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Example of acute and chronic inflammation

PROBLEM BASED LEARNING (PBL)

PREPARED BY: MUHAMMAD ARIFF B. MAHDZUB

BACHELOR MEDICINE AND SURGERY (MBBS)

UNIVERSITY COLLEGE SHAHPUTRA, KUANTAN

Example of diseases associated with acute inflammation

• acute bronchitis

• sore throat from a cold or flu

• acute appendicitis

• acute tonsillitis,

• acute infective meningitis

• acute sinusitis

Acute bronchitis

Sore throat

Acute appendicitis

Acute tonsillitis

Acute infective meningitis

Acute sinusitis

Example of diseases associated with chronic inflammation

• Alzheimer’s Diseases

• Rheumatoid Arthritis

• Chronic peptic ulcer

• Asthma

• Hypersensitivity

Alzheimer’s disease

Rheumatoid arthritis

Rheumatoid arthritis

Chronic peptic ulcer

Asthma

Hypersensitivity

Body Reaction Towards

Hypersensitivity

Hypersensitivity

A state of altered reactivity in which the body reacts with an exaggerated immune response to a foreign substance

There are 4 types :

1. Type I (Anaphylactic) reactions2. Type II (Cytotoxic) reactions3. Type III (Immune complex) reactions4. Type IV (Cell-mediated) reactions

Type 1 (Anaphylactic) reactions

• Occur within minutes of exposure to antigen

• Allergen attached to IgE antibodies

• IgE binds to mast cells and basophils, causing them to undergo degranulation and release several

chemical mediators :

• histamine – dilates and increases permeability of blood vessels (swelling & redness)

• Prostaglandins – contraction of smooth muscle & increased mucus secretions (control blood pressure)