eter shengelia disertacia-2014 - nplg · fexsacmeli~. dida gag moc tani do kucxisa (xubua 1937, 82)...

ivane javaxiSvilis saxelobis Tbilisis saxelmwifo universiteti

humanitarul mecnierebaTa fakulteti

qarTveluri enaTmecnierebaqarTveluri enaTmecnierebaqarTveluri enaTmecnierebaqarTveluri enaTmecniereba

eTer Sengelia

samoselTan dakavSirebuli leqsika megrulsamoselTan dakavSirebuli leqsika megrulsamoselTan dakavSirebuli leqsika megrulsamoselTan dakavSirebuli leqsika megrul----lazurSilazurSilazurSilazurSi

(istoriul(istoriul(istoriul(istoriul----SedarebiTi analizi)SedarebiTi analizi)SedarebiTi analizi)SedarebiTi analizi)

filologiis doqtoris (Ph. D.) akademiuri xarisxis mosapoveblad warmodgenili

d i s e r t a c i a

samecniero xelmZRvaneli: filologiis mecnierebaTa doqtori,

Tsu asoc. profesori merab Cuxua

Tbilisi

2014

2

Sesavali

winamdebare naSromi miznad isaxavs, warmoaCinos samoselTan

dakavSirebuli ZiriTadi leqsikuri erTeulebi megrul-lazurSi;

gamoavlinos sakuTriv megrul-lazuri enobrivi monacemebi; gamoiyos is

leqsemebi, romlebsac Sesatyvisebi moepoveba sxva qarTvelur enasa Tu

dialeqtebSi; Seiswavlos dialeqtebSi megrul-lazuridan gasuli da,

piriqiT, dialeqtebidan megrul-lazurSi SeTvisebuli, ucxo enebidan

damkvidrebuli an qarTveluridan sxva enebSi gasuli leqsikuri

erTeulebi.

enis ZiriTadi leqsikuri fondis asaxva, misi Seswavla metad

mniSvnelovani da aqtualuri sakiTxia leqsikologiisaTvis da, saerTod,

enisa da eris istoriisaTvis.

leqsikis dargobrivad Seswavlis meTods garkveuli upiratesoba

eniWeba, ramdenadac ama Tu im dargis Tanmimdevrulad aRwera meti

sisruliT gamoavlens leqsikas, daazustebs leqsikur erTeulTa

mniSvnelobebs da saTanado adgils miuCens maT terminologiuri

TvalsazrisiT, radganac warmodgenili saanalizo masala erT-erTi

saintereso ubania qarTveluri erovnuli Cacmulobisa da im wes-

Cveulebebis Sesaswavlad, romlebic samosels ukavSirdeba.

leqsikis amgvari aRwera saintereso da faseulia eTnografiuli

TvalsazrisiTac.

winamdebare naSromi, enaTmecnieruli TvalsazrisiT, samoselTan

dakavSirebuli leqsikis monografiulad Seswavlis pirvel cdas

warmoadgens.

leqsikis dargobrivi Seswavla mniSvnelovania konkretul sityvaTa

Zireuli da meoreuli mniSvnelobebisa da enis leqsikuri fondis

Sevsebis TvalsazrisiT.

leqsikis dargobriv Seswavlas awarmoebdnen eTnografebic, cxadia, ara

enaTmecnieruli kuTxiT. gasaTvaliswinebelia is garemoeba, rom

eTnografiul monacemebze damyarebiT leqsikis dajgufeba saTanado

kulturuli wris suraTs iZleva, ramdenadac es kultura leqsikaSia

3

asaxuli. ra Tqma unda, amgvari dajgufeba, rogorc b. foCxua aRniSnavs,

`gareenobrivia~ (foCxua 1974, 240). amdenad, mniSvnelovania eTnografiuli

masalis gaTvaliswinebiT, dargobrivi, am SemTxvevaSi, samoselTan

dakavSirebuli leqsikis sakuTriv enaTmecnieruli TvalsazrisiT

Seswavla, romelic gansazRvravs, erTi mxriv, specialur leqsikasa da

saerTo enas Soris arsebul urTierTobas da, meore mxriv, warmodgenili

masalis adgils qarTuli enis istoriaSi.

sakiTxis Seswavlis istoriisaTvis mniSvnelovania iv. javaxiSvilis, i.

ciciSvilis, n. CofikaSvilis, osman beis, g. yazbegis, a. lambertis, m.

vaniliSis, a. Tandilavasa da sxvaTa gamokvlevebi Tu eTnografiuli

Canawerebi, romlebic mniSvnelovan wyaros warmoadgenen calkeul

sityvaTa ganmartebisa Tu istoriisaTvis.

iv. javaxiSvili aRniSnavs, rom samoslis istoriis dasadgenad

eTnografiul monacemebTan erTad arsebiTia misi enaTmecnieruli

Seswavla. am mxriv, sayuradReboa l. biniaSvilis sadisertacio naSromi:

`samoslis aRmniSvneli leqsika Zvel qarTulSi~. saerToqarTuli

viTarebis gamosavlenad, vfiqrobT, warmodgenili naSromic, `samoselTan

dakavSirebuli leqsika megrul-lazurSi~, garkveul wvlils Seitans

qarTuli samoslis istoriis Seswavlasa da misi enaTmecnieruli

TvalsazrisiT kvlevis saqmeSi.

naSromSi ganxiluli masalis wyaros warmoadgens specialur

literaturaSi arsebuli monacemebi, kerZod, ivane javaxiSvilis

`masalebi saqarTvelos Sinamrewvelobisa da xelosnobis istoriisaTvis~,

gamocemuli teqstebi, leqsikonebi, eTnografiuli masalebi, lazuri

dialeqtis saleqsikono fondi (daculi arn. Ciqobavas saxelobis

enaTmecnierebis institutSi), ucxoel mogzaurTa aRwerilobebsa da

gamokvlevebSi moZiebuli leqsikuri erTeulebi. amasTanave, 2004 wlidan

disertaciis avtoris mier samegrelosa (Cxorowyus, martvilis, senakis,

walenjixis, zugdidis, xobis, abaSis, qalaq foTis) da lazeTSi

(xelvaCauris raionis sarfis Temsa da TurqeTis SemadgenlobaSi

arsebuli istoriuli lazeTis teritoriaze _ xofaSi, arqabesa da

viweSi) savele samuSaoebis Sedegad mopovebuli samoselTan da

4

SinamrewvelobasTan dakavSirebuli leqsikuri erTeulebi da saTanado

zepirsityvierebis nimuSebi.

disertaciaSi SeZlebisdagvarad srulad aRiwera samoselTan

dakavSirebuli leqsika megrul-lazurSi. samoselSi ganvixilavT:

tanisamoss, Tavsaburavs, fexsamoss; Cacma-gaxdis, masalis aRmniSvnel

Tematur jgufebs.

naSromSi gamoiyo sami Tavi:

I Tavi _ samoseli;

II Tavi _ samoslis CacmasTan da gaxdasTan dakavSirebuli sityvebi;

III Tavi _ samoselTan dakavSirebuli megrul-lazuri leqsika

frazeologizmebSi.

TiToeul TavSi gamoiyo qveTavebi da paragrafebi semantikuri

jgufebis mixedviT.

samoselTan dakavSirebuli leqsika Tematurad aris gaanalizebuli.

naSromSi yuradReba gamaxvilebulia sityvis mxolod im mniSvnelobaze an

mniSvnelobebze, romlebic samoslis Tematur jgufSi Semodis, sxva

mniSvnelobebi ki amjerad gaTvaliswinebuli ar aris.

megrul-lazuri erTeulebi cal-calke aris ganxiluli. saanalizo

saxelebi warmodgenilia saxelobiTi brunvis formiT, zmnuri erTeulebi

ki mocemulia masdarisa an piriani formiT.

masala semantikuri jgufis SigniT ganvixileT struqturuli da

istoriul-SedarebiTi TvalsazrisiT, raTa semantikuri erTianoba ar

darRveuliyo.

Cven mier mopovebuli masala teqstSi miTiTebulia: Cveni masala.

5

Tavi I

samoseli

iv. javaxiSvili sagangebod msjelobs samoslis saxeobebis Sesaxeb.

misi SexedulebiT, SeiZleba gamoiyos tanisamosis jgufebi: `yovlis

rigis tanisamosi (yovelgvari tanisamosi). e. i. aq Sedis daniSnulebis

mixedviT: qalis, kacis, bavSvis, queSeTi sacmeli, samoseli zeiT;

samoseli gansxvavdeboda adgilmdebareobis mixedviT: SigniTa, gareTa,

weliwadis droisa da siTbo-sicivis mixedviT, saSinao, sagareo, samuSao

da uqme dReebSi Casacmeli, samoseli qvrivobisa, patiosani, Sesaferisi

da kargi Cacma, sxvadasxva wodebisa da socialuri mdgomareobis

pirTaTvis gankuTvnili tanisamosi: samefo, sadedoflo da mefis

moxeleTa tanisamosi. iyo agreTve savaWro − vaWarTaTvis, Semdeg e. w.

monaTa tanisamosi, mogzaurTa anu saRaribo tanisamosi da asakis

mixedviT dajgufebuli~ (masalebi 1962, 85).

SesavalSi aRvniSneT, rom samosels ganvixilavT sami aspeqtis

mixedviT: tanisamosi, fexsamosi, Tavsaburavi. iv. javaxiSvilis mocemuli

klasifikacis gaTvaliswinebiT, miviCnieT, I TavSi, romelic exeba

samosels zogadad, gamogveyo eqvsi qveTavi Sesabamisi paragrafebiT.

I qveTavi

tanisamosi

mocemul qveTavSi ganvixilavT tanisamosis saxelwodebebs zogadad,

konkretul saxeobebs, samosels adgilmdebareobisa da daniSnulebis

mixedviT, romlebic ganawilebulia saTanado paragrafebSi:

$ 1. 1. 1. 1. tanisamosis aRmniSvneli zogadi saxelebi

am jgufSi gaerTianebulia megrul-lazuri leqsikuri erTeulebi,

romlebic tanisamosis zogad saxelwodebas warmoadgenen. masala

6

gamovlenilia rogorc megrulSi, aseve lazurSi warmodgenilia, rogorc

qarTveluri, aseve nasesxebi leqsika.

megruli

megr. barg-i 1) `tansacmeli~. bargi oko q�mkiqune, muTa goxvar metia

`tansacmeli unda Caicva, araferi giSvelis metio~. 2) `bargi, qoneba~

TuTaSa difrTuqu do bargi kirilo q�dmoxvamileva `Tvemde davbrundebi

da bargi (qoneba) Sekruli damaxvedreo (wasaRebad)~ (qajaia I, 2001).

dasturdeba am fuZidan nawarmoebi sxva formac: bargobua `Casacmeli

zogadad~ (qajaia IV, 2009). (ix. laz. barg-). barg-i qarTulSic gvxvdeba am

mniSvnelobiT: 1. moZravi qoneba (qveSagebi, aveji da misT.); 2. tvirTi; 3.

gadat. mziTvad gatanebuli qveSagebi, tanisamosi, aveji (qegli I, 2008).

T. saxokia aRniSnavs, rom megrulSi tanisamosis mniSvnelobiT bargs

iyeneben zugdidisa da samurzayanosken. am TvalsazrisiT mas

samegreloSi sxvagan ar xmaroben, iseve rogorc saqarTvelos sxva

nawilebSia daviwyebuli~ (saxokia 1979, 66). megrulSi es fuZe

warmodgenilia rTuli fuZis Semadgenel nawilad: barg��-barxana, Sdr.

qarT. bargi-barxana `nair-nairi bargi, yovelgvari bargi~ (qegli I, 2008).

igive Ziri rTuli fuZis Semadgenel nawilad dasturdeba TuSurSi,

sadac: barg-band�� `Zvelmani, bargibarxana~ (cocaniZe 2012). gvxvdeba

xevsurulSic: martivi barg-i `tvirTi~ da rTuli sityvis Semadgenel

nawilad barg-bandi `barg-barxana~ (WinWarauli 2005).

amrigad, megrulisgan gansxvavebiT, dialeqtebSi barg-s tansacmlis

mniSvneloba ara aqvs, saliteraturo qarTulSi mxolod gadataniT

niSnavs tansacmels.

barg- fuZes aqvs zmnuri mniSvnelobac: megr. a-barg-eba ìZuleba, rom

abargdes~ (qajaia IV, 2009). erT-erTi mTqmelisagan CaviwereT: e-barg-eb-a ||

e-barg-af-a òjaxidan wasvla Zirfesvianad~. a. qobaliasTan dasturdeba

paraleluri forma e-barg-in-i àbargeba, abanakeba~ (qobalia 2010).

zmnuri mniSvnelobiT qarTulSic gvxvdeba: barg- (a-barg-d-eb-a) `bargs

aikravs, wasasvlelad moemzadeba~ (qegli I, 2008).

