european r&d project for co2 transport

8/12/2019 European R&D Project for CO2 Transport

1/26

European R&D projects forEuropean R&D projects forCOCO22 transporttransport

Massimo Di Biagio

Rome, 14 November 2012

Carbon CaptureTransport

and Storage


2/26

Overview of CCTS Technology

Importance of transport

Existing carbon dioxide pipelines

Pipelines integrity and CO2 release

European Funding for CCTS

Existing CO2 Transport R&D projects

N2The content of this document is confidential and is reserved for the Customer only

OutlookOutlook


3/26

Overview of CCTS TechnologyOverview of CCTS Technology

Global climate is being changed by increases in concentrations

of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.

The increased concentrations of greenhouse gases (GHG) in the

atmosphere are caused by the activities of industrialised society,mainly for power generation, transports and refinery

Carbon Dioxide is increasing in the Earth atmosphere due to

human activities

Carbon Capture and Storage

technology is a viable solution for

GHG emission reduction, and for

this reason large economic

resources, both from industrial and

public organizations, were made

available for dedicated projects.

NOAA/ESRL (www.esrl.noaa.gov/gmd/ccgg/trends/)


4/26

Carbon Capture and Storage Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR)

Overview of CCTS TechnologyOverview of CCTS Technology

Aims of CCTS:Aims of CCTS:

1.Reduce the CO2 anthropogenic emissions on atmosphere that areconsidered responsible of climate changes.

2.Increase the amount of crude oil that can be extracted from an

exhausted field (EOR).



5/26

Importance of transportImportance of transport

In some cases the distance between capture and storage locations is low

and the injection of CO2 is close to the separation point (In Salah in Algeria,

Sleipner in Norway, ect).

In many cases the distance between capture and storage locations is high and

suitable solutions to transport the CO2 have to be taken into account


6/26

Importance of transportImportance of transport

Large amount of carbon dioxide are currently transported by:

trucks

rail cars

ships

pipelines

Temperature: -15C

Pressure: 2 MPa

22-60 tons.

Pipeline is the most used solution and

the only solution that can assure

continuous flow and no need for

20.000 tons.

Temperature: -30C

Pressure: 2 MPa

M tons / y

Temperature: 0-30C

Pressure: >10 MPa

storage tanks


7/26

Existing carbon dioxide pipelinesExisting carbon dioxide pipelines

More than 8000km of CO2 pipelines are currently in use or underconstruction in the next years, mainly in USA but also in Canada, Norway,

Algeria and Turkey.

Large part of these applications are used for Enhanced Oil Recovery and

the CO2 transported is from natural sources and not from anthropogenic

sources.

Denbury Resources Inc. 2008 Annual Report

Data of existing pipelines:

Diameter -> 6 up to 30,

Wall thickness from 8,5 to 17,5 mm,

Carbon Steel grade (API5LX60-X65-X70),

Usage factor up to 85% SMYS,

Operating pressure up to 21 MPa,

Lenght: up to 800 km,

Mainly onshore,

Trasportation condition dry (no free water).


8/26

Existing carbon dioxide pipelinesExisting carbon dioxide pipelines

The main difference between existing CO2 transportation network andthe European application is mainly due to the fact that in Europe the CO2pipelines will cross populated areas.

Source:CO2Europipe

Four main critical aspects for CO2pipeline network development in

populated areas have to be investigated:

Pipeline integrity

Understanding CO2 release

Contribution of impurities content

Lack of standards


9/26

Pipelines integrity andPipelines integrity and COCO22 releaserelease

CorrosionCorrosion Uniform and Pitting Corrosion

Sulphide Stress Corrosion Cracking

Stress Corrosion Cracking

Erosion-Corrosion Corrosion Fatigue

Fracture InitiationFracture Initiation--PropagationPropagation

Large cooling Joule Thompson effect,

High driving Force CO2 (Expansion ratio 450:1).

Internal Painting availabilityInternal Painting availability Flow assurance

Corrosion protection

Mandatory role of impurities (H2S, N2, H2, O2,SOX, NOX).


10/26

Release controlRelease control

The rupture of a CO2 pipeline produces a large dispersion of CO2 due to

the fact that it is transported in supercritical (dense) phase.

CO2 is not an explosive gas but CO2 has a continuum of effects that range

from physiologic to toxic, anaesthetic, and lethal. The effects of CO2 in a

specific individual depend on the concentration and duration of exposure.

After the release the CO2 tends to remain at ground level maintaining high

concentration for long time.

The study of this behaviour is mandatory to

a safety routing of line and for having good

tools to manage accidental loss


CO2 clouds at different concentrationduring large release simulations


11/26

Lack of standards for COLack of standards for CO22 transporttransport

Some standards, dedicated to the hydrocarbon transportation, consider

CO2 transport also. But it is evident that there is a lack of Standards

specifically developed to cover CO2 transport related issues.

