standards Network Description Language (ASN-DL)

ASN Description Language [1]

Developed through NSF funding between 1999-2013

What is ASN-DL intended to do?• Designed to consistently describe any assertion of knowledge, skill, and ability.

• Serves as a data representation of the canonical (official) version.

• Supports the Semantic Web and Linked Data processes through its basis in W3C's Resource Description Framework (RDF).

• Supports cross-framework comparison and linking by means of a common abstract data model.

• Supports design of profiles through refinement and extension:• Refinement through creation of subproperties and subclasses to meet local/national needs;

• Extension thorough the judicious addition of new properties and classes.

• Express competencies at any (arbitrary) level of granularity.

Profiles exist for the U.S., Australia, and Canada—this work will be the CE-ASN Profile

ASN Description Language [2]

What ASN-DL is not intended to do

Not intended to satisfy all of the use cases of the canonical version

and

Not intended to support all the forms of narrative that may augment, enrich, and contextualize the canonical framework.

ASN model...Two-Entity Model:

Standards DocumentThe competency framework as a

wholeincluding provenance information

StatementThe individual competencies of which a competency framework is comprisedEach concept is declared using "isPartOf" to be a member of one (or more) competency frameworks.

* Includes additional core properties from Dublin Core

Competency-to-Competency mapping...

Flat "list" concept scheme...

Flat "list" concept scheme...

One DQP taxon path...

ASN-US Profile at DesireToLearn

ASN-US Profile at DesireToLearn

http://asn.desire2learn.com/resources/D2663634

Common traits of ASN-DL and SKOS

SKOS ASN

Mapping from Legacy Data (to RDF)From structured and unstructured data & upcoming webinars

Linked Data Publishing...

http://linkeddatabook.com/editions/1.0/

Upcoming Webinars ☞ On mapping structured data

☞ On mapping text data

Questions?