expectations for femtoscopy at the lhc
DESCRIPTION
Expectations for Femtoscopy at the LHC. Mike Lisa Ohio State University. Outline. Femtoscopic expectations @ LHC NNUS: systematic extrapolation of multiplicity systematic naïve CGC HRM: microscopic hadronic rescattering model hydro scales shapes p+p Pythia (+HRM, jets) Black holes - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
malisa - WPCF - Sao Paulo, Brazil - Sept 2006 1
Expectations for Femtoscopy at the LHC
Mike Lisa
Ohio State University
malisa - WPCF - Sao Paulo, Brazil - Sept 2006 2
Outline
• Femtoscopic expectations @ LHC• NNUS: systematic extrapolation of multiplicity systematic
• naïve
• CGC
• HRM: microscopic hadronic rescattering model• hydro
• scales
• shapes
• p+p• Pythia (+HRM, jets)• Black holes
• Summary
• Some foci of the experimental program
malisa - WPCF - Sao Paulo, Brazil - Sept 2006 3
Baseline: 20-year-old systematic program
• Pion HBT @ Bevalac: “largely confirming nuclear dimensions”• Since 90’s: increasingly detailed understanding and study w/ high stats
T 1 2 sysˆHBT( ;p , y, b ,b,ms ,m ,A )
r
y
|b|
pT0
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1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010
Year
#
Heinz/JacakWiedemann/Heinz
Csorgo
Tomasik/Wiedemann
Lisa/Pratt/Solts/Wiedemann
Experimental HBT Refereed Journal Publications
malisa - WPCF - Sao Paulo, Brazil - Sept 2006 4
R(√SNN, b, Npart, A, B, y, mT, , PID)
€
R i mT( ) =′ R i
mTα i
malisa - WPCF - Sao Paulo, Brazil - Sept 2006 5
€
R i mT( ) =′ R i
mTα i
R(√SNN, b, Npart, A, B, y, mT, , PID)
Z. Chajecki, QM05
malisa - WPCF - Sao Paulo, Brazil - Sept 2006 6
€
R i mT( ) =′ R i
mTα i
R(√SNN, b, Npart, A, B, y, mT, , PID)
Z. Chajecki, QM05
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (LZW) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
MAL, Pratt, Soltz, Wiedemann nucl-ex/0505014 STAR, PRL 2004
malisa - WPCF - Sao Paulo, Brazil - Sept 2006 7
€
R i mT( ) =′ R i
mTα i
R(√SNN, b, Npart, A, B, y, mT, , PID)
Z. Chajecki, QM05
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (LZW) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
MAL, Pratt, Soltz, Wiedemann nucl-ex/0505014 STAR, PRL 2004
MAL,Pratt Soltz,Wiedemann nucl-ex/0505014
malisa - WPCF - Sao Paulo, Brazil - Sept 2006 8
€
R i mT( ) =′ R i
mTα i
R(√SNN, b, Npart, A, B, y, mT, , PID)
Z. Chajecki, QM05
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (LZW) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
MAL, Pratt, Soltz, Wiedemann nucl-ex/0505014STAR, PRL 2004
MAL,Pratt Soltz,Wiedemann nucl-ex/0505014
+ - K+ K- K0S p p
p
p
K0S
K-
K+
-
+
Full program just startedEvolution with energy?
Little dataShape Evolution with energy?
Naïve (?) : multiplicity dominance continues @ LHC(though two unexplored areas...)
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LHC = RHIC++
MAL,Pratt Soltz,Wiedemann nucl-ex/0505014
PHOBOS White Paper: NPA 757, 28
1000 5.5 TeV
5
6
6.4 = RHICx1.6
Naïve (?) : multiplicity dominance continues @ LHC(though two unexplored areas...)
