KAHOOT! WARM-UP1. On your phones, go to www.kahoot.it2. Wait for me to show you the game pin

3. Enter an (appropriate) name or nickname

Recap main ideas of natural selection:1. Evolution is change in species over time.2. Overproduction of offspring leads to

competition for resources.3. Heritable variations exist within a

population and can result in differential reproductive success.

4. Changes in the genetic composition of the population can eventually occur.

Remember:Individuals do NOT evolve! Populations evolve.

1. Direct Observations

Insect populations become resistant to pesticides (DDT)

Antibiotic-resistant bacteria (MRSA) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=znnp-Ivj2ek

Peppered moth

2. Fossil RecordFossils = remains or traces of organisms

from pastFound in sedimentary rockLayersPaleontology: study of fossils

Discuss:Why might a fossil record be helpful for scientists to look at when working on evolution?

Prokaryotes (oldest fossils) eukaryotes (fish – amphibians – reptiles – birds – mammals)

Transitional forms = links to modern species

3. Homology

Homology: characteristics in related species can have underlying similarity even though their functions may differ

Homologous Structures

Embryonic Development

Vestigial Structures

Molecular Homologies

Compare DNA and amino acid sequences

Evolutionary Tree

www.visuwords.com FossilHomology

Convergent EvolutionDistantly related species can resemble one

anotherSimilar problem, similar solutions!Analogous structures: similar structures,

function in similar environmentsEg. Torpedo shape of shark, penguin, &

dolphin

4. Biogeography

Biogeography = the geographic distribution of a species

Species in nearby geographic areas resemble each other

Continental Drift

Pangaea

https://www.classzone.com/books/earth_science/terc/content/visualizations/es0806/es0806page01.cfm?chapter_no=visualization

Island Biogeography

GalapagosTortoises

The Most Astounding Fact

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9D05ej8u-gU

1.Find a partner2.Pick an environment from this list:

Desert ArcticOcean Temperate

Deciduous ForestRainforest Deep Sea/Ocean

FloorMountain SavannahVolcano Freshwater

2. On paper, design an organism that is best suited for the environment that you picked. MUST USE REALISTIC ADAPTATIONS.

Ultimate Organism Design

Common Ancestor Design1.Design an ancestor

organism that your Ultimate Organism could have evolved from.

2.Assume that the environment

was different during the time that the ancestor lived.