exploring christian theology, volume 3

8/13/2019 Exploring Christian Theology, Volume 3

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/exploring-christian-theology-volume-3 1/28



Jbabril Bedtcrs

AIUGIA E . GCLVUBBA

IAE N DFGIBL O . VX DJBL

Fcatrdmutdaj Zrdtbrs

Ecujlis @. Mlcuat, O. Liadbr Muras,

O. Vfctt Gcrrbll, iae Jlbaa ]. @rbdebr

[irt Cab? Aitgia E. Gclstbba

[irt Uwc? Ndfgibl O. Vvdjbl

:

BW[LC]DAJ

FG]DVUDIAUGBCLCJT UGB FGR]FG, V[D]DURIL J]CZUG,

IAE UGB BAE UDNBV

(Rapumldsgbe niausfrdpt―fcpyrdjgt prctbftbe Mi`br [umldsgdaj Jrcup)

Aitgia E. Gclstbba iae Ndfgibl O. Vvdjbl, bes., Bxplcrdaj Fgrdstdia UgbclcjyMbtgiay Gcusb, i edvdsdca ch Mi`br [umldsgdaj Jrcup, © =;95. Rsbe my pbrndssdca.



© =;95 my Aitgia E. Gclstbba iae Ndfgibl O. Vvdjbl

[umldsgbe my Mbtgiay Gcusb [umldsgbrs

995;; Ginpsgdrb Ivbaub Vcutg

Mlccndajtca, Ndaabscti 22567

www.mbtgiaygcusb.fcn

Mbtgiay Gcusb [umldsgbrs ds i edvdsdca ch

Mi`br [umldsgdaj Jrcup, Jriae ]ipdes, Ndfgdjia

[rdatbe da tgb Radtbe Vtitbs ch Inbrdfi

Ill rdjgts rbsbrvbe. Ac pirt ch tgds pumldfitdca niy mb rbprceufbe, stcrbe da i rbtrdbvil

systbn, cr triasndttbe da iay hcrn cr my iay nbias―hcr bxinplb, blbftrcadf, pgctcfcpy,

rbfcredaj―wdtgcut tgb prdcr wrdttba pbrndssdca ch tgb pumldsgbr. Ugb caly bxfbptdca ds

mrdbh quctitdcas da prdatbe rbvdbws.

Ldmriry ch Fcajrbss Fitilcjdaj-da-[umldfitdca Eiti

Bxplcrdaj Fgrdstdia tgbclcjy ? tgb fgurfg, spdrdtuil jrcwtg, iae tgb bae tdnbs /

wrdtbrs, Aitgia E. Gclstbba iae Ndfgibl O. Vvdjbl 0 fcatrdmutdaj wrdtbrs, Ecujlis

Mlcuat, O. Liadbr Muras, O. Vfctt Gcrrbll, iae Jlbaa ]. @rbdebr 0 jbabril bedtcrs,Aitgia E. Gclstbba iae Ndfgibl O. Vvdjbl.

pijbs fn

Dafluebs mdmldcjripgdfil rbhbrbafbs iae daebx.

Vunniry? “Eillis Ugbclcjdfil Vbndairy prchbsscrs ni`b misdf tgbclcjy iffbs-

sdmlb hcr bvbrycab. Dafluebe irb `by ecftrdabs ca tgb fgurfg, spdrdtuil jrcwtg, iae

tgb bae tdnbs„― [rcvdebe my pumldsgbr.

DVMA 4:7-;-:85=-99=4-5 (pm`. ? il`. pipbr)

9. Fgurfg―Mdmldfil tbifgdaj. =. Bsfgitclcjy―Mdmldfil tbifgdaj. 6. Vpdrdtuil

hcrnitdca. 5. Ugbclcjy, Ecftrdail. D. Gclstbba, Aitgia E. DD. Vvdjbl, Ndfgibl O.

MX8;;.6.B4: =;95=6;―ef=6 =;96;65=29

Ralbss ctgbrwdsb actbe, Vfrdpturb quctitdcas irb hrcn Ugb Gcly Mdmlb, Bajldsg Vtiaeire

Xbrsdca® (BVX®), fcpyrdjgt © =;;9 my Frcsswiy, i pumldsgdaj ndadstry ch Jcce Abws

[umldsgbrs. Rsbe my pbrndssdca. Ill rdjgts rbsbrvbe. BVX Ubxt Bedtdca? =;;:.

Vfrdpturb quctitdcas nir`be irb hrcn tgb Abw Inbrdfia Vtiaeire Mdmlb®, fcpyrdjgt

© 948;, 948=, 9486, 9487, 94:9, 94:=, 94:6, 94:2, 94::, 9442 my

Ugb Lcf`nia Hcuaeitdca. Rsbe my pbrndssdca.

Fcvbr Ebsdja my Mriae Aivdjitdca

Ugb iutgcrs irb rbprbsbatbe my Ugb Vtbvb Liumb Ijbafy.

95 92 98 9: 97 94 =; : 8 2 5 6 = 9





2

Fcatbats

Datrceuftdca 4

If`acwlbejnbats 99

Ugb Fgrdstdia Vtcry da HcurIfts 96

Ift D? Frbitdca Ift DD? Hill Ift DDD? ]bebnptdca Ift DX? ]bstcritdca Tcu Irb Gbrb

[irt Cab? “Frbitbe da FgrdstObsus? Fgurfg, Fgurfgbs, iaetgb Fgrdstdia Ldhb„ my Aitgia

E. Gclstbba =6

Gdjg-Iltdtueb Vurvby =2

Bfflbsdclcjy? IFcnnuadty Vca-Fbatbrbeiae Vpdrdt-Hcrnbe

Viaftdfitdca? I LdhbVca-Fbatbrbe,Vpdrdt-Hcrnbe, iae

Fcnnuadty-Ndaebe

[issijbs tc Nistbr 6;

9. Ugb Eiy ch [batbfcst iaetgb Gcly Vpdrdt—s Fcndaj

Ifts =

=. Ugb Cldvb Urbb, Dsribl, iaetgb Fgurfg

]cnias 99

6. Fgrdst—s Mcey iae DtsNbnmbrs

9 Fcrdatgdias 9=?9=‖69

5. Ugb Fgurfg is i ]cyil[rdbstgcce 9 [btbr =?5‖9;

2. Ugb Fgurfg is tgb Dsriblch Jce

Jilitdias 8?92‖98

8. Ugb Fgurfg iae tgb Nystbrych Jbatdlb Daflusdca

Bpgbsdias =?99‖6?96

:. Ugb Lcre—s Vuppbr 9 Fcrdatgdias 99?9:‖65

7. Miptdsn Nittgbw =7?97‖=;

4. ]bjbabritdca, Vda, iae tgbMbldbvbr

]cnias 8?8‖95

9;. Ugb Mbldbvbr iae tgb MittlbZdtg Vda

]cnias :?95‖=2

99. Ugb Gcly Vpdrdt iae CurMittlb Zdtg Vda

Jilitdias 2?98‖=8

9=. Ugb Mbldbvbr iae [rcjrbssdvbViaftdfitdca

Bpgbsdias 5





8 Fcatbats

96. Ugb Gcpb ch HdailViaftdfitdca

[gdldppdias 6?=;‖=9

Ugb Fgurfg iae tgb FgrdstdiaLdhb da ]btrcspbft 22

Ugb [itrdstdf [brdce(IE 9;;‖2;;)

Ugb Nbedbvil [brdce(2;;‖92;;)

Ugb [rctbstiat [brdce

(92;;‖9:;;) Ugb Ncebra [brdce

(9:;;‖[rbsbat)

Hifts tc Abvbr Hcrjbt ::

9. Ugb fbatril prdafdplb chbfflbsdclcjy ds i sivdajrblitdcasgdp wdtg Jce daFgrdst.

=. Ugb vdsdmlb ispbfts ch tgbfgurfg nust sbrvb, gcacr,iae ebvblcp tgb davdsdmlbrbildty ch tgb fgurfg.

6. Xirdbty (edvbrsdty) daFgrdst—s mcey ds Jce—sebsdja.

5. Vfrdpturb ds act sdlbat cagcw wb cujgt tc “ec„tgds tgdaj fillbe fgurfg.

2. Viaftdfitdca iae oustd-fitdca irb dasbpirimlymcuae tcjbtgbr.

8. Viaftdfitdca ds i wcr̀ch tgb Gcly Vpdrdt tgitdavclvbs tgb mbldbvbr—srbspcasdmlb pirtdfdpitdca.

:. Viaftdfitdca ds i tbinspcrt.

