5th European Congress on

BiotechnologyCopenhagen, July 8-13,1990

Proceedings vol. 1

Edited by

Claus Christiansen

DSc, MD, Managing Director, The Genetic Engineering Group, Lyngby

Lars Munck

Fil.Dr., Research Manager, Carlsberg Research Laboratory, Copenhagen

John Villadsen

Dr.techn., Professor, DTH, Lyngby

UNIVERSEATSDSUOTHEkHANNOVER

TcOHN!SG44E

1 INFORMATIONSBIBUOTHEK

Munksgaard

VOLUME I

GENERAL LECTURES

Genetics and gene ethics.

Philipson, L p. 3

Protein engineering and insulin.

odson, GG, Derewenda, U p. 11

Microbial physiology and rec-DNA technology "The microbe,more than a bag of enzymes".

Harder, W, Dijkhuizen, L p. 23

The enzyme industry and modern biotechnology.Riisgaard, S p. 31

The evolution of downstream processing.Van

't Riet, K p. 41

Modern biotechnology and the food industry.

Allen, G p. 50

DNA fingerprinting; Science, applications and impact.Debenham, PG p. 60

Biotechnology research for developing countries.

Cocking, EC p. 67

How can biotechnology solve environmental problems of

modern society?Verstraete, W, Huysman, F, Top, E p. 75

The structure, function and pathology of the human

mitochondrial genome.

Lestienne, P, N0rby, S p. 85

SYMPOSIA

Exportable biotechnological products from developing countries

Exportable biotechnological products from developingcountries.

Rolz, CE p. 97

Delicate mushrooms for the export markets in indus¬

trialized countries.

Chang, ST p. 100

Considerations in the development of exportable bio¬

technological products in developing countries.

Mou, D-G p. 104

Improved plant processing by simultaneous lactic acid

fermentation and enzymatic hydrolysis.

Tengerdy, RP P•108

Plant cell culture - industrial applications

Plant cell culture - a technology whose time has come?

Fowler, MW P- H2

The selectivity in the biotransformation of testoste-

rones with the cultured cells of Marchantia polymorpha.

Hamada, H, Kawabe, S P- 120

Effect of in situ extraction and cell immobilization of

L. erythrorhizon on shikonin production.

Kim, DJ, Chang, HN p. 124

Effect of mixed nitrogen sources on the growth of plant

cells in continuous culture.

van Gulik, WM, ten Hoopen, HJG, Heijnen, JJ, Libbenga, KR,

Luyben, KChAM p. 128

The effects of precursor feeding on alkaloid production

in Coffea arabica plant cell cultures in a novel membrane

reactor.

Lang, JA, Yoon, K-H, Prenosil, JE p. 132

Microbial plant protection agents

Microbial crop protection and enhancement agents: Old

problems, new perspectives.

Lynch, JM p. 136

Continuous processing of Bacillus thuringiensis.

Dreier, P, Brauhart, I, Rung, W, Moser, A p. 142

Scale-up of beta exotoxin production in fed-batch Ba¬

cillus thuringiensis fermentations.

Paige, MR, Cooper, RD p. 146

Production of siderophores in antagonistic and non-

antagonistic strains of Pseudomonas.

Jacques, Ph, Ogena, M, Klinkenberg, H, Lepoivre, Ph,Thonart, Ph, Delfosse, Ph p. 150

Plant protection and growth promotion by Trichoderma

harzianum mutants.

Tengerdy, RP, Baker, R, Sary, L p. 153

Monitoring and control in environmental biotechnology

Multi-analyte enzyme electrodes for environmental moni¬

toring.Henkens, RW, O'Daly, JP, Zhao, J p. 157

Rodtox: Biosensor for rapid determination of the bio¬

chemical oxygen demand and the on-line monitoring of

the toxicity of wastewaters.

Vanrolleghem, P, Dries, D, Verstraete, W p. 161

Environmental microbial and biochemical monitoring of

biotechnological processes.Bennett, AM, Hill, SE, Benbough, JE, Hambleton, P p. 165

The construction of broad host range genetic markers

and their use in monitoring the release of catabolic

gems to aquatic environments.

McClure, NC, Saint, CP, Fry, JC, Weightman, AJ p. 169

Design of reduced order adaptive controllers for

anaerobic digestion processes.

