evolution of pottery part 2
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Evolution of Pottery Part 2. The Iron Age About 900 BC to 1300 BC *bronze had previously been used to make tools *development of higher temperature smelting techniques resulted in tools and weapons made of iron and steel. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Evolution of Pottery Part 2
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The Iron AgeAbout 900 BC to 1300 BC
*bronze had previously been used to make tools
*development of higher temperature smelting techniques resulted in tools and
weapons made of iron and steel.
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*steel was too difficult to produce
*wrought iron is easy to use*less expensive
*easily sharpened
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Olmec Culture Middle America
1200 BC- 500 BC
*eastern gulf coast of Mexico*one of the earliest civilizations
in pre-Columbian Central America
(Pre-columbian means the time in the Americas before European influence, generally before
1500AD)
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Olmecs made *stone sculptures
*clay figurines depicting were-jaguars (half human, half jaguar)
*baby figures (believed to be earthly forms of gods)
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Olmec were-jaguar
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Chavin CultureSouth America 1100 BC-400 BC
*made a whistle jar (whistled when the contents of the jar was
poured out)
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*also made a stirrup vessel. (all pots used in funeral ceremonies and
buried with the dead)
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Middle East: Azerbaijan900 BC-500 BC
Earliest Lead Glaze
*extended color range in glaze was achieved when lead was
introduced into glaze formulas
*Black, red, green, purple, yellow and white
*Lead is toxic*should not be used on pottery
because it can leach into food and beverages
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Classic Greek Pottery1000 BC-300 BC
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*Ancient Greeks used black slip *they painted heroic and mythical figures
on a red clay background
*they controlled the amount of _________ in the kiln
(answer next slide)
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Answer: oxygen
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*negative shapes were painted with black slip
*figures (positive shapes) remained the color of the clay
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Italy 700 BC- 400 BC
*they made brilliant colored life-sized figures *decorated their temples and sarcophagi
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Middle EastTin+Lead Glazes
600 BC
*potters painted a tin+lead white glaze background on red tiles then painted decorations
*walls and buildings were decorated with beautiful tiles
*later, they drew raised lines with slip, which kept the glaze colors from running into each other
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Africa Terra Cotta Sculpture
300 BC- 1400 AD*Africans developed great skill with clay
*they made full-sized human figures
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Xi-an, China Terra Cotta Army
*for Emperor Qin’s imperial tomb*246-210BC
*made by 700,000 Chinese workers in factory *8000 clay soldiers (all different)
*130 chariots, 670 horses*discovered underground in 1974
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China, Han Dynasty206 BC- 221 AD
*Mingqui (tomb pottery) was produced
*models of family, servants, buildings, farm animals*made to accompany the deceased to the spirit
world.
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Han Dynasty “Fowling Tower”
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Korea57 BC- 935 AD
*ash-glazed stoneware *lead-glazed earthenware
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South America100- 700 AD
Mochica potters made ceremonial pots
*recorded historical and mythological events
*narrated their life and customs
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China 200 AD
*discovery of leadless glaze *required high temperature firing.
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The Roman Empire200 BC- 476 AD
*mass production, large kilns*bricks, roof tiles, ceramic floor tiles, decorative
ornaments
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Next:
the The Dark Ages
in Western Europe
Evolution III