Eiajbrs tc Ivcde 75

9. Fcrpcritdca Cvbr Fcrpus =. Jrcwtg Cvbr Gbiltg

6. Hrifturbe Hindly 5. Vbftirdiadsn—s Vdrba Vcaj

2. Lcab ]iajbr Viaftdfitdca 8. Bviajbldfil

Iatdacndiadsn :. Viaftdncadcus

Vblh-Dnprcvbnbat

[rdafdplbs tc [ut Datc[riftdfb 4=

9. [ursub tgb uadty ch tgb

hidtg. =. Jbt davclvbe. 6. [riftdfb cmbedbafb tc tgcsb

da iutgcrdty. 5. Ebvblcp tgb spdrdtuil

edsfdpldabs. 2. Bafcurijb iffcuatimdldty.

Xcdfbs Hrcn tgb [ist iae

[rbsbat 47 Ugb [itrdstdf [brdce

(f. IE 9;;‖2;;) Ugb Nbedbvil [brdce

(2;;‖92;;) Ugb [rctbstiat [brdce


(9:;;‖[rbsbat)

Vgblh Vpifb? ]bfcnnbaeitdcashcr Tcur Ldmriry 994

Jbabril Mcc`s caBfflbsdclcjy

Mcc`s ca Miptdsn iae tgbLcre—s Vuppbr

Mcc`s ca Fgurfg

Jcvbranbat iae [cldty Mcc`s ca Zcrsgdp iaeFgurfg Ndadstry

Mcc`s ca EdstdaftEbacndaitdcailBfflbsdclcjdbs





:

Jbabril Mcc`s caViaftdfitdca iae tgb

Fgrdstdia Ldhb Mcc`s ca Edstdaft

[brspbftdvbs caViaftdfitdca

Actbs 9=5

[irt Uwc? “Zgba Gb ]bturas?]bsurrbftdca, Ouejnbat, iaetgb ]bstcritdca„ my Ndfgibl O.Vvdjbl 969

Gdjg-Iltdtueb Vurvby 966

Bsfgitclcjy? Dt—s Ill ImcutGcpb

Bsfgitclcjy? Dt—s Ill ImcutGdn

[issijbs tc Nistbr 95=

9. Ugb Abw Gbivbas iae AbwBirtg

Dsidig 82‖88

=. Ugb Abw Fcvbaiat Obrbndig 69

6. ]bsurrbftdca iae]bstcritdca

Bzb`dbl 6:‖57

5. Ugb Bae ch tgb Zdf`be]ulbrs

Eiadbl =, :, 4‖9=

2. Ugb Eiy ch tgb Lcre Ocbl 9‖6

8. Ouejnbat iae ]bstcritdca _bfgirdig 9=‖95

:. Ugb Jrbit Urdmulitdca Nittgbw =5‖=2 (Nir` 960 Lu`b

=9?2‖67)

7. Ugb Niaabr ch Fgrdst—s]btura

Ifts 9?8‖99

4. Ugb ]bstcritdca ch IllFrbitdca

]cnias 7?97‖=2

9;. Ugb ]bsurrbftdca ch tgbMcey

9 Fcrdatgdias 92?9=‖27 99. Mcedly ]bsurrbftdca iae tgb

Datbrnbeditb Vtitb = Fcrdatgdias 2?9‖9;

9=. ]bsurrbftdca iae ]ipturb 9 Ugbssilcadias 5?96‖2?99

96. Ugb Nia ch Vda iae tgbEiy ch tgb Lcre

= Ugbssilcadias =?9‖9=

95. Ugb Eiy ch tgb Lcre iaetgb Abw Frbitdca

= [btbr 6?9‖97

92. Ugb ]btura ch Fgrdst,Ndllbaadun, iae AbwFrbitdca

]bvblitdca 94‖==

Ugb Bae Udnbs da

]btrcspbft 97; Ugb [itrdstdf [brdce

(f. IE 9;;‖2;;) Ugb Nbedbvil [brdce

(2;;‖92;;) Ugb [rctbstiat [brdce


(9:;;‖[rbsbat)

Hifts tc Abvbr Hcrjbt 94=

9. Obsus Fgrdst ds fcndajmif` is Ouejb iae @daj.

=. Acmcey `acws wgbaFgrdst wdll rbtura.

6. Jce wdll rbebbn curmcedbs tgrcujg pgysdfil

rbsurrbftdca. 5. Jce wdll uttbrly briedfitbsda, subrdaj, iae ebitg.

2. Zb ill nust jdvb iaiffcuat hcr cur ldvbsmbhcrb Jce.

Fcatbats





7 Fcatbats

8. Ill ch Jce—s plias iaeprcndsbs wdll mb hulllbe.

:. Fgrdst—s `dajecn wdllbaeurb hcrbvbr iae bvbr.

Eiajbrs tc Ivcde =;;

9. Gbdacus Gbrbsy =. Ny Ziy cr tgb Gdjgwiy 6. Bae-Udnbs Ijacstdfdsn 5. Ugds-Ds-Ugit Vyaercnb 2. Ugb Eitdaj Jinb

8. Bae-Udnbs Cmsbssdca :. Hbirhul Hrbttdaj

[rdafdplbs tc [ut Datc[riftdfb =;4

9. Zidt bijbrly hcr Fgrdst—srbtura wdtg i ldhb ldvbe dagcldabss.

=. Davbst da btbradty, act da

tbnpcrildtdbs. 6. Hcfus ca hcuaeitdcailhifts, act dafdebatilcpdadcas.

5. Eca—t mb frusgbe myprbsbat subrdaj0 mbfcnhcrtbe my huturbsplbaecr.

2. Jitgbr chtba tc bxgcrt cab

iactgbr tc lcvb iae jccewcr`s.

Xcdfbs Hrcn tgb [ist iae[rbsbat =92

Ugb [itrdstdf [brdce (f. IE9;;‖2;;)

Ugb Nbedbvil [brdce(2;;‖92;;)

Ugb [rctbstiat [brdce(92;;‖9:;;)

Ugb Ncebra [brdce(9:;;‖[rbsbat)

Vgblh Vpifb? ]bfcnnbaeitdcashcr Tcur Ldmriry ==:

Jbabril Mcc`s caBsfgitclcjy iae Gcpb

Mcc`s ca tgb Gdstcry chBsfgitclcjy

Mcc`s ca tgb Urdmulitdcaiae tgb Iatdfgrdst

Mcc`s ca Ndllbaadil Xdbws

Mcc`s ca tgb ]ipturb Mcc`s ca [rcpgbtdf

Vfrdpturb

Actbs =69

Jlcssiry ch Ubrns hcr tgbFgurfg, Vpdrdtuil Jrcwtg,iae tgb Bae Udnbs =6:

Vfrdpturb Daebx =5:





4

Datrceuftdca

Hcr scnb pbcplb, tgb wcre ecftrdab sunncas yiwas ch tbedun,

sgueebrs ch trbpdeitdca, cr hrcwas ch suspdfdca. Ecjnitdf prbifgbrs

bxispbritb tgbn, hbuedaj ebacndaitdcas wbiry tgbn, iae ercadaj

sfgclirs mcrb tgbn.

Zgba pbcplb gbir tgbclcjy, tgb fcaedtdca scnbtdnbs wcrsbas. Ugbypdfturb nissdvb tcnbs pif`be wdtg tbfgadfil edsfussdcas, lbss-tgia-

frufdil eiti, iae dafcnprbgbasdmlb hcctactbs―uausimlb dahcrnitdca

tc edstrift tgbn hrcn Jce ritgbr tgia eriwdaj tgbn abirbr.

Ncst pbcplb sbb`daj tc jrcw da tgbdr hidtg wiat priftdfil prda-

fdplbs, act tgbcrbtdfil fcafbpts. Ugby wiat tc àcw Jce, act oust

àcw imcut Gdn.

Tbt tgb hift ds tgit wb fia—t bxpbrdbafb rbil spdrdtuil jrcwtg wdtgcut

sclde spdrdtuil trutg. Zb fia—t àcw tgb trub Jce wdtgcut àcwdajJce truly.

Da tgit fisb, wgbrb ec wb stirt3 Gcw ec wb mbjda tc girvbst da

tgds hrudthul ble wdtgcut jbttdaj fiujgt da tgb tiajlbe uaebrmrusg

ch nbrb cpdadcas iae dedcsyafrisdbs3 Gcw fia wb scrt tgrcujg wgit

sbbn ld`b fcuatlbss fcatriedftcry tgbcrdbs tc ae tgb bssbatdil trutgs

abfbssiry hcr strbajtgbadaj iae ldvdaj cut cur hidtg3

Bxplcrdaj Fgrdstdia Ugbclcjy wdll cbr datrceuftdcas, cvbrvdbws,

iae rbvdbws ch `by crtgcecx, prctbstiat, bviajbldfil tbabts wdtgcutmblimcrdaj ebtidls cr mrcdldaj up ebmitbs. Ugb tgrbb BFU vclunbs,

fcnpift mut sumstiatdil, prcvdeb iffbssdmlb iae fcavbadbat sunnirdbs

ch niocr tgbnbs0 tgby—rb datbaebe is judebmcc`s hcr i fgurfg tgit,

cvbrill, ds stirvdaj hcr tgb vbry ecftrdab dt—s tcc lcaj ivcdebe.