Bastin, G, van Breusegem, V, Dochain, D, Nyns, E-J,Renard, P p. 173

Vaccine production by genetic engineering

A new vaccine against whooping cough containing gene¬

tically detoxified pertussis toxin.

Rappouli, R, Pizza, M, Covacci, A, Bartoloni, A, Perugini,M, Manetti, R, Bugnoli, M, Ruggiero, P, Olivieri, R,De Magistris, T, Nencioni, L p. 177

Rationally attenuated Salmonella strains as live oral

vaccines.

Chatfield, SN, Fairweather, N, Roberts, M, Tite, J,

Charles, I, Dougan, G p. 182

An approach to the development of a malaria vaccine.

Borre, M, Dziegiel, M, Petersen, E, H0gh, B, Jepsen, S,

Vuust, J, Rieneck, K, Riley, E p. 186

Development of a recombinant vaccine against progres¬

sive atrophic rhinitis in pigs.

Petersen, SK, Bording, A, Foged, NT, Frandsen, PL,

Riemann, HK, Nielsen, JP, S0rensen, V p. 190

Production of meningococcal class I outer membrane

protein in Bacillus subtilis.

Chattopadhyay, P, Butcher, S, Nurminen, M, Wahlstrohm, E,

Sarvas, M, Runeberg-Nyman, K, Puohiniemi, R p. 194

Expression of heterologous proteins in fungi

Introduction to production of heterologous proteinsin fungi.Ward, M p. 198

Trichoderma: A fungal expression system for the pro¬

duction of heterologous proteins.Penttila, M, Uusitalo, J, Hirvonen, A, Nyyssonen, E,

Saloheimo, M, Keranen, S, Knowles, J p. 200

Secretion of active calf chymosin from Mucor circinel-

loides.

Str0man, P, Bruyant, P, Jepsen, LP, Wind, A, Arnau, J ... p. 203

An inducible gene expression system for Neurospora crassa.

Collins, ME, Briggs, G, Sawyer, C, Sheffield, PJ, Con-

nerton, IF, Gainey, LDS p. 207

The commercial development of heterologous gene ex¬

pression in Aspergillus.Ward, M p. 211

Efficient/intelligent screening for microbial potential

Efficient/intelligent screening for microbial potentials.de Bont, JAM p. 215

Microbial emulsification of crude oil.

Krigsvoll, S, Josefsen, K, Storr0, I p. 221

'In vivo protein engineering': A goal-orientated approachfor biocatalyst screening and optimization.

Hermes, HFM, Peeters, PJH, Peeters, WPH, Schepers, CHM,

Kamphuis, J, Schoemaker, HE, Meijer, EM p. 225

Potential of an archaebacterial system for screening DNA

binding drugs and inhibitors of type II DNA topoisomerases.Gadelle, D, Forterre, P p. 229

New applications of industrial enzymes

New developments in the application of enzyme catalyststo synthesis reactions.

Monsan, P, Paul, F p. 233

Enzymatic reactions in supercritical carbon dioxide

and integrated product-recovery.

Doddema, HJ, Janssens, RJJ, de Jong, JPJ, van der Lugt,

JP, Oostrom, HHM p. 239

Extractive biocatalysis in a liquid-impelled loop reactor.

Vermue, MH, Tramper, J p. 243

Synthesis of lambda-leucovorin by the combination of

chemical and enzymatic processes.

Uwajima, T, Eguchi, T, Oshiro, T, Kuge, Y, Igarashi, A,

Horiguchi, A, Mochida, K, Iwakura, M p. 247

L(-)-carnitine synthesis by stereoselective hydrationof crotonobetaine.

Jung, H, Kleber, H-P p. 251

Metabolic pathway engineering for the production of

new chemicals.

Rozzell, JD, Voloch, M, Lynch, J, Maxwell, P p. 255

Modelling of fermentation kinetics

Modelling of fermentation kinetics.

Villadsen, J, Nielsen, J p. 259

A population balance model of enzymatic lysis of mi¬

crobial cells.

Asenjo, JA, Hunter, JB p. 267

Application of dynamic programming for fermentative

ethanol production by Zymomonas mobilis.

Rivera, SL, Karim, MN p. 271

Modelling of the production on complex media of peni¬cillin acylase by a recombinant E. coli.

