Seite 2, xxxx.2006

Area: 120 km2

Historical investigation finished in 2002(Proceedings in 5 years) study of files evaluation of aerial photographs viewing of location

7.700 Industrial Sites3.300 Waste dump Sites

Results

82.000 Sites (waste dump sites and hazardous abandoned industrial sites). Initial suspicion confirmed for 11.000 Sites (= 20 %)Considerable entry of contaminant into the soil are expected

Evaluation of hazardous Sites in Baden-Württemberg

Seite 3, xxxx.2006

no contaminated site



no contaminated siteno contaminated site



Risk assessment in several steps

Seite 4, xxxx.2006

Inventory

Historical investigation

suspected sites

Identification

Seite 5, xxxx.2006

Assessment

Orientation investigation

Assessment

Detail investigation

Assessment

Immediate measures to ward Hazards

Contaminated site

site still under suspiction to be contaminated

site under suspiction to be contaminated




Supervision by Authorities


Supervision by Authorities


Supervision by Authorities,Self-Monitoring

Risk assessment

Seite 6, xxxx.2006

Remedial investigation Remediation plan

Remediation /protection and restriction measures

Self- Monitoring after Remediation/

Protection and restriction measuresSupervision by Authorities,

Self- Monitoring

Remediation and Monitoring

Seite 7, xxxx.2006

Distinguish between the different environmental

resources to be protected groundwater

surface water

soil

air

Aim: expand knowledge about a site in each step set of priorities

eliminate sites from process

Seite 8, xxxx.2006

Historical investigation: risk assessmentMinimum information type of area community address field name (register of lands) geographical coordinates

Information for the way of acting business negative list: e.g..

pharmacy

plumbing

shoemaker

Seite 9, xxxx.2006

type of dump site, type of industry

active time period

business specific contaminants

accidents

interruption times

area use

Information for the set of priorities (ranking) hazard of the material

environmental persistance

point of assessment

matrix effects

importance of the resource to be protected

Seite 10, xxxx.2006

The data set can be found generally in archives: aerial photography (allied flights) city maps, topography maps on-site work business registration address lists (street names often changes)

Orientation investigation initial systematic measurements

related resources to be protected

Next step

Seite 11, xxxx.2006

Suspicion facts and sample points

Galvanik

Faßlager

Whs

Flstk 1793

Flstk 1791

Straße

Whs

Flstk 1793

Flstk 1791

Straße

Tank-stelle

Verdacht Verdacht kein Verdacht

Schrottplatz

electroplating plant

barrel depot

house

Flstk 1793

Flstk 1791

Road

house

Flstk 1793

Flstk 1791

Road

gas station

locatable not locatable no suspicion

scrap yard

Case 1Herd of pollutant locatable

Case 2 Spatial not locatable refuse dump suspicion

Seite 12, xxxx.2006

hazard of material (site-independent value) ro

based on toxicological, physical, chemical, geolocial and environmental criteriamultiplier m to account for risk enhancement or reduction effects of local factors

m-values range from -0,5 to +1,5 with 1,0 equal to “environmentally neutral”

- relative procedure

- 5 steps

Principle of Evaluation (Ranking)Risk for need of action is joined with the risk after priority setting

Seite 13, xxxx.2006

environmental persistance rI = ro x mI

(transport in the unsaturated Zone)

point of assessment , i. e. the entry of contaminants to the resource (threshold or trigger values are exceeded) rII = rI x mII

matrix effects regarding the transport of contaminants (hydrogeological) rIII = rII x mIII

importance of the resource rIV = rIII x mIV

(water resource area)

Because of the soil protecting law from 1999 we have divided our system in the 2 parts

- need of action (see legal text)

- ranking (see the principles above)

Seite 14, xxxx.2006

„Use of On-Site Analytic“

Seite 15, xxxx.2006

Manual „Use of On-Site Analytic“ in 2001

Main tasks of the manualThe manual for the use of on-site analytical systems on contaminated

sites is to provide• time-saving and cost-effective strategies for investigation and

monitoring programmes;• expert help in deciding on suitable technology options to be taken

for specific applications;• quality assurance standards and measures to achieve

reproducable results;• a transparent and comprehensive planning concept for

investigation programmes including on-site analysis.

First experiences on test-sites in Baden-Württemberg since 1987

Seite 16, xxxx.2006

Applications for on-site analysisBy using on-site analysis it is possible to accelerate investigation processes and combine several investigation

steps by immediate on-site evaluation; to define limits of centres of contamination more accurately and provide

a subtly differentiated classification of excavated material, while avoiding additional costs;

to control the direction of investigation or remediation technique; to exhaust the full cost reduction potential in all phases of investigation,

long-term monitoring and remediation.

Seite 17, xxxx.2006

Q u a lity a s s u ra n ce

D y n a m ic w o rkp la n

L is t o f av a ila b lein s tu rm e n ts

M e a s u rin gp rin c ip a l

C a s e s tu d ie s

D o k u m e n ta tio n

D a ta q ua lityo b je c tiv e s

S tra te g y

R e m e d ia t io n

Accident analysis

Maintenance ofindustrial health and

safetystandards

Appendix:

Investigation

TasksMonitoring

Seite 18, xxxx.2006

Definition: measurement of analytical data, on-site and outside chemical laboratories; immediately or within a short times.

