european land cover mapping
DESCRIPTION
European land cover mapping. Stefan Kleeschulte European Topic Centre on Terrestrial Environment . Corine Land Cover (CLC). Scale 1:100.000, seamless vector database 44 classes in 3 hierarchical levels 25 ha Minimum Mapping Unit (MMU) 5 ha MMU for land cover changes +/- 30 countries - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
European land cover mapping
Stefan Kleeschulte
European Topic Centre on Terrestrial Environment
Corine Land Cover (CLC)
• Scale 1:100.000, seamless vector database
• 44 classes in 3 hierarchical levels
• 25 ha Minimum Mapping Unit (MMU)
• 5 ha MMU for land cover changes
• +/- 30 countries– Extension to Norway, Switzerland, Turkey & Iceland
Comparison Europe – U.S.
• Europe – 3.6 Mio km2
• United States (Lower 48) – 7.8 Mio km2
Source: CLC2000 Source: NLCD Land Cover Statistics
Artificial surfaces
Agricultural areas
Forest and seminatural
Wetlands
Water bodies
Ortho-rectified satellite image database (JRC)
Visual image interpretation (national teams)
Verification – qualitative (ETC/TE)
Final vector database (national team)
Validation – quantitative (ETC/TE)
European Data integration – vector & raster (ETC/TE)
Methodology
History
• CLC1990 • Process from 1985 to
1995 • 10-year process • Growing process • No common data policy
• CLC2000 • Coordinated approach • Snapshot (2000 +/- 1
year)• 29 countries • Agreed data policy for
image and mapping data
• Output: – CLC2000– CLC changes – CLC90 corrected
Validation of European CLC data
• Need for an independent database – LUCAS – Land Use land Cover Area Sampling
• Statistical sampling grid • Similar timeframe • 10.000 points over Europe (18 countries) • Field survey of land use and land cover • Field photographs
• Re-interpretation of field photographs
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Validation results
Display of LUCAS points on IMAGE2000
Interpretation of point from satellite image and field photographs
Creation of error matrix
Overall accuracy: 87.0% ± 0.8%
CLC - a success story
• Number of downloads from EEA web site
• Applications
• Value of downstream applications
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
Corine land cover downloads from http://dataservice.eea.eu.int
CLC2000
Use of Corine Land Cover Breakdown per economic sector
Agriculture14%
Dem ography2%
Education8%
Forestry9%
Health1%
OthersSector6%
Environm ent34%
Energy3%
Transport3%Tourism
1%Research
14%Physical Planning
5%
Investment cost CLC2000: 13 Meuro
Estimated revenues generated by underpinning downstream activities using CLC: 250 Meuro*
*Based on analysis of 500 activities out of 5658 registered users
IMAGE2000 User statistics*
User category Number of registered usersEnvironment 918Education 664Agriculture 578Demonstration 246Forestry 460Tourism 321Telecommunications 117Health 133
Total # registered users 2477Total # of downloads 15027
*Source: JRC, 2006 (Summer 2005 – April 2006)
Extract from User Application Database
• Land Cover impact on flood modelling. • Habitat suitability for some parasite species of economical interest• Agro-Environmental Research and Rural Development by EC DG-
Agriculture• Satellite-based estimates of drought impact• Testing a ICZM Indicator set• Wind Energy Assessment • Effects of forest characteristics on the abundance of pendulous lichens in
Northern Finland• Post-socialist suburbanization in Tallinn Region• Hydrological assessment and modelling of the river Fani, Albania• Fire risk management• Predicting Impacts on Natural Ecotones• Enhance Flight Simulator environment• 3D - Modelling• Biodiversity of the rivers Rhine and Meuse• Agriculture, Land use in mountain areas…
State & outlook of Europe’s Environment
Example: Green urban areas (based on IMAGE2000)
Budapest
Copenhagen
AthensBarcelona
Source: EEA (2006)
Example: Population density (based on CLC and Eurostat)
+
=
Source: EEA, JRC (2005)
100
105
110
115
120
125
1980 1985 1990 1995
built-up area
1980 = 100
population density
IssuesIssues
Between 1980–2000 urban land augmented 20 % while
population increased only 6 %
The 2002 Millennium floodaffected 4.2 million people
Impacts of land use planning on flooding
Nature protection and halting loss of biodiversity (2010 target)
Planning green corridors 2010 (Estonia)
Points of possible traffic conflict 2000 (Estonia)
IssuesIssues
Main annual conversions between agriculture and forests/ dry semi-natural land in ha/year
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
Withdrawal of farming withoutsignificant woodland creation
Withdrawal of farming with woodlandcreation
Conversion from wetlands toagriculture
Conversion from dry semi-natural &natural land to agriculture
Conversion from forest to agriculture
CORRESPONDANCE BETWEEN LAND COVER CHANGES (CLC LEVEL 3) AND THE LAND COVER FLOWS
132 133 141 142 211 212 213 221 222 223
Dump sites Construction sites
Green urban areas
Sport and leisure
facilities
Non-irrigated arable land
Permanently irrigated land
Rice fields Vineyards Fruit trees and berry
plantations Olive groves
243 Land principally occupied by agriculture w ith significant areas of natural vegetation
Extension of dumpsites
ConstructionDevelopment of green urban areas
Extension of sport and leisure facilities
Intensive conversion of marginal land to agriculture
