1

U.S. History First Semester Test

Multiple ChoiceIdentify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.

1 13th Amendment: Abolished slavery14th Amendment: Prevented states from denying rights and privileges to

any U.S.citizen, native born or naturalized.15th Amendment: Prevented the United States or any state from keeping

citizens from voting because of race or color or because they were once slaves.

Which group stood to benefit most from these three amendments immediately following the Civil War?A Abolitionists C Ex-Confederate StatesB African Americans D Slave owners

2 Reconstruction comes to an end in the South

�

White government officials regain power in the South.�

Southern states begin to implement poll taxes, literacy tests, and grandfather clauses.

During the late 19th century, the above sequence of events resulted in the?A Loss of voting rights for most African Americans in the SouthB Expansion of free public education to all childrenC Movement to repeal the 14th amendment to the ConstitutionD Strengthening of the Republican Party in the South

2

3

The situation shown in the above illustration demonstrates the operation of theA Emancipation Proclamation C Slave codesB Poll Tax D Jim Crow Laws

4 The principle of “separate but equal” established by the Supreme Court in the case of Plessy v Ferguson (1896) was used toA Provide reservation lands for Native American IndiansB Justify racial segregation of public facilitiesC End the use of child laborD Expand the freedoms guaranteed by the Bill of Rights

3

5

Which economic concept is best illustrated by the above cartoon?A Monopoly C MercantilismB Supply and Demand D Trade

6 The purpose of the Homestead Act was to:A Make money for the governmentB Encourage white families to develop the westC Settle Native Americans in farming communitiesD Prevent African Americans from settling the west

7 Which of the following statements about the transcontinental railroad is correct?A It was built by thousands of Chinese and Irish immigrants, among other workersB It linked Canada and Mexico through the U.S.C It was not completed until the 20th centuryD It was the lifelong dream of Andrew Carnegie

8 In the late 1800s, the principle of Social Darwinism was most consistent with the idea of?A Populism C Utopian SocialismB Trust-busting D Laissez-fare

4

9 In the late 1800s, workers tolerated poor wages and working conditions because they:A Believed it had to get worse before it got betterB Could be replaced easily by other workersC Thought that the government would protect themD Were tricked by employers into taking dangerous jobs

10 Which of the following resulted from the Haymarket Riot?A More Americans began to support labor unionsB More labor unions began to quickly developC People began to fear violence from labor unionsD Police departments worked closely with labor leaders

11 What did the Sherman Anti-trust Act outlaw?A Business monopolies C Labor unionsB Interstate rail lines D Low worker’s wages

12 The Interstate Commerce Act gave the right to supervise railroad activities to?A A select committee of wealthy industrialistsB Farmers’ groups such as the GrangeC Railroad company officialsD The federal government

13 Who expressed the belief that racism would end as blacks acquired vocational work skills and proved their economic value to society?A Booker T. Washington C W.E.B. Du BoisB Ida B. Wells D William Torrey Harris

14 As a result of increased immigration to the U.S. in the late 1800s and early 1900s, many immigrant families lived in tenements because:A Adequate housing was scarce on the Great PlainsB There was a lack of affordable housing in overcrowded citiesC The U.S. government provided them with free housingD They wanted to avoid living in ethnic neighborhoods

15 Who were the Exodusters?A Cowboys who worked long drives in the summer and odd jobs in the wintersB European immigrants who settled on the Great PlainsC Former slaves from the South who settled on the Great PlainsD Plains Indians forced onto reservations in the late 1800s

16 In the 19th century, anti-immigration feelings developed in the U.S. primarily because?A Most immigrants were richer and better educated than native-born citizensB The governments social welfare programs for immigrants were becoming too expensiveC Immigrants were seeking elective office in the national governmentD Immigrants competed with native-born Americans for jobs

5

17 The Chinese Exclusion Act showed that?A Black Americans had more rights than Asian AmericansB Americans were determined to limit immigration from AsiaC The Progressives welcomed immigrants from all nationsD Discrimination was declining in the U.S.