7

saanalizo sityvis istoriisaTvis mniSvnelovania v. abaevis Sexeduleba.

is qarT. barg- fuZes adarebs os. twarğ ğ ğ ğ `tvirTi, sapalne~, spars. fal. b��r

`tvirTi~, spars. xarv��r r r r `viris sapalne~ (abaevi IV, 1989, 49). aRniSnul fuZes

dasaxelebul enebSi tansacmlis mniSvneloba ar udasturdeba. SeiZleba

es mniSvneloba qarTul niadagzea ganviTarebuli. rogorc Cans, barg-

fuZe megrulSi saliteraturo enis meSveobiT aris Sesuli.

megr. mikaqvenj-i (mika-qven-j-i) `Casacmeli~ || tanmikoqvenj-i (tan-miko-

qven-j-i) (qajaia II, 2002). (SeiZleba am formiTac iyos: tan�-miko-qven-j-i) ||

tan-mikoqvenj-i (tan-miko-qven-j-i) || tan-mukoqvenj-i (tan-muko-qven-j-i)

`tanisamosi~ (qobalia 2010) || mukoqvenj-i (muko-qven-j-i) || mukoqunal-i

(muko-quna-l-i) `tansacmeli~ (fifia 2008) || megr. mukaqunal-i (muka-qun-al-

i) ← *mukooqunal-i (*mukoo-qun-al-i) (qajaia II, 2002); megr. mukaqunal-i

(muka-qun-al-i) `tansacmeli, Cacmuloba~ (qobalia 2010). Cveni masalis

mixedviT, es formac dasturdeba: m��kaqunal-i (m�ka-qun-al-i).

gaanalizebuli fuZeebi nawarmoebia zmnuri qun- || qv- `Cacma~ Zirisagan.

maT Soris gamoiyofa martivi da rTuli fuZeebi. martivi: mika-qven-j-i ||

muko-qven-j-i, sadac mika- || muko- rTuli zmniswinebia, qven- Ziri, -j ki –

sufiqsi. muko-qun-al-i || muka-qun-al-i ← mukoo-qun-al-i – momavali

drois vnebiTi gvaris mimReobebia. aqac SeiZleba gamoiyos rTuli

zmniswinebi: muko- || muka- ← ← ← ← mukoo-, qun- Ziri da mimReobis mawarmoebeli –

al sufiqsi, xolo kompozitebSi, tan-miko-qven-j-i || tan-muko-qven-j-i,

SeiZleba gamoiyos martivi tan- `tani~ da nawarmoebi miko-qvej- || muko-

qven-j-, romlebic daiSleba zemoT mocemuli fuZeebis msgavsad.

zogadi mniSvnelobisaa, agreTve, qun- Zirisagan nawarmoebi megr.

daqunal-i (da-qun-al-i) `dasaTbunebeli, dasaburi, dasaxuri (qveSagebi)~

(qobalia 2010). es leqsema Tbil mosacmelsac niSnavs. mocemuli erTeuli

struqturulad momavali drois mimReobaa.

samecniero literaturis Tanaxmad, saanalizo sityva

saerToqarTveluri fuZea: qarT. sarqvel-i || Zv. qarT. sarq��el-i *sa-r-qv-

el-i || sa-r-qu-el-i `Wuris pirsafari~ SeiZleba daukavSirdes: megr. qun-

(qimkaqunu) `Caacva, daaxura~, mikaqunal-i || mukoqunal-i `tanisamosi~,

8

ginoqvenj-i `wamosasxami~ : Wan. qun- (qodoloqunu) `Caacva~, doloqunu

`tanisamosi~ : svan. q��---- (�Tq�em) `Cacma~, le-req�� `tanisamosi~ (Ciqobava 1938,

177, 341-342; rogava 1962, 93-94; JRenti 1956, 103; Tofuria 1979, 269).

megr. omorsal-i || omosal-i || gamorsal-i (o-mors-al-i || o-mosa-l-i || ga-

mors-al-i) `samoseli, Sesamoseli~ (es forma gamocemul megrul

wyaroebSi ver davadastureT), romelic nawarmoebia `Cacmis, Semosvis~

aRmniSvneli mors- || mos- Zirisagan (amis Sesaxeb ix. megr. mors- || mos-

ZirTan, gv. 113).

megr. talavar-i `tansacmeli (zogadad)~. (gamocemul wyaroebSi ver

davadastureT). gadataniT niSnavs `Zvirfass~: koCi vari talavari rdua

(Cveni masala) `Zvirfasi adamiani iyo~. qarTulSic dasturdeba talavar-i

Zv. `tanisamosi, tansacmeli~ (qegli VI, 1961), gvxvdeba dialeqtebSic. Sdr.

TuS. talavar�� `tansacmeli, morTuloba~ (cocaniZe 2012), xevs. talavar-i

`tanisamosi~, talavar-n-i `micvalebulis sikvdilis Semdeg mis

tansacmels Caawyoben loginSi. zogjer am tanisamoss gamoitanen gareT

da dastirian. amas ewodeba talavarni~ (WinWarauli 2005).

megr. tan(i) do kuCx-i 1) `tani da fexi~ || 2) gadat. `tansacmeli da

fexsacmeli~. dida gag�moC� tani do kuCxiSa (xubua 1937, 82) `deda gayida

Casacmelze (tansa da fexze)~. sainteresoa TuSuri monacemi, sadac tan��

`daCiTuli naqsovis fons~ aRniSnavs (cocaniZe 2012).

megr. tanisamos-i `tansacmeli~ (Waraia 1997). Sdr. javax. taisamos-i

`tanisamosi~ (beriZe 1981). mocemul formaSi fuZiseuli n dakargulia.

vfiqrobT, es fuZe megrulSi qarTulis meSveobiT aris damkvidrebuli.

lazuri

laz. doloqunu (dolo-qun-u) `tansacmeli~ (zogadad) (ix. Cacmis

mniSvnelobiTac) || doloqunale (dolo-qun-al-e) `Casacmeli~ || doloquni

(dolo-qun-i) `tansacmeli~ (Tandilava 2013). dolo-qun-u da dolo-qun-i

warmoqmnili sityvebia, qun- `Cacma~ Ziridan nawarmoebi, dolo- rTuli

zmniswinia qarTuli `Ca~-s mniSvnelobiT. –e da –i saxelobiTi brunvis

niSnebi, dolo-qun-al-e momavali drois vnebiTi gvaris mimReobaa. dolo-

9

qun-u nazmnari saxelia, -u sawyisis mawarmoebelia. rogorc zemoT

aRvniSneT, is saerToqarTveluri fuZea (mis warmomavlobasTan

dakavSirebiT ix. megr. mikaqvenj-i). Sdr. kaTandReri doloquna (furt.)

`yoveldRiuri samosi~ (uzunhasanoRlu, bujakliSi, aleqsiva 2007).

zogadi mniSvnelobiT lazurSi dasturdeba qun- Ziridan nawarmoebi

dolo-qun-u-Si (dolo-qunu-Si) `(saxeldaxelod) Casacmeli~, zedmiw.

`Casacmlisa~ (Cveni masala). igi warmoSobiT aris nanaTesaobiTari saxeli,

-Si – naTesaobiTi brunvis mawarmoebeli.

laz. uruba `tansacmeli~ (arab.-Turq. uruba) (Tandilava 2013).

$ 2. tanisamosis saxeobebi

tanisamosis saxeobebze saubrisas mniSvnelovania samegrelosa da

lazeTSi mogzaurTa Tu mkvlevarTa cnobebi iqaur mkvidrTa Cacmulobis

Sesaxeb, ris mixedviTac maTTvis damaxasiaTebel samoselsa da

Cacmulobas vecnobiT. sayuradReboa osman beis mier lazebis Cacmulobis

aRwera. misi SexedulebiT, `lazebis tanTCacmuloba TiTqmis ar

gansxvavdeba aWarul-gurulisagan. lazur Cacmulobas SenarCunebuli

aqvs mxedruli xasiaTi: fexebze mWidrod gawyobili muqi feris

Salisagan Sekerili Sarvali, mokle da viwro zedatani imave qsovilisa.

zedatans wina mxareze aqvs ori saqile (vaznebisaTvis), welze

Semoxveuli aqvs abreSumis sartyeli, xolo Tavze ―yabalaxi. mxarze

atareben grZel Tofs, romlis kondaxi Semkulia mosevadebuli vercxliT

xanjali Cerqezulis magvari hkidiaT~ (osman-bei 1874, 364).

lazebis Cacmulobis gasacnobad mniSvnelovania giorgi yazbegis

Canawerebi. is ase axasiaTebs xofel lazebs: `maTi tansacmeli gurulsa

da aWaruls emsgavseba ... xofas, gansakuTrebiT orTa-xofas midamo,

ulamazesi kuTxea. aqauri mosaxleobac silamaziTa da koxta

tansacmliT gamoirCeva~ (yazbegi 1878, 133). `Cven gvxvdebodnen bazarSi

mimavali qalebi, Wreli sadResaswaulo tansacmliT gamowyobilni,

qalebs tvirTi kalTebiT mihqondaT. Txel pirbadeSi (Cadri) gamokrToda

aqauri qalebis cnobismoyvare Tvalebi~ (yazbegi, 1878, 107).

10

tanisamosis saxeobebSi ganvixilavT samoslis gaudiferencirebel

saxeebs, romlebic ar aris gansazRvruli adgilmdebareobis mixedviT (am

SemTxvevaSi igulisxmeba SigniTa, qveda Tu zeda samosi).

megr. birdu-bardu `Zveli, ugvani, Seuferebeli tansacmeli~. birdu-

bardu `abdaubda~ (qobalia 2010). is agebulebiT kompozitia.

megr. gadidul-i `xamis (Txeli xamis) kaba, zeda da qveda weli

erTmaneTTan SeerTebuli~ (Wanturias arqivi, # 434). vfiqrobT, is

warmoqmnili sityvaa. SeiZleba daiyos amgvarad: *ga-did-ul-i e. i.

*`gadidebuli~. Cans, nawarmoebia did- `didi~ Zirisagan da aris warsuli

drois, vnebiTi gvaris mimReoba, sadac SeiZleba gamoiyos ga- zmniswini

da –ul mawarmoebeli.

megr. elamosa `abreSumis kaba~ (daraiasi, iisferi). SeiZleba is

warmoqmnili sityvaa, sadac ela zmniswini unda iyos (Wanturias arqivi, #

434).

megr. kaba `kaba; axaluxi~ (Coxis qveS Casacmeli). Sdr. kabam-i `kabiani,

axaluxiani~ (qajaia II, 2002).

samecniero literaturaSi kabis warmomavlobis Sesaxeb aseTi

Sexeduleba arsebobs:

megr. kabas p. Waraia sparsulad miiCnevs (Waraia 1997). kaba svanurSic

dasturdeba kab formiT, romelic v. Tofurias SexedulebiT, qarTulidan

aris Sesuli (Tofuria 2002, 14).

g. wereTlis azriT, qarT. kaba ← arab. qabā `kaba (mamakacis xalaTi)

`xalaTi~, sadac is Sesulia ← spars. qabāh (wereTeli 1951; wereTeli 1992,

91). m. andronikaSvilis azriT, kaba uSualod sparsulidan aris

Semosuli qarTulSi da aqedan aris damkvidrebuli megrulSi

(andronikaSvili 1966, 207). maSasadame, qarT. kaba ← spars. kabā → → → → zan.

(megr.) kaba `qalis an kacis zeda samosi.

sityvis istoriisaTvis mniSvnelovania v. abaevis Sexeduleba. osurSi

dasturdeba �aba �aba �aba �aba `qalis kaba~, romelic mkvlevars qarTulidan Sesulad

miaCnia, xolo qarTuli kaba arabul-sparsul �ab�ab�ab�ab��-dan, rac niSnavs: `zeda

samosi, mosasxami (kaba, Coxa, mantia)~ (abaevi 1958, 615 ).

11

i. yifSiZe iziarebs, rom qarT. kaba momdinareobs spars. ��b��b��b��b��---- dan

(yifSiZe 1994, 453).

sayuradReboa iv. javaxiSvilis msjeloba mocemul sakiTxTan

dakavSirebiT. misi azriT, qarT. kaba `zeviTi tanisamosi~ ← ax. spars.

kaba-dan `zeiTi tanisamosi bewviani~, Sdr. Zv. berZn. kabadio `aRmosavluri

tansacmeli~, berZn. kabbadion `zeviTi tansacmeli sparsuli yaidisa~

(masalebi 1962, 30, 60, 79).

i. ciciSvilic msjelobs am sityvasTan dakavSirebiT da aRniSnavs, rom

`kaba orive sqesis zeda samosis saxelwodebaa, is gvxvdeba XII-XIII

saukuneebis ZeglebSi: `vefxistyaosanSi~, `amiran-darejanianSi~ da `vis-

ramianSi~. mkvlevari miuTiTebs, rom qalis zeda samoselsac kaba ewodeba.

amas Cvenamde moRweuli XVII-XVIII saukuneebis `mziTvis wignebic~

amowmeben da eTnografiuli monacemebic; is miuTiTebs, rom kaba arab.

warmoSobisaa, gamoiTqmis samgvarad: yaba/aba/kaba qarTulSi samive forma

daculia (ciciSvili 1954, 52, 55-57).

mkvlevarTa Sexedulebebidan gamomdinare, megrulSi kaba Sesulia

qarTulidan, qarTulSi ki, zogis varaudiT, uSualod sparsulidan aris

Sesuli, zogis azriT, ki – sparsulis gziT aris gasuli arabulSi da

misi meSveobiT qarTulSi, aqedan ki – osurSi.

megrulSi dasturdeba kapot-i `kaba~ (qobalia 2010). zogierTi

mTqmelis azriT, es aris `mTliani kaba~, zogierTma ki ase ganmarta:

kapoti re kaba do eSeiani || (rubaSka) `kapoti aris kaba (qvedabolo) da

zeda (tanzemoT Casacmeli || perangi~. a. qobalia `megrul leqsikonSi~

aRniSnavs, rom mocemuli sityva rusul koftidan momdinareobs. Cven ki

gamovTqvamT varauds, rom saanalizo fuZeSi SeiZleba gamoiyos -ot

sufiqsi, romelic safiqrebelia, iyos qarT. -ot sufiqsis daniSnulebiT,

romlis Sesaxebac samecniero literaturidan cnobilia: `-ot sufiqsi

awarmoebs saxelis kninobiT formas. mag., kinW-ot-i `Tonidan puris

amosaRebi kaviani Samfuri (rkinisa)~ (jorbenaZe, kobaiZe, beriZe 1988, 354).

