evsjv‡`k †ijI‡qi Dbœqb

Ges †ij KviLvbvmg~n

evsjv‡`k †ijI‡qi Dbœqb

Ges †ij KviLvbvmg~n

cÖwZ‡e`b

ˆmq` gvneyeyj Avjg

gviæd †nv‡mb

†gvt AvwZKzi ingvb

m¤úv`bvq

mvBdzwÏb Avn‡g`

cÖKvk Kvj

1jv b‡f¤^i 2014

cª”Q` Qwe

Bd‡ZLvi Igi

cwi`k©K `j

†gvt Kwei †nv‡mb, A_© m¤úv`K, evsjv‡`k Bbw÷wUDU Ae †jevi ÷vwWR- wejm&|

gvi“d †nv‡mb, b¨vkbvj GW‡fv‡Kwm Awdmvi, IqvK© di G †eUvi evsjv‡`k Uªv÷|

wRqvDi ingvb, cÖKí Kg©KZ©v, IqvK© di G †eUvi evsjv‡`k Uªv÷|

†gvt AvwZKzi ingvb, mnKvwi cÖKí Kg©KZ©v, IqvK© di G †eUvi evsjv‡`k Uªv÷|

AvwZK †gvi‡k`, †Kv- AwW©‡bUi, cwi‡ek euvPvI Av‡›`vjb (cev)|

†gvt dRjyj nK Lvb, cÖavb wbe©vnx, ivbx|

BqvKze Avjx, cÖavb wbe©vnx, ggZv cjx Dbœqb ms¯’v|

†gvt †mwjg, m`m¨, cwi‡ek euvPvI Av‡›`vjb (cev)|

†kL iv‡mj, m`m¨, cwi‡ek euvPvI Av‡›`vjb (cev)|

Manjushree Maharjan, FK Volunteer from Nepal. Prabhakar Gaur, FK Volunteer from India.

* mvi ms‡¶c ................................................................................................................................. 01

* f~wgKv ........................................................................................................................................ 03

* M‡elYvi D‡Ïk¨ ............................................................................................................................ 04

* M‡elYvi c×wZ .......................................................................................................................... 04

* †ijI‡q KviLvbvi HwZnvwmK weeiY .................................................................................................. 05

* KviLvbvi Kvh©µgmg~n ................................................................................................................... 05

* ‰mq`cyi †ijI‡q KviLvbv ............................................................................................................... 06

* †K›`ªxq †jv‡Kv‡gvwUf KviLvbv (cve©Zxcyi) ........................................................................................... 07

* wW‡Rj †jv‡Kv‡gvwUf KviLvbv (cve©Zxcyi) ........................................................................................... 07

* cvnvoZjx K¨v‡iR I IqvMb KviLvbv ................................................................................................. 08

* KviLvbvi P¨v‡jÄmg~n : ................................................................................................................. 08

* Kvh©¶gZv ................................................................................................................. 09

* ev‡RU ..................................................................................................................... 10

* †jvKej mgm¨v ......................................................................................................... 11

* gvbm¤§Z hš¿vsk- Gi cÖZzjZv I Ab¨vb¨ mgm¨v : ................................................................ 13

* †gwkbvixR mgm¨v : ..................................................................................................... 14

* i¶Yv‡e¶Y mgm¨v : ................................................................................................... 16

* hš¿vsk µ‡q wcwcAvi- Gi mxgve×Zv ............................................................................... 16

* Ae¨e¯’vcbv : ............................................................................................................. 16

* Kg©x e¨e¯’vcbv : ......................................................................................................... 17

* wk¶vbexk KvwiMi wb‡qvM : ........................................................................................... 18

* kªwgK‡`i Av_©-mvgvwRK Ae¯’v: Drcv`bkxjZvq cÖfve ......................................................... 18

* we‡`wk `vZv I FY cÖ`vbKvix ms¯’vmg~‡ni f~wgKv ............................................................... 19

* KviLvbv Ges m¤¢vebv ................................................................................................... 20

* Avš—R©vwZK D`vniY .................................................................................................... 21

* KwZcq mycvwik .......................................................................................................... 22

* Dcmsnvi .................................................................................................................................... 23

* Z_¨cwÄ ...................................................................................................................................... 23

* cwiwkó ....................................................................................................................................... 24

* 1922 mv‡j ¯‹Uj¨vÛ- G cÖ¯—ZK……Z Kv‡Vi ˆZwi †mjyb .............................................................................. 27

wPÎ 1: ˆmq`cyi †ijI‡q KviLvbvi K¨v‡iR mc ....................................................................................... 04

wPÎ 2: ˆmq`cyi †ijI‡q KviLvbvi Af¨š—‡i Kg©iZ Kg©Pvixe„›` ................................................................... 04

wPÎ 3: cve©Zxcyi †ijI‡q KviLvbvi Af¨š—‡i Kg©iZ Kg©Pvixe„›` .................................................................. 06

wPÎ 4: ˆmq`cyi †ijI‡q KviLvbv ........................................................................................................ 06

wPÎ 5: wefvMxq ZË¡eavqK- Gi Kvh©vjq ................................................................................................. 06

wPÎ 6: ˆmq`cyi KviLvbvi Af¨š—‡i †gqv`ËxY© †ijMvwoi PvKv ..................................................................... 06

wPÎ 7: †K›`ªxq †jv‡Kv‡gvwUf KviLvbv (cve©Zxcyi) .................................................................................... 07

wPÎ 8: wW‡Rj †jv‡Kv‡gvwUf KviLvbv (cve©Zxcyi) .................................................................................... 07

wPÎ 9: cvnvoZjx K¨v‡iR I IqvMb KviLvbv .......................................................................................... 08

wPÎ 10: ˆmq`cyi †ijI‡q KviLvbvi wfZ‡ii GKwU mc .............................................................................. 09

wPÎ 12: ˆmq`cyi †ijI‡q KviLvbvq gvÎ 45 jvL UvKvq wbwg©Z AZ¨vaywbK †ij †KvP ......................................... 10

wPÎ 11: †K›`ªxq †jv‡Kv‡gvwUf KviLvbvi wfZ‡ii GKwU mc .......................................................................... 10

wPÎ 13: KviLvbvi Af¨š—‡i †givgZvaxb hvÎxevnx †KvP ............................................................................... 11

wPÎ 14: ˆmq`cyi †ijI‡q KviLvbvi m‡ci †ev‡W© †jvKej msK‡Ui wPÎ ........................................................... 11

wPÎ 15: cvnvoZjx †ijKviLvbvq Kg©iZ kªwgK ......................................................................................... 12

wPÎ 16: †K›`ªxq †jv‡Kv‡gvwUf KviLvbvi †ev‡W© †jvKej msµvšÍ Z_¨ .............................................................. 12

wPÎ 17: ˆmq`cyi †ijKviLvbvq Kg©iZ kªwg‡Ki wPÎ ................................................................................... 13

wPÎ 18: †ij KviLvbvq e¨eüZ cÖ‡qvRbxq hš¿vsk ....................................................................................... 13

m~wPcÎ

wPÎ

mviYx 1: evsjv‡`k †ijI‡qi wZbwU KviLvbvi Kvh©¶gZvi QK ..................................................................... 10

mviYx 2: †ijI‡qi wZbwU KviLvbvi ev‡RU eiv‡Ïi wPÎ ............................................................................. 11

mviYx 3: †ijI‡qi wZbwU KviLvbvi †jvKej- Gi wPÎ ............................................................................... 13

mviYx 4: cvnvoZjx †ij KviLvbvi cv›Um GÛ †gwkbvixR msµvšÍ Z_¨ .......................................................... 15

mviYx 5: evsjv‡`k †ijI‡qi wZbwU KviLvbvi †gwkbvixR msµvšÍ Z_¨ .......................................................... 15

mviYx 6: ˆmq`cyi †ij KviLvbvq Aem‡i hvIqv Kg©KZ©v-Kg©Pvix‡`i msL¨v ..................................................... 17

mviYx 7: cvnvoZjx †ij KviLvbvq eq¯‹ Kg©Pvix msµvšÍ Z_¨ ..................................................................... 17

mviYx 8: ˆmq`cyi †ij KviLvbvi 2001 mvj n‡Z 2011 mvj ch©šÍ eQiwfwËK hvÎxevnx Mvox

†givgZ ev AvDUUvY© m¤úwK©Z cwimsL¨vb ................................................................................... 24

mviYx 9: ˆmq`cyi †ij KviLvbvi cv›Um GÛ †gwkbvixR ............................................................................. 24

mviYx 10: ˆmq`cyi KviLvbvq gÄyixK…Z Rbe‡ji msL¨v, Kg©iZ Rbej Ges k~b¨c‡`i msL¨v ................................ 24

mviYx 11: cvnvoZjx K¨v‡iR I IqvMb KviLvbvi 1997-98 mvj n‡Z 2011-12 mvj ch©šÍ eQiwfwËK

Mvox †givgZ ev AvDUUvY© m¤úwK©Z cwimsL¨vb ............................................................................ 25

mviYx 12: cvnvoZjx K¨v‡iR I IqvMb KviLvbvi cv›Um GÛ †gwkbvixR ......................................................... 25

mviYx 13: cvnvoZjx †ij KviLvbvq Mvwoi wmwWDj †givgZ I mgqKvj ......................................................... 26

mviYx 14: wW‡Rj †jv‡Kv‡gvwUf KviLvbvi gÄyixK…Z Rbej, Kg©iZ Rbej Ges k~b¨c‡`i msL¨v ............................ 26

mviYx 15: cve©Zxcyi †K›`ªxq †jv‡Kv‡gvwUf KviLvbvi gÄyixK…Z Rbej, Kg©iZ Rbej Ges k~b¨c‡`i msL¨v ............... 26

mviYx

wPÎ 19: cve©Zxcyi †ij KviLvbvi Af¨šÍ‡i miÄvg wefvM ............................................................................. 14

wPÎ 20: ˆmq`cyi †ijI‡q KviLvbvq e¨eüZ 1947 mv‡ji †gwkb ................................................................. 14

wPÎ 21: cvnvoZjx †ijI‡q KviLvbvq e¨eüZ 1952 mv‡ji †gwkb ................................................................ 15

wPÎ 22: cvnvoZjx †ijI‡q KviLvbvq e¨eüZ 1960 mv‡ji †gwkb ................................................................ 15

wPÎ 23: ev‡RU ¯^íZvi Kvi‡Y †gwkb i¶Yv‡e¶Y e¨nZ ............................................................................... 16

wPÎ 24: cvnvoZjx †ijI‡q KviLvbvq Kg©iZ eq¯‹ Kg©Pvix .......................................................................... 17

wPÎ 25: ˆmq`cyi †ijI‡q KviLvbvq Kg©iZ eq¯‹ Kg©Pvix ............................................................................ 17

wPÎ 26: cvnvoZjx †ijI‡q KviLvbvq Kg©iZ eq¯‹ Kg©Pvix .......................................................................... 17

wPÎ 27: KviLvbvq Kg©iZ bvix wk¶vbexk ................................................................................................ 18

wPÎ 28: KviLvbvi Kg©iZ Kg©KZ©v I Kg©Pvixe„›` ........................................................................................ 18

wPÎ 29: cve©Zxcyi †ijI‡q KviLvbvi wfZ‡ii `„k¨ ..................................................................................... 19

wPÎ 30: ˆmq`cyi †ijI‡q KviLvbvi wfZ‡ii `„k¨ ...................................................................................... 19