18 The passage of the Dawes Act in 1887, was primarily an attempt by the U.S. government to?A Encourage Native American Indians to give up their traditional cultureB Limit the power of the Bureau of Indian AffairsC Return eastern land to Native American tribesD Hire Native American Indians as military scouts

19 Who was the founder and long time leader of the American Federation of Labor?A Samuel Gompers C Uriah Smith StephensB Eugene V. Debs D Terence V. Powderly

20 Which African American leader advocated full and immediate equality and helped to create the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP)?A Booker T. Washington C W.E.B. Du BoisB Marcus Garvey D Fredrick Douglas

21 What female reformer established the Hull House to help the poor?A Jane Addams C Mother CabriniB Nellie Bly D Carrie Nation

22 Progressive Era LegislationDate Legislation Purpose1905 United States Forest Service

EstablishedManage the nation’s water and timber resources

1906 Meat Inspection Act Regulate meat processing to ensure clean conditions

1906 Pure Food and Drug Act Outlaw dishonest labeling of food and drugs

1913 Department of Labor established

Promote the interests of working people

The common purpose of these legislative acts was to?A Promote the general welfare of the American publicB Protect the nation’s natural resourcesC Improve conditions for recent immigrants to the U.S.D Advance the growth of big business

6

23 Which heading best completes the partial outline below? I. ____________________ A. Secret ballot B. Direct election of senators C. Recall D. Referendum

A Progressive Reforms C Unwritten ConstitutionB Checks and Balances D Universal Suffrage

24 Alfred T. Mahan’s book The Influence of Sea Power Upon History helped push the U.S. toward a position of world power by?A convincing government officials to strengthen the U.S. NavyB discouraged colonialism and trade with other nationsC preaching isolationism as a way to defend against foreign aggressionD arguing for the elimination of the army in favor of the navy

25 In the late 1800s, the U.S. embarked on a policy of____________, the economic and political domination of a strong nation over other, weaker nationsA Isolationism C Manifest DestinyB Imperialism D Materialism

26 In 1900 the U.S. declared an Open Door Policy that reflected which of the following beliefs?A all countries should have equal trading rights in ChinaB American consumers would be hurt by international tradeC Japan might conquer China and cut off all foreign tradeD the Chinese were secretly negotiating trade privileges with European countries

27 As a result of the Spanish-American War, the United States acquired?A Midway Island, Taiwan, and New GuineaB Puerto Rico, Guam, and the PhilippinesC Tahiti, Fiji, and TongaD Hawaii and Alaska

28 The Platt AmendmentA forbade the establishment of any U.S. Naval base in CubaB permitted Cuba to negotiate treaties freely with other countriesC allowed the U.S. to retain influence in CubaD was rejected by the Cuban government

7

29

What is the subject of the cartoon above?A immigration C U.S. territorial expansionB the Spanish-American War D World War I

30 Which headline is the best example of Yellow Journalism as practiced in the late 1800s?A Anti-Imperialists Oppose War with SpainB Maine Split by Enemy’s Secret Infernal MachineC Oklahoma Sunk in Pearl HarborD Several Sailors Die in Maine Sinking

8

31 The U.S. supported a revolution in Panama at the turn of the 20th century in order to?A end European colonialism in Central AmericaB prevent the spread of communism in Latin AmericaC secure the right to build a canal through Central AmericaD stop human rights abuses in Latin American countries

32 The Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe DoctrineA violated the principles established in the Monroe DoctrineB called for a greater U.S. role in EuropeC established an increased U.S. presence in Latin AmericaD allowed the U.S. to annex the Philippines

33 President Theodore Roosevelt’s “Big Stick Diplomacy” is associated with the?A exercise of international police power by the U.S.B loaning of military technology to the U.S. alliesC use of economic sanctions against enemies of the U.S.D withdrawal of the U.S. from international organization