SesaZloa, fuZeze -ot sufiqsis darTvam gamoiwvia fuZiseuli a-s dakargva

da sufiqsiseulma mkveTrma t-m gaamkveTra b da, Sesabamisad, *kap-ot- ←

kab-ot- ←kaba-ot-). es sityva gvxvdeba lazurSic.

12

megrulSi dasturdeba no- winaviTarebis prefiqsiT (romelic fardia

qarT. na- prefiqsisa) da -ia kninobiTobis, Tvisebis an msgavsebis

mawarmoebeli sufiqsiT nawarmoebi no-kab-ia èrTi Zveli, gasacodavebuli

kaba~ (qobalia 2010).

kaba SeiZleba iyos sxvadasxva saxisa. am mxriv megruli masala sakmaod

mdidaria. akaki Wanturia gamoyofs kabis saxeebs: movis, salamarjis

`moxatuli qsovilis~, Ji do Tudoiani `qvedabolo da zedatani~,

kudelami `kudiani, boloiani~, xabardam-i `mavTulebiani, Sesakravebiani~,

Ji do Tudo arTo taniSa mo��unafili frialefiT `tanzegamoyvanili,

morTuli kaba~ (Wanturias arqivi, # 434).

megr. koroxiS-i kaba `Zvirfasi abreSumis kaba~ (Wanturias arqivi, #

434).

megr. laguj-i (xarTa) `cxvrisa da Txis tyavisagan gakeTebuli xalTa,

tyapuWi~. oqro-varCxiliT� efSa Tqvan(i) laguji do xarTa òqro-

vercxliT savse Tqveni guda da xalTa~ (qajaia II, 2002); àmgvarive

tyavisagan gakeTebuli tansacmeli~ (Waraia 1997). samecniero

literaturaSi arsebobs mosazreba, rom zan. (megr.) {guj-}, laguj-i

`sazurge tomara, daumuSavebeli cxvris an Txis tyavisagan~ momdinareobs

goj-i fuZidan (Cuxua 2002-2003, 77).

megr. lobidani `kaba zolebiani, Cinuri xelovnebis, Zvirfasi,

foTlebiani~ (Wanturias arqivi, # 434).

megr. palto, qarT. palto [fran. ppaletot] zevidan Casacmeli grZeli,

saxeloebiani samoseli. zamTris palto. _ sazafxulo palto. _ darbazSi

aiSalnen, ... yvela gaCqarebiT icvamda paltosa (s. mgalob.). qalma ...

gaixada palto, dakida (a. bel.) (qegli VI, 1960).

megr. plaS-i (Cveni masala). Sdr. qarT. plaSC-i (rus. плащ) 1)

usaxeloebo ganieri zeda tansacmeli (wamosasxami); 2) `sawvimari palto~

(qegli VI, 1960).

megr. Jaket-i, qarT. Jaket-i (frang. jaquette rus. enis meSveobiT) `qalis

mokle zeda tansacmeli (wamosasxami)~; 2) `sawvimari palto~ (qegli VI,

1960).

13

megr. sak��d��ro || sakidiro `samkerde, Casacmlis saxeoba~. Tina

ila�afuduni, muSi oqroSi sak�d�roT `is rom TamaSobda Tavisi oqros

samkerduliT!~ (qajaia II, 2002). sak��d��ro lentiviT iyo farTo (masalebi

1983, 246). warmoqmnili sityvaa (sa-k��d��r-o || sa-kidir-o). vfiqrobT,

nawarmoebia k��d��r- || kidir- fuZeze qarTulidan SeTvisebuli sa-o

daniSnulebis prefiqs-sufiqsis darTviT.

megr. fafanak-i `fafanagi, - tanisamosi~ (qajaia III, 2002).

megr. qulaja `qurqisnairi tansacmeli qalisa, abreSumisgan keravdnen,

welze naoWebiani iyo, Zirs kurdRlis Tavs Semoayolebdnen~ (masalebi

1983, 242). Sdr. qarT. qulaja (qulajisa) [Turq. kulac `bewvi~] (qegli VII,

1962). rogorc Cans, sityva ucxo warmomavlobisaa, dasturdeba

saliteraturo qarTulSi da megrulSi, albaT, qarTulis gziT aris

damkvidrebuli.

megr. qurq-i `qurqi~ (masalebi 1983, 246). qarT. qurq-i (qurqisa) [Turq.

kurk] 1. adamianis zeda saTbilobeli samoseli bewveulisa; 2. bewviani

tyavi cxovelTa (qegli VII, 1962). is SesaZloa megrulSi qarTulis

meSveobiT aris damkvidrebuli (ix. laz. qurqi).

megr. RarT-i `Coxa~, `sawvimari nabadi~. mekvojini qemeurs,... RarTis

qemeuSxvarTuans `rom gavxede, midis,... Coxas miaqanavebs (miaSxvarTalebs)~

(yifSiZe 1994, 114). RarTs ukan yurebi hqonda da win gulze saqileebi

ekera. RarTs matylisgan qsovdnen, mamakacs RarTi ecva, perangic misi

hqonda (mamakacebs perangze kaba ecvaT da kabaze RarTi (Coxa). `RarTi

sayeloiani iyo. zogi RarTis gulispirs qargavda mwvane da wiTeli

ZafiT~ (masalebi 1983, 241). gvxvdeba rTuli sityvis Semadgenel nawilad:

uCaRarTam-i `gveli (uxseneblis tabuirebuli saxeli)~ (sityasityviT

`SavCoxiani~) (qobalia 2010). gvaqvs nawamoebi sityva RarT-am-i, rac niSnavs

`Coxosani~ da, agreTve, tabuirebuli saxelia uxseneblisa (qobalia 2010).

o. qajaia RarT-s ganmartavs rogorc `kacis zeda tansacmeli

maudisagan Sekerili~ (qajaia III, 2002). || RarTa. RarTa-RarTa `uxarisxo

tansacmeli (farTxalia)~ (ix. igive fuZe qsovilTan).

14

RarTi gvxvdeba SesityvebaSi: quni do RarTi `Coxa-nabadi~. RarTi do

kaba `Coxa-axaluxi~; RarTi do nabadi `Coxa-nabadi~; RarTi do Ziqva

`Coxa-Sarvali~; RarTiS kare `nabdis qoxi~ (qobalia 2010).

RarT-i dasturdeba sabasTan `sawvimari nabadi~ (orbeliani II, 1993).

axal qarTulSi `RarTi aris wamosasxami nabadi mwyemsisaTvis, gurul

dialeqtSi ki – `Sin moqsovili saCoxe~ (qegli VII, 1962).

saerTod, nabadi mosasxamebSi gavitaneT, magram radganac misi erT-erTi

mniSvneloba aris `kaba~, amitom aq ganvixileT.

megr. Sinel-i samoslis erT-erTi saxea. es sityva gamocemul teqstebSi

ver davadastureT. erT-erTma mTqmelma ganmarta, rogorc `nabadiviT

Tbili mosasxamiani palto~. qarTulSic gvxvdeba Sinel-i fuZe, romelic

rusulidan aris Semosuli. Sdr. rus. шинелъ 1. samxedro formis palto;

2. Zv. `zed wamosasxmeli~ (saba). (qegli V, 1958). albaT, aRniSnuli

erTeuli megrulSi qarTulis gziT aris SeTvisebuli rusulidan.

megr. Coxa `Coxa, Sali~ (Waraia 1997). CoxaSi Ziqva maaZudu `Salis

Sarvali ecva~ (qajaia III, 2002). CoxaSi `Razlisa, naqsovi, qsovili

(sazog.)~ (qobalia 2010). sabas ganmartebiT, Coxa || CoÃa `matylis samoseli

(sqeli)~ (orbeliani II, 1993).

sainteresoa Coxis aRweriloba, romelsac gvaZlevs iv. javaxiSvili. is

wers: `Coxa Sedgeboda ramdenime nawilisagan: ukana bedani (zurgi),

romelic welze SeiWreboda, wina ori bedani da kalTebi~. kalTebi

Sedgeboda oTxi an eqvsi naWrisagan. `Zvelad mamakacs ecva Coxa da

forCis perangi~. saCoxes qalebi qsovdnen, Coxa mokle icodnen,

muxlamdis, ukan naoWiani, saxeloebi ganieri hqonda, ikvreboda dugmebiT

(masalebi 1983, 242, 246). rogorc Cans, is samoselic aris da masalac.

Coxis istoriisaTvis mniSvnelovania i. ciciSvilis msjeloba, romelic

aRniSnavs: `Coxa XIX saukuneSi mamakacis zeda samoss ewodeboda. igi

zogjer Cerqezulis saxeliTac aRiniSneboda. Zvelad qarTulSi sityva

`Coxa~ orive sqesis ber-monazonTa samosels aRniSnavda. XIII, XVII, XVIII

saukuneebis cnobebis mixedviT, Coxa ewodeboda monazvnis zeda samoss,

kacisas Tu qalisas. Coxa qsovilis erT-erT saxeobadac miiCneoda~

(ciciSvili 1954, 58). mkvlevari dasZens: `Coxa~ sami gagebiT iyo naxmari: 1)

15

rogorc xalxuri zeda samosis erT-erTi saxe; 2) rogorc monazonTa

Sesamoseli da 3) rogorc qsovilis saxesxvaoba~ (ciciSvili 1954, 59).

d. CubinaSvili Coxa-s ase ganmartavs: maudi an drapi aqlemis

matylisagan nakeTebi, xolo, meore mxriv, rogorc zeda samosi

(CubinaSvili 1961, 85).

samecniero literaturaSi qarT. Coxa, Sedarebulia osur. cu��aaaa || co��aaaa

`Coxa~, spars. čuxčuxčuxčuxā `Salis zeda Casacmeli~, Turq. čuxčuxčuxčuxa, čučučuču��a, ččččoxa `maudi,

maudis tansacmeli~ fuZeebTan (abaevi 1958, 316).

megr. xalaT-i `xalaTi.~ musu loginc qiglujiru daraiaSi xalaTiT

`TviTon loginze wamowolila daraias xalaTiT~ (qajaia III, 2002). Sdr.

qarT. xalaT-i, romelsac udasturdeba ramdenime mniSvneloba: 1.

aRmosavluri grZeli da farTo zeda Casacmeli; 2. grZeli xalvaTi

saSinao Casacmeli; 3. tansacmels zemodan Casacmeli samosi (sisufTavis

dasacavad); 4. mamakacis zeda tansacmeli, romelzedac qamars irtyamen, _

bluzi; 5. rTuli fuZis meore Semadgeneli nawili. specxalaTi. Sarval-

xalaTi (qegli VIII, 1964).

iv. javaxiSvili aRniSnavs, rom qarT. xalaT-i momdinareobs

sparsulidan. Sdr. spars. chal’at. misi azriT, es sityva Semodis jer

rogorc tanisamosis, Semdeg ki sparsi da osmali mebatoneebisgan

saCuqris anu wyalobis mniSvnelobiT (masalebi 1962, 115).

sparsuli warmomavlobis xalaT-i sityva SeiZleba megrulSi qarTulis

gziT aris damkvidrebuli.

megr. jigania `tyav-kaba; amtani~ (qobalia 2010). Sdr. igive gvarsaxeli

samurzayanul megrulSi.

tanisamosis saxeobebTan SeiZleba ganvixiloT xelTaTmani. megr. xeSi

TaTman-i (qobalia 2010) || xeS��TaTman-i `xelTaTmani~. igi SeiZleba iyos:

kiTam-i `TiTiani~ (kiT-i `TiTi~ + -am qonebis mawarmoebeli sufiqsi). Sdr.