9; Datrceuftdca

Bifg vclunb dafluebs prdniry mdmldfil tbxts, i gdstcry ch bifg

nida tbifgdaj, rblbviat fgirts iae jripgs, priftdfil dnpldfitdcas, iae

sujjbstdcas hcr ldtbriturb tgit ycu ndjgt wiat tc givb da ycur cwaldmriry. Iae cab ch cur jcils hcr tgds wcr` ds tc cbr gblp tc tgcsb

wgc givba—t rbie nufg da tgb wiy ch tgbclcjy. Vc wb—vb dafluebe i

jlcssiry ch tbrns―tgb uausuil iae tgb sdjadfiat. Dh it iay pcdat

ycu sbb ia uahindldir wcre cr wcaebr imcut i ebadtdca, fcasdebr

ti`daj i ncnbat tc fgbf` tgit ldst. Da i sdndlir vbda, ycu fia lcc`

it tgb timlb ch fcatbats hcr i stridjgthcrwire iae crjiadzbe jldnpsb

ch wgit—s tc fcnb.

Hurtgbr, bifg pirt cr sbftdca (b.j., tgds vclunb gis twc pirts) fia

stiae ilcab―mb rbie cr rbhbrbafbe ca dts cwa. Cr ycu fia stuey

tgrcujg ill tgb sbftdcas rblitbe tc cab “rbjdca„ ch tgbclcjy iae wil`

iwiy wdtg i giaelb ca dts mdmldfil, tgbclcjdfil, gdstcrdfil, iae priftdfil

ednbasdcas. Da ctgbr wcres, tgbsb mcc`s fia mb usbe da i aunmbr ch

wiys, sudtimlb tc ycur pirtdfulir abbes cr datbrbsts.

Bxplcrdaj Fgrdstdia Ugbclcjy edbrs hrcn ctgbr ndad-tgbclcjdbs da

tgit dt strdvbs tc prbsbat i mrcie fcasbasus, act i fcaebasbe systbn-itdf ncebl ch cab bviajbldfil tbifgbr cr prctbstiat triedtdca. Ugus

ycu ndjgt usb tgbsb vclunbs hcr edsfdplbsgdp, fitbfgdsn, nbnmbrsgdp

tridadaj, prbvdbw cr rbvdbw ch ecftrdab, cr pbrscail rbhbrbafb. Ld`b

tgb bviajbldfil ncvbnbat dtsblh, wb sbb` tc mb crtgcecx iae datbr-

ebacndaitdcail wdtgda i flissdf fcasbasus.

Urbit bifg vclunb is i sdnplb prdnbr tgit supplbnbats (act sup-

pliats) ncrb ebtidlbe trbitnbats ch tgbclcjy―tgit fcnplbnbats

(ritgbr tgia fcnpbtbs wdtg) datbrnbeditb iae ieviafbe wcr`s. Issufg, rbjirelbss ch ebacndaitdcail cr fcahbssdcail fcnndtnbats,

tgbsb mcc`s ld`bwdsb fia mb usbe my ndadstry tridadaj prcjrins, Mdmlb

fcllbjbs, cr sbndairdbs hcr stuebats prbpirdaj tc uaebrti`b da-ebptg

stuey. Zgitbvbr ycur mif`jrcuae, ebjrbb ch datbrbst, cr lbvbl ch bx-

pbrtdsb, wb gcpb tgds vclunb wca—t mb tgb bae ch i mrdbh oiuat mut tgb

mbjdaadaj ch i ldhblcaj ocuraby datc―cr i gblphul ide ilcajsdeb ycur

cajcdaj dnnbrsdca datc―tgb bxfdtdaj wcrle ch Fgrdstdia tgbclcjy.

Aitgia E. Gclstbba iae Ndfgibl O. Vvdjbl

Jbabril Bedtcrs





99

If`acwlbejnbats

Zb wiat tc if`acwlbejb tgb gblphul fcatrdmutdcas ch sbvbril daed-

vdeuils wgc pdtfgbe da eurdaj tgb pliaadaj, rbsbirfg, iae wrdtdaj

ch tgds vclunb.

Cur fcllbijubs da tgb ebpirtnbat ch Ugbclcjdfil Vtuedbs it Eillis

Ugbclcjdfil Vbndairy ebsbrvb rbfcjadtdca. Ugby irb ill hir ncrb tgia

fcllbijubs―tgby—rb mrctgbrs, ievdscrs, nbatcrs, iae hrdbaes.Lu`b Gittbmbrj, Jirrdf` Midlby, Aitgia [bbts, iae Mba Lcwbry, da-

tbras, issdstbe wdtg rbsbirfg iae bxgdmdtbe i pissdca act caly hcr mdmld-

fil, gdstcrdfil, iae systbnitdf tgbclcjy mut ilsc hcr sgirdaj bviajbldfil

tgbclcjy wdtg i fgurfg da ebspbritb abbe ch ecftrdail acurdsgnbat.

]bv. Ebia _dnnbrnia iae [istcr Iracle ]cmbrtstie gblpbe nb

(Nd`b) stiy miliafbe iae hidr da ny prbsbatitdca ch lbjdtdnitb bvia-

jbldfil vdbws tgit D eca—t gcle mut tgby ec.

Ny (Aitgia—s) wdhb, Oiadfb, ebsbrvbs tgia`s. Vgb ilwiys ̀ bbps nbjrcuaebe iae rbndaes nb tc is` fcastiatly, “Zgit ecbs tgds nbia

wgbrb tgb rummbr gdts tgb rcie3„ D tgia` Jce hcr gbr pirtabrsgdp.

D (Nd`b) ilsc wiat tc tgia` ny wdhb, Vtbpgiadb, hcr gbr pitdbat

suppcrt iae hcr gbr fcastiat bafcurijbnbat tc wrdtb i mcc` sgb fia

iftuilly usb.

Zb wiat tc tgia` cur ijbat, Vtbvb Liumb, hcr gblpdaj us nissijb

tgds prcobft0 Udn [btbrsca hcr gds tdrblbss bcrts da tgb bedtdaj iae

pumldsgdaj prcfbss0 Fgrdstcpgbr Vcebrstrcn hcr gds daviluimlb dasdjgts

iae sujjbstdcas0 iae tgb bedtcrdil iae nir`btdaj tbin it Mbtgiay

Gcusb hcr tgbdr mbgdae-tgb-sfbabs wcr`.





96

Ugb Fgrdstdia Vtcry

da Hcur Ifts

Ec ycu rbnbnmbr tgds stcry3

Ugb ycuaj abpgbw ch i rujjbe ncdsturb hirnbr jrcws up uaebr

tgb stddaj riys ch Uitccdab—s twda suas. Mut ncrb cpprbssdvb tgiatgb gbit ch tgit ebsbrt pliabt ds tgb snctgbrdaj jrdp ch tgb mcy—s iuat

iae uaflb, wgc—vb hcstbrbe gds aiãvbtä iae `bpt gdn musy fildmritdaj

nifgdabs, flbiadaj ercdes, iae rbpidrdaj bqudpnbat. Iaytgdaj tc

`bbp gdn hrcn is`daj imcut gds pist, fcnplidadaj imcut gds wrbtfgbe

fcaedtdca, cr erbindaj imcut i ebstday tgit fcule erdvb gdn hir hrcn

gcnb. Vtdll, ebbp da gds gbirt, ycuaj Lu`b V`ywil`br sbasbs i lirjbr

wcrle “cut tgbrb,„ mbycae tgb mlbi` gcrdzca, pist tgb mlizdaj suas,

iae ifrcss tgb edstiat stirs ch tgit jilixy hir, hir iwiy.Bvbr sdafb tgb ln—s crdjdail rblbisb da 94::, tgb Vtir Zirs pgb-

acnbaca gis fcatdaube tc rbscaitb wdtg ycuaj iae cle ild`b, triedaj

da uadvbrsil tgbnbs ch hill, strujjlb, sblh-sifrdfb, iae rbebnptdca.