Cayuela, C, Taha, S, Boudrant, J, Engasser, J-M p. 275

Modelling and simulation of hyphal growth, metabolism

and mass transfer in pellets of Streptomyces.Buschulte, TK, Gilles, ED p. 279

Lactic acid bacteria in the food industry

Lactic acid bacteria in the food industry: State of

the art.

Mogensen, G p. 283

Analysis of secretion signals of lactococci.

Simons, G, van Asseldonk, M, Rutten, G, Nijhuis, M,

Homes, M, de Vos, WM p. 290

Analysis of strain diversity among Lactococcus lactis

strains in commercial use.

Horgan, J, Aalvik, C, Outzen, R, Hansen, E, Myling-Petersen, D, Larsen, I p. 294

Effect of oxygen on growth and lactose metabolism of

Lactobacillus fermentum.

Vahvaselka, M, Hofman, M, Linko, P p. 298

Production of antimicrobial compounds by lactic acid

bacteria.

Barnby-Smith, FM, Roller, SD p. 302

Lactococcus lactis 10-1 (JCM 7638), a new strain of

homofermentative L-lactate producing coccus.

Ishizaki, A, Hara, T, Ezaki, T p. 306

Safety in biotechnology - social, scientific and legal aspects

The "Good industrial large scale practice" (GILSP)

concept of the organisation for economic co-operationand development (OECD).

Ktienzi, MT p. 310

The USDA experience in moving agricultural biotechnologyinto the field.

Young, AL, Steinbock, MB P- 315

Occupational safety and health management in some bio¬

technological companies in Denmark, Sweden, Netherlands,England and USA.

Boyd, HB, Broberg, 0, Mikkelsen, SH p. 319

Biotechnology of anaerobes

Biotechnology of anaerobes.

Cole, JP- 323

Genetics of denitrification by Alcaligenes eutrophus.Friedrich, B, Warnecke, U, Sann, R, Schneider, B p. 327

Acetate activation in Methanothrix soehngenii.Jetten, MSM, Stams, AJM, Zehnder, AJB p. 331

Improved growth and methane production conditions for

Methanobacterium thermoautotrophicum.Gerhard, E, Butsch, BM, Marison, I, von Stockar, U p. 336

Mixed substrate feeding strategies to improve the

biotechnological potential of strict anaerobes.

Lindley, ND, Loubiere, P, Vasconcelos, I, Soucaille, P,Gros, E

p. 339

Anaerobic, thermophilic, cellulose and hemicellulose

degrading bacteria.

Mathrani, IM, Ahring, BKp. 343

Effects of lipids on thermophilic anaerobic digestion andreduction of lipid inhibition upon addition of bentonite.Ahring, BK, Angelidaki, I

p. 347

Preliminary laboratory result on the use of an expandedbed digester for the treatment of swine slurries.

Sorlini, C, Ranalli, G, Balsari, Pp. 351

Education in biotechnology at the pre-university level

Experimental gene technology at secondary schools inDenmark.

Fredtoft, E, Hansen, G, Johnsen, Kp. 354

Microcosmos: A necessary strategy for biotechnologyeducation.

Zook, DPp. 358

Education at the "H6here Bundes- Lehr- und Versuchs-anstalt fur Chemische Industrie - Vienna".

Frenzl, M, Berner, Rp. 360

Education in biotechnology at polytechnics in The

Netherlands.

Bresters, TW p. 364

Post-graduate biotechnology education at the Dutch

polytechnics.Dieteren, HML p. 368

Transgenic plants - new sources for food and agroindustrial

production

Introduction of virus resistance in potato cultivars.

van den Elzen, PJM, Huisman, MJ, Posthumus, D, Molendijk,L, Cornelissen, BJC, Hoekema, A, Jongedijk, E p. 372

Biological nitrification and denitrification

Biological nitrification and denitrification.

Hollo, J, Czako, L, Mihaltz, P p. 373

Microbial biomass and activity measurements: Their

role in describing the processes.Lindgaard-J0rgensen, P p. 380

The influence of the recycle rate on the performance of

a biological denitrification process in a fluidized bed.