wPÎ 31: KviLvbv Af¨š—‡i hvÎxevnx Mvox †givg‡Zi Av‡Mi `„k¨ .................................................................... 20

wPÎ 32: KviLvbv Af¨š—‡i hvÎxevnx Mvox †givg‡Zi c‡ii `„k¨ ...................................................................... 20

wPÎ 33: KviLvbv Af¨š—‡i hvÎxevnx Mvox †givg‡Zi Av‡Mi `„k¨ ..................................................................... 20

wPÎ 34: KviLvbv Af¨š—‡i hvÎxevnx Mvox †givg‡Zi c‡ii `„k¨ ...................................................................... 20

wPÎ 35: evsjv‡`k †ijI‡qi nvwW©Ä †ij‡mZz ............................................................................................. 21

wPÎ 36: cve©Zxcyi †ij KviLvbvi Kg©KZ©v-Kg©Pvix‡`i †gav I kª‡g `~N©Ubvq ¶wZMÖ¯—

11 eQ‡ii cyivZb †jv‡Kv‡gvwUf cybivq mPj ................................................................................. 21

wPÎ 37: ˆmq`cyi KviLvbvi Af¨š—‡ii `„k¨ .............................................................................................. 22

wPÎ 38: ˆmq`cyi KviLvbvi †gwkb mc ................................................................................................... 24

wPÎ 39: cvnvoZjx KviLvbvq K¨v‡iR †givgZ `„k¨ ................................................................................... 25

wPÎ 40: cvnvoZjx KviLvbvi K¨v‡iR mc ................................................................................................ 25

wPÎ 41: †K›`ªxq †jv‡Kv‡gvwUf KviLvbv cve©Zxcyi ....................................................................................... 26

wPÎ 42: cve©Zxcyi wW‡Rj †jv‡Kv‡gvwUf KviLvbv ....................................................................................... 26

wPÎ 43: 1922 mv‡j ¯‹Uj¨vÛ- G cÖ¯—ZK……Z ÷xj AvÛvi‡d«‡gi Dci Kv‡Vi ˆZwi †mjyb ........................................ 27

wPÎ 44: 1922 mv‡j ¯‹Uj¨vÛ- G cÖ¯—ZK…Z ÷xj AvÛvi‡d«‡gi Dci Kv‡Vi ˆZwi †mjy‡b KviLvbv cwi`k©K `j .......... 27

wPÎ 45: 1922 mv‡j ¯‹Uj¨vÛ- G cÖ¯—ZK……Z ÷xj AvÛvi‡d«‡gi Dci Kv‡Vi ˆZwi †mjy‡bi wfZ‡ii `„k¨ .................... 27

wPÎ 54: ˆmq`cyi †ijI‡q KviLvbvi Qwe ................................................................................................. 30

wPÎ 55: ˆmq`cyi †ijI‡q KviLvbvi †gqv`DËxY© †gwkbvix‡Ri Qwe ................................................................ 31

wPÎ 56: cvnvoZjx †ijI‡q KviLvbvi Qwe ............................................................................................... 32

wPÎ 57: cvnvoZjx †ijI‡q KviLvbvi †gqv`DËxY© †gwkbvix‡Ri Qwe .............................................................. 33

wPÎ 58: cve©Zxcyi †ijI‡q KviLvbvi Qwe ................................................................................................ 34

Rbve †gvt †Zvdv¾j †nv‡mb, gnvcwiPvjK, evsjv‡`k †ijI‡q

Rbve Avey Zv‡ni, mv‡eK gnvcwiPvjK, evsjv‡`k †ijI‡q

Rbve Lwjjyi ingvb, AwZ. gnvcwiPvjK (AviGm), evsjv‡`k †ijI‡q

Rbve †gvt nvmvb gbmyi, mv‡eK cÖavb wbe©vnx, †K›`ªxq †jv‡Kv‡gvwUf KviLvbv, cve©Zxcyi

Rbve wgRvbyi ingvb, cÖavb wbe©vnx, evsjv‡`k †ijI‡q K¨v‡iR I IqvMb KviLvbv, cvnvoZjx

Rbve byi gynv¤§`, g¨v‡bRvi, cve©Zxcyi †K›`ªxq †jv‡Kv‡gvwUf KviLvbv, w`bvRcyi

Rbve †gvt nweeyi ingvb wg¯¿x, †MÖW-1, wmGÛWvweD, evsjv‡`k †ijI‡q KviLvbv, ˆmq`cyi

Rbve Kvgvj DwÏb Lvb, B‡jw±ªK wg¯¿x, †MÖW-2, wW‡Rj †jv‡Kv‡gvwUf KviLvbv, cve©Zxcyi

Rbve wiRIqvbyi ingvb Lvb, wmwbqi WvUv Gw›Uª K‡›Uªvj Acv‡iUi Awdm (c~e©), wmAviwe, PÆMÖvg

Rbve ksKi jvj mvnv, wmwbqi BwÄt, Wªwqs BbPvR©, evsjv‡`k †ijI‡q K¨v‡iR I IqvMb KviLvbv, cvnvoZjx

evsjv‡`k †ijI‡qi †UªW BDwbqbmg~n

MvDm wcqvix, cwiPvjK (cÖkvmb), IqvK© di G †eUvi evsjv‡`k Uªv÷

Avwgbyj Bmjvg myRb, Kg©m~wP mgš^qKvix IqvK© di G †eUvi evsjv‡`k Uªv÷

bvRbxb Kexi, wmwbqi cÖKí Kg©KZv©, IqvK© di G †eUvi evsjv‡`k Uªv÷

mvwgDj nvmvb mRxe, mnKvwi cÖKí Kg©KZ©v, IqvK© di G †eUvi evsjv‡`k Uªv÷

K…ZÁZv ¯^xKvi

we‡kl K…ZÁZv

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K¨v‡iR t hvÎxevnx Mvox

IqvMb t gvjevnx Mvox

†jv‡Kv‡gvwUf t †ijMvoxi BwÄb

BDwbU t 1wU hvÎxevnx Mvwo =2.00 BDwbU

wRIGBP t †Rbv‡ij Ifvi †nvwjs

wcIGBP t wcwiIwWK¨vj Ifvi †nvwjs

GjB t wjdwUs G¨vjvwg©s

ˆe`y¨wUK Uªvfvimvi t †ijMvox GK mc †_‡K Ab¨ m‡c †bqvi Kv‡R e¨eüZ hš¿

†RweAvBwm t Rvcvb e¨vsK di B›Uvib¨vkbvj †Kv-Acv‡ikb

mc t KviLvbvi Af¨š—‡i Mvwo †givg‡Zi Rb¨ wewfbœ †mKkb

wmwWDj nvjbvMv` t wbwÏ©ó mg‡q †i‡ji K¨v‡iR, IqvMb, †jv‡Kv‡gvwUf †givg‡Zi mgqKvj

n¨vÛ Uzjm t Mvox †givgZ Ges wewfbœ hš¿vsk †Lvjv I jvMv‡bvi †¶‡Î hv e¨envi nq

UxKvcyÄ

evsjv‡`k †ijI‡q GKwU RbwcÖq ivóªxq †mev ms¯’v| wbivc`, Avivg`vqK, mvkªqx evnb wn‡m‡e `xN©w`b a‡i AZ¨šÍ

mybv‡gi mv‡_ hvÎx cwien‡bi cvkvcvwk cY¨ cwienb Kivq DbœZ †`k¸wj‡Z †ijI‡q m¤cÖmvi‡Yi KvR Pj‡Q|

evsjv‡`‡kI †ij †hvMv‡hvM e¨e¯’v AvaywbKvq‡bi †Kvb weKí †bB| BwZg‡a¨ †i‡ji Dbœq‡b wewfbœ cwiKíbv MÖnY Kiv

n‡q‡Q| †i‡ji Ab¨Zg cÖvYkw³ ev PvwjKvkw³ †ij KviLvbv¸‡jv‡K AvaywbKvq‡b Kvh©Kix c`‡¶c MÖnY Kiv

cÖ‡qvRb|

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cÖwZôv Kiv n‡jI Zv AvRI bvbv Kvi‡Y e¨nZ n‡”Q| KviLvbv¸‡jvi eZ©gvb Ae¯’v Ges Gi Kvh©KvwiZv e¨nZ nIqvi

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cve©Zxcyi, cvnvoZjx) cwi`k©b Kiv nq|

1870 mv‡j ˆmq`cy‡i ZrKvjxb Avmvg- †e½j eZ©gvb evsjv‡`k †ijI‡qi me©cÖ_g †ij KivLvbv cÖwZôv Kiv nq|

cieZ©x‡Z cvnvoZjx Ges cve©Zxcy‡i Av‡iv `ywU KviLvbv cÖwZwôZ nq| G KviLvbv¸‡jv cÖwZôvi g~j D‡Ïk¨ wQj

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hv hvÎx‡mev cÖ`vb I cY¨ cwien‡bi †¶‡Î Aš—ivq| G †cÖ¶vc‡U evsjv‡`‡ki †ij †hvMv‡hvM e¨e¯’v AvaywbKvq‡b

Ges †KvP, IqvMb I †jv‡Kv‡gvwUf- Gi mPjZv Ges Avqy®‹vj wVK ivL‡Z myô~ cwiKíbvi gva¨‡g cÖ‡qvRbxq `¶

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- 01 -

mvi ms‡¶c

- 02 -

- 03 -

f~wgKv

evsjv‡`k †ijI‡q HwZn¨evnx GKwU ivóªxq †mev

cÖwZôvb| †ij GKwU `¶ I myweavRbK †hvMv‡hvM

gva¨g| †ij †hvMv‡hvM Pvjyi †¶‡Î GKKvjxb e¨q

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Pj‡Z _v‡K|

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GB myweavRbK †hvMv‡hvM gva¨g‡K Ae‡njv K‡i

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g¨vKvwbK¨vj wefvM, cÖ‡KŠkjx wefvM, g¨vK, UªvwdK

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f~wgKv iv‡L|

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Afve, Ae¨e¯’vcbv Ges `¶ Rbej msKU