malisa - WPCF - Sao Paulo, Brazil - Sept 2006 10
Multiplicity sets scale: all else fixed
MAL,Pratt Soltz,Wiedemann nucl-ex/0505014
PHOBOS White Paper: NPA 757, 28
1000 5.5 TeV
5
6
6.4 = RHICx1.6
malisa - WPCF - Sao Paulo, Brazil - Sept 2006 11
Multiplicity sets scale: all else fixed
• PHOBOS-based extrapolation:• RLHC / RRHIC = (1.6)1/3 = 1.17
PHOBOS White Paper: NPA 757, 28
1000 5.5 TeV
5
6
6.4 = RHICx1.6
malisa - WPCF - Sao Paulo, Brazil - Sept 2006 12
Multiplicity sets scale: all else fixed
• PHOBOS-based extrapolation:• RLHC / RRHIC = (1.6)1/3 = 1.17
• CGC prediction of multiplicity
• RLHC / RRHIC = (11/3.6)1/3 = 31/3 = 1.45
Kharzeev, Levin & Nardi NPA747 609 (2005)
malisa - WPCF - Sao Paulo, Brazil - Sept 2006 13
Beyond multiplicity
• PHOBOS-based extrapolation:• RLHC / RRHIC = (1.6)1/3 = 1.17
• CGC prediction of multiplicity
• RLHC / RRHIC = (11/3.6)1/3 = 31/3 = 1.45
• Humanic Rescattering Model
• “real” model predicting dN/d and HBT
• (dN/d[LHC] / dN/d[RHIC])1/3 ~ 1.9
dN
/d
T. Humanic,Int.J.Mod.Phys.E15197(2006)
malisa - WPCF - Sao Paulo, Brazil - Sept 2006 14
Beyond multiplicity
Rlo
ng (
fm)
dN
/dt
• PHOBOS-based extrapolation:• RLHC / RRHIC = (1.6)1/3 = 1.17
• CGC prediction of multiplicity
• RLHC / RRHIC = (11/3.6)1/3 = 31/3 = 1.45
• Humanic Rescattering Model
• “real” model predicting dN/d and HBT
• (dN/d[LHC] / dN/d[RHIC])1/3 ~ 1.9
• LHC / RHIC = 2 :: (recall Rlong~~ )
• dynamic effect
• Rlong[LHC] / Rlong[RHIC] ~ 2
• all are connected??
T. Humanic,Int.J.Mod.Phys.E15197(2006)
malisa - WPCF - Sao Paulo, Brazil - Sept 2006 15
Beyond multiplicity
• PHOBOS-based extrapolation:• RLHC / RRHIC = (1.6)1/3 = 1.17
• CGC prediction of multiplicity
• RLHC / RRHIC = (11/3.6)1/3 = 31/3 = 1.45
• Humanic Rescattering Model
• “real” model predicting dN/d and HBT
• (dN/d[LHC] / dN/d[RHIC])1/3 ~ 1.9
• LHC / RHIC = 2 :: (recall Rlong~~ )
• dynamic effect
• Rlong[LHC] / Rlong[RHIC] ~ 2
• all are connected?
• RS, RO larger, but not a simple factor
T. Humanic,Int.J.Mod.Phys.E15197(2006)
malisa - WPCF - Sao Paulo, Brazil - Sept 2006 16
Beyond multiplicity
• PHOBOS-based extrapolation:• RLHC / RRHIC = (1.6)1/3 = 1.17
• CGC prediction of multiplicity
• RLHC / RRHIC = (11/3.6)1/3 = 31/3 = 1.45
• Humanic Rescattering Model
• “real” model predicting dN/d and HBT
• (dN/d[LHC] / dN/d[RHIC])1/3 ~ 1.9
• LHC / RHIC = 2 :: (recall Rlong~~ )
• dynamic effect
• Rlong[LHC] / Rlong[RHIC] ~ 2
• all are connected?
• RS, RO larger, but not a simple factor
• steeper pT-dep due to more flow?
• dynamic effect
T. Humanic,Int.J.Mod.Phys.E15197(2006)
malisa - WPCF - Sao Paulo, Brazil - Sept 2006 17
Hydro predictions I: Scales
• Neglecting flow, to cool to C[QGP] :
C = 0(C /0)3/4
• Cno flow[RHIC] = 6 fm/c
• Cno flow[LHC] = 20 fm/c
Eskola et al PRC72044904 (2005)
initial conditions frompQCD+saturation
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• Neglecting flow, to cool to C[QGP] :
C = 0(C /0)3/4
• Cno flow[RHIC] = 6 fm/c
• Cno flow[LHC] = 20 fm/c
• Much larger flow @LHC• signif. reduction of timescale @ LHC
[similar to RHIC]
• larger transverse size @ FO
Eskola et al PRC72044904 (2005)
Hydro predictions I: Scales
malisa - WPCF - Sao Paulo, Brazil - Sept 2006 19
• Neglecting flow, to cool to C[QGP] :
C = 0(C /0)3/4
• Cno flow[RHIC] = 6 fm/c
• Cno flow[LHC] = 20 fm/c
• Much larger flow @LHC• signif. reduction of timescale @ LHC
[similar to RHIC]
• larger transverse size @ FO
• No HBT prediction per se, but...
