evaporave-crystallizers an alterna(ve to shale produced ...€¦ · custom chemistry, high brine...

Evapora(ve-CrystallizersAnAlterna(vetoShaleProducedWaterDisposal

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Copyright©2017SaltworksTechnologiesInc.Confiden>alInforma>on

Agenda

1.  Mappingthefit

2.  Evaporator–CrystallizerBackground3.  RecentInnova>ons4.  trueZLDShaleProducedWaterPilotResults

5.  Economics

6.  Innova>onsinMembranes

Copyright©2017SaltworksTechnologiesInc.

TechnologyMap

TraditionalEvaporators

TraditionalCrystallizers

Salinity(mass%)

OpE

x(Ene

rgy+Ch

emicals+

Labo

r)

CapE

x

8% 22%~10lbbrine

ModernEvaporators&Crystallizers

SaturationLine(SludgeGeneration)

45%11-12lbbrine

80%à Solids18%

MembraneSystems

Copyright©2017SaltworksTechnologiesInc.CONFIDENTIAL

Thinkabout…

•  Scalingandpre-treatment($$$)

•  Rejectdisposal•  Energysource(thermalorelectric)

•  Portability•  PermiYng

•  LifeCycleCost


Tradi(onalEvaporators

Ø ChemicalsoZening

Ø MVR(power)vs.MED(thermal)

Ø Closed(makewater)vsOpen(vaportoatmosphere)


RecentInnova(ons•  Horizontaltubes->improvescleaning&visualimpact

•  TwoeffectMVR->improvesenergyefficient

•  Lowercapitalcosts•  Humidifica>onde-humidifica>on

•  Extremeconcentra>ons

•  Nopre-treatment

•  Saveenergy


SaltMakerEvaporatorCrystallizer

SaltMakerS100(26,000GPD)

RawProducedWater(leU)RecoveredFreshwater(right)

Solids(orconcentratedbrine)

CONFIDENTIAL Copyright©2017SaltworksTechnologiesInc.

ProcessØ  Harnesseslowgradeheatat100-194°FforelectricalenergysavingsØ  Energyrequirements(@20%overcapacity):electrical20kWh_e/m3&thermal

860MJ/m3@194°F

Saltwaterfeed

Freshwater

Midtemploop

(140°F)

Air

Heat(194°F)

Heatrejectionairin

Effect1

Saltwaterhightemploop(176°F)

Effect2

Air

Effect3

Air

Lowtemploop

(122°F)

Heatrejectionairout

SolidsSolidsblowdown

Effect4Highconc.blowdown

Heatrejectionandsolidsproduction

loop(95°F)

Medconc.blowdown

Lowconc.blowdown


Evapora(onModule FanModule RadiatorModule

Modular&MassProduced


PilotProjects(ShaleGasProducedWater)

WestTexas,USA NEBri(shColumbia,Canada


Pilot–WestTexas(MembraneBrine)Parameter Membrane

SystemBrineFreshwater

pH 8.9 3.93

TotalDissolvedSolids 63,000 50

TotalHardness(asCaCO3)

724 3

TotalOrganicCarbon 11.1 2.3

Calcium 143 0.97

Chloride 37,700 13.2

Sulfate <50 0.6

Solids Rawwater&freshwaterCopyright©2017SaltworksTechnologiesInc.CONFIDENTIAL

Pilot–NEBC(ProducedWater)Parameter ProducedWater FreshwaterpH 5.62 3.46

TotalDissolvedSolids 193,000 203

TotalHardness(asCaCO3)

37,300 5

TotalOrganicCarbon 4,970 1,180

Calcium 13,100 1.64

Chloride 120,000 16.4

Sulfate 71 0.7

Solids Rawwater&freshwaterCopyright©2017SaltworksTechnologiesInc.CONFIDENTIAL

IndustrialXYZ

SAGDEvaporatorBlowdown

ShaleGasProducedWater

Parameter(mg/L)

RawBlowdown FreshwaterRecovered

TDS 90,000–300,000 55.6TOC 15,000–50,000 133

Parameter(mg/L)

RawProducedWater

FreshwaterRecovered

TDS 169,540 400TOC 374 31.9

Parameter(mg/L)

RawLeachate RORejectMBR

EffluentFreshwaterRecovered

TDS 35,000 63,000 19,000 135TOC 8,500 5,200 1,400 40


Hyperconcentrateyourproducedwater(450,000mg/L++)trueZLD

LandfillLeachate

IndustrialXYZ Oilsandsevaporatorblowdown

ShalegasproducedwaterCONFIDENTIAL Copyright©2017SaltworksTechnologiesInc.