TuS. TaTman�� `uTiTo xelTaTmani~ (cocaniZe 2002).

xelTaTmanis mniSvnelobiT m. Cuxuas gamovlenili aqvs

saerToqarTveluri fuZe: zan. {quj-i}`xelTaTmani~, romelic Seesatyviseba

: qarT. (TuS.) qur-o `xelTaTmani~ (qur-o `aris orTave ÃelTa

16

Sesayofeli farTo bewviani siTbosaTvis~ (saba) : svan. q��j (zs), q��aj

(lSx.) `saxeluri (kota, maWo)~ (Cuxua 2000-2003, 258).

lazuri

laz. atket-i (aTin.), aklet-i (furt.), akleT-i (viw.), `perangi~ (Turq. atlet)

(uzunhasanoRlu, bujakliSi, aleqsiva 2007).

laz. elbise `kaba, tanisamosi, Casacmeli~ (Tandilava 2013).

elbisefemuSi donaxu `misi tansacmlebi garecxa~ (Ciqobava 1936, 97). es

sityva TurqulSic dasturdeba, Sdr. Turq. elbise. SeiZleba is

Turqulidan aris Sesuli lazurSi.

laz. zupina 1. `kacis perangi~. 2. (art.) `viwro kaba; viwro da mokle

kaba~ (uzunhasanoRlu, bujakliSi, aleqsiva 2007).

laz. kapot-i 1. `faraja~. 2. `zogadad ruxi feris moklemklaviani

lazuri Jaketi~. 3. (furt. viw.) `sqeli da magari qsovili~ (uzunhasanoR-

lu, bujakliSi, aleqsiva 2007); `ganieri Casacmeli, icvamen jariskacebi,

lazuri viwro kurtka~ (Tandilava 2013). ix. megr. kapot-i.

laz. kikili1 (viw.) `Sesakravi palto~ (Tandilava 2013).

laz. labada `zeda Tbili Casacmeli labada~ (Tandilava 2013). Sdr.

gur. labada `dedaTa welqveda samosi, dabambuli (SaraSiZe 1938). labada

dasturdeba qarTulSic, romelic Sedarebulia spars. l�b�d� `mokle,

welSi gamoyvanili, axaluxis msgavsi samoseli qalisa~ (kax., qiziy.,

ingil.); 2) `qalis dabambuli welqveda samoseli~, 3) `wvimis dros

wamosasxami, ― sawvimari~ (qegli IV, 1955). libada gvxvdeba aWarulSic

`axaluxis msgavsi qalis samosi~, ikereboda xaverdisgan (koberiZe 2011,

91).

lazurSi gamovlenilia libadi fuZec `zed Casacmeli bambis~

(Tandilava 2013).

saanalizo fuZis istoriisaTvis mniSvnelovania m. Cuxuas Tvalsazrisi.

mkvlevari zan. (Wan.) li-bad-i, romelsac aqvs mniSvneloba – `palto,

mosasxami~, akavSirebs qarT. bad-, na-bad-i fuZesTan, aRadgens s.qarTv. *ni-

bad- `nabadi~ formas, romlisganac miRebulia qarT. na-bad-i,

romlisTvisac amosavali aris *ni-bad-i. mkvlevars zan. li-bad-isTvis

amosavlad miaCnia ****ni-bod-i (Cuxua 2000-2003, 56, 229), Tumca samecniero

17

literaturaSi, qarT. nabad-i ucxo enis monacemebTan aris Sedarebuli

(ix. megr, nabad-i).

laz. manTo `qalis Casacmeli Txeli palto~. �orkaS gale manTo

doloqunaptes `kabis gareT `manTos~ Caacmevdnen~ (Tandilava 2013).

laz. moqunu `Jaketi, palto~ (uzunhasanoRlu, bujakliSi, aleqsiva

2007).

laz. piJama `piJamo~ (Tandilava 2013) (warmomavlobisTvis ix. megr.

piJamo).

laz. falTo || falto || palto (Tandilava @2013) || falTu `palto~

(uzunhasanoRlu, bujakliSi, aleqsiva 2007). didi falTo qodiliqunu

`didi palto ecva~ (Ciqobava 1929, 7). Sdr. qarT. palto (fran. ppaletot)

`zevidan Casacmeli grZeli, saxeloebiani samoseli~ (qegli VI, 1960). e. i.

sityva franguli warmomavlobisaa, Tumca igi palto formiT gvxvdeba

TurqulSic da, SesaZloa, lazurSi swored Turqulidan iyos

SeTvisebuli.

laz. forka ix. ��orka `kaba~ (Tandilava 2013) || ��oka `kaba~ (Cveni masala)

|| ��oga 1. `kaba, samoseli~. 2. `qalis samosi~. Sdr. ��ogina `patara kaba~

(uzunhasanoRlu, bujakliSi, aleqsiva 2007). emus �orkaSi uji qanuWkiu

`imas kabis wveri mouWra~ (Ciqobava 1929, 127).

aWarulSic qvxvdeba forka `mTliani kaba~, romelic, albaT,

lazuridan aris aWarulSi Sesuli.

laz. forCa `kaba~ (zogadad), `kacis zeda Casacmelia (yvelanairi),

`perangi~ (Tandilava 2013). sari forCas kai megomsqu qemeri `yviTel

kabaze Zalian gSvenis qamari~ (Ciqobava 1936, 85). `Sdr. megr. forCa,

romelic erTgvari samoselic aris da qsovilic.

laz. ��rak-i (Turq. frak) (uzunhasanoRlu, bujakliSi, aleqsiva 2007)

`fraki~. franguli warmoSobis sityvaa, romelic lazurSi Turqulis

gziT unda damkvidrebuliyo. Sdr. qarT. frak-i (frang. frac) `mamakacis

sazeimo tansacmeli, - erTgvari serTuki, win amoWrili da ukan grZeli,

viwro kalTebiani~ (qegli VII, 1962).

18

laz. qurq-i || qÁurq-i `qurqi~. Sdr. Turq. k�rk. Cans, sityva Turqulidan

aris Semosuli (Tandilava 2013). qurqi diWu do qeSaxTu `qurqi Seikera

da amovida~ (Ciqobava 1936, 60). ix. megr. qurq-i.

laz. Skawale `kaba; wels qvemoT samosi~. saintereso leqsemaa.

kompoziti Cans, romelic miRebuli unda iyos laz. Ska `weli~ da wale

`qvemoT~ fuZeebis SeerTebiT (uzunhasanoRlu, bujakliSi, aleqsiva 2007).

laz. Carket-i `Jaketi~ (lazuris fondi). Sdr. amave mniSvnelobiT Turq.

ǏeketǏeketǏeketǏeket. J. diumezili aRniSnavs, rom monadireebi icvamen specialur

tansacmels, romelsac lazurad avji CeqeTi hqvia. (Sdr. Turq. avǏekǏekǏekǏek-ǏeketǏeketǏeketǏeket)

(lazuris fondi). lazurSi aseve dasturdeba am fuZis Semcveli

fonetikuri variantebi: CarkeCi || CeqeTi `pijaki~ (Tandilava 2013) || jeqeT-i

(viw.) (uzunhasanoRlu, bujakliSi, aleqsiva 2007) (istoriisTvis ix. megr.

Jaketi).

laz. Coxa `Coxa-axaluxi~ || mCoxa (Tandilava 2013). Coxa va eWofaSa xai

mo izumom `sanam Coxas ar iyidi, lajs rad izomav?~ (kartozia 1972, 227).

(erT-erTi mTqmelisagan saintereso gadmocema CaviwereT Coxis formisa

da gamoyenebis Sesaxeb: `Coxa JuroneCdoviTi wanaSi woxle rtu. emuTe

xoronaptes. Coxas Skas qemeri uRutes. Coxa koWiSa rtu `Coxa

ormocdaaTi wlis win iyo. amiT cekvavdnen. Coxaze, welze qamari hqondaT.

Coxa koWebamde iyo (Cveni masala) (Coxis vrceli istoriis Sesaxeb ix.

megr. Coxa).

lazurSi Coxa aris rTuli sityvis Semadgeneli nawili: Coxa-Ziqva `Co-

xa-axaluxi~.

formis mixedviT Coxa SeiZleba iyos: toti mkule `moklemklaviani~

(vaniliSi, Tandilava, 1984, 156, 37-38). Sdr. gur. Coxa kverto – mokle Coxa

skalatisa, Savi (zogjer wiTeli), sirmiT gawyobili (SaraSiZe 1938).

laz. xalaTi (qarT.) `xalaTi~ (Tandilava @2013).

laz. xerTeSi `palto~ (uzunhasanoRlu, bujakliSi, aleqsiva 2007);

`uxeSad nakeri qurTuki~ (Tandilava @2013).

laz. xika || xirka `dabambuli zeze Casacmeli paltos magieri~

(Tandilava @2013). xika goqTei moT dologoquns `xika ukuRma ratom

gacvia?~ (kartozia 1972, 54).

19

samoslis saxeobebSi SeiZleba ganvixiloT laz. seÁ doloqunuS-i

`Ramis perangi~ (asaTiani 1974, 89) || serdoloqunuS-i || serdoloqunal-i

(Cveni masala). erT-erTma mTqmelma ganmarta, rom is dRisiTac ecvaT. amave

mniSvnelobiT lazurSi dasturdeba gejeluR-i (Tandilava 2013) ||

gejenluR-i (Cveni masala). aRniSnuli erTeuli momdinareobs

Turqulidan (Sdr. Turq. geǏǏǏǏelik, romelic warmoqmnili sityvaa,

nawarmoebia geǏǏǏǏe- `Rame~ da -lik daniSnulebis prefiqsis meSveobiT,

romelic funqciiT qarT. sa- prefiqsis fardia). rogorc vxedavT,

lazuris gejenluR-i formaSi n ganviTarebulia. javaxur dialeqtSi

dasturdeba paraleluri fonetikuri varianti gejaluR-i `Ramis perangi

an qudi fesa, romelsac umetesad qalebi xmarobdnen~ (beriZe 1981, 321).

samoslis saxeobebTan megrulSi ganvixileT xelTaTmani. am semantikis

sityva lazurSic dasturdeba. kerZod. TaTman-i `xelTaTmani~ || xeSi

TaTman-i || xaTaTman-i || xe-TaT-i || xeS-TaT-i `xelTaTmani~ (Tandilava 2013),

Sdr. qarT. TaTman-i 1. uTiTo xelTaTmani, windasaviT naqsovi (saba). ||

igivea, rac xelTaTmani; 2. bawrisagan moqsovili Ziris gamosadgmeli

gacveTil windaze («dial.») (qegli IV, 1955). megrulSi es formac gvaqvs

da sxva erTeulic dasturdeba (ix. meg. xeSi TaTmani).

samoslis saxeobebSi SeiZleba ganvixiloT laz. xCeon-i (amse, Tain

2004) da misi paraleluri variantebi: qCeon-i (Cveni masala), || qCon-i (mari

1910, uzunhasanoRlu, bujakliSi, aleqsiva 2007) || Con-i (mari 1910)

`TeTrtanisamosiani~, `TeTriani~. marTan agreTve gvxvdeba qCe-forCon-i

`TeTrsamosiani~.

saanalizo erTeulebi nawarmoebi sityvebia: *xCe-on-i || *qCe-on-i || *qC-on-

i || *C-on-i, sadac *xCe- || *qCe- || *qC- || *C- `TeTris~ aRmniSvnelia, xolo *-on

― mawarmoebeli sufiqsi, romelic arsebiT saxelisagan awarmoebs

zedsarTav saxels, aRniSnavs risame qonebas an siWarbes (mari 1910, 73). –

on sufiqsi funqciurad qarTuli –ian, -ovan, -osan, -ier afiqsebis fardia

(Ciqobava 2008, 548; SaniZe 1980, 122-126).

saanalizo leqsikuri erTeulebi, miTiTebuli literaturis mixedviT,

aRniSnavs: `TeTrtanisamosiani~; `TeTriani~. semantikuri kvlevis

TvalsazrisiT, mniSvnelovania, rom Cven mier mopovebul masalebSi xCeon-

20

i || qCeon-i formebs udasturdebaT sxva mniSvnelobac: `TeTrTmiani,

WaRarosani~ – xCeoni guitu `TeTrTmiani, WaRara dadioda~ (Cveni masala).

vfiqrobT, mocemuli sityvebis amosavali semantika swored es unda iyos.

Sdr. TixCe `TavTeTra~.

saanalizo erTeulebi, rogorc Cans, fonetikuri variantebia,

amosavalia xCe-on-i fuZe (romlisganac mJReri x-s dayruebis Sedegad

miviReT qCeon-i (Sdr. qarT. xCe → qCe), romlisganac miRebulia → qCe-on-i.

xCe || qCe- Zirze –on sufiqsis darTvam gamoiwvia fuZiseuli e xmovnis

dakargva, ris Sedegadac miviReT → qC-on-i, Semdeg ki qC- kompleqsis

gamartivebiT miviReT → C-on-i (Sdr. laz. xCe- → qCe- → Ce (Ciqobava 2008,

237-238)).

migvaCnia, rom saanalizo lazuri xCe-on-i → qCe-on-i → qC-on-i → C-on-i

leqsikuri erTeulebi qarT. mxcovan- || Zv. qarT. mჴჴჴჴcovan- `WaRarosani~ -

TeTri Tmis, wveris matarebeli~ (qegl V, 1958) fuZis fonetikur-

semantikuri Sesatyvisia. qarT. mxcovan-i || Zv. qarT. mჴჴჴჴcovan-i, rogorc

samecniero literaturidan cnobilia, warmoqmnili sityvaa da amgvarad

daiSleba: m-xc-ovan- || m-ჴჴჴჴc-ovan-, sadac m-xc- || m-ჴჴჴჴc- Ziri `TeTrs

aRniSnavs~, -ovan ki mawarmoebeli sufiqsia. qarT. m-xc-e Zv. qarT. m-ჴჴჴჴc-e-

`WaRara~: megr. rCe || Ce `TeTri~: Wan. xCe || qCe || Ce `moxuci~, `TeTri~: svan.

meC-i `moxuci~ fuZeTa kanonzomieri Sesatyvisoba dadgenilia (Tofuria

1979, 17, 266; JRenti 1953, 75, 79, 135, 185; Ciqobava 2008, 237; klimovi 1964, 144,

267; fenrixi, sarjvelaZe 2000 501-502), saerToqarTvelur sufiqsad

aRdgeba *-an, (-ov-an, -os-an, -i-an), romelmac lazurSi mogvca -on.

amdenad, laz. xCe-on-i → qCe-on-i → qC-on-i → C-on-i: qarT. mxc-ov-an-i ||

Zv. qarT. m-ჴჴჴჴc-ov-an-i.

saerToqarTvelur fuZed aRdgeba *ჴჴჴჴc-, xolo sufiqsad –an. Sdr.

saerToqarTveluri -Ãc-, Ãc-an-. qarT. –an (-ov-an, -os-an, -i-an) Sesatyvisia

laz. –on-isa.

21

$ 3. SigniTa samosi

am paragrafSi SeiZleba gamoiyos ori qvejgufi: 1) SigniTa samoslis

aRmniSvneli zogadi saxelebi da 2) kerZo anu am jgufSi Semaval

elementTa konkretuli saxelwodebani.