Intensive conversion of marginal land to agriculture
Intensive conversion of marginal land to agriculture
Intensive conversion of marginal land to agriculture
Intensive conversion of marginal land to agriculture
Intensive conversion of marginal land to agriculture
244 Agro-forestry areasExtension of dumpsites
ConstructionDevelopment of green urban areas
Extension of sport and leisure facilities
Intensif ication of agriculture
Intensif ication of agriculture
Intensif ication of agriculture
Planting of vineyards, fruit and olive trees over arable & pasture
Planting of vineyards, f ruit and olive trees over arable & pasture
Planting of vineyards, fruit and olive trees over arable & pasture
311 Broad-leaved forest Extension of dumpsites
ConstructionDevelopment of green urban areas
Extension of sport and leisure facilities
Intensive conversion of forest to agriculture
Intensive conversion of forest to agriculture
Intensive conversion of forest to agriculture
Intensive conversion of forest to agriculture
Intensive conversion of forest to agriculture
Intensive conversion of forest to agriculture
312 Coniferous forest Extension of dumpsites
ConstructionDevelopment of green urban areas
Extension of sport and leisure facilities
Intensive conversion of forest to agriculture
Intensive conversion of forest to agriculture
Intensive conversion of forest to agriculture
Intensive conversion of forest to agriculture
Intensive conversion of forest to agriculture
Intensive conversion of forest to agriculture
313 Mixed forest Extension of dumpsites
ConstructionDevelopment of green urban areas
Extension of sport and leisure facilities
Intensive conversion of forest to agriculture
Intensive conversion of forest to agriculture
Intensive conversion of forest to agriculture
Intensive conversion of forest to agriculture
Intensive conversion of forest to agriculture
Intensive conversion of forest to agriculture
321 Natural grassland Extension of dumpsites
ConstructionDevelopment of green urban areas
Extension of sport and leisure facilities
Intensive conversion of marginal land to agriculture
Intensive conversion of marginal land to agriculture
Intensive conversion of marginal land to agriculture
Intensive conversion of marginal land to agriculture
Intensive conversion of marginal land to agriculture
Intensive conversion of marginal land to agriculture
322 Moors and heathland Extension of dumpsites
ConstructionDevelopment of green urban areas
Extension of sport and leisure facilities
Intensive conversion of marginal land to agriculture
Intensive conversion of marginal land to agriculture
Intensive conversion of marginal land to agriculture
Intensive conversion of marginal land to agriculture
Intensive conversion of marginal land to agriculture
Intensive conversion of marginal land to agriculture
Land cover change accounts:
from maps to statistics
LCF1 Urban land management
LCF2 Urban residential sprawl
LCF3 Sprawl of economic sites and infrastructures
LCF4 Agriculture internal conversions
LCF5 Conversion from other land cover to agriculture
LCF6 Withdrawal of farming
LCF7 Forests creation and management
LCF8 Water bodies creation and management
LCF9 Changes due to natural & multiple causes
Land cover 1990 & 2000 and land cover change are first converted to a grid
(below, 3x3 km)
Individual changes are grouped by land cover flows that describe
processes
CLC2006 update
• Highly requested by European Commission and EEA Member States – High interest in land cover changes – More frequent updates (< 10 years) – Improved data content (e.g. urban)
• Integration into GMES • Reliable, up-to-date and accessible information on the
environment for Europe – GMES Fast Track Service on Land (delivery 2008)
• CLC2006 update• 2 high-resolution layers
EEA / EionetEuropean Commission
European Space Agency
Proposed funding blocks
Total estimate: 14 Meuro
High resolution layers
In-situ data CLC2006 interpretation Validation
Satellite images
Concept of GMES services on land monitoring based on EU and National
user requirements
Earth ObservationEarth Observation In situ monitoringIn situ monitoring
Downstream servicesDownstream services
Core land cover dataCore land cover dataserviceservice
Public funding
Industry services
GMES FTS Land first set of core land cover data
products
CLC 2006CLC 2006
Built-up area / sealingBuilt-up area / sealing
CLC ChangesCLC Changes
Products to deliver in 2008
1. Ortho-rectified satellite images for the reference year 2006 (+/- 1 year);
2. European mosaic based on ortho-rectified satellite imagery (IMAGE2006);
3. Corine land cover changes 2000-2006;4. Corine land cover map 2006 (CLC2006);5. High resolution built-up areas including
degree of soil sealing 2006;6. High resolution forest mask 2006.
Agreed boundary conditions during preparatory work 2005-
2006Snap shot covering EU MS and neighbouring countriesContinuity of Corine land cover guaranteedCore land cover data available within 1.5 year after the satellite data acquisition Updates at least every 5 yearsCoordination of European with national, regional, local monitoring activitiesBuilding on existing land cover and land use experience and monitoring activities. Co-ownership of the products guaranteedOpen access and free dissemination data policy maintained