• RL[LHC] / RL[RHIC] ~ 1.1 ÷ 1.2
• RS[LHC] / RS[RHIC] ~ 1.5 ÷ 2
• (different than HRM)
• steeper pT-dependence
Eskola et al PRC72044904 (2005)
Hydro predictions I: Scales
malisa - WPCF - Sao Paulo, Brazil - Sept 2006 20
• Neglecting flow, to cool to C[QGP] :
C = 0(C /0)3/4
• Cno flow[RHIC] = 6 fm/c
• Cno flow[LHC] = 20 fm/c
• Much larger flow @LHC• signif. reduction of timescale @ LHC
[similar to RHIC]
• larger transverse size @ FO
• No HBT prediction per se, but...
• RL[LHC] / RL[RHIC] ~ 1.1 ÷ 1.2
• RS[LHC] / RS[RHIC] ~ 1.5 ÷ 2
• (different than HRM)
• steeper pT-dependence
• Consistent w/ independent hydrofor non-central collisions
Eskola et al PRC72044904 (2005)
Hydro predictions I: Scales
Heinz&Kolb, PLB542 216 (2002)
(LHC)
malisa - WPCF - Sao Paulo, Brazil - Sept 2006 21
• easy prediction: importance of -dep measurements will continue @ LHC
• asHBT• probes timescale & dynamics• non-trivial (& incomplete!) excitation fctn
Hydro predictions II: Shapes
E895 2 GeVPLB496 1 (2000)
STAR 200 GeV
PRL93 012301 (‘04)
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ara
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cie
nce
29
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17
9 (
20
02
)
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• easy prediction: importance of -dep measurements will continue @ LHC
• asHBT• probes timescale & dynamics• non-trivial (& incomplete!) excitation fctn
• hydro @ RHIC• misses scale (well-known)• impressive agreement on -dep
Hydro predictions II: Shapes
STAR PRL93 012301 (2004)Heinz&Kolb, PLB542 216 (2002)
“RHIC”
malisa - WPCF - Sao Paulo, Brazil - Sept 2006 23
• easy prediction: importance of -dep measurements will continue @ LHC
• asHBT• probes timescale & dynamics• non-trivial (& incomplete!) excitation fctn
• hydro @ RHIC• misses scale (well-known)• impressive agreement on -dep
• prediction @ LHC• sign change in shape & oscillations
Hydro predictions II: Shapes
Heinz&Kolb, PLB542 216 (2002)
“RHIC”
Heinz&Kolb, PLB542 216 (2002)
“IPES” (LHC)
malisa - WPCF - Sao Paulo, Brazil - Sept 2006 24
• easy prediction: importance of -dep measurements will continue @ LHC
• asHBT• probes timescale & dynamics• non-trivial (& incomplete!) excitation fctn
• hydro @ RHIC• misses scale (well-known)• impressive agreement on -dep
• prediction @ LHC• sign change in shape & oscillations
• qualitatively different kT dependence (*)
Hydro predictions II: Shapes
Heinz&Kolb, PLB542 216 (2002)
“RHIC”
Heinz&Kolb, PLB542 216 (2002)
“IPES” (LHC)
* simple formula will not work @ LHC
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≈2RS,2
2
RS,02
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etiè
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907
(200
4)
malisa - WPCF - Sao Paulo, Brazil - Sept 2006 25
p+p: a short diversion and “practice,” or a crucial question?
• “minimalist” physics• Momenta & parentage from PYTHIA• space by hand: x= “1 fm” + p/E
• pT-dep from x-p correlations
• resonances• formation time • some from rescatt
• mult dep from rescatt only
i-th particle
Initial “disk” of radius r
T. Humanic, presentationto ALICE PW2 (March 2006)
malisa - WPCF - Sao Paulo, Brazil - Sept 2006 26
p+p: a short diversion and “practice,” or a crucial question?
• “minimalist” physics• Momenta & parentage from PYTHIA• space by hand: x= “1 fm” + p/E
• pT-dep from x-p correlations
• resonances• formation time • some from rescatt
• mult dep from rescatt only
• R(dN/d) space-time properties of jet fragmentation/hadronization? [fundamental]
• prediction of pT-dependence needed to test
whether hard processes are really dominant here
pp
jet
jet
Paic and SkowronskiJ. Phys. G31 1045 (2005)
see also Csorgo & Zajchep-ph/0412243 (ISMD04)
malisa - WPCF - Sao Paulo, Brazil - Sept 2006 27
p+p: a short diversion and “practice,” or a crucial question?
