Mrs. Sample

CAUSES LEADING TO WAR:NationalismImperialismAlliances

World War II was a direct result of the first World War and would become the most devastating war of all time.

Adolf Hitler becomes dictator of Germany in 1933. He began to rebuild military and brought Germany out of depression from WWI.

                   

     

NAZISMPolitical group led by Adolf HitlerBelieved in superior German race.

FASCISMPolitical party founded by Benito MussoliniBelieved in government having absolute

power over all parts of one’s life

Major leaders of World War II

Axis PowersGermany-Adolf

Hitler Italy-Benito

Mussolini Japan-Emperor

Hirohito

Allied PowersGreat Britain- Winston ChurchillUnited States- Franklin Roosevelt and

Harry TrumanSoviet Union-Josef Stalin

VS.

Just like WWI, two sides formed in World War 2.

Axis Powers- Germany, Italy and Japan

Allies- Great Britain, Soviet Union (Russia and other smaller countries) France, Australia, New Zealand and the United States

Others were involved and many countries decided to remain neutral just like WW1.

Germany invades Poland in September 1939.

Great Britain, France, Australia and New Zealand declare war on Germany to help protect Poland.

Germany invaded Poland in1939

Nazi Germany Invaded Denmark and Norway in 1940

One month later, Germany invadesFrance, Belgium, Luxembourg and Netherlands

By 1942, Germany and the Axis Powerswould dominate most of Europe and have the Allies at a great disadvantage.

Holocaust The execution of 6 million Jews by

German Nazis during WWII.The Nazis did not want to just exterminate

the Jewish race, but also humiliate the people and their culture.

Concentration camps, ghettoes, and extermination camps would be built all over Nazi-occupied Europe.

HolocaustThe Nazis would transport Jewish people

and political prisoners all over Europe In cattle cars were they would be packed inside without food or water to await starvation and death.

HolocaustThe Nazis established several

extermination camps throughout Europe.The largest camps were at Treblinka,

Majdanek, Chelmno, Sobibor, Belzec and Auschwitz.

More than one million people died in Auschwitz making it the most deadly of all of the camps.

Map of Extermination Camps

“Arbeit Macht Frei”- translates to “Work will set you free”-Seenon the entrance to Auschwitz Death camp were Nazi prisoners worked themselves to death during the Holocaust.

Inside the gas Chamber of Auschwitz Extermination Camp

United States enters the WarWhy did the US enter?On December 7th, 1941, Japan bombed

the Pearl Harbor U.S. Naval Base and a war in the Pacific Ocean began between Allies and Axis Powers of the Second

World War. This attack would bring the United States into the conflict as President Roosevelt declared war on Japan.

Overview of Pearl Harbor

Explosion from Japanese attack

StalingradGermany invaded Russia (Soviet

Union) at city of StalingradLasted from August 21,1942-

February 2,1943Soviet Military was able to push

Germany out of the Soviet UnionWas turning point in war against

Germany

In western Europe, a secret invasion was planned to liberate France and Belgium. This invasion was known as D-Day and was led by General Dwight D. Eisenhower. Once France and Belgium were free, the Allies invaded Germany.

One May 8th, 1945, Germany surrendered as a result of the D-Day invasion, but fighting continued in the Pacific.

President Harry Truman became president following the death of President Franklin D. Roosevelt.

One of his first decisions = should U.S. use atomic weapons

On August 6th, 1945, the US dropped a bomb on Hiroshima, Japan.

On August 9th, 1945, the US dropped a second bomb on Nagasaki, Japan.

A nuclear weapon of the "Little Boy" type, the uranium gun-type detonated over Hiroshima. It is 28 inches in diameter and 120 inches long. "Little Boy" weighed about 9,000 pounds and had a yield approximating 15,000 tons of high explosives. (Copy from U.S. National Archives, RG 77-AEC)

A nuclear weapon of the "Fat Man" type, the plutonium implosion type detonated over Nagasaki. 60 inches in diameter and 128 inches long, the weapon weighed about 10,000 pounds and had a yield approximating 21,000 tons of high explosives (Copy from U.S. National Archives, RG 77-AEC)

The mushroom cloud billowing up 20,000 feet over Hiroshima on themorning of August 6, 1945(Photo from U.S. National Archives, RG 77-AEC)

Following the use of atomic weapons in August of 1945, Japan surrendered and the War in the Pacific was over.

The bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki ended World War II.

Effects of World War II

Thirty to forty-five million people lost their lives. Germany (and its capital, Berlin) was divided and

made into two countries. East Germany was communist. West Germany became a democracy.

The U.S. and the Soviet Union become the main two world powers and competition between the countries would lead to the COLD WAR.

The United Nations was formed.

West Berliners watching over the wall at those in Communist East Berlin.

West Berliners help East Berliners escape over the Berlin Wall

East Berliners smash down the Berlin Wall

East Berliners run through the Berlin Wall

Germany is reunited!!!!!