evaluation of spate water distribution and application structures dr. m. munir ahmad engr. zafar...
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EVALUATION OF SPATE WATER DISTRIBUTION AND APPLICATION
STRUCTURES
Dr. M. Munir Ahmad
Engr. Zafar Islam
Engr. Fazal Minallah
Water Management of Spate Irrigation Systems
PARC, D. I. Khan
INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTION
Earthen Structure ; • Not Dependable • Labour intensive and Time Consuming• Need repair after each spate
OBJECTIVES Develop and adapt water Management technologies for distribution/diversion and application of spate water
PROCESS FOR SELECTION OF PROCESS FOR SELECTION OF SITES AND EXECUTIONSITES AND EXECUTION
• Reconnaissance SurveysReconnaissance Surveys
• Local community approachLocal community approach
• Visit field with the communityVisit field with the community
• Discusiion for Water rightsDiscusiion for Water rights
• Planning for survey Planning for survey
CONTINUED……..
• PEAK AND AVERAGE FLOW ESTIMATION• DESIGN Preparation
• Implementation Schedule
• ESTIMATION OF THE MATERIAL & Cost
• PARTICIPATORY EXECUTION
• Participatory MONITORING & EVAULATION
PARAMETER FOR EVALUATION PARAMETER FOR EVALUATION
• HydraulicHydraulic Discharge, Sedimentation, Velocity , ErosionDischarge, Sedimentation, Velocity , Erosion
• SocialSocialWater Rights, Change in LivelihoodWater Rights, Change in Livelihood
• EconomicEconomic Fixed and variable cost, Cost benefitFixed and variable cost, Cost benefit
3-D View of a Field inlet/Outlet
AdvantagesAdvantages
• Can close inlet after irrigation easily Can close inlet after irrigation easily and avoid water flowing back outand avoid water flowing back out
• Can use it to irrigate next fieldCan use it to irrigate next field
Improved Design of a Diversion Structure
Include Bearings for easy operation
AdvantagesAdvantages
• Avoid conflicts Avoid conflicts
• Regulate flow divisionRegulate flow division
• Irrigate several areas simultaneouslyIrrigate several areas simultaneously
No. of Spate
Village August September
Daraban 12 3
Lallokot 14 2
Mochiwal 4 2
Gandi Ashiq 3 1
Gara Ramzi 3 2
Gundi Ummer 4 2
Frequency of Spate Water Arrival during 2006, Daraban Zam
Duration (hr.)
Village August September
Daraban 12 7
Lallokot 12 5
Mochiwal 10 5
Gandi Ashiq 10 8
Gara Ramzi 6 6
Gundi Ummer 7 5
Duration of Spate Water during 2006, Daraban Zam
Type Discharge (cfs)Area to be irrigated
(acre)
Min Max Min Max
Single way 36 60 11 15
Double inlet 90 120 16 30
Pipe inlet 28 34 11 13
Discharge and area to be irrigated from various structures
DIVERSION / DISTRIBUTION OF DIVERSION / DISTRIBUTION OF WATERWATERLocationLocation CommanComman
d Area d Area (acres)(acres)
BeforeBefore
Area Area Irrigated(Irrigated(
%)%)
AfterAfter
AreaArea
IrrigateIrrigated (%)d (%)
Increase Increase in in
Area(%)Area(%)
Gara Gara RamziRamzi
72107210 31.231.2 8585 53.853.8
MochiwalMochiwal 1250212502 24.9924.99 60.4460.44 35.4535.45
Farmers Benefited from Distribution Farmers Benefited from Distribution Structure Structure
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Beneficia
ries
(%)
1-30 31-60 61-90 More than 91
Farm Size (acre)
Mochiwal
Gara Ramzi
Area Increase for Irrigation Due to the Structure Area Increase for Irrigation Due to the Structure
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
Perc
ent I
ncre
ase i
n Ar
ea
1-30 31-60 61-90 More than 91
Farm Size (acre)
Gara Ramzi
Mochiwal
Percentage Share of CostPercentage Share of Cost
0
20
40
60
80
Material Transportation Labour and water
Shar
e B
ased
Ave
rage
Val
ue
(%)
Two way
Single way
COST OF GATED STRUCTURES FOR COST OF GATED STRUCTURES FOR WATER DIVERSION AND CONTROLWATER DIVERSION AND CONTROL
S.NO.S.NO. ITEMSITEMS MOCHIWALMOCHIWAL GARAH GARAH RAMZIRAMZI
Total COSTTotal COST
(Rs.)(Rs.)SHARESHARE
(Rs.)(Rs.)Total Total COSTCOST
(Rs.)(Rs.)
SHARESHARE
(Rs.)(Rs.)
11 Bricks, Bricks, Cement, Sand, Cement, Sand, Gravel,Gravel,
Gravel, Stone, Gravel, Stone, Iron bars, Iron Iron bars, Iron gate etc.gate etc.
86.186.1 83.083.0
22 TranspotationTranspotation 2.52.5 3.23.233 Labour and Labour and
waterwater9.29.2 11.111.1
44 Earth workEarth work 2.22.2 2.72.7
TotalTotal 178290178290
146630146630
ImpactsImpacts
• Strengthen Village organization.Strengthen Village organization.
• No conflict during 2006No conflict during 2006
• Irrigated area increased Irrigated area increased
• Farmer made a rules for contribution to Farmer made a rules for contribution to maintain the structure maintain the structure
• Farmer from the other villages who irrigated Farmer from the other villages who irrigated from the structure are willing to contribute.from the structure are willing to contribute.
• Less pressure on main bund Less pressure on main bund