34

Which of the following best completes the diagram above?A reasons for U.S. involvement in World War IB reasons for U.S. enforcement of the Open Door PolicyC reasons for U.S. annexation of the PhilippinesD reasons for U.S. involvement in World War II

35 In the Zimmerman telegram, GermanyA declared war on FranceB apologized for the sinking of the LusitaniaC announced the resumption of unrestricted submarine warfareD proposed an alliance with Mexico if America joined the Allied Powers

9

36 The Red Scare in the U.S. immediately following World War I was a reaction to?A a perceived threat of communism in the U.S.B a rise in the number of German refugeesC President Wilson’s attempts to include the U.S. in the League of NationsD the perceived growth of organized crime in major urban areas

37

The point of view expressed in this poster is that if Americans failed to support the war effort by purchasing government bonds, then?A freedom would be threatenedB more soldiers would have to be draftedC the government would increase rationingD the U.S. would be expelled from the Allied powers

38 Many Americans opposed U.S. membership in the League of Nations out of concern that it would?A expand the power of the president on domestic issuesB lead to U.S. involvement in international conflicts without congressional approvalC place a financial burden on U.S. taxpayersD prohibit the U.S. from annexing additional territory

10

39 What did the image of the Flapper represent in 1920s American culture?A support for the temperance movement C new roles and attitudes for womenB rural fundamentalism D support for laissez-faire politics

40 Zora Neale Hurston and Langston Hughes had which of the following in common?A they were initial members of President Franklin Roosevelt’s Black CabinetB they were leaders involved with the 1960s civil rights movementC they were outspoken opponents to U.S. involvement in VietnamD they were writers associated with the Harlem Renaissance

41 The ratification of the 19th Amendment in 1920 was a victory in the long struggle for women’s equality because the amendment?A gave women the right to voteB allowed women to hold political officeC guaranteed women the right to attend state universitiesD made it illegal to discriminate against female job applicants

42

According to the chart, what was an effect of the immigration laws of 1921 and 1924?A reduction of immigration from southern and eastern Europe and AsiaB establishment of equality among ethnic groups seeking entrance to the U.S.C increase in the total number of immigrants allowed to enter the U.S.D removal of restrictions from the nations of northern and western Europe

11

43

According to the cartoon above, which of the following problems was associated with Prohibition?A counterfeiting C embezzling fundsB gambling D smuggling liquor

44

What trend does the graph above depict?A decreasing passenger car sales during the 1920sB erratic passenger car sales during the 1920sC increasing passenger car sales during the 1920sD stable passenger car sales during the 1920s

12

45 Which of the following is an accurate statement about the impact of the automobile on American life?A the automobile has helped U.S. businesses grow because people are reluctant to buy

foreign carsB the automobile has improved air quality because fossil fuels are clean-burningC the automobile has led to the growth of suburbs because cars allow people to commute to

workD the automobile has reduced freedom because people must obtain licenses to drive

46 Marcus Garvey’s program in the 1920s emphasized?A a back-to-Africa movement C separate but equal doctrinesB integration into mainstream society D vocational training

47 The booming economy of the 1920s was in part supported by American’s new attitude toward credit, which had shifted to?A Americans limited amount of large purchasesB Americans believing in their ability to pay their debts over timeC Americans believing debt to be shamefulD Americans completely ending buying on credit because they had enough money to pay

cash for all purchases

48

Which of the following best completes the diagram as a cause of the Great Depression?A decline of agricultural prices C expansion of foreign marketsB decreased income tax rate D increased savings by consumers

49 Herbert Hoover opposed direct federal relief for the needy because he?A believed that voluntary efforts could better serve peopleB discouraged charity involvementC opposed rugged individualismD favored big bureaucracy

13

50 Why were banks one of the first institutions to feel the effects of the stock market crash?A after the stock market crash people left their money in banksB banks gave out few loans in the early 1920s so there was a great deal of money in

circulationC frightened depositors began to remove their money from banksD the Federal Reserve increased interest rates in the 1920s