†ijI‡q‡K Kvw•LZ Ae¯’v‡b wb‡q †h‡Z e¨_© n‡q‡Q|

`k‡Ki ci `kK a‡i †i‡ji cÖwZ †h Ae‡njv Kiv

n‡q‡Q, Zv K‡qK w`‡b ev K‡qK gv‡m mgvavb Kiv

m¤¢e bq| ¯^í, ga¨ Ges `xN© †gqv`x cwiKíbvi

cvkcvwk RvZxq ev‡R‡U cwienb Lv‡Z †h ev‡RU

i‡q‡Q †mLv‡b †ij‡K cÖvavb¨ w`‡q †ij

KviLvbv¸‡jv‡K AvaywbKvq‡bi D‡`¨vM MÖnY Ki‡Z

n‡e|

- 04 -

GB M‡elYvi g~j D‡Ïk¨B wQj evsjv‡`k †ijI‡qi

KviLvbv¸‡jvi eZ©gvb wPÎ ch©‡e¶Y, mgm¨vi MfxiZv I

m¤¢ebvi w`Kmg~n AbymÜvb Ges KviLvbvi mv‡_ hvÎx

†mev I cY¨ cwien‡bi m¤úK© wbiƒcY Kiv| GQvov

mywbw`©ó D‡Ïk¨mg~n:

evsjv‡`k †ijI‡q KviLvbvmg~‡ni HwZnvwmK

cUf~wg m¤ú‡K© avibv jvf|

KviLvbvi †jvKej I Zv‡`i Drcv`bkxjZv m¤ú‡K©

Rvbv|

KviLvbvi KvwiMix wel‡qi Dci †gŠwjK avibv

AR©b|

ev‡RU I µq-weµq msµvšÍ mgm¨v Rvbv|

†ij KviLvbv¸‡jvi mgm¨v wPwýZKiY|

KviLvbv AvaywbKvq‡b we‡`kx `vZv ms¯’vi f~wgKv

m¤ú‡K© AewnZ nIqv|

†ij KviLvbv¸‡jv‡Z weivRgvb mgm¨v mgvav‡bi

Dcvq AbymÜvb

KviLvbv AvaywbKvq‡b mycvwik ˆZwi Kiv|

Av‡jvP¨ M‡elYvq cªv_wgK Ges

gva¨wgK Dfq ai‡bi DcvË e¨envi

Kiv n‡q‡Q| cÖv_wgK DcvË wn‡m‡e

GB M‡elYvq gvV (KviLvbv) cwi`k©b

Ges ¸bevPK c×wZ cÖ‡qvM Kiv

n‡q‡Q| †¶Îwe‡k‡l `jxq Av‡jvPbvi

(Focus Group

Discussion-FGD) Avkªq †bqv

n‡q‡Q| M‡elYvq mgm¨vi we¯Ívi I

RwUjZvi welqwU gv_vq †i‡L cÖvmw½K

Z_¨ I gva¨wgK Z‡_¨i mn‡hvwMZvi

cvkvcvwk GKvwaK msL¨K e¨w³MZ

mv¶vrKvi MÖnY Kiv n‡q‡Q| GQvov

I‡qe WKz‡g›Um, Rvb©vj AvwU©K¨vj,

Awdwmqvj †iKW© Ges eB- Gi gva¨‡g

gva¨wgK DcvË msMÖn Kiv n‡q‡Q|

M‡elYv c×wZ

M‡elYvi D‡Ïk¨

wPÎ 2: ˆmq`cyi †ijI‡q KviLvbvi Af¨š—‡i Kg©iZ Kg©Pvixe„›`

wPÎ 3: cve©Zxcyi †ijI‡q KviLvbvi Af¨š—‡i Kg©iZ Kg©Pvixe„›`

wPÎ 1: ˆmq`cyi †ijI‡q KviLvbvi K¨v‡iR mc

- 05 -

1870 mv‡j Avmvg-†e½j †ijc_‡K wN‡i ZrKvjxb

weªwUk miKvi 110 GKi RvqMvi Dci ˆmq`cyi

†ijI‡q KviLvbv cÖwZôv Kiv nq| cÖv_wgK ch©v‡q

ˆmq`cyi KviLvbvwU GKwU †ijI‡q †jv‡Kv‡gvwUf

†givgZ †kW wnmv‡e hvÎv ïi“ K‡i| cieZ©xKv‡j

GB †kWwU wgUvi‡MR hvÎxevnx Mvox, gvjevnx Mvox

I wóg †jv‡Kv‡gvwUf †givgZ KviLvbvq iƒcvšÍwiZ

nq| eªW‡MÖR hvÎxevnx Mvox †givg‡Zi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv

†`Lv w`‡j cvwK¯—vb Avg‡j 1953 mvj †_‡K

eªW‡MR hvÎxevnx Mvox †givg‡Zi KvR ïi“ K‡i|

e„wUk ¯^vaxbc~e© evsjvq w÷g/KqjvPvwjZ

†jv‡KvgwUf †ewk wQj| 1858 mv‡j cvnvoZjx‡Z

wW‡Rj KviLvbv Pvjy Kiv nq| ZviB avivevwnKZvq

1891 mv‡j PÆMÖvg, cvnvoZjx‡Z Avmvg-†e½j

†ijI‡qi wóg †jv‡Kv‡gvwUf Gi Rb¨ †jv‡Kv‡kW

cÖwZôv Kiv nq|

cieZx©‡Z G Dcgnv‡`‡ki †fŠMwjK wefw³i ci

†ijI‡qi Dbœq‡bi cwi‡cÖw¶‡Z 1947 mv‡j PÆMÖvg.

cvnvoZjx KviLvbv wn‡m‡e cÖKvk N‡U| ¯^vaxbZv

cieZ©x mg‡q w÷g/Kqjvi cwie‡Z© wW‡RjPvwjZ

†jv‡KvgwUf Pvjyi wPšÍv fvebv Pj‡Z _v‡K| hvi

cÖ¯ÍwZ wn‡m‡e 1976 mv‡j XvKvq wW‡Rj KviLvbv

Pvjy nq| 1979 mv‡j w÷g/KqjvPvwjZ †jv‡KvgwUf

m¤ú~Y©iƒ‡c eÜ K‡i †`qv nq|

wW‡Rj PvwjZ †jv‡KvgwUf mPj ivL‡Z wbqwgZ

ms¯‹v‡ii j‡¶¨ 1978 mv‡j †mŠw` A_© mnvqZvq

111 GKi Rwgi Ici 203 †KvwU UvKv e¨‡q

cve©Zxcy‡i †jv‡Kv‡gvwUf IqvK©kc ¯’vcb cÖKí nv‡Z

†bqv nq| 1981 mv‡j cve©Zxcyi wW‡Rj KviLvbv

Pvjy nq| ZviB avivevwnKZvq 1992 mv‡ji 14 †g

cve©Zxcy‡i †jv‡Kv‡gvwUf IqvK©kc AvbyôvwbKfv‡e

hvÎv ïi“ K‡i|

KviLvbvi Kvh©µgmg~n

†ijI‡q KviLvbvi HwZnvwmK weeiY

ˆmq`cyi †ijI‡q KviLvbv|

cve©Zxcyi †K›`ªxq †jv‡Kv‡gvwUf KviLvbv|

cve©Zxcyi wW‡Rj †jv‡Kv‡gvwUf KviLvbv|

cvnvoZjx K¨v‡iR I IqvMb KviLvbv|

evsjv‡`k †ijI‡qi K¨v‡iR, †jv‡Kv‡gvwUf Ges IqvMb †givgZ g~jZ PviwU KviLvbvq m¤úbœ n‡q _v‡K| †hgb:

- 06 -

ˆmq`cyi †ijI‡q KviLvbv

ˆmq`cyi †ijI‡q KviLvbvq c~e©vÂj I

cwðgv‡ji K¨v‡iR (hvÎxevnx Mvwo),

IqvMb (gvjevnx Mvwo) Ges wiwjd

†µb- Gi GjB, wcIGBP Ges

wRIGBP- Gi KvR Kiv nq| D‡jL¨

AvšÍtbMi †Uªb cÖwZ 1 eQi I †gBj

G·‡cÖm cÖwZ †`o eQi ci ci GjB,

cÖwZ 4 I 6 eQi AšÍi wcIGBP Ges

cÖwZ 12 eQi ci ci wRIGBP Kiv

nq| GQvov K¨v‡iR, IqvMb, †µb,

eqjvi I †jv‡KvgwUf- Gi wewfbœ LyPiv

hš¿vsk ˆZwii cvkvcvwk Pvwn`v Abyhvqx

Ab¨ wefv‡Mi h_v: †mbvevwnbx,

ga¨cvov KwVb wkjv cÖKí,

eocyKzwiqvLwb cÖf„wZ miKvwi ms¯’vi

hš¿vsk ˆZwi Kiv nq| GQvov `~N©Ubv

KewjZ K¨v‡iR, IqvMb Mvwoi we‡kl

†givgZI G KviLvbvq n‡q _v‡K|

wPÎ 4: ˆmq`cyi †ijI‡q KviLvbv

wPÎ 5: wefvMxq ZË¡veavqK- Gi Kvh©vjq

wPÎ 6: ˆmq`cyi KviLvbvi Af¨š—‡i †gqv`ËxY© cwiZ¨³ †ijMvwoi PvKv

wPÎ 8: wW‡Rj †jv‡Kv‡gvwUf KviLvbv (cve©Zxcyi)

wPÎ 7: †K›`ªxq †jv‡Kv‡gvwUf KviLvbv (cve©Zxcyi)

- 07 -

†K›`ªxq †jv‡Kv‡gvwUf KviLvbv (cve©Zxcyi)

wW‡Rj †jv‡Kv‡gvwUf KviLvbv (cve©Zxcyi)

wW‡Rj †jv‡Kv‡gvwUf KviLvbvi Kvh©µg : wW‡Rj

†jv‡Kv‡gvwUf KviLvbv 1981 mv‡j cÖwZwôZ nq|

GLv‡b g~jZ Gd wmwWD‡j Ges wR wmwWD‡j

†jv‡Kv‡gvwUf †givgZ Kiv nq| †h †Kv‡bv

†jv‡Kv‡gvwUf 1 eQi 6 gvm AšÍi mvaviY †givgZ

(Gd wmwWDj) Ges 3 eQi AšÍi gvSvwi †givgZ (wR

wmwWDj) Kivi Rb¨ wW‡Rj †jv‡Kv‡gvwUf KviLvbvq

†cÖiY Kiv nq| GLv‡b †Z‡ji U¨vsK, cvwbi U¨vsK

Ges Bwćbi wfZ‡ii gvSvwi †givg‡Zi KvR m¤úbœ

Kiv nq|

eZ©gv‡b evsjv‡`k †ijI‡qi en‡i 258wU

†jv‡Kv‡gvwUf Av‡Q| †jv‡Kv‡gvwUf- Gi MwZkxjZv

a‡i ivL‡Z Ges Avqy®‹vj wVK ivLvi Rb¨ cÖwZ Qq

eQi ci ci evsjv‡`k †ijI‡qi me ai‡bi

†jv‡Kv‡gvwUf †Rbv‡ij Ifvinwjs A_©vr wRIGBP

(eo ai‡bi †givgZ) Kiv‡Z nq| G KvRwU

cvnvoZjx †K›`ªxq †jv‡Kv‡gvwUf KviLvbvq Kiv nq|

- 08 -

wPÎ 9: cvnvoZjx K¨v‡iR I IqvMb KviLvbv

cvnvoZjx K¨v‡iR I IqvMb KviLvbv

KviLvbvi P¨v‡jÄmg~n

cvnvoZjx K¨v‡iR I IqvMb KviLvbvi Kvh©µg:

†ijI‡qi c~e©v‡ji cÖvq 930 wU hvÎxevnx Mvox Ges

cÖvq 7000 gvjevnx Mvoxi hveZxq i¶Yv‡eY Ges

we‡kl †givgZ KvR G KviLvbvwU‡Z Kiv nq|

hvÎxevnx I gvjevnx Mvoxi wmwWDj †givgZ KvR

QvovI †ivwjs÷‡K e¨envh© wewfbœ hš¿vsk Drcv`b,

ˆe`y¨wZK †gwkbc‡Îi †givgZ, wewfbœ wbivc` hš¿vs‡ki

(safety-item) cix¶v-wbix¶v KiY cÖf„wZ ¸i“Z¡c~Y©

KvR¸‡jv G KviLvbvwU‡Z Kiv n‡q _v‡K| cvkvcvwk

KviLvbvi 4 kZvwaK wewfbœ ai‡bi c¨v›U I †gwk‡bi

i¶Yv‡e¶‡Yi KvRI KviLvbvq n‡q _v‡K|

eZ©gv‡b †ijI‡q KviLvbvmg~n‡K bvbv iKg P¨v‡j‡Äi

m¤§yLxb n‡Z n‡”Q| hvi djkÖ“wZ‡Z †ij KviLvbv¸‡jv

†h D‡Ï‡k¨ cÖwZôv Kiv n‡qwQj Zv e¨nZ n‡”Q| AwZ

cyivZb RivRxY© I †gqv` DËxY© AwaKvsk c¨v›Um Ges

†gwkbvixR Ges `¶ Rbej NvUwZ, cÖ‡qvRbxq KuvPvgvj

mgqgZ bv cvIqv Ges ch©vß ev‡RU cÖ`vb bv Kivi

Kvi‡Y wba©vwiZ j¶¨gvÎv Abyhvqx †jv‡Kv‡gvwUf,

K¨v‡iR I IqvMb †givgZ, i¶Yv‡e‡Yi KvR gvbm¤§Z

I djcÖm~fv‡e h_vmg‡q m¤úv`b Kiv hv‡”Q bv| 2011

mv‡j ‰mq`cyi †ijI‡q KviLvbv AvaywbKvqb- Gi

KvR ïi“ n‡jI Rbej Ges AvaywbK †gwk‡bi Afve

cwijw¶Z nq| Aciw`‡K cvnvoZjx †ij KviLvbvi

Drcv`b e„w×i j‡¶¨ 2007 mv‡j Rvcvb e¨vsK di

B›Uvib¨vkbvj †Kv-Acv‡ikb (†RweAvBwm)- Gi

A_©vq‡b 146 †KvwU UvKvi GKwU cÖKí ïi“ Kivi

K_v _vK‡jI GLbI KvR ïi“ nqwb| G‡Z K‡i hvÎx

I cwien‡bi Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq msL¨K hvÎxevnx †KvP I

IqvMb mgqgZ mieivn Kiv m¤¢e n‡”Q bv|

- 09 -

Kvh©¶gZv

†jvKej NvUwZ, ev‡RU ¯^íZv, AvaywbK †gwkbvixR

Ges cÖ‡qvRbxq KuvPvgv‡ji ¯^íZvi Kvi‡Y evsjv‡`k

†ijI‡qi KviLvbv¸‡jvi Drcv`b Kvh©¶gZv w`b

w`b Kg‡Q| KviLvbv¸‡jv Zvi j¶¨gvÎv AR©b

Ki‡Z m¶g n‡”Q bv| ‰mq`cyi †ijI‡q KviLvbvq

hvÎxevnx wgUvi †MR Mvox cÖwZgv‡m 45Uv, eªW †MR

Mvox 30Uv Ges gvjevnx Mvox ˆ`wbK 7Uv †givg‡Zi

K_v _vK‡jI ch©vß †jvKej, cÖ‡qvRbxq KuvPvgvj

Gi Afve Ges wbgœgv‡bi gvjvgvj mieivn Kivi

Kvi‡Y Drcv`b gvivZ¥Kfv‡e e¨vnZ n‡”Q|

cwðgv‡ji †gvU hvÎxevnx Mvwoi wmwWDj nvjbvMv`

ivLvi Rb¨ cÖwZ eQi wewR (wgUvi †MR) 180wU Ges

GgwR (eªW‡MR) 176wU Mvox †givgZ Kiv cÖ‡qvRb

n‡jI cÖwZ eQi wewR (wgUvi †MR) 156wU Ges

GgwR (eªW‡MR) 110wU Mvox wmwWDj Kiv m¤¢e

nq|

GKB Ae¯’v cvnvoZjx †ijI‡q KviLvbvI|

KviLvbvi †fŠZ AeKvVv‡gv, Rbej I †gwkbc‡Îi

RivRxY© Ae¯’v Ges we`¨gvb my‡hvM-myweavi wbwi‡L

2002 mv‡j hvÎxevnx Mvoxi AvDUUvY© j¶gvÎv

ˆ`wbK 2.4 BDwbU (1 wU hvwÎevnx Mvox = 2.00

BDwbU) Ges gvjevnx Mvoxi AvDUUvY© j¶¨gvÎv

ˆ`wbK 5.00 BDwbU wba©viY Kiv n‡jI eZ©gv‡b

hvÎxevnx Mvox 2.02 BDwbU Ges gvjevnx Mvox

2.43 BDwbU †givgZ Kiv m¤¢e n‡”Q|

cvkcvwk cve©Zxcyi †ijI‡q KviLvbvq cÖwZgv‡m 3wU

†jv‡Kv‡gvwUf wRIGBP (fvix †givgZ) Kivi K_v

_vK‡jI m¤¢e n‡”Q 2wU| 2012-2013 A_©eQ‡i

30wU Bwćbi fvix †givg‡Zi j¶¨gvÎvi wecix‡Z

cve©Zxcy‡i 16wU †jv‡Kv‡gvwU‡fi Ifvinwjs, 17wUi

we‡kl †givgZ KvR Kiv n‡q‡Q|

wPÎ 10: ˆmq`cyi †ijI‡q KviLvbvi wfZ‡ii GKwU mc

- 10 -

†hvMvbKviLvbvi bvg

m¶gZv

K¨v‡iR IqvMb K¨v‡iR IqvMb

‰mq`cyi 456 †givgZ nq bv 266

cvnvoZjx 2.40 BDwbU 5.00 BDwbU 2.02 BDwbU 2.43 BDwbU

cve©Zxcyi 36 †jv‡Kv‡gvwUf 22 wU †jv‡Kv‡gvwUf

mviYx 1: evsjv‡`k †ijI‡qi Gi wZbwU KviLvbvi Kvh©¶gZvi QK

wPÎ 12: ˆmq`cyi †ijI‡q KviLvbvq gvÎ 45 jvL UvKvq wbwg©Z

AZ¨vaywbK †ij †KvP

ev‡RU

†h me cÖwZeÜKZvi Kvi‡Y KviLvbvi Kvh©µg

myôyfv‡e cwiPvjbv Kiv m¤¢e nq bv Zvi g‡a¨ ev‡RU

NvUwZ Ab¨Zg| ˆmq`cyi †ij KviLvbvq hvÎxevnx

Mvox †givgZ Kvh©µg myôyfv‡e cwiPvjbvi Rb¨ cÖwZ

eQ‡ii Pvwn`v Kgc‡¶ 1600 j¶ UvKv Ges IqvMb

†givgZ Lv‡Z cÖ‡qvRb 600 j¶ UvKv| A_P

2011-2012 A_© eQ‡i hvÎxevnx Mvox †givg‡Zi

Rb¨ 1030 j¶ Ges IqvMb †givg‡Zi Rb¨ 303

j¶ UvKv eivÏ †`qv nq| cve©Zxcyi †ijI‡q

KviLvbvq 2012-2013 A_© eQ‡i cÖ‡qvRb wQj

2800 j¶, wKš‘ eivÏ †`qv n‡q‡Q 1360 j¶ UvKv

Ges cvnvoZjx †ij KviLvbvq cÖvq 1800 j¶ UvKv

Pvwn`vi AbyK‚‡j eivÏ †`qv nq gvÎ 1255.60 j¶

UvKv|

wPÎ 11: †K›`ªxq †jv‡Kv‡gvwUf KviLvbvi wfZ‡ii GKwU mc

wPÎ 14: ˆmq`cyi †ijI‡q KviLvbvi m‡ci

†ev‡W© †jvKej msK‡Ui wPÎ

- 11 -

KviLvbvi bvg mvj Pvwn`v (j¶) eivÏ (j¶)

‰mq`cyi 2011-2012 1600 1030

cve©Zxcyi 2012-2013 2800 1360

cvnvoZjx 2012-2013 250 200

mviYx 2: †ijI‡qi wZbwU KviLvbvi ev‡RU eiv‡Ïi wPÎ

†jvKej mgm¨v

wPÎ 13: KviLvbvi Af¨š—‡i †givgZvaxb hvÎxevnx †KvP

ˆmq`cyi †ijI‡q KviLvbv: 1870 mv‡j

Avmvg- †e½j †ijc_‡K wN‡i cÖwZwôZ

‰mq`cyi †ijI‡q KviLvbv cÖwZôvKvjxb

mg‡q kZ kZ †gwk‡bi kã I K‡qK nvRvi

Kg©KZ©v-Kg©Pvixi c`PviYvq gyLwiZ wQj|

1991 mv‡j †ijI‡q ÒwiKfvwi †cÖvMÖv‡giÓ

AvIZvq †ijI‡qi †jvKej 58,000 †_‡K

35,000- G bvwg‡q Avbvi d‡j KviLvbvi

†jvKe‡ji wnmveI ivZvivwZ e`‡j hvq|

djkÖ“wZ‡Z †i‡ji KviLvbv¸‡jv‡Z †jvKej

NvUwZ Zxeª AvKvi avib K‡i‡Q| ‰mq`cyi

†ijI‡q KviLvbvq 3574 Rb gÄyixZK…Z c`

_vK‡jI eZ©gv‡b Kg©iZ Av‡Qb 1621 Rb

(2013 mv‡ji ch©‡e¶b Z_¨vbymv‡i)|

wPÎ 15: cvnvoZjx †ijKviLvbvq Kg©iZ kªwgK

wPÎ 16: †K›`ªxq †jv‡Kv‡gvwUf KviLvbvi †ev‡W© †jvKej msµvšÍ Z_¨

- 12 -

†K›`ªxq †jv‡KvgwUf KviLvbv (cve©Zxcyi): cve©Zxcyi †ij KviLvbvq gÄyixK…Z c` 849 Rb, wKš‘ Kg©iZ Av‡Qb 502|

hvwš¿K wefvM †jv‡Kv‡gvwUf i¶Yv‡e¶‡Yi m‡½ mivmwi m¤ú„³| G wefv‡Mi †jvKej `iKvi 532 Rb| Kg©iZ Av‡Qb

333 Rb| KviLvbvi Rb¨ 20 Rb Kg©KZ©vi gÄywi _vK‡jI Kg©iZ Av‡Qb gvÎ 13 Rb| G Qvov mnKvix Kg©KZ©vi

Afv‡e kªwgK-Kg©Pvix‡`i ms¯’vcwbK KvR, †d¬vi ch©v‡q †jv‡Kv‡gvwUf †givg‡Zi KvR I gwbUwis e¨vcKfv‡e wewNœZ

n‡”Q| †K›`«xq †jv‡Kv‡gvwUf KviLvbvwU myôyfv‡e cwiPvjbvi Rb¨ †ek K‡qKwU mn‡hvMx wefvM i‡q‡Q| G¸‡jv‡Z

kZKiv 40 fv‡Mi †ewk Rbej msKU Pj‡Q `xN©w`b a‡i| Ab¨ w`‡K wW‡Rj †jv‡Kv‡gvwUf KviLvbvqI GKB wPÎ|