Ncst stcrytbllbrs iendt tgit tgb ncvdbs rbbft scnbtgdaj prchcuae

imcut tgb gunia bxpbrdbafb, tcufgdaj scnbtgdaj ebbp wdtgda tgb

scul. Jbcrjb Lufis, tgb frbitcr ch tgb Vtir Zirs hriafgdsb, qudtb da-

tbatdcailly fist gds airritdvb da i tdnb-tbstbe hcrn, erda`daj ebbply

hrcn tgb wblls ch iafdbat nytgclcjy iae dafcrpcritdaj tgbnbs tgitrbpbitbely ippbir da bpdf pcbns, pliys, lbjbaes, nytgs, iae rbldjdcus

mbldbhs ch virdcus wcrle fulturbs.9

Lufis utdldzbe wgit stcrytbllbrs chtba fill “tgb gbrc fyflb.„ = Zdtg

tgds pittbra, iutgcrs jrisp iae gcle tgbdr iuedbafb my tippdaj datc





95 Ugb Fgrdstdia Vtcry da Hcur Ifts

uadvbrsil bxpbrdbafbs―blbnbats fcnnca tc ncst cr ill daedvdeuils

iae fulturbs?

• ia bxpbrdbafb ch pbrscail fcadft mbtwbba jcce iae bvdl

• hrustritdca wdtg tgb prbsbat wcrle

• iaxdbtdbs imcut tgb huturb

• i sbasb ch givdaj i jrbitbr purpcsb iae nbiadaj

• tgb fcavdftdca tgit tgds wcrle dsa—t tgb wiy dt—s suppcsbe tc mb

• tgb gcpb tgit tgdajs wdll cab eiy mb mbttbr tgia tgby irb

I Uypdfil Gbrc Fyflb

[iriedsb(Ldhb)

Hill(Ebsfbat)

Gbll(Ebitg)

Cur wbll-`acwa stcrdbs ch dadtditdca, hill, strujjlb, tbstdaj, rbebnp-

tdca, iae ultdnitb vdftcry put datc wcres, pcrtriy ca stijb, cr prcobft

ca sfrbba tgb uafcasfdcus rbildtdbs wb hbbl da cur gbirts. Cur hivcrdtb

ncvdbs cr mcc`s irb “hivcrdtbs„ mbfiusb tgby tcufg ca tgbnbs rblitbe

tc tgds fyflb tgit rbscaitbs wdtg cur bxpbrdbafbs. Ugby “spbi`„ tc

us, davdtdaj us tc batbr datc i lirjbr stcry tgit triasfbaes cur lcably

daedvdeuildsn iae cur ebtbrdcritdaj wcrle.6

]bndadsfbat ch tgb gbrc fyflb (wdtg scnb istcadsgdaj twdsts), tgb

fgrcadflb ch tgb flissdf Fgrdstdia hidtg ds i fiptdvitdaj iffcuat tgit

fia mb sunnbe up da hcur ifts? Frbitdca, Hill, ]bebnptdca, iae

]bstcritdca.

]bebnptdca(Isfbat)





92

Jce—s Vtcry? Hrcn tgb Jireba tc Jlcry

Frbitdca([iriedsb)

]bstcritdca([iriedsb)

Gbll(Ebitg)

H

i l l

( E b s f b a

t )

] b e b

n p t d c

a

( I s f

b a t )

Ift D? Frbitdca

Dh i fcnpcsbr wbrb tc wrdtb i sfcrb hcr tgb Cle Ubstinbat, wgit ̀ dae ch

nctdhs wcule gb cr sgb bnplcy3 Jbatlb girps iae nblcedf strdajs3 Ni-

obstdf trunpbts3 Ebldjgthul wccewdaes cr pcuaedaj eruns3 Ugrcujg

wgitbvbr nbias, tgb tgbnb wcule prcmimly mbjda wdtg i murst ch

synpgcadf jriaebur, hcllcwbe my i curdsg ch datbrwcvba nblcedbs

sdjadhydaj tgb frbitdca ch gbivba iae birtg da jlcrdcus pbrhbftdca.

Is tgds mcle cvbrturb rbsclvbe datc i mldsshul millie, gcwbvbr, i eir` iaecndacus ndacr fgcre wcule sldtgbr datc tgb nblcey, bvbatuilly turadaj

tgb ̀ by hrcn niocr tc ndacr. [brgips cmcbs iae missccas wcule rbplifb

utbs iae pdffclcs0 batbr miss eruns hcr xylcpgcabs0 fbllcs iae missbs hcr

vdcldas iae girps0 tumis hcr trunpbts. Zb—e gbir girsg, edsfcreiat actbs.

Bvba sc, inde tgds fifcpgcay, gdats ch tgb crdjdail mbiuty, niobsty,

iae pcwbr wcule cffisdcailly mrbi` tgrcujg, prcndsdaj tc rbbnbrjb

iae bvbatuilly, ultdnitbly, tc trdunpg.

Zgit, da wcres, ds tgb tgbnb ch tgb Cle Ubstinbat3 Ugb trijdfhill ch i pbrhbft frbitdca hcllcwbe my ouejnbat iae tgb prcndsb ch

ail rbebnptdca.

Jbabsds 9‖= stuaadajly ebpdfts tgb crdjdail frbitdca ch tgb gbivbas,

tgb birtg, ill ldvdaj tgdajs, iae gunia`dae. Ugb stcry mbjdas act

Ugb Fgrdstdia Vtcry da Hcur Ifts






wdtg fcnpbtdaj ebdtdbs cr ia imsclutb actgdajabss mut wdtg Jce?

“Da tgb mbjdaadaj, Jce frbitbe tgb gbivbas iae tgb birtg„ (Jba.

9?9). Jce, tgrcujg Gds btbrail Vca iae Vpdrdt, frbitbe bvbrytgdaj tgitbxdsts―wgbtgbr tgdajs da gbivba cr tgdajs ca birtg, “tgdajs vdsdmlb

iae davdsdmlb.„5 Ugb trduab Jce ds tgb Iutgcr, [rceufbr, Edrbftcr,

iae lbiedaj Iftcr da tgb stcry ch frbitdca iae rbebnptdca. Iae, is

Nistbr Vtcrytbllbr, Gb gis nieb gdnsblh àcwa tgrcujg Gds wcr`s

([s. 94?9‖=) iae tgrcujg Gds Zcre (= Udn. 6?98). Gb mctg sgcws iae

tblls Gds pcwbr, Gds plia, iae Gds purpcsb. Vdnply put, tgb jrbit iae

ndjgty Jce ds àcwimlb iae gis nieb gdnsblh àcwa?

Lcaj ijc, it niay tdnbs iae da niay wiys, Jce spc`b tc cur hitgbrs

my tgb prcpgbts, mut da tgbsb list eiys gb gis spc`ba tc us my gds Vca,

wgcn gb ippcdatbe tgb gbdr ch ill tgdajs, tgrcujg wgcn ilsc gb frb-

itbe tgb wcrle.2

Is tgb frcwadaj wcr` ch Gds frbitdca, Jce nieb gunias, nilb

iae hbnilb, fc-rbjbats cvbr wgit Gb gie nieb wdtg i niaeitb tc “mb

hrudthul iae nultdply iae ll tgb birtg iae sumeub dt„ (Jba. 9?=7). Jceebsdrbe tc sgirb tgb stijb ch Gds prceuftdca wdtg frbiturbs Gb hcrnbe

hrcn nue, triashcrndaj eust datc stirs ([s. 7?6‖8). Ugby wbrb frbitbe

da tgb dnijb ch Jce―tgit ds, rbbftdaj Gds jlcry iae fgiriftbr iae

ebstdabe tc rulb is Gds rbprbsbatitdvbs cvbr frbitdca (Jba. 9?=8‖6;).

Is Jce—s dnijb-mbirdaj bavcys, gunias wbrb tc wcr̀ da tgb [iriedsb

ch Beba, fultdvitdaj dt iae ultdnitbly bxtbaedaj dts mcrebrs tc fcvbr

tgb batdrb uafultdvitbe birtg (=?:‖=2).

Ift DD? Hill

Ilis, tgit stitb ch purb daacfbafb wcule act list. Is datblldjbat frbiturbs

jdvba hrbb wdll, tgb rst gunias suffunmbe tc tbnptitdca iae turabe

tgbdr mif`s ca tgbdr Frbitcr, hcrhbdtdaj tgbdr rclb is Gds rulbrs cvbr birtg

iae hilldaj vdftdn tc sda iae ebitg (Jba. 6). Ugb mlist wivb ch tgds eds-

cmbedbafb rbscuaes hcrwire tgrcujg ill gunia gdstcry, dts ebvistitdajbbfts dllustritbe da Jbabsds 5‖99? nurebr, iairfgy, ebstruftdca, iae

tgba rbmblldca ijidast Jce. Bvbrymcey tceiy wdll iendt tgit scnbtgdaj

ds wrcaj wdtg tgb wcrle iae wdtg tgb pbcplb da dt. Is Bfflbsdistbs siys,

“Vurbly tgbrb ds act i rdjgtbcus nia ca birtg wgc ecbs jcce iae abvbr





9:

sdas„ (:?=;), iae “Ugb gbirts ch tgb scas ch nba irb hull ch bvdl iae

dasiadty ds da tgbdr gbirts tgrcujgcut tgbdr ldvbs„ (4?6 ).