Practical relevance: low-cost methods; simple

Focus: portable analyses and sensors/ probes (field photometers, PID, FID, EIA, XRF)

Basic principles

Seite 19, xxxx.2006

on-site ana lysis

w ith sam p ling w ithou t sam p ling

m ob ile ana lys is

portab le ana lyse r

sensors / p robes

und istu rb ing m ethods

On-site analysis - Methods and types

Seite 20, xxxx.2006

Parameter (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13)

Heavy metals

Mercury

Anions

Cyanides

Gases (O2, CO2,

NOX,...)

PAH

Hydrocarbons

BTEX

vCHC

PCB

PCP

Legend: Grey: Application is possible Hatched: mobile laboratory analysis (elaborate and expensive)

ind

icat

or

test

s

imm

un

o a

ssay

tes

t ki

ts

Tes

t ki

ts

gas

tes

tin

g t

ub

e

gas

sen

sors

flam

e / p

ho

toio

nis

atio

n

det

ecto

r (P

ID/F

ID)

UV

sp

ectr

osc

op

y

thin

-lay

er

chro

mat

og

rap

hy

X-r

ay f

luo

resc

ence

(X

RF

)

Ion

mo

bili

ty

spec

tro

sco

py

(IM

S)

IR s

pec

tro

sco

py

GC

Mas

s sp

ektr

os c

op

y (G

C-M

S)

Ato

mic

ab

sorp

tio

n s

pec

tr

osc

op

y (A

AS

)

Gas

ch

rom

ato

gra

ph

y (G

C)

Seite 21, xxxx.2006

Strategy Chart

Criteria which are taken into consideration

the required quality of the measuring results

the instrument-specific properties

The strategy is an iterative process

Individual planning stages can be repeated several times.

Application Strategy

Seite 22, xxxx.2006

Qua

lity

assu

ranc

e

D a ta qua lity ob jec tives

D ocu m e nta tion

P urpose & ob jectives

Dyn

am

ic w

ork

pla

n

S ele ction o f te chn o lo gy

S am p lin g Q A

S am p lin g

O rg a n isatio n a l &te ch n ica l re a lisa tio n

Q A fo r a na lytic

S ite ow ne r,adm in istra tion/re gu la tory ag encies

S ite ow ne r,adm in istra tion/re gu la tory ag encies

A pprova l by s ite ow ne r, a dm in istra tion/re gu la tory ag encies

Strategy chart for the application of on-site analysis

Seite 23, xxxx.2006

There are 5 main categories of tasks:

Investigation:

Determination of pollution and spatial distribution in the soil using random or selected investigation grid patterns.

Accident analysis:

Determination of spatial distribution (extension) and mobility of a known pollutant taking into account any given time limits.

Application area

Seite 24, xxxx.2006

Maintenance of industrial health and safety standards:

Determination of the concentration of a pollutant and its time-related distribution with due consideration to the specific industrial safety requirements.

Long-term monitoring:

Long-term monitoring of contaminated sites or remediation acitivities, for example, specialised technical monitoring following remediation work or monitoring of long-term measures, such as the removal of soil gas by means of suction.

Remediation:

Activities to support the monitoring of remediation and safety measures, such as the control of material flows or soil treatment systems, within a specified timeframe.

Seite 25, xxxx.2006

Selection of equipment

In addition with Annex 2 of the manual (equipment data) pre-selections are possible

Com parison of technica l data

Contam inants of concern, screeningparam eter or quantitative analysis

Detection lim its,analytical accuracy

Purpose & objectives

Data quality ob jective &dynam ic work p lan

Costsstaff & equipm ent

F inancia l background

Practicabilitym obility, a tm ospheric conditions,

throughput rates

Dem ands on staff Availab ility, qualification

Site specific conditions,ED P

Selection of fie ld instrum ents

List o f technica lequipm ent

Selection of appropriate field instruments

Dynamic work plan

Seite 26, xxxx.2006

sam pling strategy, defin ition of investigation and sam pling techniques

fixing sam pling points:regard ing contam ination suspicious sites grid system (square, triangular, po lar, linear)sequence of sam pling, steering investigation d irection

protocol o f sam pling activity:which tem plate sheet should be used?distribution of the protocol?

sam pling m ethod:results d irectedm ixed sam ples/seperate sam plesquantity o f sam pling m ateria l

sam ple preparation:hom ogenising, chem ical extractions, ...

analysing and in terpretation of results

reaction on base of the analytica l results

fee

dba

ck /

bac

k co

up

ling

Sampling

Criteria for sampling planning and procedure

Seite 27, xxxx.2006

Thank you for your interest!

evaluation of hazardous sites in baden - württemberg

Documents

authoritiesimmediate

waste dump sitesresults82

km2historical investigation

risk enhancement

baden wrttembergreferat

industrial sites3

sample pointscase

hazardscontaminated