51 Life in the Great Plains region was made much harder during the Great Depression by?A a series of floods on the Mississippi and Missouri RiversB the failure of individuals to save money during prosperous timesC President Franklin Roosevelt’s failure to push for government aid to farmersD drought and poor farming practices that resulted in the Dust Bowl

52 Agency/Legislative Function

Works Progress Administration (WPA) Combated unemployment; created jobs throughout the economy

Rural Electrification Administration (REA) Brought electricity to isolated agricultural areas

Social Security Act ?Public Utility Holding Company Act Eliminated unfair practices and abuses of

utility companiesBanking Act Strengthened the Federal ReserveResettlement Act Assisted poor families and sharecroppers in

beginning new farms or purchasing land

The chart above shows the major achievements of the Second New Deal. Which of the following functions relates to the Social Security Act and belongs in the blank box in the chart?A created an unemployment system, disability insurance, old-age pension, and child

welfare benefitsB employed single men for natural resource conservationC reduced agricultural surplus and raised prices for farmersD regulated the stock market to avoid dishonest practices

14

53

Which of the following conclusions best reflects the view of the cartoonist about New Deal programs?A the programs caused the DepressionB the programs ended the DepressionC the programs were complicated and difficult to manageD the programs were ineffective in reducing the national debt

54 The New Deal programs of President Franklin Roosevelt changed the U.S. economy by?A encouraging greater production of agricultural goodsB expanding the trust-busting practices of Progressive Era presidentsC increasing government involvement with both business and laborD restoring the principle of a balanced budget

15

55

What is the main idea of the cartoon?A religious freedom C the right to voteB freedom of speech D the right of due process

ID: A

1

U.S. History First Semester TestAnswer Section

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1 ANS: B STA: 1:1A 2 ANS: A STA: 1:1A 3 ANS: D STA: 1:1B 4 ANS: B STA: 1:3G 5 ANS: A STA: 1:3A 6 ANS: B STA: 1:2 7 ANS: A STA: 1:2 8 ANS: D STA: 1:3A 9 ANS: B STA: 1:3C 10 ANS: C STA: 1:3E 11 ANS: A STA: 1:3C 12 ANS: D STA: 1:3E 13 ANS: A STA: 1:3H 14 ANS: B STA: 1:2A 15 ANS: C STA: 1:2A 16 ANS: D STA: 1:2A 17 ANS: B STA: 1:2A 18 ANS: A STA: 1:2B 19 ANS: A STA: 1:3E 20 ANS: C STA: 1:3H 21 ANS: A STA: 1:3D 22 ANS: A STA: 1:3C 23 ANS: A STA: 1:3F 24 ANS: A STA: 2:1A 25 ANS: B STA: 2:1A 26 ANS: A STA: 2:1D 27 ANS: B STA: 2:1C 28 ANS: C STA: 2:1C 29 ANS: B STA: 2:1B 30 ANS: B STA: 2:1B 31 ANS: C STA: 2:D 32 ANS: C STA: 2:D 33 ANS: A STA: 2:D 34 ANS: A STA: 2:3A 35 ANS: D STA: 2:3A 36 ANS: A STA: 2:3B 37 ANS: A STA: 2:3B 38 ANS: B STA: 2:3C 39 ANS: C STA: 3:1A

ID: A

2

40 ANS: D STA: 3:1A 41 ANS: A STA: 1:3F4 42 ANS: A STA: 2:3C 43 ANS: D STA: 1:3F4 44 ANS: B STA: 3:1D 45 ANS: C STA: 3:1D 46 ANS: A STA: 1:3H 47 ANS: B STA: 3:1D 48 ANS: A STA: 3:2B 49 ANS: A STA: 3:2C 50 ANS: C STA: 3:2B 51 ANS: D STA: 3:2D 52 ANS: A STA: 3.3B 53 ANS: C STA: 3:3A 54 ANS: C STA: 3:3B 55 ANS: C STA: 1:F4