Braun, R, Reisinger, C, Moser, A p. 384

Anoxic ammonium oxidation.

van de Graaf, AA, Mulder, A, Slijkhuis, H, Robertson, LA,

Kuenen, JG p. 388

Nitrification with immobilized bacteria in airlift

loop reactors: Modelling and application.Wijffels, RH, de Gooijer, CD, Tramper, J, Hunik, JH p. 392

Aerobic nitrate and nitrite reduction in continuous

cultures of Escherichia coli E4.

Brons, HJ, Zehnder, AJB p. 396

New developments in genetic diagnostics

New developments in genetic diagnostics.

Schwartz, M p. 402

Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) as a tool for studyingmitochondrial DNA mutations in human disease.

N0rby, S, Lestienne, P, Nelson, I p. 406

Rapid analysis of an aberrant region of the ribosomal

operon from a selection of clostridial species usingPCR: A new taxonomic approach.Colleran, GJ, Barry, T, Powell, R, Gannon, F,

Dunican, LK p. 410

Milk protein genotype mapping.

Lien, S, Brovold, MJ, Steine, T, Rogne, S, Molland,

TS, Vegarud, G, Alestrdm, P, Langsrud, T p. 414

Genotyping of apolipoprotein E by nucleotide sequenceand nucleotide incorporation analysis of affinity-

captured amplified DNA.

Syvanen, A-C, Harju, L, Soderlund, H P- 419

Bioorqanic synthesis

Recent advances in the use of biotransformation for

the synthesis of chiral, biologically active natural

products and selected analogues.

Roberts, SM P- 423

Synthesis of L-valine with NADH-regenerating systems:From enzymatic synthesis to bioconversion.

Honorat-Pascal, A, Monot, F, Ballerini, D, Vandecastee-

le, J-P P- 425

Enzymatic single-step processes for the production of

dipeptides from simple starting materials.

Aasmul-Olsen, S, Thorbek, P, Hansen, S, Widmer, F p. 429

Strategies in the preparation of homochiral compoundsusing combined enantioselective enzymes.

Straathof, AJJ, Rakels, JLL, Heijnen, JJ p. 433

Enzymatic synthesis of esters.

Knez, Z, Habulin, M, Pecnik, S p. 437

Enzymatic synthesis of carbohydrate esters in 2-pyrro-lidone.

Janssen, AEM, Klabbers C, van t' Riet, K, Franssen, MCR . p. 441

Eucaryotic gene regulation

Control of transcription initiation in eucaryotes.Yaniv, M, Chouard, T, Tronche, F, Blumenfeld, M, Bach,I, Cereghini, S

p. 445

Liver gene expression: Cloning of abundant mRNA tran¬

scripts from the liver of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar),identification of salmon apolipoprotein A-l gene.Powell, R, Byrnes, L, Gannon, F

p. 453

Structural analysis of human repetitive DNA.

Miinker, T, Hennig, J, Grzeschik, K-H, Olek, K, Driesel,AJ

p. 457

Gene expression in procaryotes

A Thermus sp. strain which produces starch-hydrolyzingenzymes, and molecular cloning of its pullulanase gene.Sashihara, N, Nakamura, N, Horikoshi, K p. 461

Translational regulation in bacteriophage M13: Applicationfor the regulated production of heterologous proteinsin Escherichia coli.

Zaman, G, Schoenmakers, J, Konings, R p. 465

DNA sequence specificity of DE0P1 operator - DEOR re¬

pressor recognition in Escherichia coli.

Hammer, K, Bech, L, Dandanell, G, Hobolth, P p. 468

Recombinant protein expression in Escherichia coli

using the oxygen-dependent promoter of the vitreo-

scilla hemoglobin gene.

Khosla, C, Curtis, JE, Galazzo, J, Bailey, JE p. 472

Monitoring and controlling animal cells in bioreactors

The monitoring and control of animal cell cultures.

Spier, RE p. 476

Control of surfaces for anchorage dependent cell growth.Maroudas, NG p. 482

Monitoring nutrient components, metabolites, products,concentrations, and the behavior of animal cells in

bioreactors.

Schiigerl, K, Graf, H, Kretzmer, G, Freitag, R, Scheper,T, Wentz, D p. 486

The derivation and use of mathematical models for the

improvement of animal cell culture performance.

Engasser, J-M, Marc, A, Mailly, E, Fonteix, C, Goergen,

J-L, Martial, A, Ghoul, M p. 490

Protein engineering in relation to biological products

Structure-function studies of Trichoderma reesei cel-

lulases.