1) zogadi saxelwodebani

megruli

megr. milaqunal-i (mila-qun-al-i) || dinaxle milaqunal-i (mila-qun-al-i)

`SigniT Casacmeli~ || dinaxlen-i || dinoxlen-i barg-i `SigniTa

tansacmeli~ || (Tudon-i) aTaqunal-i (aTa-qun-al-i) `nebismieri saxis

samoslis qveS Casacmeli~ || mila��unafal-i (mila-�un-af-al-i) `SigniT

Casacmeli kabis, pijakis, perangis, an nebismieri gareTa Casacmlis qveS

Casacmeli~ || aTa��unafal-i (aTa-�un-af-al-i) `kabis qveS, wels qvemoT

Casacmeli~ (Cveni masala). mocemuli sityvebi ZiriTadad daniSnulebas

gamoxataven. isini warmoqmnili saxelebia da nawarmoebia: qun- `Cacma~ da

��un- `gayola, Tanxleba~ zmnuri Zirebisagan.

lazuri

laz. meSaqunu (meSa-qun-u) `SigniT Casacmeli~ meSaqunuSi || doloxe

dolo-qun-u-Si (meSa-qunu-Si || doloxe dolo-qun-u-Si (doloxe `SigniT~ ||

doloxeni `SigniTa~) (Tandilava 2013). || milaxiSe `SigniTa Casacmeli~

(Cveni masala). meSa-/mila- Se-/ga- zmniswinebis fardia (Tandilava 2013).

lazurSic, megrulis msgavsad, mocemul jgufSi warmoqmnili saxelebi

gvaqvs. amosavali aris qun- `Cacma~ Ziri.

2) kerZo anu am jgufSi Semaval elementTa konkretuli saxelwodebani

aq gaerTianebulia kabis qveS an, saerTod, nebismieri gareTa

tanisamosis qveS Casacmeli da sacvlebi.

22

megruli

megr. abJo `kabis SigniT Casacmeli~ (qobalia 2010), paralelurad Cveni

masalebis mixedviT davadastureTAabJu.

megr. bandaJ-i (frang. bandage) `qirurgiuli elastikuri mWidro

Semosakravi~; teqn. `foladis salte orTqmavlis an vagonis Tvlisa

(borblisa)~ (qegli I, 2008). megrulSi saliteraturo enidan aris Sesuli.

megr. belio, bilio (rus. белие) `TeTreuli, sacvali~. voxvewudi,

belio gegmomTiresikoni `vexvewebodi, TeTreuli (sacvali) rom

gamoecvalaT~ (qajaia 2001). mocemuli sityva rusulidan aris Semosuli.

megr. kurTa `grZeli nifxavi~ || kurTa ofaxvalaia || kurTa kirkintami ||

kurTa kunta (mokle nifxavi) || kurTa xuWili || kurTa paWanakami do

upaWanako (Wanturias arqivi, # 434). kurTa `kvarTi, qveda sacvali~

(qobalia 2010). daq das kurTa qaTxua do vegedoxodava `dam das nifxavi

aTxova da ar daajdeo (uTxra)~ (qajaia II, 2002).

samecniero literaturaSi arsebobs sxvadasxva Sexeduleba am sityvis

warmomavlobasTan dakavSirebiT:

v. abaevi qarT kvarT-i, kurtak-i adarebs zan (megr. kurTa `qveda

sacvali~) da os. koyr$$$$t || kur $$$$t `beSmeti~ (abaevi 1958, 609).

m. andronikaSvili adarebs am fuZis Semcvel sxvadasxva enobriv

monacems, kerZod: Wan. kurTa, megr. kurTa, qarT. kuarT-i `perangi, qveda

sacvali~, qarT. kurtak-i, soRduri kwrd’k || qwrty `perangi~, iran. kurt ||

kurta `Salis samoslis saxe~, os. koyræt `beSmeti~, Turq. körtö örtö örtö örtö

`daliandagebuli xalaTi~, lezgiuri kurt `mokle qurqi~. mkvlevars

aRniSnuli fuZe iranulidan momdinared miaCnia (andronikaSvili 1966,

223).

k. danelia Zv. qarT. kuarT-s `zeda tansacmeli~, qarT. kuarT-

(gankuarTva) `kvarTis gaxda, kvarTis kalTebis akecva~ ukavSirebs kolx.

kurTa `qveda sacvali~ (danelia 1991, 113).

iv. javaxiSvilic qarT. kuarT-s akavSirebs megr.-Wan. kurTa-sTan `qalis

perangi~ (masalebi 1962, 85, 91, 199).

23

g. rogavac iziarebs iv. javaxiSvilisa da k. danelias Tvalsazriss da

aRadgens *kvurTa formas, romelic ←←←← kvorTa–sgan miRebulad miaCnia

(rogava 1962, 90).

arn. Ciqobavac Zv. qarT. kuarT-s `juba, gina perangi~ akavSirebs zan.

kurTa-sTan `nifxavi~, Tumca amosavlad miaCnia ← *korT- ← *kvorT- v-s

dakargviT (o-s win) da Semdeg o-s daviwroebiT (Ciqobava 1938, 178).

i. yifSiZe aRniSnavs, rom megr. kurTa jer kidev mari brosem daakavSira

Zv. qarT. kuarT- fuZesTan (yifSiZe 1994, 263).

megr. leniS-i `lainisa, lurji narmisa; sacvlebi~ (qobalia 2010). sityva

struqturulad nanaTesaobiTari Cans (*leni-Si – leni `laini~, Si –

naTesaobiTi brunvis niSani).

megr. lifu || lif-i `lifi~, `qalis welzeviT tanisamosi usaxeloebo~.

igive sityva qarTulSic dasturdeba [holan. lijf rus. enis meSv.] qalis an

bavSvis tanisamosis nawili, wels zeviT mWidrod Casacmeli, usaxeloebo

(qegli IV, 1955).

megr. maTiral-i || moTiru || oma/oTiral-i `gamosacvleli; Semcvleli~

(qobalia 2010) || omaTire `sacvali~ (Cveni masala). es sityva warmoqmnili

fuZea. nawarmoebia Tirua `Secvla, gacvla zmnisagan, daniSnulebas

gamoxatavs, momavali drois vnebiTi gvaris mimReobaa (ix. laz. moqTiruS-

i).

megr. maika `maisuri an bluzis qveS Casacmeli perangiviT~ (Cveni

masala). es leqsema Semosulia rusulidan. Sdr. rus. майка `maisuri~.

megr. osare `perangi, xalaTi (zeviTa perangi, qveda perangi); urmis

nawili; kvarTi; momyoli (axalSobilisa); Ramis samosi (saRamuri)~

(qobalia 2010). vouRud kos osare do kurTa `ar hqonda aravis (kacs)

perangi da nifxavi (xubua 1937, 40). mniSvnelovania perangis iv.

javaxiSviliseuli aRweriloba: `perangs grZels keravdnen, muxlebamdis,

hqonda saxeloebi da sayelo. gverdebi garRveuli hqonda da amas Caqs

uwodeben; is sxvadasxva daniSnulebisa iyo: saRamos, dRis, abanosi.

(masalebi 1962, 242).

sxvadasxva avtorTa naSromebSi gvxvdeba megr. osare-s saxeobebi:

rkinaSi osare `abjari~ (Wanturia 1996, 220). osare, xeforCa do

24

o��aleSiani `perangi saxeloiani, sayeloiani~; osare uo��aleSe do kunta

xeforCami ùsaxelo da moklemklaviani~; osare jamfeziSi `jamfezis

perangi, wiTlad SeRebili~; osare Carqami (Calika) `xamis perangi~

(koWebamde grZeli), koCiSi `kacisa~, osare baba��iSi, varda fsuSi `perangi

baba��is an selisa~; osare baiburiSi `biabequris perangi~; osare

gadiduliS `gadidulis perangi~ (Wanturias arqivi, # 434). megr. rSvil-

osare `jaWvis perangi~ (qobalia 2010); Cariqam-i osare `gverdebze Ziridan

aWrili perangi~; suS osare `selis perangi~ (kacebs ecvaT); (masalebi 1983,

245).

saanalizo sityva gvxvdeva SesityvebebSi:

megr. osare do kurTa `nifxav-perangi; sacvlebi~ (qobalia 2010).

megr. osare do muSi amxanagi igivea, rac osare do kurTa `perangi da

misi amxanagi, nifxav-perangi~ (qajaia IV, 2009).

megr. saRamuri osare `saRamuri~. am mniSvnelobiT sxva sityvac

gvxvdeba: megr. saRamur-i ← qarT. saRamur-i `RamisaTvis gankuTvnili,

RamiT saxmari (Cveulebriv, tansacmeli)~ (qegli VI, 1960).

mocemuli leqsikuri erTeuli rTuli fuZis Semadgeneli sityvacaa _

oserafalo `perangisamara~ (qobalia 2010). is SeiZleba daiSalos martiv

fuZeebad: osare `perangi~ da falo àmara, carieli~.

megr. kifiS osare `kanafis perangi (jaWvis perangis SigniT xmarobdnen,

sxeuls icavda)~ (qobalia 2010).

dasturdeba kninobiTobis –ia-Ti nawarmoebi fuZec: osaria ùbadruki

perangi, patara perangi~ (qobalia 2010).

samecniero literaturaSi sxvadasxva Sexeduleba arsebobs am fuZis

Semcveli Ziris warmomavlobis Sesaxeb. m. Cuxua aRniSnavs, rom megr.

osare-Si adre ser-i `Rame~ fuZis Sesatyvis kanonzomier sar- fuZes

xedavdnen (gamyreliZe, maWavariani 1965, 160-170), rac ar aris marTebuli.

zanuri osare kanonzomierad asaxavs saerToqarTvelur *a-sal-a fuZes,

oRond Tanamedrove osare uZvelesi *osora-(Á) formisagan (qarT. a : zan.

o, qarT. l : zan. r) momdinareobs. Sua safexurad aRdgeba *osora-(Á),

sadac inlauturi o a-Si momdevno –a sufiqsis zegavleniT gadavida.

25

auslauturi e zanurSi a-Á Tanmimdevrobis gviandel realizacias

warmoadgens.

maSasadame: qarT. asal-i `cxenis zurgze gadafarebuli qsovili~; gur.

asala `qeCa kexis qveS dasafeni~, svan. ��os��r (zs., lnt.), ��osar (lSx.)

`Coxa~. s.qarTv. *a-sal-a `qeCa, Coxa, perangi~ → asala → || asal-i. zan.

osare ←←←← *osara-(&&&&) ←←←← osora(&&&&). svan. ��os��r || ��osar || (�)�)�)�)os��l (Cuxua 2000-

2003, 224).

megr. piJamo. Sdr. qarT. piJama (ing. pyjamas induridan) 1) `saSinao an

RamiT Casacmeli tanisamosi; Sedgeba Sarvlisa da kurtakisagan~; 2)

`indoeTSi – Txeli qsovilis ganieri Sarvali~ (qegli VI, 1960). rogorc

vxedavT, sityva ucxo warmomavlobisaa da megrulSi SesaZloa

saliteraturo enis meSveobiT aris damkvidrebuli (ix. laz. piJama).

megr. reituz-i `grZeli qveda sacvali~. Sdr. qarT. reituz-i `naqsovi

grZeli qveda sacvali~. is germanuli warmomavlobis sityvaa (Sdr. germ.

reitouzen ̀ cxenze sajdomi Sarvali~), romelic rusulis meSveobiT aris

qarTulSi damkvidrebuli (qegli VI, 1960) da aqedan Sesulia megrulSi.

megr. sagulo `TasyunTisagan Sekerili, zolebiani, sirmiT moqarguli,

qalebs ecvaT SigniT kabasaviT, mkerdi gawyobili iyo vercxliT, oqroTi

an Zvirfasi TvlebiT, saxelos bolos enasaviT Sverili faravda xelis

guls; foCebi hqonda saucxood mowyobili; sayelo ar hqonda~ (Wanturias

arqivi, # 434). sagulo nawarmoebia sa-o daniSnulebis prefiqs-sufiqsiT

gul- Zirisagan.

megr. yanTar-i || kanTar-i `lifi~ (yifSiZe 1994), yanTar-i `qalis

welzeviT tanisamosi usaxeloebo~ (Sdr. gur. yantari) (Waraia 1997).

naguralenq ebyariT�, monZaluna yanTarefi `rCeulebi (guladebi)

avmoZravdiT, gvmetoben qalebi~ (xubua 1937, 358). yanTar-i `samkerduli,

lifi, naqsovi kostumi, romelic bavSvs ecva siarulis dawyebidan 6-7

wlis asakamde, rom kargi saCoxe Tu sakabe tani hqonoda (qobalia 2010).

megr. Caraqa `Careqiani perangi, muxlebs qvemoT swvdeboda~ (Wanturias

arqivi, # 434). Caraqa, rogorc zemoT aRvniSneT osare-sNnawilic aris.

misi paraleluri forma Cans megr. Careq-i `mamakacis grZeli perangis

qveda gverdgaxsnil nawils Careqs uwodeben. amitom perangsac Careqam

26

osares eZaxdnen~ (masalebi 1983, 241) || Carqam-i || Carqam osare `xamis

perangi koWebamde grZeli, xelis dazgaze selisagan moqsovili, romlis

sayelo zonrebiT ikvreboda~. SeiZleba am fuZes Seicavdes gvari

CareqiSvili).

megr. CeS-i `kacis perangi~. Zvelad kacebs grZeli perangi ecvaT,

muxlebamdis, qalebs ki – koWebamdis~ (masalebi 1983, 241). vfiqrobT,

mocemuli sityva nanaTesaobiTaria (*Ce-Si – Ce `TeTri~, -Si NnaTesaobiTi

brunvis niSani. e. i. etimologiurad niSnavs *`TeTrisa~).

megr. xabarda `qalis tanisamosi mavTulebiani, kabis qveS Casacmeli~

(Waraia 1997; masalebi 1983, 244).

lazuri

laz. doloxeni gejeluRi `sacvali~. zedmiw. `SigniTa perangi~.

