europe and the russian zone a quick review. europe -- definition there are many definitions of...
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![Page 1: Europe and the Russian Zone A Quick Review. Europe -- Definition There are many definitions of Europe. The textbook has one, the Coloring Book has one,](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022051401/56649ce25503460f949ae25e/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Europe and the Russian Zone
A Quick Review
![Page 2: Europe and the Russian Zone A Quick Review. Europe -- Definition There are many definitions of Europe. The textbook has one, the Coloring Book has one,](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022051401/56649ce25503460f949ae25e/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Europe -- Definition
There are many definitions of Europe. The textbook has one, the Coloring Book has one, and I have another. In general, I consider Europe to be those countries of western Eurasia that lie west of the Former Soviet Union.
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Europe: Peninsulas on a Peninsula
Europe is NOT a separate continent. Rather, it is a peninsula of the Eurasian continent.Major Peninsulas of Europe:Scandinavian, Jutland, Iberian, Italian, and Balkan.
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Europe’s Northerly Orientation
•Much of Europe lies north of 40°N, which bisects the Iberian Peninsula.
- This means summer days AND winter nights are long.
Scandinavia is land of the midnight sun
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Europe: Principle Mountains & Rivers
Principal Mountain Ranges:• Pyrenees• Alps• Apennines• CarpathiansPrincipal Rivers• Danube – longest river of
non-Russian Europe• Rhine – most important
commercial waterway of Europe
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Principle seas and lakes: what is the significance of each?
Baltic Sea
North Sea
Mediterranean Sea
Adriatic Sea
Black Sea
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Subregions of Europe
You have already learned the European countries for the map quiz, but to make it easier to remember them, it is easier to break them up into subregions. My subregions are a bit different than the text’s.
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Northern Europe
Northern Europe includes the island of Iceland, Denmark (on the Jutland Peninsula and adjacent islands), Norway and Sweden (on the Scandinavian Peninsula), and Finland, which shares a long border with Russia.
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Western Europe
Typically Western Europe includes the British Isles (United Kingdom and the Republic of Ireland), the Benelux Countries (Belgium, Netherlands, and Luxembourg), France, Germany, Switzerland and Austria.
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Eastern Europe
South of the Baltic Sea lies Poland, the Czech Republic and Slovakia (once a single country known as Czechoslovakia), and Hungary.
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The Balkans Eight countries lie on the Balkan Peninsula between the Adriatic and Black Seas. Slovenia, Croatia (shaped like a C), Bosnia-Hercegovina, Yugoslavia, and Macedonia once made up a single country called Yugoslavia. Tiny Albania faces the heel of Italy while Romania and Bulgaria face the Black Sea.
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Southern Europe
Four countries lie predominantly in the south along the Mediterranean Sea. These are Portugal and Spain on the Iberian Peninsula, Italy, and Greece.
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Russia’s Northerly Orientation
Notice how much of Russia lies north of the Arctic Circle. Again, summer days AND winter nights are long. The Arctic Ocean is ice covered for much of the winters leaving much of Russia effectively landlocked.
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Russia and Caucasus:
Almost Landlocked
Russia is almost a rectangle with few major peninsulas.
Its largest peninsula is the Kamchatka Peninsula, located in Russia’s Far East.
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Russian Zone: Principle Mountains
& Rivers
Principal Rivers• Volga – if you extend Europe all the way to the Ural
Mountains, it is the longest river of Europe. It is certainly the most important river of Russia, but not the longest.
• Notice the huge rivers that flow from south to north across Siberia. These are among the biggest rivers in the world.
Mountains:•Caucasus (landform?)•Urals (landform?)
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What is the significance of each?
Baltic Sea
Black Sea
Caspian Sea
Aral Sea
Lake Baikal
Arctic Ocean
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The Former Soviet Union
The former Soviet Union consisted of fifteen republics. It is easier to learn them if you group them. Each group of countries constitutes a distinctive subregion.
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Baltic States
The Baltic States – Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania – lie on the Baltic Sea. Remember that they are in alphabetical order from north to south. Kaliningrad, which lies west of Lithuania, is an exclave of Russia.Source:
http://www.mythinglinks.org/euro~east~baltics.html
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European Republics
These three republics lie between Europe to the west and Russia to the east, the Baltic States to the north and the Black Sea to the South. Note that Belarus and Moldova are landlocked.