Ifonecanmakesolids…Onecansqueezetoanybrineconcentra(on

Minimizedisposalvolume

Dialinvolume/density/slurrybalance


EconomicsofSqueezing


Scenarios

180,000mg/LTDS100BPD Evaporator

RejectBrine

FreshWaterEvapCost:$6/BBL

Truck+disposal:$12/BBL

220,000TDS(mg/L)

82BPD

A

TotalCost($/B) $10.9/BBL10%saved

450,000

40BPD

30BPD

600,000(slurry)

$8.4/BBL30%

$7.8/BBL35%

B C

MinimizingCosts&WheretoFocus

3rdPartySite:realestate,zoning,permits $0-4/BBLCapitalEquipment $2.5-$6/BBLEnergy&Chemicals $0.5-$2/BBLOpera>ons $0.5-$2/BBLTotal $4-14/BBL


-  O&Goperator’ssite-  Maximizebrineconcentra>on

-  Minimizechemicals,sludgeandoperatorneeds

-  Balanceenergywithtreatedwaterneeds

FreeStudy:[email protected]


TechnologyMap

TraditionalEvaporators

TraditionalCrystallizers

Salinity(mass%)

OpE

x(Ene

rgy+Ch

emicals+

Labo

r)

CapE

x

8% 22%~10lbbrine

ModernEvaporators&Crystallizers

SaturationLine(SludgeGeneration)

45%11-12lbbrine

80%à Solids18%

MembraneSystems

Air Breather


MappingtheFit


“Zone” TDS(mg/L) Flow(BPD) Process

LowTDSAnyFlow

<80,000 Any 1. Membranes2.  Evaporators3.   SaltMaker

MidTDSHighFlow

80,000–120/150,000

>2,400 2.  Evaporator3.   SaltMaker

AnyTDSLowFlow

Any <2,400 3.SaltMaker

HighTDSAnyFlow

>150,000 Any 3.SaltMaker

AnyTDSMinimalFlow

Any 20–200 4.AirBreather

EconomicTrade-OffSummary•  EconomicsofScale:

–  Distributedunits:smallerisbeser?–  Centrallylocated:higherflowsforlowercosts?

•  Vendors’contribu>on:– Maximizebrineconcentra>on– MinimizeOpEx(chemicals,energy,labour)

•  Partnershipview:–  Siteloca>ngandpermiYng–  Minimizecapitalcost&costofcapital(Terms&Condi(ons)

•  Energyopportunity/riskcosts


AdvancedElectrodialysis(EDR2.0)

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ElectroChem:EDR2.0Ø Lowfoulingpoten>alØ ElectrochemicalBrineConcentrator:upto200,000mg/LØ Economicinlet:<40,000mg/L(butcanreach80,000mg/L)


Prod

uct

Concentrate

Electrolyte

Electrolyte

Cathod

e

Anod

e

Prod

uct

Concentrate

- ++-

++

CEM

AEM

IonFluxIonExchangeMembranesØ Bleach+hydrocarbontolerantØ  Ionselec>vecoa>ngs–customizechemistry

Ø Robust,duc>le,broadpHandchemicaltolerance


Selec(veSepara(ons/RecoveriesØ SeparateBa,Ca,SO4,etcØ RefineNaCl

Customizechemistry–Talktous!


SO42-Ba2+

Ca2+

Na+NO3

-Cl-Li+

CustomChemistry,HighBrineConcentra(on


Parameter(mg/L)

RAWFGDWastewater

ROBlowdowntoCaCl2BrineorOther

CaCl2Brine

Na2SO4Brine

ROPermeate

USAEPAEffluentLimitGuidelines China

DischargeRegula(ons

Discharge(MonthlyAverage)

Discharge(DailyMax)

TotalDissolvedSolids 19,300 28,900 220,700 209,700 120 - - -Arsenic 0.45 4.22 3.06 0.85 <0.0001 0.008 0.011 0.5Bicarbonate(asCaCO3) 120 <1 <1 <1 <1 - - -Boron 175 16400 1190 1240 77.0 - - -Cadmium 0.11 0.02 0.02 <0.01 0.00010 - - 0.1Calcium 3290 310 73230 768 6.0 - - -Chloride 11050 4150 140300 93100 23.2 - - -Chromium 0.05 0.010 0.01 <0.01 <0.0001 - - 1.5Fluoride 9.0 3.4 7.8 0.34 <0.05 - - -Lead <0.0002 <0.0002 <0.0002 <0.0002 <0.0002 1.0Magnesium 1850 173 1580 17.4 2.20 - - -Mercury 0.10 0.02 0.02 0.0002 <0.00001 0.000356 0.000788 0.05Nitrate(asN) 61.0 1145 940 115 0.3 - - -Phosphorus 26.8 402 7.77 375 0.07 - - -Potassium 22.0 412 375 4.14 0.1 - - -Selenium 0.28 5.25 0.10 4.90 <0.0005 0.012 0.023 0.01Silica(Reac>ve) 40 150 <1 <1 <1 - - -Sodium 663 3500 2400 77400 9.3 - - -Stron>um 15.0 56 266 2.82 0.0306 - - -Sulfate 1945 2190 352 36620 3.1 - - 2000Zinc 1.52 0.28 0.26 <0.01 <0.0001 - - 2.0

FreeStudy:[email protected]


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Ø Recyclepolymer,makemoreoil,savemoney

TreatEORChemicalFloodProducedWater

Operatingprinciple

+-

-

+

+

+

+-

--

+-

Reject

DesalinatedProducedWaterwithPolymer

Anionexchangemembrane

Cationexchangemembrane

Reject

Concentrate Feed Concentrate

+-

Cations(e.g.,Ca2+,Na+)

Anions(e.g.,SO42-,Cl-)

Polymer


IncreaseViscosity


Evapora(ngtoAtmosphere


PROS CONSNotreatedwatermanagement

Water“lost”locally

Simplerplant Higherenergyconsump>on

5effect 1effect

Costofenergy($/MMBTU)$2 $0.2/B $0.8/B

$5 $0.4/B $2.0/B

evaporave-crystallizers an alterna(ve to shale produced ...€¦ · custom chemistry, high brine...

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