(diumezili 2009, 24). gejeluRi baxCiSi qomeCeren `Ramis perangi saCuqrad

miucia~ (Tandilava 2013). sityvis istoriisTvis ix. laz. gejeluRi.

laz. eSkaqunaSe `perangis SigniT Casacmeli sacvali~ (uzunhasanoRlu,

bujakliSi, aleqsiva 2007).

laz. iJdon-i (xof.) da misi fonetikuri variantebi || iSTon-i (arq.) ||

don-i `nifxavi, qveda sacvali~ (Sdr. Turq. icdon) (Tandilava 2013) || iSdon-

i (amse, Taini 2004).

laz. kurTa `qalis qvedasacvali koWebamde~ (Tandilava 2013). oxorjaSi

kurTa elakoreri imtu `qalis qvedascvalaxveuli gaiqca~ (Ciqobava 1936,

48). mas hqonda `Sarvlis~ mniSvnelobac: miTi na mimagatu ―`merheba,

kurTa!~ miwumertes. `vinc Semxvdeboda ―`gamarjoba Sarvals!~ ―

meubnebodnen~ (asaTiani 1974, 29). saintereso forma dasturdeba furtunas

xeobaSi: kurTaste (furt.) `(qalebze) nifxavisamara~ (uzunhasanoRlu, bu-

jakliSi, aleqsiva 2007). megr.-laz kurTas Sesaxeb ix. megr. kurTa.

laz. meSaqunu (viw.) || meSkanqunu (aTin.) 1. `SigniT Casacmeli~. 2.

`perangi, faneli~ (uzunhasanoRlu, bujakliSi, aleqsiva 2007).

laz. monqTuru || oqTuru (furt.) `sufTa sacvali~ (uzunhasanoRlu, bu-

jakliSi, aleqsiva 2007). nawarmoebia laz. qT- `cvla~ Zirisagan.

laz. ÁeleR-i `lifi~. erT-erTi mTqmelis ganmartebiT, yovelgvar

uxelo Casacmels ÁeleRi-s eZaxian (Cveni masala). ÁeleRi, agreTve,

ganmartebulia rogorc `Jileti~ (Tandilava 2013). miS ÁeleRis miSi kopWa

27

gioCani `vis Jiletze visi folaqi (kopWa) daabi~ (kartozia 1972, 213). Sdr.

qarT. (gur. aWar.) eleg-i 1. mamakacis welzeviTa tansacmeli, usaxeloebo,

RilebiT Sesakvreli, icvamen Coxis qveS, _ Jileti. 2. qalis welzeviTa

samosi, usaxeloebo, icvamen gul-mkerdis dasafaravad da Sesakravad, _

lifi. Sdr. Turq. yelek `Jileti~. es sityva lazurSi, gurulsa da

aWarulSi Turqulidan unda iyos Semosuli.

$ 4. zeda samosi

mocemul paragrafSi SeiZleba gamoiyos ori qvejgufi: 1) zogadi

saxelebi, romlebic am jgufSi Semaval elementTa zogadi

saxelwodebania da 2) kerZo saxelebi, romlebic moicavs am jgufSi

Semaval elemetTa konkretul saxeobebs.

1) zogadi saxelebi

megruli

megr. Jidoiani mikaqunal-i || Jidoian-i || Jidon-i || eSeian-i `zemodan

Casacmeli, tanzeda || zeda samosi~ (Cveni masala).

lazuri

laz. eÁonqunaSe || goÁonqunaSe 1. `zeda Casacmeli zogadad~. 2.

`bluza~ (uzunhasanoRlu, bujakliSi, aleqsiva 2007).

laz. moqunuS-i (mo-qun-u-Si) `mosasxami~ (zedmiw. `mosacmlisa~);

mTqmelis ganmartebiT, is aris garedan, zemodan mosacmeli (maT Soris,

palto da pijaki) || moJaqunuS-i || moqunuS-i (moJa-qun-u-Si || mo-qun-u-Si)

`mosacmeli~ (gaxsnili) || geJaqunuSi (geJa-qun-u-Si) `zemodan Casacmeli an

mosacmeli~ || eJaqunuS-i (eJa-qun-u-Si) `mosacmeli~ (masala) || SqaS Jin do-

loqunu (dolo-qun-u) `zeda Casacmeli~ (Ciqobava 1929, 151).

mocemuli lazuri zeda samoslis aRmniSvneli saxelebi warmoqmnilia,

daniSnulebas gamoxataven, nawarmoebia qun- `Cacma~ Zirisagan, axlavs:

moJa-, geJa-, eJa- zmniswinebi, romlebic fardia qarTuli mo- da da-

28

zmniswinebisa. moqunuSis semantikisaa moJaqunuSi, eJaqunuSi da

nanaTesaobiTari saxelebia (-Si – naT. brunvis niSani).

2) konkretuli saxelebi

megruli

megr. axalux-i, axaÁux-i `axaluxi~ (Sdr. kaba) (yifSiZe 1994).

literaturidan cnobilia, rom axaluxi ikereboda an abreSumisagan, an

matylgareuli abreSumisagan, bambagareuli abreSumisagan (masalebi 1983,

246) (ix. laz. Ziqva-axalux-i `Coxa-axaluxi" (Cveni masala). qarTulSic

dasturdeba axalux-i Semdegi mniSvnelobiT: 1. welSi gamoyvanili

(naoWasxmuli an Caqebdayrili) Casacmeli mamakacisa, welamde

sarCuldadebuli; Ril-kiloebiT Sesakravi; sayeloiani, viwro

saxeloebiani (Cveulebriv Coxis qveS Casacmeli). 2. rTuli fuZis meore

Semadgeneli nawili. Coxa-axaluxi (qegli I, 2008).

iv. javaxiSvilis azriT, axaluxi Turquli sityvaa, romelic ori

nawilisgan Sedgeba: axa da lux. axa-s sruli da Tavdapirveli

mniSvneloba aWaruls aqvs daculi, sadac iaxa-s xmaroben tanisamosis

zedatanis sayelos aRsaniSnavad. Turquli jaka kides, napirs da

tanisamosis sayelos ewodeba, lik an luk ki ganyenebul cnebaTa

mawarmoebeli Turquli bolosarTia. TurqulSi TviT termin ჲჲჲჲayaluy-i an

ჲჴჲჴჲჴჲჴaluk-i arsebobs da sayelos gasakeTeblad gankuTvnil maudis an

qurqis naWers niSnavs (masalebi 1962, 152).

megr. bluza `qalis an mamakacis zeda Casacmeli naxevrad CaRiluli

(qajaia I, 2001). note ginmurTinuas WiTa bluzaT, vara RarTo `netavi

gadamaqcia wiTel xalaTad, anda Coxad~ (samuSia 1971, 99). qarT. bluz-i,

bluza (bluzisa) [fran. blouse rus. enis meSv.] mamakacis xalvaTi zeda

tansacmeli, romelzedac qamars irtyamen, _ xalaTi (qegli I, 2008).

rogorc Cans, sityva ucxo enidan aris Semosuli, xolo megrulSi

qarTulis gziT aris damkvidrebuli. ix. laz. bluza.

megr. kastum-i `pijaki~ (Cveni masala). Sdr. rus. костюм `tansacmeli,

tanisamosi, kostumi~. qarTulSic dasturdeba kostiumi || kostum-i. qegli-

29

s mixedviT, is Sedarebulia frang. costume-Tan, romelsac aqvs

mniSvnelobebi: 1. adamianis tansacmeli. nacionaluri kostumi. 2.

mamakacis Tanamedrove samosis sruli kompleqti (pijaki, Jileti,

Sarvali) (qegli IV, 1955). rogorc Cans, sityva frangulia, iqidan aris

rusulSi gavrcelebuli, rusulidan Semosulia qarTulSi da misi

meSveobiT damkvidrebulia megrulSi.

megr. kitel-i `zeda Casacmeli~ || kitei. (Cveni masala). mTqmelis

ganmartebiT, kostumiviT Sekerili, galife SarvalTan Casacmeli zeda

samoselia. es sityva qarTulSic dasturdeba, romelic ganmartebulia,

rogorc `samxedro formis qurTuki (Cveulebriv sazafxulo)~. kitel-i

ucxo, germanuli warmomavlobis sityvad aris miCneuli. Sdr. germ. kittel

rusuli enis meSveobiT aris Semosuli qarTulSi (qegli IV, 1955).

megrulSi is qarTulis gziT unda iyos damkvidrebuli. ix. laz. kiteli.

megr. rubaSqa `perangi, xalaTi~ (qajaia II, 2002) || rubaSka (Cveni masala).

Ce rubaSqa dogiWu do hava giqaqaluans `TeTri xalaTi Segikeravs da

haeri (niavi) giqiqinebs~ (samuSia 1971, 235). Sdr. rus. рувашка. mas igive

mniSvneloba udasturdeba. Cans, rom sityva rusulidan aris Semosuli

megrulSi.

megr. saroCka `perangi~ (mamakacis an kacis garedan Casacmeli gaxsnili,

Rilebiani) (Cveni masala). Sdr. rus. сорочка `perangi~. es sityva megrulSi

rusulidanaa damkvidrebuli.

megr. talma `qalis zeda Casacmeli~ (qajaia IV, 2009). a. Wanturia

aRniSnavs, rom es igivea, rac qaTiba (Wanturias arqivi, # 434).

megr. forCa `selis Zafisagan naqsovi~ (Waraia 1997). xolo yifSiZesTan

forCa `perangi, xalaTi (zeviTa) uxeSi Zafisagan xeliT moqsovili~

(yifSiZe 1994). qaTirCes forCa falo `qveS daiges mxolod forCa~ (qajaia

III, 2002). es leqsema dasturdeba lazurSic. sityvis warmomavlobisTvis

ix. xeforCa.

megr. q��nz-i `tyavisa iyo, saxeloebi ar hqonda. zeviT Casacmelad

xmarobdnen~ (masalebi 1983, 244; qajaia III, 2002).

megr. q��nC-i || q��nC�� `zeda Casacmeli tyavisa~. cxvars gaatyavebdnen,

saTanadod daamuSavebdnen da saxeloian grZel `q�nC�s~ ikeravdnen

30

(masalebi 1983, 241). arZaq q�nC� diiWes oSi koCiq `yvelam q�nC� Seikeres,

asma kacma~ (xubua 1937, 262).

megr. jempr-i `zemodan Casacmeli naqsovi uRilebo, yeliani an uyelo~.

is SeiZleba iyos: dabali kiserami (jempri) `dabalyeliani~ da xurxami

(jempri) || kiserami (jempri) `yeliani~. es sityva dasturdeba qarTulSic:

jemper-i (jempr-i). is qarTulis meSveobiT aris megrulSi Sesuli.

qarTuli forma ki Sedarebuli aris imave mniSvnelobis ingl. jumper-Tan.

(qegli VIII, 1964).

lazuri

laz. anTer-i || (r-s dakargviT) anTe-Á `qalis zeda mokle tansacmeli,

qalis zeda xalaTi (umklavo)~ (Tandilava 2013). buSluRi mu Rodaftu,

Razi-anTeri muSi `meSluRi (xuTTumniani oqros fuli) rad undoda CiTis

xalaTi misi!~ (kartozia 1972, 207). mTqmelebis ganmartebiT, laz. anTer-i ||

anTe-Á aris `kacis zeda Casacmeli~ (Cveni masala). anTer-i warmoqmnili

sityva Cans.

lazurSi dasturdeba am fuZidan nawarmoebi anTeron-i ànTerCacmuli~

(*anTer-on-i zedmiw. ànTeriani~) (lazuris fondi).

laz. bluza || burza `xalaTi~ (Tandilava 2013). na-moZitu Sarvali do

bluzafe, gamosTu `rom ecva Sarvali da bluzebi, gaZvra~ (JRenti 1938,

87). es sityva dasturdeba qarTulSi (romlis wyarod franguli enis

monacemi aris miCneuli) da megrulSi, sadac es sityva qarTulidan aris

Sesuli, xolo lazurSi SeiZleba is Turqulis gziT iyos

damkvidrebuli. || ruza (viw.) || burza (furt., xof.) 1. `sqeli naWrisagan

damzadebuli Jiletis formis grZelmklaviani samosi~. 2. `dRevandeli

monadiris samosis msgavsi didi da farTo jibiani Jileti~. 3. (furt.)

`skolis winsafari~. 4. `qalis zeda samosi, bluza~ (uzunhasanoRlu, bu-

jakliSi, aleqsiva 2007).

laz. kasTum-i `kostiumi (pijaki)~ (Tandilava 2013). aÁa koCiq qÁuWofu

kasTumi do Sarvali àm kacma uyida kostiumi da pijaki~ (kartozia 1972,

143). misi warmomavlobisTvis ix. megr. kastum-i.

