evolution how gene pool change occurs. what exactly is a species? species: group of similar...
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Evolution
How Gene Pool Change
Occurs
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What exactly is a SPECIES?
•Species: Group of similar organisms that can breed and produce fertile offspring
•Example: Labrador and Pitt Bull
•Non-example: Horse and Donkey
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The formation of a new species from a preexisting population is called: SPECIATION.
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Changes in the gene pool can cause the population to evolve
Changes in the gene pool may be a result of many different causes
Causes of Change
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Standard 8d• Students know reproductive or geographic isolation affects speciation.
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Causes of Change1.Mutations in the genes (DNA) of
individuals causing new adaptations.
Are mutations always bad?
2.Reproductive Isolation: individuals unable to breed together: behavior or physical characteristics
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Types of Reproductive Isolation
1. Geographic Isolation-population is split by some physical barrier: river, mountain, oceani.e. Albert & Kaibab squirrels of the Grand Canyon
2. Behavioral Isolation- two populations are capable of interbreeding but have different mating rituals or routines. i.e. eastern & western meadowlarks
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3. Temporal Isolation- two or more species reproduce at different times.i.e. three types of rain forest orchids
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Standard 8c•Students know the effects of genetic drift on the diversity of organisms in a population.
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Sometimes the gene pool just changes……Genetic Drift is cause of evolution by random chance
No Natural Selection
Happens in small populations
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2 types of Genetic Drift
1. Bottleneck Effect- a high percentage of a population is killed by a random act
reducing variation in the gene pool.2. Founder Effect- change in
allele frequencies as a result of the migration of a small
subgroup of a population
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