KviLvbvq gÄyixK…Z c` Av‡Q 298 wU, Gi g‡a¨ Kg©iZ Av‡Qb 188 Rb|

cvnvoZjx †ij KviLvbvq 2128 Kg©KZ©vi

wecix‡Z Kg©iZ Av‡Qb 1233 Rb| A_©vr

ˆmq`cyi KviLvbvq 55 fvM, cve©Zxcy‡i 41

fvM Ges cvnvoZjx‡Z 42 fvM

†jvKe‡ji NvUwZ i‡q‡Q| G msK‡Ui

Kvi‡Y Pvwn`v Abyhvqx †jv‡Kv‡gvwUf,

K¨v‡iR I IqvMb †givgZ Kiv m¤¢e n‡”Q

bv|

KviLvbvq †jv‡Kv‡gvwUf, K¨v‡iR I IqvMb

†givgZ Kivi my‡hvM _vK‡jI †jvKej

msK‡Ui Kvi‡Y AwZwi³ UvKv LiP K‡i

evB‡i †_‡K †givgZ Ki‡Z n‡”Q|

wPÎ 17: ˆmq`cyi †ij KviLvbvq Kg©iZ kªwg‡Ki

KviLvbv eivÏ Kg©iZ k~b¨c` NvUwZ %

ˆmq`cyi 3574 1621 1953 55

cve©Zxcyi 849 502 347 41

cvnvoZjx 2128 1233 895 42

mviYx 3: †ijI‡qi wZbwU KviLvbvi †jvKej- Gi wPÎ

wPÎ 18: †ij KviLvbvq e¨eüZ cÖ‡qvRbxq hš¿vsk

- 13 -

gvbm¤§Z hš¿vsk- Gi AcÖZzjZv I Ab¨vb¨ mgm¨v

‰mq`cyi †ij KviLvbvq hvÎxevnx wgUvi‡MR Mvox

cÖwZgv‡m 45, eªW †MR Mvox 30wU Ges gvjevnx

Mvox ˆ`wbK 7wU †givg‡Zi K_v _vK‡jI ch©vß

†jvKej, cÖ‡qvRbxq KuvPvgvj bv _vKvi cvkvcvwk

wbgœgv‡bi gvjvgvj mieivn Kiv Ges AvaywbK

n¨vÛ Uzjm mieivn bv Kivi Kvi‡Y Drcv`b

gvivZ¥Kfv‡e e¨vnZ n‡”Q| DbœZ gvbm¤§Z

KuvPvgvj wbwðZ Kivi cvkcvwk AvaywbK hš¿vsk

mieivn Kiv †M‡j cÖwZ Kg©w`e‡m 3 BDwbU

hvÎxevnx †KvP Ges 10 BDwbU gvjevnx Mvox

†givgZ I i¶Yv‡e¶Y Kiv m¤¢e|

wPÎ 19: cve©Zxcyi †ij KviLvbvi Af¨šÍ‡i miÄvg wefvM

wPÎ 20: ˆmq`cyi †ijI‡q KviLvbvq e¨eüZ 1947 mv‡ji †gwkb

- 14 -

†gwkbvixR mgm¨v

cÖ‡Z¨K KviLvbvi Drcv`kxjZv Kg©x Ges †gwk‡bi

Dci wbf©ikxj| †gwkb wVKgZ KvR bv Ki‡j

Drcv`kxjZvq MwZ Avbv m¤¢e nq bv| d‡j KviLvbv

cÖwZôvi D‡Ïk¨ e¨nZ nq| evsjv‡`k †ijI‡qi cÖavb

`ywU KviLvbv ˆmq`cyi Ges cvnvoZjx KviLvbvq

eZ©gv‡b e¨enZ AwaKvsk †gwkbvwi‡Ri eqm 50 eQ‡ii

Dc‡i P‡j †M‡Q| GB me RivRxY© †gwkb w`‡q KviLvbv

Zvi j¶¨gvÎv AR©b Ki‡Z †hgb e¨_© n‡”Q, wVK †Zgwb

kªwgK‡`i cÖwZgyn~‡Z©B SyuwK wb‡q KvR Ki‡Z n‡”Q|

‰mq`cyi †ijI‡q KviLvbvq i‡q‡Q 740wU †gwkb|

Gme †gwk‡bi eqm Avwk †_‡K beŸB eQ‡ii Dc‡i|

GKkÕ Pwjk eQ‡ii cyivZb K¨v‡iR kc, Kvjvi kc I

K¨v‡iR GÛ IqvMb †gwkb k‡c Gme †KvP †givg‡Zi

KvR Kiv n‡”Q| †KvP cvivcv‡i e¨envi Kiv n‡”Q 87

eQ‡ii cyi‡bv ‰e`y¨wZK Uªvfvimvi|

cve©Zxcyi †jv‡Kv‡gvwUf KviLvbvq †jv‡Kv‡gvwUf

†givgZ I i¶Yv‡e¶Y Kv‡R kZKiv 98 fvM hš¿vsk

we‡`k †_‡K msMÖn Kiv nq| G Kvi‡Y hš¿vsk msMÖ‡ni

Rb¨ `icÎmn Avbylw½K cÖwµqv m¤úbœ Ki‡Z nq|

†jv‡KvgwUf †givg‡Zi mgq wKUwj÷- Gi wfwˇZ

evwl©K wkwWDj ev †cÖvMªvg Abymv‡i miÄvg wefvM †_‡K

gvjvgvj mieivn Kiv nq| wKš‘ gvbm¤§Z hš¿vsk bv

cvIqvq g¨vbyqvj Abyhvqx †jv‡KvgwUf †givgZ Kiv

m¤¢e nq bv| GQvov gv‡S g‡a¨ Ifvi mvBR ev AvÛvi

mvBR hš¿vsk Avg`vwb Kiv nq| G‡Z K‡i cybivq †mB

cÖ‡qvRbxq hš¿vsk †c‡Z 2 eQ‡ii g‡Zv mgq †j‡M

hvq| G iKg Ae¯’vq wØZxq, Z…Zxq nvZ n‡q gvjvgvj

msM«n e¨qeûj I mgqmv‡c¶ nq| G‡Z K‡i

†jv‡Kv‡gvwUf †givg‡Zi ¯^vfvweK cÖwµqv e¨nZ nq|

wPÎ 22: cvnvoZjx †ijI‡q KviLvbvq e¨eüZ 1960 mv‡ji †gwkb

eqm †gwk‡bi msL¨v kZKiv

50 eQ‡ii D‡×© 40 wU 9%

40-50 eQ‡ii g‡a¨ 224 wU 52%

30-40 eQ‡ii g‡a¨ 40 wU 9%

20-30 eQ‡ii g‡a¨ 109 wU 25%

KviLvbvi

cv›Um GÛ

†gwkbvwiR

msL¨v 431 wU

mviYx 4: cvnvoZjx †ij KviLvbvi cv›Um GÛ †gwkbvixR msµvšÍ Z_¨

wPÎ 21: cvnvoZjx †ijI‡q KviLvbvq e¨eüZ 1952 mv‡ji †gwkb

1992 mv‡ji 14 †g cve©Zxcy‡i †jv‡Kv‡gvwUf IqvK©kc AvbyôvwbKfv‡e hvÎv ïi“ K‡i| d‡j GB KviLvbvi

†gwkbvwiR Zzjbvg~jK fv‡e wKQyUv fv‡jv i‡q‡Q| Z_vwc AwaKvsk †gwk‡bi eqm 30 eQ‡ii Dc‡i ‡ekx|

mviYx 5: evsjv‡`k †ijI‡qi wZbwU KviLvbvi †gwkbvixR msµvšÍ Z_¨

kZKiv

(50 eQi)

