European Exploration of European Exploration of the New Worldthe New World

Gold, Glory, and GodGold, Glory, and God

MotivesMotives

Europeans were looking for a way Europeans were looking for a way around the ________ Empire to access around the ________ Empire to access Silk Road trade.Silk Road trade.

Exploration was an opportunity for Exploration was an opportunity for people to climb up the social ladder people to climb up the social ladder and pillage Aztec, Inca treasure.and pillage Aztec, Inca treasure.

The Catholic Church was interested The Catholic Church was interested in making convertsin making converts

What Columbus knew of the What Columbus knew of the WorldWorld

Known World of Europeans- Known World of Europeans- 1300’s1300’s

ColumbusColumbus► An Italian that sailed for the new kingdom of An Italian that sailed for the new kingdom of

Spain. Why not sail for Italy?Spain. Why not sail for Italy?

► Landed in New World in 1492 after 2 months Landed in New World in 1492 after 2 months at sea.at sea.

► Thought he reached E. Asia, hence the term Thought he reached E. Asia, hence the term “Indians”“Indians”

► Returned three more times with large fleet- Returned three more times with large fleet- soldiers, colonistssoldiers, colonists

Pedro CabralPedro Cabral

► In 1500 Cabral sailed for Portugal and In 1500 Cabral sailed for Portugal and claimed Brazil claimed Brazil

►Treaty of Tordasillas, written by Pope, Treaty of Tordasillas, written by Pope, divided the new world between Spain and divided the new world between Spain and Portugal in 1494. Other countries ignored Portugal in 1494. Other countries ignored itit

►Colonies- Colonies- lands that are controlled by lands that are controlled by another nationanother nation

Amerigo VespucciAmerigo Vespucci

►Another Italian that sailed for Portugal- Another Italian that sailed for Portugal- explored E. coast of S. America. First explored E. coast of S. America. First guy to recognize that the New World guy to recognize that the New World was not Asiawas not Asia

►A German mapmaker named it A German mapmaker named it “America” after him“America” after him

Ferdinand MagellanFerdinand Magellan

First voyage to sail around the world First voyage to sail around the world in 1519-1522in 1519-1522

While Balboa marched through While Balboa marched through Panama and saw it first, Magellan Panama and saw it first, Magellan named the new ocean “Pacific”named the new ocean “Pacific”

Magellan was killed in the PhilippinesMagellan was killed in the Philippines Out of 5 ships and 250 men, only 1 Out of 5 ships and 250 men, only 1

ship/18 men made it back to Spainship/18 men made it back to Spain

Hernando CortesHernando Cortes

►Sailed from Spanish colony of Cuba to Sailed from Spanish colony of Cuba to Veracruz in 1519Veracruz in 1519

►Crossed the Sierra Madre and defeated Crossed the Sierra Madre and defeated Montezuma and the AztecMontezuma and the Aztec

►ConquistadorConquistador- Spanish conquorers- Spanish conquorers►What 4 things helped Cortes?What 4 things helped Cortes?

Francisco PizarroFrancisco Pizarro

►Pizarro marched a small force across Pizarro marched a small force across Panama and sailed to Peru- the IncaPanama and sailed to Peru- the Inca

►Atahualpa gave him one room full of Atahualpa gave him one room full of gold and two rooms full of silver to let gold and two rooms full of silver to let him go, but he strangled him anyway.him go, but he strangled him anyway.

Legacy of ConquestLegacy of Conquest

MestizoMestizo- People of mixed Spanish and - People of mixed Spanish and Native American ancestryNative American ancestry

EncomiendaEncomienda-Native Americans forced -Native Americans forced to work farms, ranches, mines for to work farms, ranches, mines for Spanish landlords.Spanish landlords.

African slavery will replace this African slavery will replace this system…system…