• “minimalist” physics• Momenta & parentage from PYTHIA• space by hand: x= “1 fm” + p/E
• pT-dep from x-p correlations
• resonances• formation time • some from rescatt
• mult dep from rescatt only
• R(dN/d) space-time properties of jet fragmentation/hadronization? [fundamental]
• prediction of pT-dependence needed to test
whether hard processes are really dominant here
• Black Holes / extra dimensions at LHC p+p ?• may be copiously produced (depending on mass)• look for long lifetimes (if d large) in high mult
events ???• even more fundamental, but expectations unclear
[prelim from T. Humanic: small effect on HBT...]
Hossenfelder, H
ofmann, B
leicher, Stocker
Phys.R
ev. D66 (2002) 101502
Humanic, Koch, Stocker hep-ph/0607097
malisa - WPCF - Sao Paulo, Brazil - Sept 2006 28
5
as before (same pT dep etc)but scale by ~17%
as before (same pT dep etc)but scale by ~45%
NNUS: naive extrapolation HRM
RL scales with mult (x2 increase)[dynamics / chemistry / both ??]
RO,S • smaller increase (~30%)• higher flow steeper pT dep
hydro
RL small increase (~30%)[huge flow rapid cooling short ]
RO,S : huge flow • larger increase (~60%)• steeper pT dep
shape inversion; oscillation sign flip
p+p
pp
jet
jet
• signif pT dep• R increase w/ mult
• R increase w/ mult• other details??
• very large RO in high mult??
plats principaux
boissonsentrées
le menu des espérances au LHC
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THE END
malisa - WPCF - Sao Paulo, Brazil - Sept 2006 30
references• RHIC-tested predictions for low-pT and high-pT hadron spectra
in nearly central Pb+Pb collisions at the LHC• Eskola et al hep-ph/0506049; PRC72044904 (2005)• hydro predictions for spectra• no HBT per se, but timescales and sizes of freezeout at
LHC versus RHIC are shown• Emission angle dependent pion interferometry at RHIC and
beyond• Heinz and Kolb PLB542 216 (2002)• RHIC and LHC predictions for asHBT from hydro
• Signatures for Black Hole production from hadronic observables at the Large Hadron Collider
• Humanic, Koch, Stocker hep-ph/0607097• surprisingly, no HBT, but discussion of possible BH
formation, rates, and how to trigger on them (high-mult: will it follow multiplicity systematics if physics changes so much??)
• Femtoscopy in heavy ion collisions: Wherefore, whence, and whither?
• Lisa nucl-ex/0506049 (WPCF05)• systematics and PHOBOS-extrapolation-based “prediction”
for LHC• Color Glass Condensate at the LHC: hadron multiplicities in pp,
pA and AA collisions• Kharzeev, Levin & Nardi; NPA747 609 (2005)• not HBT, but multiplicity predictions, which of course can
be coupled to HBT multiplicity systematics
• Hanbury-Brown-Twiss interferometry with identical bosons in relativistic heavy ion collisions: Comparisons with hadronic scattering models
• Humanic, Int.J.Mod.Phys.E15:197-236,2006; nucl-th/0510049
• Tom’s review article; contains LHC predictions
For proton-proton collisions:• Signatures for Black Hole production from hadronic
observables at the Large Hadron Collider• Humanic, Koch, Stocker hep-ph/0607097• surprisingly, no HBT, but discussion of possible BH
formation, rates, and how to trigger on them (high-mult: will it follow multiplicity systematics if physics changes so much??)
• Quasi-stable black holes at LHC• Hossenfieder, Hoffman, Bleicher, Stocker
hep-ph/0109085; Phys.Rev. D66 (2002) 101502• VERY nice plot of lifetime versus number of dimensions
• Pion HBT for LHC p+p collisions using a simple causality model
• Humanic, ppt presentation at PW2 meeting March 06• Pythia and HRM - nice, simple calculations showing pT
dep from simple formation time effect• Effect of hard processes on momentum correlations in pp
and ppbar collisions• Paic and Skowronski; J. Phys. G31 1045 (2005)• from size and mult dep, make a connection to space-
time properties of jet fragmentation• unfortunately, no pT prediction