At the moment the only standard completely dedicated to the CO2transportation is the DNV-RP-J202 even if at the moments it is just a

recommended practice.

Public acceptance of COPublic acceptance of CO22 pipelinespipelines

Although it is clear the common benefit of the CO2 emission reduction by

CCTS, public acceptance of CO2 pipelines is not an easy task (NIMBY).



12/26

European Funding for CCTSEuropean Funding for CCTS

FRAMEWORK PROGRAMMEFRAMEWORK PROGRAMME

The current Programme (FP7) started in 2007 and will run to 2013 with an EU

budget of around 50.5billion.

Most relevant to CCTS is the Energy theme which the EU Member States and the

European Parliament have earmarked total funding of 2.35 billion during FP7.

Last calls for CCTS inside Energy theme:

FP7-ENERGY-2013-1: 29 million for collaborative projects

FP7-ENERGY-2012-2: 21.5 million for collaborative projects

FP7-ENERGY-2012-1 21.5 million for collaborative projects



13/26


EEPREEPR -- European Energy Programme for RecoveryEuropean Energy Programme for Recovery

A 4 billion programme was set up in 2009 to co-finance projects (59 so far),

designed to make energy supplies more reliable and help reduce greenhouse

emissions, while simultaneously boosting Europe's economic recovery.The projects cover 3 broad fields: 44 gas and electricity infrastructure projects, 9

offshore wind projects and 6 carbon capture and storage projects

CCTS projects:

1. Jaenschwalde (Germany). Company: Vattenfall

2. Porto Tolle (Italy). Company: Enel

3. Rotterdam (The Netherlands). Companies: Maasvlakte J.V. / E.ON Benelux andElectrabel

4. Belchatow (Poland). Company: PGE EBSA

5. Compostilla (Spain). Company: Endesa

6. Hatfield (UK). Company: Powerfuel Power



14/26


NER300 ProgrammeNER300 Programme

The EUs NER300 Programme is the worlds largest funding programme for

innovative low carbon energy projects and a key component of the EUs strategy

to tackle climate change.

The 300 million allowances (EU Emissions Trading System), worth 4-5 billion,

are monetised and distributed through two rounds of calls for proposals, covering

200 and 100 million allowances respectively.

The programme intends to support at least eight CCTS projects and at least 34

Renewable Energy Sources projects.



15/26

Existing COExisting CO22 Transport R&D projectsTransport R&D projects

The larger amount of funded projects are mainly focussed on capture

and storage rings of chain.

The transport issues are covered by EU funds but the numbers of projectis significantly lower than others.



16/26

Industrial projects:

DNV JIP Pipe Trans Phase2

Cooltrans (Dense Phase CO2 PipeLine TRANSportation) COSHER (Carbon Dioxide, Safety, Health & Environmental Risk)

SARCO2A

Funded projects:

SARCO2 (RFCS)

COCATE (FP7)

CO2Europipe (FP7)

CO2 PipeHaz (FP7) COMET (FP7)

IMPACTS (FP7)

CATO2 (Dutch Government)

MATTRAN (UK Government)




17/26

DNV JIP CODNV JIP CO22 PipeTrans Phase2PipeTrans Phase2

Description:During execution of the CO2PIPETRANS Phase 1, which resulted in the DNV-

RP-J202, a number of significant gaps in knowledge were identified. Phase 2 of

the CO2PIPETRANS project is aimed at filling these knowledge gaps throughexperimental research funded by a Joint Industry Project (JIP).

Partners:Arcelor Mittal, BP, DNV, Endesa, eni g&p, E.on Ruhrgas, Gassco, Gassnova,

Health and Safety Executive (HSE) UK, Maersk Oil, Petrobras, Petroleum Safety

Authority (PSA) Norway, Shell, V&M Tubes, Vattenfall

Technical issues:

The scope of work includes the following areas where further R&D is beingconducted to gain an improved understanding and /or data:

1.Dense Phase CO2 Release Modelling Validation Data

2.Fracture propagation topic

3.Corrosion issues




18/26

COOLTRANSCOOLTRANSCO2Liquid pipeline TRANSportationCO2Liquid pipeline TRANSportation

Description:

National Grid is progressing the 8-million research programme to address andresolve the key issues relating to the safe routeing, design and construction of

onshore pipelines for the transportation of anthropogenic, high- pressure, dense-

phase, carbon dioxide (CO2) from power stations and other industrial emitters to

offshore locations for underground storage.