31

laz. kitel-i `mamakacis Casacmeli (zeda)~ (Cveni masala). sityvis

istoriisTvis ix. megr. kitel-i.

laz. ko��ta || ko��Ta || kofta `kofTa~; `perangi~ (Tandilava 2013; uzunha-

sanoRlu, bujakliSi, aleqsiva 2007). SqaS Jin-na doloquns, ko�Ta ren

`wels zeviT rom acvia, kofTa aris~ (Tandilava 2013). am mniSvnelobiTY

qarTulSi dasturdeba kofTa, romelic rusulidan aris Semosuli. Sdr

rus. кофта (qegli IV, 1955). es leqsema gvxvdeba megrulSic.

laz. saroCka `perangi~ (asaTiani 1974, 102). sityvis istoriisTvis ix.

megr. saroCka.

laz. forCa `perangi~ (Tandilava 2013); him forCa biTum dicxiri dotu

`is perangi mTlad sisxli gaxada~ (Ciqobava 1936, 118). mTqmelebis

ganmartebiT – `kaba~ (Cveni masala). gvxvdeba am fuZidan nawarmoebi

forCasTe `perangis amara~. ix. megr. forCa.

laz. ��anela `zeda Casacmeli~ (Sdr. Turq. fanila) (uzunhasanoRlu, bujak-

liSi, aleqsiva). ix. megr. fanel-i.

$ 5. qveda samosi

am paragrafSi gaerTianebulia qveda kaba da Sarvali, romlebic

zogadi mniSvnelobisaa da agreTve, maTi konkretuli saxelebi.

megruli

megr. gimeiani || gimeiani kaba `qveda kaba~ (Cveni masala). am

mniSvnelobiT megrulSi ucxo warmomavlobis iuka || iubkac gvxvdeba

(yifSiZe 1994), romelic momdinareobs rusulidan. Sdr. rus. юбка.iuka

gamkinwyu `qvedakaba gaixada~ (xubua 1937, 140).

megr. Salvar-i || Saluar-i || Sa&&&&var-i `Sarvali~. si Ziqva migoxiruni,

TiTi jgiri koCi �oferenia `Sen Sarvali rom mogpara, isic kargi kaci

yofilao~ (qajaia III, 2002) ← qarT. Sarval-i ← spars. šššš��lvlvlvlvar ar ar ar

(andronikaSvili 1966, 213).

Sarvlis sxvadasxvava saxe gamoiyofa:

32

megr. afxazur-i Sarval-i (masalebi 1983, 246).

megr. galife Sarval-i `galife Sarvali~ – muxlebs qvemoT viwrod da

zemoTa nawilSi farTod gamoyvanili Sarvali. am saxis Sarvali

dasturdeba qarTulSic. sityva ucxo warmomavlobisaa. Sdr. frang.

Galliffet, romelic rusuli enis meSveobiT damkvidrda qarTulSi (qegl I,

2008).

megr. Ziqva || Z��qva `erTgvari welSi anaoWebuli da totebmoviwroebuli

Sarvali, romlis Cacma SeiZleboda Seubrunebladac, radgan winac da

ukanac erTnairi iyo, hqonda Rilebi, sartyeli da welze magrdeboda

xvanjriT (kurTalariT); upiratesad iqsoveboda xeliT, yaisnaRiT,

ZiriTadad icvamdnen moxucebi da balRebi~ (qobalia 2010). Ziqva

lazurSic dasturdeba.

lazuri

laz. gotkimale `qveda kaba~. SqaS Tudeni gotkimale ren `wels qvemoT

(qveda) qveda kaba aris~ (Tandilava 2013). es fuZe warmoqmnilia,

nawarmoebia gotkimu `Semortyma~ zmnuri formisgan (*go-tkim-al-e).

laz. iubka `qvedabolo~ (Cveni masala). warmomavlobisTvis ix. megr.

iubka || iuka.

laz. Sarax-i `erTgvari Sarvali~ (Tandilava 2013).

laz. Sarval-i || Salvar-i || Saval-i || SarvaÁ (Sdr. Turq. šalvaršalvaršalvaršalvar). Salvari

_ Sibi goSadvaleri iyven `Sarvalze Snuri (naWris) gayrili iqneba~

(Ciqobava 1929, 15). rogorc zemoT, megrul masalaze msjelobisas

aRvniSneT, Sarval-i qarTulis meSveobiT aris Sesuli megrulSi, magram

lazuri erTeulebi Sedarebulia TurqulTan (Tandilava 2013).

SesaZlebelia is Turqulis gziT damkvidrda lazurSi.

lazurSic Sarvlis sxvadasxva saxe gamoiyofa:

megrulis msgavsad, lazurSic dasturdeba Ziqva→|| (dezafrikatizaciiT)

zipka || Ziфa (xof.) || Zikva (viw.) || wikva (aTin.) `Sarvali~, `Coxa~. Zikva

gelebudviko Toqme Sarvali-kala `Ziqva damedo ... SarvalTan erTad~

33

(Ciqobava 1929, 68). es fuZe gamovlenilia SesityvebaSi: Ziqva-axalux-i `Co-

xa-axaluxi" (Cveni masala).

laz. duz-i Sarval-i `swori, inglisuri SarvaliviT~ (Cveni masala).

Sdr. laz. duzi `swori~.

laz. mkule || kule SarvaÁ `mokle Sarvali~ (Cveni masala). Sdr. laz.

mkule || kule `mokle~.

laz. Sibilon-i Salvar-i `zonriani Sarvali~ (Ciqobava 1929, 150). Sdr.

laz. Sib-i `Snuri, zonari (naWris)~ (Tandilava 2013), misgan –on sufiqsiT

unda iyos nawarmoebi Sibiloni.

laz. golфффф----i || galiффффe || kalife || kalive (g-s gamkveTrebiT) (asaTiani

1974, 36; Cveni masala). misi warmomavlobis Sesaxeb ix. megr, galife.

laz. fonTul-i || fonTolon-i `Sarvali~ (Sdr. frang.-Turq. pantolon)

(Tandilava 2013) || fontul-i (aTin.) `Sarvali~ (uzunhasanoRlu, bujakli-

Si, aleqsiva 2007). aÁa fonToloni en `es Sarvali aris~ (Ciqobava 1929,

150). rogorc Cans, sityva Turqulis gziT aris damkvidrebuli lazurSi.

laz. torvela 1. (Cxal.) `moSvebuli Sarvali~. 2. (furt.) `ulamazod,

usufTaod Cacmuli~ (uzunhasanoRlu, bujakliSi, aleqsiva 2007).

laz. Wak-Wirina `Txeli qsovilisagan Sekerili Sarvali~ (Tandilava

2013; uzunhasanoRlu, bujakliSi, aleqsiva 2007).

sityva Sarval-i orive jgufisTvis, rogorc megrulisTvis, aseve

lazurisTvis, Sarvlis zogad saxeladac SeiZleba moviazroT.

$ 6. mosasxami, mosacmeli

am paragrafSi gaerTianebulia ori jgufi: 1) zogadi saxelebi,

romlebic moicavs am jgufSi Semaval elementTa zogad saxelwodebebs

da 2) kerZo – am jgufSi Semaval elementTa konkretuli saxelwodebani.

1) zogadi saxelebi

megruli

34

megr. maqunal-i || ginaqunal-i `mosasxami~; `Casacmeli~ (masalebi 1983,

243); || galen-i ginaqunal-i `garedan mosacmeli~ || galeian-i `gareTa~ ||

galen-i mukaqunal-i || m��kaqunal-i `garedan Casacmeli~ (Cveni masala).

lazuri

am jgufis lazuri saxelebi saziaroa tanzemoT Casacmeli zogadi

saxelebisa. ix. am qveTavis $ 4.

2) konkretuli saxelebi

megruli

megr. anafora || anafara ànafora~ || mafor-i `saburveli, anafora,

onfori, xucis samosi, mfarveli~ (qobalia 2010). anafara formaT uRu,

oma�al� abragebc ànafora formad aqvs, megobrobs yaCaRebTan (qajaia I,

2002). Sdr. qarT. anafora (berZn. anaphoro) `mRvdlis samosi, farTo da

grZeli~ (qegli I, 2008).

megr. barWoS-i `grZelbewviani, Wavliani nabadi, iTeleboda

daxuWuWebuli, narCeni an sagangebod daupentavi boWkosagan~. barWoS

nabad-i || barWoSi. barWo ―grZeli bewvi, Wavli nabdisa; matylis narCeni

gapentvis Sedeg (qobalia 2010).

megr. biniS-i èrTgvari naqsovi mosasxami~ (qobalia 2010). es SeiZleba

nanaTesaobiTari saxelia, bin- `Sebneva~ Zirze naTesaobiTi brunvis –iS

niSnis darTviT miRebuli.

megr. garoz-i `naqsovi, mosasxami~ (Waraia 1997); `Tavsaxuravi~

(Wanturias arqivi, # 434). garoziSi Sarfi uRudu `garozis Sarfi

hqonda~ (qajaia I, 2002). Sdr. aWar. guruz-i `qsovisas erT-erTi svla~

(Tvlis wamateba). imer., raW. garoz-i `naqsovi mosasxami~, rus. гарусъ

(beriZe 1912).

35

megr. gaforafal-i `Semosafari, Semosaburi (nabadi)~ (qobalia 2010). igi

momdinareobs for- `dafarva~ zmnur Zirze ga- zmniswinisa da -al

sufiqsis darTviT.

megr. gaqunal-i `dasaburi, mosasxami, SesafuTi~ (qobalia 2010). leqsema

miRebulia qun- Zirze ga- zmniswinisa da -al sufiqsis darTviT.

megr. gvabana `wamosasxami~. mzaddeboda matylisagan, nabadiviT TovlSi,

qarsa da wvimaSi zeviT Casacmelad. gvabana muxlamde iyo, saxeloiani

(masalebi 1983, 244-245). gvabana `qeCa~ (kilanava 1998; qajaia I, 2001).

megr. ginoqvenj-i (ginoqvinji) `yaryumis, siasamuris an wavis bewv-

gadakruli~ (Wanturias arqivi, # 434). mis warmomavlobasTan dakavSirebiT

ix. mikoqvenji.

megr. kapuW-i `mosasxami mTeli tanis sigrZeze, ikvreboda erTi kaviT,

abreSumis, zoliani, gawyobili oqroTi da sxva ZvirfaseulebiT~

(Wanturias arqivi, # 434). `cxvris an Txis gamoqnili tyavi da misgan

damzadebuli tyapuWi, abga, guda da sxv.~ (qobalia 2010).

megr. koWilulu `mTlianad sirmiT moqarguli maudis an abreSumis

mosasxami (JaketiviT), saxelo idayvamde hqonda~ (Wanturias arqivi, # 434).

megr. libad-i `labada~ (qobalia 2010). warmomavlobisaTvis ix. laz.

labada.

megr. mosasxan `qalis zeviTa Casacmeli, saxeloebi ar hqonda,

abreSumisa da Salisagan keravdnen, gverdebSi iqiT-aqeT moyvanili iyo,

mTlianad mZivebiT gawyobili. igi muxlebamde wvdeboda, tolmaze ufro

mokle iyo~ (masalebi 1983, 243).

megr. nabad-i `nabadi; Teqa~. nabadam-i `nabdiani~ (sokos jiSi) (qobalia

502). aleiaq gegni�oT muSi WiTa nabadia `aleqsandrem gadaigdo Tavisi

wiTeli nabadi~ (xubua 1937, 159). javaxuri nabada `vaSlis jiSia, Zalian

msxmoiarea, sqeli qerqi aqvs~ (beriZe 1981). javax. nabd-i xmal-i

`nabdisagan gakeTebuli xmali~ (beriZe 1981). zogierTi avtoris

mosazrebiT, qarT. nabad-i sxva enebTan aris dakavSirebuli. kerZod: qarT.

nabad-i, iran. nymet nimæt `qeCa, nabadi~, os. namata `qeCa~, Zv. ind. namata, arab.

namat (abaevi 1973). Sdr. megr. uCanabadam-i `Savnabdiani, WianWvelas

36

tabuirebuli saxeli (WianWvelas ar axseneben, roca abreSumis Wia uziT)~

(qobalia 2010). am sityvis warmomavlobisTvis ix. laz. labada || libadi.

megr. ortafi-SarSaf-i `naqsovi, abreSumis, Wreli da farTo,

Semosakravi ~ (Wanturias arqivi, # 434). kompozitia, miRebuli megr.

ortaf-i da Turquli čaršaf `zewari~ sityvisagan.

megr. toloma || tol��ma `nabadiviT mosasxami qalisa, usaxeloebo

(masalebi 1983, 243).

megr. qeCa `Teqa, SeuRebavi nabadi~ (qobalia 2010). qarTulSic

dasturdeba qeCa, romelic ganmartebulia rogorc `nabadi~ da

Sedarebulia Turq. kečččče fuZesTan, rac niSnavs: `qeCa, Teqa~ (qegli VII,

1962).

megr. qun-i `dasaxuri, saban-gobani, saburveli; nabadi, gare mosasxami~

(qobalia 2010).

megr. qunC-i `qurqi, bewviani mosasxami~ (qajaia III, 2002); `sazogado

saxeli qurqisa, jubisa, gvabanakisa, tyapuWisa; gadabrunrbuli tyavi,

zurgze mosasxami, sazamTro samosia erTgvari, nabdis saTbura~ (qobalia

2010). qunCi WyiSiS ginaqunali re, CxuruSe do WvimaSe icvens `qunCi~

mwyemsis wamosasxamia, sicivisa da wvimisagan icavs~ (xubua 1937, 69). Sdr.

qunCa || qunCar-i `tyapuWiani, bewviani~ (qobalia 2010). Sdr. leCx. qunC-i

`qurqi, bewviani wamosasxxami~ (Rlonti 1984).

lazuri

laz. kabalaxuntka `mosasxami, romelic Txis tyavisagan mzaddeba,

wyalgaumtaria~ (Tandilava 2013).

laz. kirki || kiki `mosacmeli (Zvirfasi – oqrosi)~ (Tandilava 2013).

neÁmes moZitu kirki alTuniSi `neimes ecva oqros mosacmeli~ (JRenti 1938,

170).

laz. labada || libadi `zed Tbili Casacmeli bambis~; `mosasxami~.

saanalizo fuZis istoriisTvis ix. laz. labada samoslis saxeobebSi.

nabdis mniSvnelobiT lazurSi dasturdeba, agreTve, ÁamC-i || ÁamW-i

(Tandilava 2013), romelic SeiZleba momdinareobs Turqulidan. Sdr.