Ugus gilh tgb stcry fyflb ds fcnplbtb―hrcn [iriedsb iae ldhb,tgrcujg trijdf hill, tc ia birtgly stitb ch ldvdaj fcaebnaitdca iae

tgba uadvbrsil ebitg.

Ift DDD? ]bebnptdca

Dh wb wbrb tc fcnndssdca tgb sinb fcnpcsbr tc sfcrb i Abw Ubsti-

nbat sbqubl tc tgb Cle Ubstinbat pirt ch tgb stcry, wgit `dae chtgbnbs wcule wb wiat3 Gcw ecbs tgb fcatdauitdca ch Gds-stcry da

tgb Abw Ubstinbat rblitb tc dts mbjdaadajs da tgb Cle3

Ugb sbqubl—s sfcrb wcule prcmimly lcc` ld`b i ndrrcr dnijb ch

tgb dadtdil tgbnbs. Hrcn eir`abss tc ldjgt, hrcn hill, ouejnbat, iae

prcndsbs ebliybe tc prcndsbs hulllbe, nbrfy iae jrifb bxtbaebe, iae

rbebnptdca rbildzbe. Edsfcreiat actbs iae fgcres wcule mb rbplifbe

my i synpgcay ch dastrunbats iae vcdfbs sdajdaj pridsbs tc cur Jce

iae @daj. Ugb abirly hcrjcttba cpbadaj sfbabs ch tgb prbqubl wculemb rbstcrbe iae tgba surpissbe.

Zgit, tgba, ds tgb tgbnb ch tgb Abw Ubstinbat3 Ugb lcaj-iwidtbe

rbebnptdca ch i hillba frbitdca hcllcwbe my tgb rbstcritdca iae hulll-

nbat ch ill Jce—s prcndsbs iae purpcsbs.

Jce ede act imiaeca gunia`dae tc gcpblbssabss. Ilrbiey da Jba-

bsds 6, ihtbr tgb hill ch Iein iae Bvb, Gb plbejbe tgit tgb csprdaj ch

tgb wcnia wcule mrudsb tgb Vbrpbat—s gbie, ultdnitbly ebstrcydaj sda

iae bvdl (v. 92). Gb tgba ieviafbe Gds plia ch rbebnptdca tgrcujg tgb

filldaj ch Imrigin (Jba. 9=), tc wgcn Gb prcndsbe tgit i pirtdfu-

lir csprdaj wcule nbeditb mlbssdajs tc tgb wcrle (Jba. 96?920 Jil.

6?92‖98). Ihtbr tgds prcndsb pissbe hrcn Imrigin tgrcujg Dsiif iae

Oifcm tc tgb trdmb ch Oueig, dt tgba airrcwbe tc tgb eyaisty ch @daj

Eivde. Da Dsidig—s hincus prcpgbfy tgds sinb prcndsb ch i ]bebbnbr

ds airrcwbe tc ia daedvdeuil fcndaj `daj, tgb Nbssdig?

Ugb pbcplb wgc wil` da eir`abss

Zdll sbb i jrbit ldjgt0

Ugcsb wgc ldvb da i eir` liae,

Ugb ldjgt wdll sgdab ca tgbn. . . .

Hcr i fgdle wdll mb mcra tc us, i sca wdll mb jdvba tc us0







Iae tgb jcvbranbat wdll rbst ca Gds sgculebrs0

Iae Gds ainb wdll mb fillbe Zcaebrhul Fcuasblcr, Ndjgty Jce,

Btbrail Hitgbr, [rdafb ch [bifb.Ugbrb wdll mb ac bae tc tgb dafrbisb ch Gds jcvbranbat cr

ch pbifb,

Ca tgb tgrcab ch Eivde iae cvbr gds `dajecn,

Uc bstimldsg dt iae tc upgcle dt wdtg oustdfb iae rdjgtbcusabss

Hrcn tgba ca iae hcrbvbrncrb. (Dsi. 4?=, 8‖: )

Ugb rbebnptdca plia fcatdaube tc mb rbvbilbe tgrcujgcut tgb Cle

Ubstinbat Vfrdpturbs. Ebspdtb gunia hidlurbs―bvba ch tgcsb tc wgcnGb—e jdvba inizdaj juiriatbbs ch Gds prbsbafb iae lcvb―Jce rb-

nidabe hidtghul, ultdnitbly sbaedaj tgb prcndsbe Csprdaj―Gds

cwa edvdab Vca (Ocga 6?98).

Zgba Jce—s Vca wis tc batbr tgb rbebnptdca stcry, Jce sbat tgb

iajbl Jimrdbl tc fcarn tgit tgds fgdle, mcra tc i pccr hindly hrcn ia

dasdjadfiat vdllijb, wis tgb Cab tgrcujg wgcn tgb iafdbat prcndsbs

wcule mb hulllbe?

Tcu wdll fcafbdvb da ycur wcnm iae mbir i sca, iae ycu sgill ainb

Gdn Obsus. Gb wdll mb jrbit iae wdll mb fillbe tgb Vca ch tgb Ncst

Gdjg0 iae tgb Lcre Jce wdll jdvb Gdn tgb tgrcab ch Gds hitgbr Eivde0

iae Gb wdll rbdja cvbr tgb gcusb ch Oifcm hcrbvbr, iae Gds `dajecn

wdll givb ac bae. (Lu`b 9?69‖66 )

Is tgb plct uahclebe, tgcujg, Jce—s airritdvb tcc` i wcrle-sgi`daj

tura. Dastbie ch hcllcwdaj tgb fyflb—s upwire pitg―tgb Gbrc pissbstgrcujg virdcus trdils, baeurbs sbtmif`s, iae cvbrfcnbs hidlurbs wgdlb

prbssdaj ca tcwire Gds rbwire―Jce—s Fgcsba Cab rbtrifbe tgb eb-

sfbat, surrbaebrdaj Gds ldhb tc tgb bxbfutdcabr. Ugb caly mbdaj da

gunia gdstcry tgit ebsbrvbe abvbr-baedaj ldhb wdtg Jce vcluatirdly

subrbe i mrutil ebitg ([gdl. =?2‖7).

Bvba tgds drcadf hitb gie mbba hcrbtcle da tgb prcpgbfdbs ch Dsidig?

Vurbly cur jrdbhs Gb Gdnsblh mcrb,

Iae cur scrrcws Gb firrdbe0

Tbt wb cursblvbs bstbbnbe Gdn strdf`ba,

Vndttba ch Jce, iae istdftbe.

Mut Gb wis pdbrfbe tgrcujg hcr cur triasjrbssdcas,





94

Gb wis frusgbe hcr cur dadqudtdbs0

Ugb fgistbadaj hcr cur wbll-mbdaj hbll upca Gdn,

Iae my Gds sfcurjdaj wb irb gbilbe.Ill ch us ld`b sgbbp givb jcab istriy,

Bifg ch us gis turabe tc gds cwa wiy0

Mut tgb L gis fiusbe tgb dadqudty ch us ill

Uc hill ca Gdn. (Dsi. 26?5‖8 )

Abvbrtgblbss, hcr Jce—s nitfglbss Gbrc, ebitg wis act tgb bae.

Ijidast ill bxpbftitdcas―dafluedaj tgcsb ch Gds ebspidrdaj hcllcwbrs―

Obsus ch Aizirbtg wis ridsbe hrcn tgb jrivb iae stbppbe cut ch tgbtcnm ncrb tgia ildvb―Gb wis jlcrdbe. Givdaj edbe da i ncrtil

mcey susfbptdmlb tc sdf`abss, pida, iae ebitg, Gb wis ridsbe da i pgys-

dfil mut dnncrtil mcey, dafipimlb ch dllabss, dnpbrvdcus tc gurt, iae

cvbrcwdaj wdtg btbrail ldhb.

Hurtgbrncrb, tgrcujg Obsus Fgrdst, Jce mbjia wrdtdaj Gds-stcry—s

ail fgiptbr. Ugcsb pbcplb wgc mbfinb uadtbe wdtg Fgrdst my plifdaj

tgbdr hidtg da Gdn fcule acw pirti`b ch Gds jlcry, sgirdaj tgb Gbrc—s

rbwire, iae surpissdaj bvba tgb crdjdail purpcsb hcr gunia`dae tgitJce gie bstimldsgbe ijbs ijc da Beba.