Ruohonen, L, Reinikainen, T, Jones, TA, Knowles, J,

Teeri, T p. 494

The rationel modification of porcine phospholipase A2.

Collins, M, Pickersgill, RW, Sumner, IG, Verheij, H,

de Haas, G, Goodenough, PW, Perry, BN p. 498

Cloning and mutagenesis of cysteine proteases.Collins, M, Revell, D, Sumner, I, Pickersgill, RW,

Goodenough, P p. 502

Enzymatic characterization of three genetically en¬

gineered variants of t-PA.

Sterky, C, Attersand, A, Nyberg, E, Lowenadler, B,

Hansson, L, Pohl, G p. 505

Protein engineering of glucoamylase from Aspergillus

niger. Studies of the enzymatic mechanism.

Sierks, MR, Svensson, B p. 509

Membrane technology for the separation of bioproducts

Synthetic membranes in biotechnology: Realities and

possibilities.

Belfort, G P- 513

Production of lactic acid by a complex processing of

agricultural lignocellulosic materials.

Rychtera, M, Machek, F, Pospichalova, V, Melzoch, K,Basarova G, Martinkova, L, Kratochvil, Z p. 517

Emulsion liquid membrane extractions in biotechnology:Separation of organic acids.

Chaudhuri, JB, Pyle, DL p. 521

Affinity (cross-flow)-microfiltration membranes for

the isolation of enzymes from crude extracts.

Champluvier, B, Briefs, G, Kula, M-R p. 525

Sensors using biological reactions

Recent trends in biosensor development.Mattiasson, B

p. 529

Application of a general sampling system for continuous

monitoring in biological systems using biosensors.

Hakansson, H, Hoist, 0, Mattiasson, B p. 535

Potential applications of biochemical fuel cells as

analytical tools.

Sell, D, Kreysa, G, Kraemer, P p. 539

On-line detection of lipase activity by flow injectionzymography.

Erdmann, H, Chemnltius, GC, Schmid, RDp. 544

Development of glucose micro-electrodes for measurementsin biofilms.

Cronenberg, CH, van den Heuvel, H, van der Hauw, M,van Groen, B

p. 548

Biohydrometallurgy

Biohydrometallurgy: Developments, potentials and trends.Rossi, G

p. 552

Microbial desulfurization of coal: Oxygen and carbondioxide mass transfer as a function of the tempera¬ture and the coal-slurry density.Boogerd, FC, Boon, M, Meeder, TA, Bos, P p. 558

Biosorption of molybdenum by biomass of microorganisms.Korenevsky, AA, Karavaiko, GI

, p. 561

A common plasmid (pTFO) in Thiobacillus ferrooxidans

strains from different geographical areas.

Polidoro, M, Buonfiglio, V, Valenti, P, Orsi, N p. 565

Leaching with fungi: Solubilization of metals from ores

and industrial wastes by means of organic acids.

Burgstaller, W, Strasser, H, Schinner, F p. 569

Possibilities and pitfalls during the establishment of

biotechnological enterprises

Possibilities and pitfalls during the establishment of

new biotechnological enterprises.Kooreman, HJ p. 573

EuroCetus: Establishment of a European biotechnology

company.

Hersbach, GJM p. 576

Presentation of Centocor.

Schoemaker, H p. 581

Extremophiles

DNA polymerases from thermophilic archaebacteria.

Elie, C, Hamal, A, Baucher, M-F, Forterre, P p. 589

The use of dehydrogenases in biotechnology: The prospects

provided by thermophilic enzymes in coenzyme regenerationsystems.

Bartolucci, S, Guagliardi, A, Raia, CA, Btickmann, AF,

Rossi, M p. 592

Hyperthermoactive amylases from the archaebacteria

Pyrococcus woesei and Pyrococcus furiosus.

Antranikian, G, Koch, R, Spreinat, A, Lemke, K p. 596

Biotechnological applications of the halophile bacteria.

Ramos-Cormenzana, A p. 600

Metabiosis of haloalkaliphilic bacteria.

Zvyagintseva, I, Kevbrina, M, Kostrikina, N, Skvortsova,

I, Kulichevskaya, I, Tarasov, A p. 604