KviLvbvi bvg

‰mq`cyi 740 401 265 74 54%

cve©Zxcyi 337

cvnvoZjx 449 271 40 17 60%

†gwk‡bi msL¨v

50 eQ‡ii

Dc‡i

30-39 eQ‡ii

g‡a¨

20 eQ‡ii

wb‡P

- 15 -

cvnvoZjx †ij KviLvbvq 431 wU wewfbœ ai‡bi †gwkb

i‡q‡Q| Gi g‡a¨ †gKvwbK¨vj wefv‡M 344 wU I

B‡jKwUªK wefv‡M 87 wU †gwkb| Gme †gwk‡bi g‡a¨

20 eQ‡ii wb‡P e¨eüZ †gwk‡bi msL¨v 17 wU, 20

‡_‡K 30 eQ‡ii g‡a¨ e¨eüZ †gwk‡bi msL¨v cÖvq 109

wU| 50 eQi a‡i e¨eüZ †gwk‡bi msL¨v 224 wU|

KviLvbvq †KvP cvivcv‡i e¨envi Kiv n‡”Q 56 eQ‡ii

cyivZb ‰e`y¨wZK Uªvfvimvi|

- 16 -

wPÎ 23: ev‡RU ¯^íZvi Kvi‡Y †gwkb i¶Yv‡e¶Y e¨nZ

i¶Yv‡e¶Y mgm¨v

hš¿vsk µ‡q wcwcAvi- Gi mxgve×Zv

Ae¨e¯’vcbv

†jv‡Kv‡gvwUf, K¨v‡iR I IqvMb¸‡jv‡K GjB,

wRIGBP Ges wcIGBP Kivi Kv‡R cÖZ¨¶ I

c‡iv¶fv‡e G †gwkb¸‡jv e¨envi Kiv nq| eQ‡ii

ci eQi a‡i GB †gwkb¸‡jv e¨envi Kiv n‡jI

cÖ‡qvRbxq A‡_©i Afv‡e ‡gwkb¸‡jv i¶Yv‡e¶Y Kiv

m¤¢e n‡”Q bv| D`vniY ¯^iƒc ejv hvq- cve©Zxcy‡i

†K›`ªxq †jv‡Kv‡gvwUf KviLvbvq †gvU 337wU cv›Um

GÛ †gwkbvwiR Av‡Q| †jv‡Kv‡gvwUf wRIGBP

Kiv‡bvi Kv‡R cÖZ¨¶ I c‡iv¶fv‡e G †gwkb¸‡jv

e¨envi Kiv nq| GB me †gwkb i¶Yv‡e¶‡Yi Rb¨

cÖwZeQi GK †KvwU UvKv `iKvi| wKš‘ ch©vß ev‡RU

eivÏ bv cvIqvq †gwkb¸wji Rb¨ Uyjm I †¯úqvi

cvU©m †Kbv m¤¢e n‡”Q bv| mwVK mg‡q i¶v‡e¶Y bv

Kivi d‡j †gwkb¸‡jvi wKQy w`b ci ci weKj n‡q

c‡o| hvi d‡j KviLvbvi Kvh©µ‡gi MwZkxjZv

evavMÖ¯Í nq|

evsjv‡`k †ijI‡qi †jv‡Kv‡gvwUf, K¨v‡iR I IqvMb

wewfbœ †`k †_‡K Avg`vwb Kiv n‡q‡Q| G¸‡jv

†givgZ I i¶Yv‡e¶Y Kv‡R kZKiv 98 fvM hš¿vsk

we‡`k †_‡K msMÖn Kiv nq| wcwcAvi (cvewjK

†cÖvwKDi‡g›U i“j) Gi wbqg AbymiY Kivq

†jv‡Kv‡gvwUf, K¨v‡iR I IqvMb †givgZ- Gi †¶‡Î

¸bMZgvb wVK ivLv m¤¢e n‡”Q| A‡bK †¶‡Î `vg

†ewk _vKvq wbw`©ó †Kv¤úvwbi KvQ †_‡K hš¿vsk µq

bv K‡i Ab¨ †Kv¤úvwbi KvQ †_‡K msMÖn Kiv nq|

d‡j ¸bMZgvb I mvBR wVK _v‡K bv| d‡j

†jv‡Kv‡gvwUf, K¨v‡iR I IqvMb †givgZ Kivi wKQy

w`b ciB Avevi APj n‡q c‡o|

Drcv`bkxjZvi mv‡_ †h †Kvb cÖwZôv‡bi myôy

e¨e¯’vcbvi Mfxi m¤úK© i‡q‡Q| cÖwZôv‡b Kg©iZ

Kg©x‡`i Kv‡Ri g‡a¨ MwZkxjZv Avb‡Z myZz e¨e¯’vcbv

¸i“Z¡c~Y© f~wgKv cvjb K‡i| evsjv‡`k †ijI‡q

KviLvbv¸‡jv‡Z †jvKej I ev‡RU NvUwZi Kvi‡Y

Aee¨¯’vcbv weivR Ki‡Q| d‡j KviLvbvq Kg©iZ

Kg©x‡`i Kv‡Ri MwZ‡K evavMÖ¯Í Ki‡Q| m‡iRwgb

cwi`k©‡b †`Lv †M‡Q, cvnvoZjx wW‡Rj KviLvbvq

ms¯’vcb wefv‡M 9Rb _vKvi K_v _vK‡jI Kg©iZ

Av‡Qb 5 Rb| hv‡`i g‡a¨ 3 Rb PjwZ 2014 mv‡ji

Ryb gv‡m Aem‡i †M‡Qb| †jv‡Kv‡gvwUf †givgZ I

i¶Yv‡e¶Y Kv‡R wb‡qvwRZ Kg©x KviLvbvi

Kg©KZ©v-Kg©Pvix‡`i †eZb kxU ˆZwi, Aem‡i hvIqv

Kg©x‡`i P~ovšÍ wb®úwË Ges QywU msµvšÍ welq †`Lvïbv

Kivq †jv‡Kv‡gvwUf †givgZ KvR evavMÖ¯Í n‡”Q|

KviLvbvi Af¨šÍ‡i Kg©x‡`i Rb¨ weï× cvwb mieivn

Ges ch©vß Uq‡j‡Ui Afve i‡q‡Q| GQvov

cqtwb®‹vkb Gi e¨e¯’v LyeB bvRyK|

mviYx 7: cvnvoZjx †ij KviLvbvq eq¯‹ Kg©Pvix msµvšÍ Z_¨

eqm 41-45 46-50 51-55 56-59

msL¨v 99 382 301 203

kZKiv (%) 8.02 30.93 24.37 16.44

gÄyixK…Z c`

1235

wPÎ 24: cvnvoZjx †ijI‡q KviLvbvq Kg©iZ eq¯‹ Kg©Pvix

wPÎ 26: cvnvoZjx †ijI‡q KviLvbvq Kg©iZ eq¯‹ Kg©Pvix

wPÎ 25: ‰mq`cyi †ijI‡q KviLvbvq Kg©iZ eq¯‹ Kg©Pvix

- 17 -

Kg©x e¨e¯’vcbv

†ijI‡qi wZbwU KviLvbvq wb‡qvwRZ AwaKvsk

Kg©KZ©v- Kg©Pvixi eqm 50- Gi †ekx| Gi g‡a¨

ˆmq`cyyi KviLvbvq Kg©KZ©v‡`i kZKiv 70 fvM,

Avi Kg©Pvix‡`i cÖvq kZKiv 80 fv‡Mi eqm 50-

Gi Dc‡i| 2014 †_‡K 2017 mv‡ji g‡a¨

Kg©Pvix‡`i 549 Rb, 2014 †_‡K 2016 mv‡ji

g‡a¨ wØZxq †kªYxi Kg©KZ©vi cÖvq 17 Rb Aem‡i

hv‡eb| cvnvoZjx KviLvbvq Kg©KZ©v I Kg©Pvix‡`i

kZKiv 41 fv‡Mi eqm 50- Gi Dc‡i|

2014

2014-2016

mviYx 6: ˆmq`cyi †ij KviLvbvq Aem‡i hvIqv

Kg©KZ©v-Kg©Pvix‡`i msL¨v

mvj c`ex k~b¨c`

2014- 2017 Kg©Pvix 549 Rb

wØZxq †kªYxi

Kg©KZ©v

17 Rb

cÖ_g †kªYxi

Kg©KZ©v

3 Rb

wPÎ 27: KviLvbvq Kg©iZ bvix wk¶vbexk

- 18 -

wk¶vbexk KvwiMi wb‡qvM

kªwgK‡`i Av_©- mvgvwRK Ae¯’v: Drcv`bkxjZvq cÖfve

wk¶vbexk KvwiMi wb‡qvM I `¶ K‡i M‡o †Zvjv:

KviLvbvi Drcv`bkxjZv a‡i ivL‡Z wk¶vbexk

KvwiMi wb‡qvM Kiv cÖ‡qvRb| †Kbbv GB wk¶vbexk

KvwiMi cieZ©x‡Z `¶ Rbe‡j iƒcvšÍwiZ n‡q †ij

cwiPvjbvi †¶‡Î mnvqK f~wgKv cvjb Ki‡e|

wKš‘ eZ©gv‡b KviLvbvq wKQy bvix wk¶vbexk KvwiMi

wb‡qvM †`qv n‡q‡Q| G‡Z K‡i wKQy mgm¨vi m¤§yLxb

n‡Z n‡”Q| †Kbbv KviLvbvi wKQy fvox †gwkbvwiR

GK¯’vb †_‡K Ab¨¯’v‡b †bqv ev hš¿vsk Lyj‡Z kvwiixK

kw³i cÖ‡qvRb nq| hv wK gwnjv‡`i Øviv m¤¢e bq|

Kv‡RB bvix wk¶vbexk wb‡qv‡M mZ©KZv Aej¤^b Kiv

DwPZ|

wPÎ 28: KviLvbvi Kg©iZ Kg©KZ©v I Kg©Pvixe„›`

Kg©x‡`i Av_©-mvgvwRK Ae¯’vi mv‡_ Drcv`bkxjZvi

GK wbweo m¤úK© i‡q‡Q| Kg©x‡`i Av_©-mvgvwRK

Ae¯’v DbœZ n‡j Drcv`b ev‡o| Kg©x‡`i

Avevm¯’j¸‡jv e…wUk Avg‡ji| d‡j emev‡mi

Abyc‡hvMx n‡q c‡o‡Q| e…wói cvwb‡Z †W«‡bi gqjv

wgwjZ n‡q cy‡iv K‡jvbx `~wlZ K‡i Zy‡j| Kg©x‡`i

Avevm¯’j¸‡jv wbw`©ó mg‡q †givgZ Kiv eve` †eZb

†_‡K wbw`©ó nv‡i UvKv KZ©b Kiv n‡jI †givgZ Kiv

n‡”Q bv|

KviLvbvq Kg©iZ Kg©xiv `xN©w`b Zv‡`i c`exi bvg

cwieZ©b Kivi K_v ej‡jI mswkó wefvM Zv‡Z

KY©cvZ Ki‡Qb bv| †hgb : Lvjvmx- Gi cwie‡Z©

†njcvi, wg¯¿xi cwie‡Z© †UKwbK¨vj mycvifvBRvi,

GmGg- Gi cwie‡Z© Gm.Gg †UKwbK¨vj| GQvov

KviLvbvq cÖ‡ek- Gi †¶‡Î e„wUk kvmbvg‡ji †mB

†Uv‡Kb e¨e¯’v GLbI we`¨gvb i‡q‡Q| G‡Z K‡i

¯^v¶iÁvb m¤úbœ Kg©xiv nxbgb¨Zvq †fv‡Mb| hv

Kv‡Ri MwZkxjZv‡K evavMÖ¯Í Ki‡Q|

- 19 -

we‡`wk `vZv I FY cÖ`vbKvix ms¯’vmg~‡ni f~wgKv

fviZxq †ij‡K jvfRbK cÖwZôvb wnmv‡e cÖwZwôZ

Ki‡Z `vZv‡Mvôxi civgk© Abyhvqx †ij LvZ †_‡K

XvjvI kªwgK QvuUvB Ki‡Z nqwb, A_ev wewb‡qvM

DwV‡q †bIqvi bv‡g `wi`ª RbM‡bi Ici AwZwi³

fvovi †evSvI Pvwc‡q w`‡Z nqwb| eis GB mvdj¨

AwR©Z n‡q‡Q cÖvq 15 jvL †ijkªwgK I Kg©Pvixi

wekvj Rbej envj †i‡LB| D‡jL¨, †¶Î we‡k‡l

kxZvZc wbqwš¿Z K¤úvU©‡g‡›Ui fvov evov‡bv n‡jI

wbgœ Av‡qi hvÎx‡`i KvQ ‡_‡K fviZxq †ijI‡q

GL‡bv me©wbgœ nv‡iB fvov Av`vq K‡i _v‡K|

Av_©mvgvwRK Dbœq‡b †ij‡hvMv‡hvM-e¨e¯’vi

Acwimxg ¸i“Z¡ Abyaveb Ki‡Z †c‡i †ij LvZ‡K

Ae‡njv Kivi g‡Zv g~L©Zv fviZ miKvi KL‡bvB

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civg‡k© wewb‡qv‡Mi Afv‡e cvU wk‡íi g‡Zv GKwU

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n‡q †M‡Q, Zv meviB Rvbv|

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ms¯’vmg~‡ni gv‡S GL‡bv AvMÖn Lye GKUv †`Lv hvq

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KviLvbv¸‡jvi AeKvVv‡gv wbg©vb Kv‡R †`qv nq|

KviLvbvi Af¨šÍ‡i AvaywbK †gwkb, hš¿vsk ev

cÖ‡qvRbxq Uzjm&- Gi Rb¨ †Kvb eivÏ cvIqv hvq

bv|

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`¶ Rbej nvwi‡q‡Q, k~b¨¯’vb c~i‡Y bZyb cÖRb¥‡K

AvK…ó Ki‡Z cv‡iwb|

Gme `vZv ms¯’v ivóªvqË cÖwZôvb¸‡jv‡Z ms¯‹v‡ii

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mgš^qnxbZv e…w×, Ae¨e¯’vcbv, cÖkvmwbK ‰bivR¨ m…wó