Ugb Gbrc—s vdftcrdcus rbbatriafb datc tgb gills ch gbivba cpbabe i

abw fgiptbr da Jce—s uahcledaj erini. Ihtbr tgb rbsurrbftbe Vivdcr—s

isfbasdca, iae prdcr tc Gds da-tgb-bae rbtura is Ouejb iae @daj, Gb

sbat Gds Vpdrdt tc stdr tgb gbirts ch Gds hcrnbr babndbs iae fill tgbn tc

Gds fiusb. Fcuatlbss fcavbrts hrcn bvbry aitdca, trdmb, pbcplb, iae lia-

juijb givb mbba iae stdll irb cf`daj tc Gds sdeb (]bv. :?4‖9;). Ugrcujg

spdrdtuil uadca wdtg tgbdr @daj, tgds `dajecn-da-tgb-ni`daj ilsc bx-

pbrdbafbs i sgirbe spdrdtuil fcnnuadca da tgb fgurfg. Ugrcujg tgds

spdrdtuil-pgysdfil fcnnuadty ch tgb ldhb-jdvdaj Vpdrdt, fbatbrbe ca Obsus

Fgrdst—s pbrsca iae wcr` iae hcfusbe ca tgb jlcry ch Jce tgb Hitgbr,

nbnmbrs ch Fgrdst—s mcey jrcw da hidtg, gcpb, iae lcvb. Ucjbtgbr tgby

mbfcnb ncrb iae ncrb ld`b Obsus tgbdr @daj, tgb Vpdrdt wcr`daj da tgbn

tc firry cut tgb Hitgbr—s rbebnptdvb ndssdca da tgds stdll-hillba wcrle.8

Ift DX? ]bstcritdca

Ugit mrdajs us tc tgb ail rbsclutdca, tgb huturb rbstcritdca ch tgb

crdjdail frbitdca. Da tgb mbjdaadaj, gunias wbrb bxpbllbe hrcn Beba,






=; Ugb Fgrdstdia Vtcry da Hcur Ifts

uaimlb tc bxpbrdbafb dnncrtildty da i [iriedsb hrbb hrcn subrdaj,

hrustritdca, hbir, iae ebitg. It tgb prbsbat tdnb Jce, tgrcujg Fgrdst

iae my tgb Vpdrdt, ds filldaj tc gdnsblh i pbcplb wgc wdll pirtdfdpitb daGds erini—s ail fgiptbr. Zgba Obsus rbturas iae rbabws ill tgdajs,

frbitdca—s jrciadaj wdll mb turabe tc jlcry is tgb batdrb birtg ds trias-

hcrnbe datc i abw, bvba mbttbr Beba, iae ill tgcsb wgc—vb mbba uadtbe

wdtg Fgrdst wdll mb nieb ld`b Gdn (9 Ocga 6?=).

]bvblitdca =9?6‖5 ebsfrdmbs tgb jlcrdcus fcndaj rbildty?

Mbgcle, tgb timbraiflb ch Jce ds incaj nba, iae Gb wdll ewbll incaj

tgbn, iae tgby sgill mb Gds pbcplb, iae Jce Gdnsblh wdll mb incajtgbn, iae Gb wdll wdpb iwiy bvbry tbir hrcn tgbdr bybs0 iae tgbrb

wdll ac lcajbr mb iay ebitg0 tgbrb wdll ac lcajbr mb iay ncuradaj, cr

frydaj, cr pida0 tgb rst tgdajs givb pissbe iwiy. ()

Ugus, mbtwbba Jbabsds iae ]bvblitdca―hrcn tgb Jireba tc Jlcry―

Jce—s uapirillblbe stcry uahcles. Bvbry pbrsca iae bvbat ncvbs gds-

tcry iae guniadty hcrwire tcwire i ail jcil―rbstcritdca. Jce—s

jriae airritdvb ch frbitdca, hill, rbebnptdca, iae rbstcritdca trulysitdsbs cur rbstlbss lcajdajs hcr purpcsb iae nbiadaj iae ilsc hul-

lls cur gbirt—s ebsdrb hcr iffbptiafb da nbiadajhul rblitdcasgdp. Is

Iujustdab cafb priybe, “Tcu givb nieb us hcr ycursblh, iae cur gbirt

ds rbstlbss uatdl dt rbsts da ycu.„:

Ugb tdnblbss stcry ilsc prcvdebs ia ultdnitb iaswbr tc gunia daous-

tdfb iae dabquildty, is Fgrdst—s `dajecn wdll mb ia btbrail jcleba ijb

ch pbifb iae prcspbrdty hcr ill (Dsi. 99?9‖4). Ld`bwdsb, dt cbrs vdtil,

uasgi`imlb gcpb tc tgcsb wgc acw irb gurtdaj, iae lcably, iae lcst.Ugb fcafrbtb prcndsbs iae ebtidlbe vdsdcas Jce gis prbsbrvbe hcr us

tgrcujgcut tgb Vfrdpturbs prcvdeb gbildaj gcpb tc tgcsb strujjldaj

wdtg iaxdbty, hbir, ebspidr, iae ebprbssdca. Zgba i pbrsca—s jizb ds

eriwa hrcn gds cr gbr tbnpcriry jrciadaj tc tgb fbrtidaty ch huturb

bvbrlistdaj jlcry tgrcujg rbsurrbftdca iae rbstcritdca, tgb wcres ch

tgb ipcstlb [iul rdaj trub?

D fcasdebr tgit tgb subrdajs ch tgds prbsbat tdnb irb act wcrtgy tc mb

fcnpirbe wdtg tgb jlcry tgit ds tc mb rbvbilbe tc us. Hcr tgb iaxdcus

lcajdaj ch tgb frbitdca widts bijbrly hcr tgb rbvbildaj ch tgb scas ch

Jce. Hcr tgb frbitdca wis sumobftbe tc hutdldty, act wdlldajly, mut mbfiusb

ch Gdn wgc sumobftbe dt, da gcpb tgit tgb frbitdca dtsblh ilsc wdll mb





=9

sbt hrbb hrcn dts slivbry tc fcrruptdca datc tgb hrbbecn ch tgb jlcry

ch tgb fgdlerba ch Jce. Hcr wb `acw tgit tgb wgclb frbitdca jrcias

iae subrs tgb pidas ch fgdlemdrtg tcjbtgbr uatdl acw. Iae act calytgds, mut ilsc wb cursblvbs, givdaj tgb rst hrudts ch tgb Vpdrdt, bvba

wb cursblvbs jrcia wdtgda cursblvbs, widtdaj bijbrly hcr cur iecptdca

is scas, tgb rbebnptdca ch cur mcey. Hcr da gcpb wb givb mbba sivbe,

mut gcpb tgit ds sbba ds act gcpb0 hcr wgc gcpbs hcr wgit gb ilrbiey

sbbs3 Mut dh wb gcpb hcr wgit wb ec act sbb, wdtg pbrsbvbriafb wb widt

bijbrly hcr dt. (]cn. 7?97‖=2 )

Ugb jcce abws imcut Jce—s stcry ds tgit iaycab fia mbfcnb ipirt ch dt. Obsus ch Aizirbtg ds truly Jce da tgb bsg0 Gb truly edbe

iae wis ridsbe hrcn ebitg, iae Gb truly cbrs i abw debatdty iae

abw huturb hcr ill wgc trust da Gdn ilcab hcr silvitdca. Iae tgcsb

wgc bnmrifb da hidtg tgb Gbrc ch tgds stcry wdll givb i sgirb da tgb

rbstcritdca ch ill tgdajs.

Gb wgc sdts ca tgb tgrcab side, “Mbgcle, D in ni`daj ill tgdajs abw.„

Iae Gb side, “Zrdtb, hcr tgbsb wcres irb hidtghul iae trub.„ Ugba Gbside tc nb, “Dt ds ecab. D in tgb Ilpgi iae tgb Cnbji, tgb mbjdaadaj

iae tgb bae. D wdll jdvb tc tgb cab wgc tgdrsts hrcn tgb sprdaj ch tgb

witbr ch ldhb wdtgcut fcst. Gb wgc cvbrfcnbs wdll dagbrdt tgbsb tgdajs,

iae D wdll mb gds Jce iae gb wdll mb Ny sca„ (]bv. =9?2‖: ).

Tcu Irb Gbrb

Ugb twc pirts ch tgds mcc` ti b̀ us up tc tgb ultdnitb fgiptbr ch Jce—sstcry. Gbrb wb ncvb hrcn tgb hill iae tgb wcr` ch rbebnptdca . . .

tgrcujg tgb datbrnbeditb ndssdca ch tgb fgurfg . . . tc tgb bvbatuil

bbfts ch rbstcritdca.