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Caucasus Republics
These three republics lie between the Black Sea to the west and the Caspian Sea to the east, Russia to the north and Turkey and Iran to the South. Note that Armenia is landlocked, while Georgia fronts the Black Sea and Azerbaijan fronts the Caspian.Source:
http://chechen.8m.com/cgi-bin/i/maps/caucasus_zoom_map.gif
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Central Asian Republics
These five republics – Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan – lie between the Caspian Sea to the west and the China to the east, Russia to the north and Iran and Afghanistan to the South. Note that all but Kazakhstan and Turkmenistan are land-locked. K UK TTSource:
http://www.usaid.gov/locations/europe_eurasia/car/images/ciacars1.jpg
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Here’s a little different view of the tectonic plates. What are the 3 types of tectonic plates. Describe the location of each that affect either Europe or the former Soviet region. What areas are the most tectonically active?
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What landform is best associated with plate boundaries?
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Landforms
• Alpine • Remnant Mountains• Isolated Volcanic Landform• Laurasian Shield• Rifted Shield• Sedimentary Cover – North European Plain vs. Siberia
What rock types, minerals and soils are associated with each?
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Note: These two maps do NOT use the same numbering schemes. What are the different landforms?
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Climates
Western Europe has west coast mid-latitude climates.About 20°E (central Poland), you move into east coast mid-latitude climates.
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West-Coast Climates Mediterranean:
- Where?
- Temperature and precipitation patterns?
- Agriculture?
Marine West Coast:- Where?- Temperature and
precipitation patterns?- Agriculture?
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Western Europe is relatively warmth despite its northerly location. Why?
![Page 29: Europe and the Russian Zone A Quick Review. Europe -- Definition There are many definitions of Europe. The textbook has one, the Coloring Book has one,](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022051401/56649ce25503460f949ae25e/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Western Europe is relatively warmth
despite its northerly location. Why?
North Atlantic Drift
Lots of peninsulas mean more proximity to moderating influence of water.
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The Russia Zone does not enjoy these advantages. What will be the result of
that?
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Why do the Mediterranean and Marine West Coast Climates Extend So Far Inland Compared to North
America??
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East-CoastEast-Coast ClimatesClimates
Humid Subtropical
- Where? - Temperature and precipitation patterns?
- Agriculture?
Humid Continental- Where? -Temperature and precipitation patterns?- Agricutlure?
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Subarctic
- Where? -Temperature and precipitation patterns?- Agriculture? -Natural Vegetation?
Tundra
- Where? -Temperature and precipitation patterns?- Agriculture? -Natural Vegetation?
Northern Climates
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Other Climates
Undifferentiated Highland- Where?- Temperature and precipitation patterns?- Agriculture?
Steppe- Where? - Temperature and precipitation patterns?- Agriculture? Russian Steppes
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North European Plain vs. Siberia
The North European Plain is an agriculturally productive, densely populated region, that has been a major thoroughfare through history. Siberia, though mineral-rich, is sparsely populated and very difficult to traverse. What’s the difference?
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What are the climates?
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What factors best explain birth rates?
What factors best explain death rates?
What is the main direction of voluntary immigration?
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Central Asia has a crude birth rate of 23 and a crude death rate of 8. What is its RNI? What is its doubling
time?
Russia has a crude birth rate of 10 and a crude death rate of 15. What is its RNI? What is its doubling time?
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What factors predict wealth?
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Europe has a per capita GDP of about $27,000. The richest 10% of the
population controls about 25.2% of the wealth. The poorest controls about 3%. What is the per capita
GDP of the poorest 90%?
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What factors predict arithmetic population density?
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Belarus has about 10 million people living in 200,000 square kilometers. 30% of the land is arable. What is its arithmetic
population density? What is its physiological population density?
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What do most of the people of Europe do for a living?
What do people of the Russia zone do for a living?
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What is the spatial link between language and religion in Europe?
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What is the Slavic Coreland? What forms the boundaries of the
Coreland?
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What religion and language family dominate the Coreland?
Describe the distribution of languages and religions outside
the Coreland?
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Major Events:Medieval Agricultural Revolution
Introduction of PaperBubonic PlaguePrinting Press
Columbian ExchangeProtestant Reformation
Century of Religious WarsIndustrial Revolution
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European Union
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Slavs, VikingsByzantine Influence
Mongols/TatarsGrowth of Russian Empire
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Czarist RussiaEnslavement of Serfs
Opportunities/Threats of European Plain
Russo-Japanese War, WWI Rise of Soviet Union
Drawing BordersWWII & Cold War
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Successes/FailuresRole of Oil
Collapse of Soviet UnionBalkanization & Ethnic
CleansingOssetians
Rise of Militant Islam