BZ¨vw` †Rvi`vi K‡i †Kv¤úvwb K‡c©v‡iU ev Ab¨

†Kv‡bv bv‡g weivóªxKi‡Yi c_ Db¥y³ K‡i ‡`q|

G K_v mevi Rvbv, `vZv‡`i civgk©µ‡gB eÜ n‡q‡Q

G‡Ki ci GK †ijjvBb| 1969-70 mv‡j †hLv‡b

†ijI‡q‡Z Rbej wQj cÖvq 56 nvRvi, eZ©gv‡b Zv

K‡g `vuwo‡q‡Q gvÎ 30 nvRv‡i| MZ cvuP eQ‡i eÜ

n‡q †M‡Q cÖvq †`ok †÷kb| Ab¨w`‡K eÜ n‡q †M‡Q

cÖvq †cŠ‡b 300 wK‡jvwgUvi `xN© †ijc_| Lv`¨ I

R¡vjvwb †Zj cwienb KiZ, Ggb cÖvq 52wU jvB‡bI

mv¤cÖÖwZK mg‡q †U«b PjvPj eÜ n‡q †M‡Q| PvjK

msKUI fqven AvKvi aviY K‡i‡Q| `vZv‡`i F‡Yi

UvKvq †÷kb wi-g‡Wwjs Kiv n‡”Q| †ijI‡qi

AjvfRbK Lv‡Z kZ kZ †KvwU UvKv e¨q Kiv n‡jI

†ijjvBb, weªR, BwÄb, †KvP, ewM I wmMb¨vwjs

e¨e¯’vi msKU‡K wRB‡q ivLv n‡q‡Q|

- 20 -

KviLvbv Ges m¤¢vebv

wPÎ 31: KviLvbv Af¨š—‡i hvÎxevnx Mvox †givg‡Zi Av‡Mi `„k¨ wPÎ 32: KviLvbv Af¨š—‡i hvÎxevnx Mvox †givg‡Zi c‡ii `„k¨

wPÎ 33: KviLvbv Af¨š—‡i hvÎxevnx Mvox †givg‡Zi Av‡Mi `„k¨

wPÎ 34: KviLvbv Af¨š—‡i hvÎxevnx Mvox †givg‡Zi c‡ii `„k¨

†jvKej m¼U I ev‡RU mxgve×Zv m‡Ë¡I †`‡ki e…nËg

‰mq`cyi †ijI‡q KviLvbvq kªwgKiv wbqwgZ †givgZ

Kv‡Ri evB‡i AwZwi³ kªg w`‡q 2012 mv‡ji Ryb

gv‡m kxZvZc wbqwš¿Z GKwU AZ¨vaywbK †ij‡KvP

wbg©vY K‡i| KviLvbvi K¨v‡iR †nwf win¨vwewj‡Ukb

k‡c (wmGBPAvi) wefv‡Mi kªwgKiv gvÎ 50 Kvh©w`e‡m

wgUvi‡MR jvB‡bi †KvP wbg©vY K‡ib| cieZx©‡Z

†KvPwU w`bvRcyi-XvKv c‡_ PjvPjKvix HwZn¨evnx

Avš—tbMi †U«b GKZv G·‡c«‡m ms‡hvRb Kiv|

cve©Zxcyi †jv‡Kv‡gvwUf KviLvbvq `xN© 11 eQi Av‡M

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wgUvi‡MR †mKk‡bi 2720 b¤^i BwÄbwU †givgZ K‡i

mPj Kiv nq| 2001 mv‡ji 7 †deª“qvwi XvKv-PÆMÖvg

†ijc‡_i †dbx †Rjvi ¸YeZx-kk©`x †ij †÷k‡bi

ga¨eZ©x GKwU weª‡Ri wdm‡cU `ye©„Ëiv Ly‡j †djvq †U«bwU

weª‡Ri wb‡P c‡o 2720 b¤^i BwÄbwU ¶wZMÖ¯— nq|

`yN©Ubvq Bwćbi Dc‡ii Ask QvovI 2wU WªvBfvi K¨ve,

BwÄb ûW, †gBb †Rbv‡iUi ûW I

AwaKvsk Kg‡cv‡b›U ¶wZMÖ¯— nq| BwÄbwUi †givg‡Zi

Rb¨ hš¿vsk µ‡q †UÛvi AvnŸvb Kiv n‡j Rvg©vwbi GKwU

cÖwZôvb 4 †KvwU UvKvi `icÎ Rgv †`q|

wKš‘ ev‡RU eiv‡Ïi mxgve×Zvq †mwU †givgZ bv K‡i

cwiZ¨³ †NvlYv Kiv nq| cieZ©x‡Z cve©Zxcyi †K›`ªxq

†jv‡Kv‡gvwUf KviLvbvi cÖ‡KŠkjxiv wb‡Ri †gav I

†hvM¨Zv w`‡q cwiZ¨³ †NvwlZ †ij BwÄbwU gvÎ †`o †KvwU

UvKv e¨‡q †givgZ K‡i cybivq mPj Ki‡Z m¶g nq|

- 21 -

AvšÍR©vwZK D`vniY

wPÎ 35: evsjv‡`k †ijI‡qi nvwW©Ä †ij‡mZz

wPÎ 36: cve©Zxcyi †ij KviLvbvi Kg©KZ©v-Kg©Pvix‡`i †gav I kª‡g

`~N©Ubvq ¶wZMÖ¯— 11 eQ‡ii cyivZb †jv‡Kv‡gvwUf cybivq mPj

fvi‡Zi cvÄve cÖ‡`‡ki Kveyi_vjv GjvKvq 1200

GKi RvqMvi Dci 1987 mv‡j †ijI‡q KviLvbv

cÖwZôv Kiv nq| cÖwZeQi KviLvbv †_‡K 1500

†KvP Drcv`b Kiv nq| mv¤úªwZK mg‡q

KviLvbvwU AvaywbKvqb Kivi D‡`¨vM MÖnY Kiv

n‡q‡Q| G j‡¶¨ Rvg©vbxi GjBmUg bvgK

†Kv¤úvbxi mv‡_ fviZ miKvi Pzw³e× n‡q‡Q |

Rvg©vb miKvi Zv‡`i AvaywbK hš¿vsk, †gwkb Ges

cÖhyw³ GB KviLvbvq e¨envi Ki‡e Ges DbœZ

gv‡bi †KvP Drcv`b Ki‡e| d‡j fvi‡Zi hvÎx

†mevi gvb e„wׇZ f~wgKv ivLvi cvkcvwk †KvP

msKU `~i Ki‡Z mnvqK f~wgKv ivL‡e| Drcvw`Z

†KvP N›Uvq 200 wKwg †e‡M Pj‡Z cv‡i| ïay

fviZ miKviB bq, B‡›`v‡bwkqvi miKviI Zv‡`i

†ij KviLvbvmg~n AvaywbKvq‡b bvbv D‡`¨vM MÖnY

Ki‡Q| evsjv‡`k †ijI‡q cÖwZeQi bZzb bZzb

K¨v‡iR, IqvMb I †jv‡Kv‡gvwUf msMÖn Kivi D‡`¨vM MÖnY Ki‡jI G¸‡jv i¶Yv‡e¶‡Yi ¸i“ `vwqZ¡ hvi Dci b¨¯—

†mB †ij KviLvbvmg~n AvaywbKvq‡b †Kvb D‡`¨vM MÖnY Kiv n‡”Q bv| 1870 mv‡j 110 GKi RvqMvi Dci ˆmq`cyi

†ij KviLvbv cÖwZwôZ n‡jI AvR Aewa Zv AvaywbKvqb nqwb| hvi djkÖ“wZ‡Z †ij hvÎxiv †hgb Zv‡`i Kvw¶Z

†mev †_‡K ewÂZ n‡”Q, †Zgwb †KvP msKUI w`b w`b e„w× cv‡”Q|

- 22 -

evsjv‡`k †ijI‡q gnvcwiKíbv Abyhvqx KviLvbvmg~n AvaywbKvqb Kiv

`ª“Z cÖ‡qvRbxq msL¨K Rbej wb‡qvM Kiv|

Drcv`b e„w×i j‡¶¨ ch©vß ev‡RU eivÏ, KuvPvgvj, AvaywbK hš¿cvwZ I †gwkbvixR mieivn wbwðZ Kiv|

gvjvgvj µ‡qi †¶‡Î mZ©KZv Aej¤^b Kiv|

IfviUvBg Pvjy K‡i Mvox †givg‡Zi cÖwµqv Pvjy Kiv|

Pvwn`v cÎ Abyhvqx cÖ‡qvRbxq hš¿vsk mieivn Kviv|

gRy` k~b¨ n‡q hvIqvi Av‡MB cÖ‡qvRbxq hš¿vsk Avg`vwb Kiv|

†ivwjs ÷K µ‡qi †¶‡Î wmwiR GK ivLv|

‡i‡ji wWwfkb wfwËK bZzb †ij KviLvbv cÖwZôv Kiv|

KviLvbvq ch©vß wbivcËv miÄvg wbwðZ Kiv Ges Kg©x‡`i e¨env‡i DrmvwnZ Kiv

KviLvbvi cv‡k Ae¨eüZ †i‡ji RvqMv¸‡jv myôy e¨e¯’vcbvq wb‡q Avmv|

wk¶vbexk KvwiMi wb‡qvM I Zv‡`i`¶ K‡i M‡o †Zvjv: KviLvbvi Drcv`bkxjZv a‡i ivL‡Z wk¶vbexk KvwiMi

wb‡qvM Kiv Ges wk¶vbexk wb‡qv‡M wKQyUv mZ©KZv Aej¤^b Kiv| †Kbbv KviLvbvi wKQy fvix †gwkbvwiR

GK¯’vb †_‡K Ab¨¯’v‡b †bqv ev hš¿vsk Lyj‡Z kvwiixK kw³i cÖ‡qvRb nq|

KviLvbvq c~Y© Ifvi UvBg Pvjy K‡i †jv‡Kv‡gvwUf, K¨v‡iR I IqvMb †givg‡Zi e¨e¯’v Kiv|

ˆmq`cyi †ij KviLvbvq bZzb hvÎxevnx Ò†KvP wbg©vY kcÓ Pvjy Kiv|

KviLvbvq eq¯‹ AwfÁ †h me Kg©KZ©v Av‡Qb, Zv‡`i ZË¡veav‡b bZzb Kg©x wb‡qvM w`‡q cÖwkw¶Z Kiv|

†i‡ji †jv‡Kv †kWMy‡jv AvaywbKvqb Kiv|

KwZcq mycvwik

wPÎ 37: ˆmq`cyi KviLvbvi Af¨š—‡ii `„k¨

- 23 -

Dcmsnvi

Z_¨cwÄ

Bangladesh Railway Central Locomotive workshop Bruciare Bangladesh Railway Saidpur, Nilphamari, workshop Bruciare Information Book 2012, 2013 Bangladesh Railway. Bangladesh Railway newslater. Bangladesh Railway workshop report. Dissucation meeting with Railway workshop officer, Labour and Labour uioin group. India, Pakistan and Indonesia's workshop Documentary videos.