Da [irt Cab, “Frbitbe da Fgrdst Obsus? Fgurfg, Fgurfgbs, iae

tgb Fgrdstdia Ldhb,„ wb edsfcvbr tgb rbsfub cpbritdca ch tgb fgurfg

iae tgb Vpdrdt—s cajcdaj wcr` ch rbni`daj tgb nbnmbrs ch Fgrdst—s

mcey datc tgb dnijb ch tgbdr @daj. Ugds triasdtdcas us hrcn rbebnp-

tdca da tgb tgbcrbtdfil iae gdstcrdfil tc rbebnptdca da tgb priftdfiliae prbsbat.

Da [irt Uwc, “Zgba Gb ]bturas? ]bsurrbftdca, Ouejnbat, iae

tgb ]bstcritdca,„ wb wdll fcnb tc uaebrstiae tgb niocr fcatcurs ch

Jce—s plia hcr ail fcasunnitdca. Gds rbebbnbe pbcplb is wbll is






== Ugb Fgrdstdia Vtcry da Hcur Ifts

tgds hillba frbitdca mctg givb ia dafcnprbgbasdmly wcaebrhul huturb

da Gds plia iae purpcsb.

Is wb bxplcrb tgb mdmldfil, tgbclcjdfil, iae gdstcrdfil hcuaeitdcasch bfflbsdclcjy, siaftdfitdca, iae bsfgitclcjy, wb—ll mb imlb tc lcc`

mif` it tgb batdrb swbbpdaj airritdvb ch frbitdca, hill, rbebnptdca,

iae rbstcritdca, iae ocda tgb gbivbaly fgcrus pridsdaj Jce hcr tgb

jrbit tgdajs Gb gis ecab . . . iae wdll ybt ec?

“Gillbluoig! Hcr tgb Lcre cur Jce tgb Ilndjgty rbdjas. Lbt us rbocdfb

iae bxult iae jdvb gdn tgb jlcry, hcr tgb nirrdijb ch tgb Linm gis

fcnb, iae gds Mrdeb gis nieb gbrsblh rbiey0 dt wis jriatbe gbr tcflctgb gbrsblh wdtg ab ldaba, mrdjgt iae purb„―hcr tgb ab ldaba ds

tgb rdjgtbcus ebbes ch tgb sidats. (]bv. 94?8‖7)





[ I ] U C A B

Frbitbe daFgrdst Obsus

Fgurfg, Fgurfgbs, iae tgb Fgrdstdia Ldhb

MT AIUGIA E. GCLVUBBA





=2

Gdjg-Iltdtueb Vurvby

Vpy acvbls givb jrdppbe nb hcr is lcaj is D fia rbnbnmbr.

D dagbrdtbe i lcvb ch rbiedaj hrcn ny pirbats, iae is i ycuaj nia

D fut ny tbbtg ca acvbls wrdttba my iutgcrs ld`b Ildstidr NifLbia. D

rbie bvbrytgdaj D fcule jbt ny giaes ca. D bvba rbie G.N.V. Rlyssbs.

Mut actgdaj da NifLbia prbpirbe nb hcr ny rst ]cmbrt Luelun

acvbl? Ugb Mcurab Debatdty. Tcu niy rbnbnmbr tgb misdf stcry? i niahcuae citdaj da tgb Nbedtbrriabia rbjidas fcasfdcusabss ihtbr gb—s

pullbe up my sgbrnba. Mut gb gis inabsdi iae sc fiaact rbnbnmbr

wgc gb ds―da hift, gb fia—t rbnbnmbr iaytgdaj imcut gds ldhb. Ugb

nba ti`b gdn tc i ecftcr, wgc aes i pdbfb ch ndfrcln surjdfilly

dnpliatbe da gds gdp. Ugit lbies gdn tc i sbfrbt mia` iffcuat da _urdfg.

Iae sc tgb tilb mbjdas. Is tgb nia hcllcws cab flub tc gds debatdty

ihtbr iactgbr, gb—s eriwa ebbpbr iae ebbpbr datc i eiajbr-bvbrywgbrb

bxdstbafb ch wgdfg gb gis ac nbncry.Ugit tgrdllbr—s datrdfitb plct ldab sdnply mlbw nb iwiy. D stdll rb-

nbnmbr ny gbie spdaadaj is D trdbe tc issbss iae issdndlitb ill tgb

dahc, sbb`daj tc jurb cut, rdjgt ilcaj wdtg Oisca Mcurab, wgc da tgb

wcrle DV tgds juy3

Rald`b tgit nistbrpdbfb ch bspdcaijb, tgb mcc` ycu acw gcle da

ycur giaes ds act i nystbry. Tcu wca—t givb tc wieb tgrcujg nultdplb

sgcctcuts cr ndrifulcus bsfipbs mbhcrb edsfcvbrdaj tgb bssbafb ch bfflb-

sdclcjy (tgb stuey ch tgb fgurfg) iae siaftdfitdca (ebvblcpdaj i ldhbch gcldabss). Da tgb pijbs tc hcllcw wb—rb jcdaj tc bxplcrb tgbsb twc

niocr irbis ch tgbclcjy, iae D wca—t mb trydaj tc pbrsuieb ycu tgit

ny pbrscail vdbws ca bdtgbr cr mctg irb prbfdsbly fcrrbft. Tbs, D givb

pbrscail vdbws tgit D tbifg iae prbifg, mut hcr tgds mcc` cur jcil ds





=8

tc datrceufb ycu tc tgb uadty iae edvbrsdty ch bviajbldfil pbrspbftdvbs.

(Ijida, dh ycu—rb uahindldir wdtg tgbsb wcres cr ctgbrs, rbnbnmbr

tgbrb—s i jlcssiry ch tbrns da tgb mif`.) Da tgb mcc`—s rst gilh, D wiatact caly tc sgirb i tistb ch tgb uadqubabss ch virdcus vdbws mut ilsc tc

eriw ycu mif` tc tgb fbatbr ch bviajbldfildsn my gdjgldjgtdaj tgb prda-

fdplbs tgit mdae tcjbtgbr tgb edbrbat striaes ch cur edvbrsb triedtdca.

Da ybt iactgbr ebpirturb hrcn tgb Mcurab Debatdty pittbra, D ilsc

wiat tc flub ycu da rdjgt up hrcat tc cur niocr tgbnbs. Tcu ilrbiey

àcw tgit da [irt Cab wb—ll hcfus ca bfflbsdclcjy iae siaftdfitdca0

D—e ld`b tc prbpirb ycu hcr tgb iftuil flidns ycu—rb jcdaj tc bafcuatbr.

Hdrst, ia crdbatitdca tc bfflbsdclcjy.

Uc niay Fgrdstdias, tgb ecftrdab ch tgb fgurfg ecbs sbbn nystbrd-

cus, pbrgips ipprcifgdaj cpiqub. Bvba scnb prchbssdcail tgbclcjdias

sgy iwiy hrcn vbaturdaj tcc hir datc tgds rbiln. Mut D mbldbvb dt fia

mb prbsbatbe da i hidrly sdnplb hisgdca cafb wb—vb ifàcwlbejbe tgb

ipprcprditb stirtdaj pcdat. Iae oust is hcr Oisca Mcurab, tgit stirtdaj

pcdat ds tc is`, “Zgc in D3„

Mcurab mbjia tc issbnmlb i fcnprbgbasdca ch gds lcst debatdty mycmsbrvdaj gds cwa s`dll sbt iae my trydaj tc isfbrtida gcw tgb pbcplb

ircuae gdn gblpbe flirdhy wgc gb wis. Zb—rb jcdaj tc ec scnbtgdaj

ld`b tgds da ipprcifgdaj tgb ecftrdab ch bfflbsdclcjy, iae wgba wb ec

wb—ll ae tgit ill ispbfts ch cur spdrdtuil s`dll sbt―iae bvbry spdrdtuil

rblitdcasgdp wb givb―pcdat ilwiys, caly, dabxcrimly, tc cab pbrsca?

Obsus Fgrdst. Ugds nbias tgb wiy tc stirt wrbstldaj wdtg bfflbsdclcjy ds

tc stcp wrbstldaj. Bvbry eitun pcdats tc Obsus. Uc put dt iactgbr wiy?

Zgc D in fia caly mb ebtbrndabe da rblitdca tc wgc Obsus ds―tgbJce-nia, cur ]bebbnbr, ny Vivdcr.

Acw, tgit stitbnbat pcdats tc tgb fbatril prdafdplb hcr ill prctbstiat

bviajbldfil bfflbsdclcjy. Ugds prdafdplb, wgdlb flbirly rblitbe, ds edstdaft?

Ugbrb ds ac iutgbatdf bfflbsdclcjy ipirt hrcn i sivdaj rblitdcasgdp

wdtg Obsus Fgrdst.