The COOLTRANS programme is over 50% complete

Technical issues:

1.Dense Phase CO2 Release2.Fracture Arrest

3.Safety procedures




19/26

COSHERCOSHERCarbon Dioxide, Safety, Health & Environmental RiskCarbon Dioxide, Safety, Health & Environmental Risk

Description:The COSHER Project is a collaboration between European stakeholders to

support the development of validated models for the determination of safety

zones around CO2 pipelines in Europe.

COSHER aims to gather data to support the development of models for the

determination of safety zones of CO2 transmission pipelines and to improve the

understanding of the release and leakage hazards.

Partners:StatoilHydro, Total, National Grid, Petrobras, GDF Suez, Gasco, eni g&p,

Enagas, Tokio Gas, Gasunie, Air Liquide, Gassnova, Kema.

Technical issues:1.Dense Phase CO2 Release Data

2.Release modelling.




20/26

COCO22EuropipeEuropipeTowards a transport infrastructure for largeTowards a transport infrastructure for large--scale CCS in Europescale CCS in Europe

Description:CO2Europipe is a research project partly funded by the European Commission in

the 7th Framework Programme.The aim of project was to define the road towards large-scale CO2 transport

infrastructure. The project investigated the optimum transition from initial small-

scale, local initiatives, towards large-scale CO2 transport and storage.

Partners:TNO, ECM, Schlumberger, Gasunie, Linde, Siemens, E.ON, PGE, CEZ Group,

Shell, CO2-Net, CO2 Global, Nacap, Anthony Velder, Stedin.

Technical issues:1.Identification of infrastructure required for large-scale transport of CO22.Evaluation to re-use of existing infrastructure for the transport of natural gas

3.Transition towards initial CCTS projects to their coalescence into larger-scale

CCS infrastructure.




21/26

COMETCOMETIntegrated infrastructure for COIntegrated infrastructure for CO22 transport and storage in the west MEdiTerraneantransport and storage in the west MEdiTerranean

Description:COMET is a research project partly funded by the European Commission in the

7th Framework Programme.

The overall objective of COMET is to study the techno-economic feasibility of

integrating carbon dioxide transport and storage infrastructures in the West

Mediterranean area (Portugal, Spain and Marocco). (http://comet.lneg.pt/index.php)

Partners:LNEG, UEVORA, UU, IGME, BRGM, UM5A-ISR, ONHYM, UPM, CIEMAT,

FFCT, JUELICH, EDP, ENDESA, GALP, ONE,TEJO Energia.

Technical issues:1.Identification of the location and the amounts of CO2 emissions and the

locations and the storage capacity of potential sinks in the region.

2.In depth assessment of most promising infrastructure options




22/26

COCATECOCATE

Description:COCATE is a research project partly funded by the European Commission in the

7th Framework Programme.COCATE's objective is to analyse the conditions for transporting the flue gases

emitted from several CO2-emitting industrial facilities with a view to pooling the

capture process, and for exporting large quantities of captured CO2 to storage

areas.(http://projet.ifpen.fr/Projet/jcms/c_7831/cocate)

Partners:Le Havre Region Development Agency (France), Geogreen (France), Accoat

(Denmark), SINTEF Energy Research (Norway), DNV (Norway), TNO

(Netherlands), Port of Rotterdam NV (Netherlands) and SANERI (South Africa).

Technical issues:1.Evaluation of impact that impurities have on physical properties of fluids

regarding the process of transport of carbon dioxide.

2.Safety of global capture to storage transport network

3.Economical study




23/26

SARCO2SARCO2

Requirements for Safe and Reliable CORequirements for Safe and Reliable CO22 Transportation PipelinesTransportation Pipelines

Description:SARCO2 is a Research Fund for Coal and Steel project partly funded by the

European Commission and co-funded by European Pipeline Research Group

(EPRG) and DNV.Project aim is to develop know-how to enable the determination of steel pipe

requirements for anthropogenic CO2 pipelines. Full scale testing on real sections

of pipeline are foreseen in project activity.

Partners:CSM (Italy), SZMF (Germany), Europipe (Germany), SMLP (Germany), V&M

(Germany), Corinth PW (Greece), eni g&p (Italy), GDF Suez (France), National

Grid (UK)

Technical issues:1.Definition of toughness requirements of base material to control running ductile

fracture propagation.

2.Definition of requirements to control crack initiation event also considering

corrosion and stress corrosion cracking phenomena.3.Collect experimental data related to the release of CO2 during a pipeline

failure.N23

The content of this document is confidential and is reserved for the Customer only


COE i ti CO R&T t R&D j t


24/26


SARCO2DNV

PipeTrans

IMPACTSCooltrans

SARCO2A

PRCI/EPRG


E i ti COE i ti CO T t R&D j tT t R&D j t


25/26




26/26


Thanks for your attention!Thanks for your attention!

european r&d project for co2 transport

Documents