ˆmq`cyi †ijI‡q KviLvbv AvaywbKxKi‡Y 122

†KvwU 22 jvL UvKvi cÖKí Aby‡gv`b Kiv nq|

2011 mvj †_‡K AvaywbKvq‡bi KvR ïi“i ciI

KiLvbvwU‡Z gÄywiK…Z Rbej, AvaywbK †gwkb Ges

hš¿vs‡ki Afve i‡q‡Q| Aci w`‡K cvnvoZjx †ij

KviLvbv hy‡Mi Pvwn`v I ev¯—eZvi wbwi‡L

KviLvbvwUi Drcv`b e„w×i j‡¶¨ 2007 mv‡j

Rvcvb e¨vsK di B›Uvib¨vkbvj †Kv-Acv‡ikb

(†RweAvBwm) Ges evsjv‡`k miKvi- Gi A_©vq‡b

146 †KvwU UvKv e¨‡q GKwU cybev©mb cÖKí 6 eQi

Av‡M nv‡Z wb‡jI GLbI KvRB ïi“ nqwb| GB

KviLvbvi me ai‡bi hš¿vsk cÖvq 60 eQ‡ii cyiv‡bv

weavq G¸‡jv A‡bK Av‡MB Drcv`b ¶gZv

nvwi‡q‡Q|

cve©Zxcyi †ij KviLvbv †ijI‡qi †jv‡KvgwUf

(BwÄb) ˆZwii j¶‡K mvg‡b †i‡L cve©Zxcy‡i

Ò†K›`ªxq †jv‡KvgwUf KviLvbvÓ cÖwZôv Kiv n‡j

†jv‡Kv ˆZwii †Kvb D‡`¨vM †KD MÖnY K‡iwb|

w`‡bi ci w`b Ae¨eüZ c‡i _vKvi Kvi‡Y nvRvi

nvRvi †KvwU UvKvi †gwkb AvR aŸs‡mi gy‡L cwZZ|

A_P ch©vß ev‡RU, cÖ‡qvRbxq Rbej, KuvPvgvj I

AvaywbK hš¿cvwZ mieivn Kiv n‡j ‰mq`cyi I

cve©Zxcyi KviLvbvq cÖwZeQi wecyj msL¨K †KvP I

IqvMb †givg‡Zi cvkcvwk we‡`‡k idZvbx Kivi

g‡Zv †KvP ˆZix Kiv m¤¢e n‡Zv|

eZ©gv‡b †ijc‡_i m¤cÖmviY Ges †ivwjs ÷K e„w×

Ges bZzb bZzb †ijMvwo Pvjy n‡Z hv‡”Q| hvÎx I

gvjevnx †KvP- Gi PjvPj‡K ¯^vfvweK ivL‡Z n‡j

†jv‡KvgwUf i¶Yv‡e¶Y, †givgZ I wbg©vY Ki‡Z

†ijI‡q KviLvbv¸‡jv‡K cy‡ivcywi AvaywbKvq‡bi

weKí †bB| †i‡ji `xN©¯’vqx Dbœq‡bi Rb¨ †ijI‡q

KviLvbv¸‡jv‡K †X‡j mvRv‡Z n‡e| Avg`vwb Ki‡Z

n‡e AvaywbK gvbm¤úbœ hš¿vsk Ges †gwkb, Avi †mB

m‡½ wb‡qvM w`‡Z n‡e kªwgK-Kg©Pvix‡`i| G‡Z K‡i

MYgvby‡li GB cwienb e¨e¯’vwU‡Z cybivq cÖv‡Yi

mÂvi NUv‡bv m¤¢e n‡e|

- 24 -

mviYx 8. ˆmq`cyi †ij KviLvbvi 2001 mvj n‡Z 2011 mvj ch©šÍ eQi wfwËK hvÎxevnx Mvox †givgZ ev AvDUUvY©

m¤úwK©Z cwimsL¨vb

A_© eQi gÄyixK…Z †jvKej Kg©iZ †jvKej k~b¨ †jvKej †gvU †KvP †gvU Kg© w`em

2000-01 670 539 131 301 287

2001-02 670 516 154 310 265

2002-03 670 499 171 278 287

2003-04 662 489 173 293 287

2004-05 662 547 115 254 288

2005-06 662 529 133 292 286

2006-07 640 513 127 320 286

2007-08 640 495 145 247 288

2008-09 640 477 163 200 285

2009-10 640 428 212 187 286

2010-11 640 383 257 206 288

2011-12 640 343 297 147 238

eqm †gwk‡bi msL¨v kZKiv

50 eQ‡ii D‡×© 401 wU 54.19%

20-50 eQ‡ii g‡a¨ 265 wU 35.81%

20 eQ‡ii wb‡P 74 wU 10.00%

KviLvbvi cv›Um

GÛ †gwkbvixR

msL¨v 740 wU

mviYx 9. ˆmq`cyi †ij KviLvbvi cv›Um GÛ †gwkbvixR

c`ex gÄyixK…Z c` msL¨v Kg©iZ Av‡Qb k~b¨c` NvUwZ (kZKiv)

Kg©Pvix 3,418 1550 1,868 55%

wØZxq †kªYxi Kg©KZ©v 143 63 80 56%

cÖ_g †kªYxi Kg©KZ©v 13 8 5 38%

mviYx 10. ˆmq`cyi KviLvbvq gÄyixK…Z Rbe‡ji msL¨v, Kg©iZ Rbej Ges k~b¨c‡`i msL¨v

cwiwkó

wPÎ 38: ˆmq`cyi KviLvbvi †gwkb mc

- 25 -

mviYx 11. cvnvoZjx K¨v‡iR I IqvMb KviLvbvi 1997-98 mvj n‡Z 2011-12 mvj ch©šÍ eQi wfwËK Mvox

†givgZ ev AvDUUvY© m¤úwK©Z cwimsL¨vb

A_© eQi †gvU †KvP AvDUUvY© cÖK…Z e¨q

KviLvbvi †jvKej

gÄyixK…Z Kg©iZ

1997-98 1777 1744 360 421.60

1998-99 1777 1667 314 360.80

1999-00 1777 1586 314 309.53

2000-01 1777 1566 276 391.60

2001-02 1777 1517 282 322.21

2002-03 1777 1466 236 466.41

2003-04 1777 1421 236 507.75

2004-05 1777 1426 233 686.58

2005-06 1777 1431 269 783.43

2006-07 1776 1331 285 954.92

2007-08 1776 1213 325 1291.81

2008-09 1776 1091 277 1403.82

2009-10 1776 1024 281 1558.19

2010-11 1776 942 307 1006.78

2011-12 1776 1121 301 806.98

eqm †gwk‡bi msL¨v kZKiv

100 eQ‡ii D‡×© 1 wU 0.23

50 eQ‡ii D‡×© 40 9.28

40-49 eQ‡ii g‡a¨ 224 wU 52

30-39 eQ‡ii g‡a¨ 40 9.28

20-29 eQ‡ii g‡a¨ 109 25.29

20 eQ‡ii wb‡P 17 wU 4

KviLvbvi cv›Um

GÛ †gwkbvixR

msL¨v 431 wU

mviYx 12. cvnvoZjx K¨v‡iR I IqvMb KviLvbvi cv›Um GÛ †gwkbvixR

wPÎ 39: cvnvoZjx KviLvbvq K¨v‡iR †givgZ `„k¨ wPÎ 40: cvnvoZjx KviLvbvi K¨v‡iR mc

wPÎ 41: †K›`ªxq †jv‡Kv‡gvwUf KviLvbv cve©Zxcyi

wPÎ 42: cve©Zxcyi wW‡Rj †jv‡Kv‡gvwUf KviLvbv

- 26 -

c`ex gÄyixK…Z c` msL¨v Kg©iZ Av‡Qb k~b¨c` NvUwZ (kZKiv)

Kg©KZ©v 20 12 8 40%

wØZxq †kªYxi Kg©Pvix 57 41 16 28%

Z…Zxq †kªYxi Kg©Pvix 404 208 196 48%

PZz_© †kªYxi Kg©Pvix 70 53 17 24%

mviYx 14. wW‡Rj †jv‡Kv‡gvwUf KviLvbvi gÄyixK…Z Rbej, Kg©iZ Rbej Ges k~b¨c‡`i msL¨v

wRIGBP †givgZ

hvwÎ I gvjevnx

Mvwo

1 eQi 1.5 eQi 4 eQi 6 eQi 12 eQi

- 2 eQi - 6 eQi 12 eQi

- 2 eQi - 4 eQi 12 eQi

cÖ‡hvR¨ b‡n 3.5 eQi -

c¨v‡mÄvi †KvwPs

†fwnK¨vj

(†mjybmn)

Ab¨vb¨ †KvwPs

†fwnK¨vj

(jv‡MR f¨vb,

†óvi f¨vb)

wiwjd †Uªb ÷K

mKj gvjevnx Mvwo

Gj B wc I GBP

Avš—: bMi †gBj-G·‡cÖm Avš—: bMi †gBj-G·‡cÖm

mviYx 13. cvnvoZjx †ij KviLvbvq Mvwoi wmwWDj †givgZ I mgqKvj

c`ex gÄyixK…Z c` msL¨v Kg©iZ Av‡Qb k~b¨c` NvUwZ (kZKiv)

Kg©KZ©v 9 6 3 33.33%

mycvifvBRvi 75 43 32 42.67%

wg¯¿x 60 43 17 28.33%

`¶ 954 646 308 32.29%

A`¶ 344 40 304 88.37%

Ab¨vb¨ 115 47 68 59.13%

mviYx 15. cve©Zxcyi †K›`ªxq †jv‡Kv‡gvwUf KviLvbvi gÄyixK…Z Rbej, Kg©iZ Rbej Ges k~b¨c‡`i msL¨v

- 27 -

1922 mv‡j ¯‹Uj¨vÛ- G cÖ¯—ZK……Z Kv‡Vi ˆZwi †mjyb

1922 mv‡j ¯‹Uj¨vÛ- G cÖ¯‘ZK…Z

÷xj AvÛvi‡d«‡gi Dci Kv‡Vi ˆZwi

G †mjybwU `xN©w`b hver †`k I

we‡`‡ki ¯^bvgab¨ I e‡iY¨ e¨w³Z¡

we‡kl we‡kl mgq cwi`k©bKv‡j

e¨envi K‡ib| hZ`~i Rvbv hvq,

Bsj¨v‡Ûi ivbx GwjRv‡e_mn

Z`vwbš—b fviZ Dcgnv‡`‡ki ivóª

cÖavbMY G †mjy‡b ågb K‡i‡Qb|

cieZx©Kv‡j evsjv‡`k †ijI‡qi

†Pqvig¨vb/†Rbv‡ij g¨v‡bRvi

g‡nv`qM‡Yi †mjyb wn‡m‡e GwU

wPwýZ wQj| `xN©w`b PjvP‡ji ci

1992 mv‡j (PjvP‡ji mgm¨v †`Lv

†`qvq) †mjybwU KviLvbvq Avmvi

ci mv‡f© K‡i †`Lv hvq †h, AwaK

eqm nIqvq PjvP‡ji Abyc‡hvMx

n‡q †M‡Q| GgZve¯’vq †mjybwU

Z`vwbš—b †ijI‡qi HwZn¨ I

Kv‡ji mv¶x wn‡m‡e AÎ KviLvbvq

msi¶Y Kiv nq| †ijI‡qi AZxZ

BwZnvm †h †MŠiegq wQj ZviB

mv¶¨ GB †mjybwU|

wPÎ 43 : 1922 mv‡j ¯‹Uj¨vÛ- G cÖ¯—ZK……Z ÷xj AvÛvi‡d«‡gi Dci Kv‡Vi ˆZwi †mjyb

wPÎ 44 : 1922 mv‡j ¯‹Uj¨vÛ- G cÖ¯—ZK…Z ÷xj AvÛvi‡d«‡gi

Dci Kv‡Vi ˆZwi †mjy‡b KviLvbv cwi`k©K `j

wPÎ 45 : 1922 mv‡j ¯‹Uj¨vÛ- G cÖ¯—ZK……Z ÷xj AvÛvi‡d«‡gi

Dci Kv‡Vi ˆZwi †mjy‡bi wfZ‡ii `„k¨

ivóªxq Kv‡R e¨eüZ †Uª‡bi Qwe

- 28 -

- 29 -

evsjv‡`k †ijI‡qi cwi`k©b Mvox

- 30 -

‰mq`cyi †ijI‡q KviLvbvi Qwe

- 31 -

‰mq`cyi †ijI‡q KviLvbvi †gqv`DËxY© †gwkbvix‡Ri Qwe

cvnvoZjx †ijI‡q KviLvbvi Qwe

- 32 -

- 33 -

cvnvoZjx †ijI‡q KviLvbvi †gqv`DËxY© †gwkbvix‡Ri Qwe

- 34 -

cve©Zxcyi †ijI‡q KviLvbvi Qwe

IqvK© di G †eUvi evsjv‡`k Uªv÷

14/3/G Rvdivev`, iv‡qi evRvi, XvKv-1207