Is wb ill àcw, tgb aiturb ch tgit sivdaj rblitdcasgdp ds tgit dt—s

davdsdmlb―ac cab fia “sbb„ scnbcab blsb—s jbaudab hidtg. Ac mrdjgt

gilc gcvbrs imcvb tgb gbies ch iutgbatdf sidats. Ugbrb—s ac tday mlub

Frbitbe da Fgrdst Obsus





=:

LBE pliatbe da i mbldbvbr—s bir tc sgcw tgit gb cr sgb pirtdfdpitbs

da i sivdaj rblitdcasgdp wdtg Obsus. Iae wgdfg fcajrbjitdca cr eb-

acndaitdca i pbrsca mblcajs tc ecbsa—t ydble tgb iaswbr bdtgbr― jbaudab Fgrdstdias pirtdfdpitb da scnb prbtty ebie fgurfgbs, iae

aca-Fgrdstdias giaj cut da scnb vdmriat fgurfgbs. Cab ch ny gbrcbs,

Ocga Filvda, nieb tgds sinb cmsbrvitdca wgba gb tiujgt tgit “bvbry

fgurfg ds i ndxbe mcey.„9

Tcu niy givb gbire dt side tgit “Fgrdstdiadty dsa—t i rbldjdca, dt—s

i rblitdcasgdp.„ Vcnbtdnbs pbcplb usb tgds fldfgä tc edsndss tgb vds-

dmlb fgurfg hrcn tgbdr ldvbs iae hcfus oust ca tgbdr pbrscail, prdvitb,

daedvdeuil bxpbrdbafb wdtg tgb fccl Juy ainbe Obsus. Mut tgit nds-

usb―cr bvba imusb―sgculea—t ebtbr us hrcn scnbtgdaj abvbrtgblbss

trub imcut tgb fldfgä. Zgdlb dt dsa—t ia bxfusb tc edsndss tgb vdsdmlb

fgurfg is drrblbviat, cur davdsdmlb spdrdtuil rblitdcasgdp wdtg Obsus

Fgrdst ds wgit ni`bs tgb vdsdmlb fgurfg bndabatly rblbviat.

Bfflbsdclcjy? I Fcnnuadty Vca-Fbatbrbe iae Vpdrdt-Hcrnbe

Dt niy scuae cvbrly sdnpldstdf, ybt D mbldbvb tgb hcllcwdaj cmsbrvitdca

prcvdebs i gdjg-lbvbl cvbrvdbw ch bfflbsdclcjy? tgb stuey ch tgb fgurfg,

prcpbrly spbi`daj, nust stirt wdtg tgb davdsdmlb sivdaj rblitdcasgdp

mbtwbba tgb ]bebbnbr iae tgb rbebbnbe. Ugit ds, tgb fcnnuadty ch

tgb rbebbnbe ds Vca-fbatbrbe. Obsus Fgrdst ds tgb fbatbr iae scurfb

ch tgb fgurfg, wgdfg ds tgb fcnnuadty ch tgb rbebbnbe uaebr Gds

gbiesgdp. Zdtg tgds misdf stitbnbat, ill bviajbldfil Fgrdstdias wcule

ijrbb.Mut tgbrb—s ncrb tgit uadtbs bviajbldfils wdtg rbspbft tc tgb ecftrdab

ch bfflbsdclcjy. Ugb fcnnuadty ds ebadtbly Vca-fbatbrbe, iae dt—s

ilsc Vpdrdt-hcrnbe. Ugb Gcly Vpdrdt ch Jce hcrns tgb fgurfg ch Obsus

Fgrdst. (Ugds, wb—ll sbb, ds tgb nbssijb ch Vfrdpturb iae tgb fcasdstbat

istrnitdca ch bviajbldfils tgrcujgcut gdstcry.) Is i rbsult, tgb fgurfg

aes dts uadqub debatdty is tgb fcnnuadty ch tgb rbebbnbe mbfiusb

ch ia davdsdmlb rblitdcasgdp wdtg Obsus Fgrdst. Ugba wb rbfcjadzb tgit

caly mbfiusb ch tgb Vpdrdt—s ndadstry ec wb givb davdsdmlb uadca wdtg

cur Vivdcr iae vdsdmlb uadty wdtg Gds pbcplb.

Ugbsb irb tgb bnpgisbs ch ia bviajbldfil bfflbsdclcjy?

Ugb fgurfg ds Vca-fbatbrbe iae Vpdrdt-hcrnbe.






=7

Viaftdfitdca? I Ldhb Vca-Fbatbrbe, Vpdrdt-Hcrnbe, iae

Fcnnuadty-Ndaebe

Is tc prcvdedaj i gdjg-lbvbl cvbrvdbw ch tgb ecftrdab ch siaftdfi-

tdca, tgb fcavbadbat trutg ds tgit dt stirts da nufg tgb sinb plifb is

bfflbsdclcjy. Uc rbtura ijida tc Oisca Mcurab, cafb gb mbjia tc iaswbr

“Zgc in D3„ gb ilsc mbjia tc hcrnulitb ia iaswbr tc “Zgit ec D

ec acw3„ Caly wgba wb rbildzb tgb hcrnbr fia wb cbr i rbiscaimlb

ipprcifg tc tgb littbr.

Ugds ds prbfdsbly wgy tgb prdafdplb tgit uaebrjdres bfflbsdclcjy

ilsc uaebrjdres siaftdfitdca? tgb stuey ch siaftdfitdca, prcpbrly

spbi`daj, nust stirt wdtg tgb davdsdmlb sivdaj rblitdcasgdp mbtwbba tgb

]bebbnbr iae tgb rbebbnbe. Cafb ijida, tgds ds tgb stirtdaj pcdat,

prbfdsbly mbfiusb ac cab fia bvba erbin ch ldvdaj tgb Fgrdstdia ldhb

ualbss gb cr sgb ds ilrbiey uadtbe tc Fgrdst da silvitdca. Ugit ds, iu-

tgbatdf siaftdfitdca cws cut ch jbaudab oustdfitdca. (My tgb wiy,

wb lcc` it oustdfitdca da nufg ncrb ebtidl da iactgbr vclunb da tgds

sbrdbs0 hcr acw, wb—ll hcfus ca tgb rblitdcasgdp mbtwbba oustdfitdcaiae siaftdfitdca.)

Ugb Xdsdmlb Fgurfg

Bstimldsgbe my Jce hcr Viaftdhdfitdca

Ugb fcnnuadty ch sidats bxgcrtdaj

cab iactgbr tc jrcwtg tcwire tgb dnijb ch

Fgrdst my tgb pcwbr ch tgb Gcly Vpdrdt.

Ugb Davdsdmlb Fgurfg

Bstimldsgbe my Jce tgrcujg Oustdhdfitdca

Ill tgcsb wgc givb i jbaudab sivdaj rblitdcasgdp

wdtg Fgrdst my tgb pcwbr ch tgb Gcly Vpdrdt.

Viaftdfitdca ds act nb-crdbatbe, dt—s wb-crdbatbe. Dts hcfus ds Fgrdst,

my tgb pcwbr ch tgb Vpdrdt―mut dts purpcsb ds fcnnuadty-crdbatbe.

Frbitbe da Fgrdst Obsus





=4

Iae D eca—t nbia i jbcjripgdfil fcnnuadty0 D nbia tgb mcey ch

Fgrdst. Viaftdfitdca, is tgb jrcwtg da gcldabss ch daedvdeuils wgc

irb da i sivdaj rblitdcasgdp wdtg Obsus Fgrdst, gis is dts purpcsb tgbstrbajtgbadaj ch Gds mcey, tgb fgurfg. Is oustdbe daedvdeuils jrcw da

hbllcwsgdp wdtg Fgrdst iae wdtg cab iactgbr tgrcujg tgb wcr̀ ch tgb

Vpdrdt da tgb fcatbxt ch tgbdr lcfil fgurfg fcnnuadtdbs, tgb wcrlewdeb

mcey ch Fgrdst ilsc jrcws da gcldabss, nijadhydaj Fgrdst—s ainb iae

mrdajdaj jlcry tc Jce tgb Hitgbr.

Ugit—s dt. Ugit—s cur gdjg-iltdtueb cvbrvdbw. Ill tgit rbnidas ds tc

wcr` cut tgb fcasbqubafbs ch tgbsb twc misdf istrnitdcas?

• Ugb stuey ch tgb fgurfg, prcpbrly spbi`daj, nust stirt wdtgtgb davdsdmlb sivdaj rblitdcasgdp mbtwbba tgb ]bebbnbr iae tgbrbebbnbe.

• Ugb stuey ch siaftdfitdca, prcpbrly spbi`daj, nust stirt wdtgtgb davdsdmlb sivdaj rblitdcasgdp mbtwbba tgb ]bebbnbr iae tgbrbebbnbe.


exploring christian theology, volume 3

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