37

Turq. yamči. ÁamCi homuJikidu mxujis `nabadi gadaikida zurgze~ (kartozia

1972, 36).

laz. Cepqen-i `maudis grZelmklaviani mosasxami gaxsnili mklavebiT~

(Sdr. Turq. Cepken) (Tandilava 2013).

laz. jubbe `anafora~ (arab. cubbe) (Tandilava 2013). qodiliqunu jubbe

`Caicva anafora~ (kartozia 1970, 27). Sdr. qarT. juba 1. `ganieri

wamosasxami xalaTi~. 2. `dabambuli kurtaki~ (qegli VIII, 1964).

I qveTavSi, romelic tanisamoss exeba, masala sakmaod farTod

gamovlinda. es qveTavi paragrafebad aris dayofili. masSi aRwerili da

ganxiluli aris tanisamosis aRmniSvneli zogadi saxelebi., romlebic

ZiriTadad warmoqmnili saxelebia, nawarmoebi saerToqarTveluri qun-

Zirisagan. am qveTavSi, garda zogadi saxelebisa, ganxilulia samoslis

konkretuli saxelebi, romelsac gaudiferencirebeli vuwodeT da Semdeg

ki davajgufeT samoseli adgilmdebareobis mixedviT. Sesabamisad,

gamoiyo: SigniTa samosi, zeda samosi, qveda samosi, mosasxami. semantikur

analizTan erTad ganvixileT maTi struqtura. gamovlinda martivi, da

rTuli saxelebi, sakuTriv megrul-lazuri, saerToqarTveluri da ucxo

warmomavlobisa.

II qveTavi

fexsamosi

am qveTavSi ganxilulia fexsamosi. gamoiyofa: 1) zogadi – jgufSi

Semaval elementTa zogadi saxelwodebani da 2) kerZo –konkretuli

saxelwodebani anu fexsamosis saxeobebi.

$ 1. fexsamosi

1) zogadi saxelebi

megruli

megr. madvalar-i (ma-dval-ar-i) `fexsacmeli~ (qobalia 2010)

warmoqmnili fuZea, nawarmoebia megr. dvala `deba~ zmnisagan. warmoebis

38

mixedviT mimReobaa, gamoxatavs daniSnulebas, zedmiw. niSnavs `(fexze)

mosadebi~ (martvilurSi madvalar-i iTqmis, rogorc tanisamosis, aseve

fexsacmlis Sesaxebac). am mniSvnelobiT dasturdeba Sesityvebac da

rTuli sityvac: kuCxiSi madvalar-i || kuCx��modval-i || kuCx��modvalu/��.

isini SeiZleba daiSalos kuCxiS- an kuCx- `fexis~ da madvali an

madvalari `mosacmeli, mosadebi~. kuCxiS naTesaobiTi brunvis formaa,

romelic gamartivebuli saxiTac gvxvdeba, Cavardnilia naTesaobiTi

brunvis niSani -iS, sityvis meore komponenti, rogorc vxedavT, aris

modval-i || madvalar-i. msgavsi warmoeba gvaqvs lazurSic. warmoebis

mxriv, qarTulSic msgavsi viTarebaa. Sdr. qarT. fex-sa-cm-el-i.

lazuri

laz. modvalu (mo-dval-u) || modvaluS-i (mo-dval-u-Si) `fexsamosi

(zogadad)~ (Tandilava 2013) || kuCxeS-i modvalu/i || kuCxeSi modvaluSi

`fexsacmeli~ (mari 1910, Cveni masala). warmoebis mxriv, mocemuli fuZeebi

warmoqmnilia. megrulis msgavsad, sayrdeni fuZe nawarmoebia dval-

zmnuri Zirisagan. modvalu || modvaluSi daniSnulebis saxelebia, sadac

zmnur ZirTan erTad gamoiyofa mo- zmniswini, –u sawyisis mawarmoebeli

da –Si – naTesaobiTi brunvis niSani, romelic daniSnulebis funqcias

asrulebs, xolo rTul fuZeebSi: kuCxeS-i modvalu/i || kuCxeSi modvaluSi

pirveli Semadgeneli nawili aris kuCxe `fexi~ naTesaobiTi brunvis

formiT: kuCxe-S || kuCxe-Si `fexis~.

2) fexsamosis konkretuli saxelwodebani

fexsamosSi gamovyaviT sami jgufi: 1) fexsacmlis saxeobebi, 2)

fexsacmeli formis mixedviT.

1) fexsacmlis saxeobebi

am qvejgufSi gaerTianebulia fexsacmlis saxeobebi: qoSebi, Custebi,

Ceqmebi, winda-fexsacmeli; formis mixedviT: qusliani, maRalyeliani,

uyelo || dabalyeliani, msxvil an wvrilcxviriani; masalis mixedviT:

39

rezinis, matylis, qsovilis, xis; xarisxis mixedviT: Zveli, uvargisi,

ubralo, Zvirfasi, mdidruli; daniSnulebis mixedviT: glexuri,

sportuli, bavSvis, qalis, wuRis qveS Casacmeli, sacekvao, mTaSi,

Tovlze, WaobSi sasiarulo; gamovlenilia iseTi saxeobebi, romlebic

ganmartebulia, rogorc `erTgvari fexsacmeli~, ar aris gansazRvruli

maTi daniSnuleba. fexsacmlis jgufSi gamoiyofa iseTi saxeobebic,

romelTa saxelwodeba gamomdinareobs fexsacmlis sawarmoeblad

gamoyenebuli masalisagan. maSasadame, fexsacmlis saxeebi gamoyofilia:

formis, masalis, daniSnulebis mixedviT. mniSvnelovania leqsikur

erTeulTa struqtura ― gvaqvs rogorc martivi, aseve nawarmoebi

sityvebi; mniSvnelovania maTi sxva enebTan mimarTebis sakiTxi. radganac

TiToeul saxeobas gaaCnia ramdenime maxasiaTebeli erTdroulad, amitom

maT saxeobebSi vaerTianebT da cal-calke jgufebad ar ganvixilavT.

megruli

megr. Cafla || Cafula (masalebi 1983, 243) `fexsacmeli~ || Caf��la || Cafia

`fexsacmeli~, `qalamani~ (xis qerqisagan mzaddeba) (yifSiZe 1994) || Cafila.

baRanas Cafla kvarCxiSe qumudval� `bavSvs fexsacmeli ukuRma Caucvams~

(Cveni masala). Sdr. laz. Cafla (Tandilava 2013) || Cafula || Cabla `wuRa~

(mari 1910); qarT. Cafula `ferÃis sacmeli~ (saba II, 1993). Zv. qarT. Cafla

1) `qalamani~ (abulaZe 1973); 2) `Ceqmaze Casacmeli maSia, galoSis msgavsi~

(javaxiSvili 1930, 219-220). qarT. Cafula (imer.) `uquslo, dabalyeliani

fexsacmeli, _ wuRa~ (qegli VII, 1962).

Cafula-s formis Sesaxeb iv. javaxiSvili wers: `Cafula da wuRa

erTnairad ikereba, cxviri wvetiani aqvs, kalapoti sworia da amitomac

marjvena da marcxena Cafula erTi meorisagan ar gairCeva~ (masalebi 1983,

249).

saanalizo sityva rTuli fuZis Semadgeneli nawilia. kerZod:

kuCxCafulam-i (kuCx-Caful-am-i – kuCx- `fexi~, Caful-am-i `(fex)sacmliani),

kuCxuCafule (kuCx-u-Caful-e _ kuCx- `fexi~, u-Cafl-e u(fex)-sacml-o)

`fexSiSveli~ (qajaia II, 2002).

40

sityvis istoriisaTvis mniSvnelovania, rom es fuZe Sedarebulia sxva

enis monacemTan: qarT. Cafula `fexsacmeli~, svan. Zab��r `fexsacmeli~,

svan. Caf��l `wuRi~, zan (m) Cafula || Cafola `qalamani~, zan (W) Cafula,

os. 0000abir `wuRi~ (abaevi 1958, 387).

mocemuli sityvis istoriis Sesaxeb msjelobs k. danelia. mas miaCnia,

rom qarT. Cafula || Cafla (`ferÃis sacmeli, monazvnis fexsacmeli,

qalamani~) qarTulSi kolxuridan aris Sesuli. fuZis amosavali

semantikisTvis is aRadgens kolx. *Can-fula da xsnis amgvarad: Can- ||

Cal+fula `fexis dafarva, fexi+dafarva~. misi azriT, kolx. *Cal- || Can-

`fexi, Seferxeba~ (qarT. CanCal- (Can-Cal-) `fexis TreviT siaruli~), ful-

(fula) `dafarva~ (danelia 1991, 622).

ganmartebebidan gamomdinare, megr. Cafula fexsacmlis erTgvari

zogadi saxelia, amdenad, amitom ganvixileT is upirvelesad.

megr. Cafla SeiZleba iyos sxvadasxva saxisa:

Cafla SxuriS-i (kacis), Cafla Wabrul-i (kacis), Cafla xuWil-i (kacis)

(Wanturias arqivi, # 434). vfiqrobT, Cafla SxuriSi matylis fexsacmelia,

xolo Cafla xuWili aris `danaoWebuli fexsacmeli

megr. kaniS Cafla || kaniS Cafula `qalamani~ (masalebi 1983, 243);

kaniSCafla || kanCafula, kanCafla, kanCafia `qalamani, tyavis fexsacmeli~

(qajaia II, 2002).

megr. burTul-i Cafla (kacis) `gardigardmo Sekruli Txis tyavis

fexsacmeli~ (Wanturias arqivi, # 434).

megr. kakam Cafla – fexsacmeli erTgvari, Sesakravebiani (kaka `mZivi~,

e.i. kakami “mZivebiani”) (qobalia 2010).

megr. meSiS-i Cafla `meSis fexsacmeli~; megr. meS-i `meSi~ – `cxvris

tyavi~ (masalebi 1983, 250); meSin-i `nebismieri damuSavebuli tyavi~

(qajaia II, 2002).

megr. ozgilitaia Cafla `sriala fexsacmels~ (Cveni masala). Sdr. megr.

ozgilitaia `sriala, sasrialo, molipuli~ (qajaia 2010).

megr. aziack-i `aziuri uquslo, wvrilWvintiani, fexze Semotkecili

tyavis maRalyeliani Ceqma~. aziacki maaZudu kuCxis `im kacs aziurebi

ecva fexze~ (qajaia I, 2001). Semosulia rusulidan. Sdr. rus. азиатский.

41

megr. balaR-i `fexsacmeli erTgvari (Zroxisa da xbos tyavisagan

mzaddeboda)~ (masalebi 1983, 250).

megr. baletka `CustiviT fexsacmeli~. asede miSarT baletkemq `axlaxan

Semovida baletkebi~ (Cveni masala).

megr. bandil-i `blondi, SoriSor naqseli, dablanduli; banduli

(erTgvari Zirgabanduli tyavis fexsacmeli Tovlsa da yinvaSi

sasiarulod)~ (qobalia 2010). bandil-i (band-il-i) mimReobaa, romelic

megr. band- (band-ua) `blandva, SoriSor qselva~ zmnuri Ziridan aris

nawarmoebi. Sdr. qarT. banduleb-i 1. lanCa-dawnuli fexsacmeli (saba);

`mTaSi sasiarulo qalamani, romelsac Zirebi wvrilis RvediTa aqvs

dawnuli~; 2. kuTx. (imer.) nabdisagan Sekerili Tbili fexsacmeli (Sdr.

bagvi `matylis sqeli winda TovlSi sasiarulod~) (qegl I, 2008).

megr. basanoCka `sazafxulo fexsacmeli~. Cqimi didaq goRa skvami

basanoCka momiR `dedaCemma (Cemma dedam) guSin lamazi bosonoSi momitana~

(Cveni masala).

megr. batinka || baSmakef-i `dabalyeliani zamTris fexsacmeli~ (Cveni

masala). a. Wanturia baSmakebs ganmartavs rogorc `qalis fexsacmeli~

(Wanturias arqivi, # 434, fondi). zoTons batinkefi oko midve, tibas

qugoko rdeda `zamTarSi `baTinkebi~ unda Caicva, Tu ginda Tbilad iyo~

(Cveni masala).

megr. baCuC-i `Custi~ oTaxis baCuCefiT gilula `oTaxSi CustebiT

dadian~ (Cveni masala).

megr. baCxaCxia `qoSebi~. baCxaCxiaT gilurs `qoSiT dadis~ (Cveni

masala).

megr. biwkal-i – (sacekvao fexsacmeli). koxta, koxtad moyvanili

msubuqi fexsacmeli, cerze mdgariviT SemarTuli (qobalia 2010). Sdr.

megr. biwk-i `fexis wveri, ceri~.

megr. biwkantia `puantebis msgavsi uyelo, koxtad moyvanili msubuqi

fexsacmeli, upiratesad naWrisa an rbili tyavisa, romelsac WvintTan

datanebuli hqonda naWeri cerebze siarulisa da cekvis gasaadvileblad.

ityodnen fexsacmelSi meti siTbosaTvis Casatanebel naWris uyelo

windebzec da, iSviaTad, oboxuazec, xis qoSze, saboze~ (qobalia 2010).

avtors saanalizo sityvasTan Sesadareblad mohyavs biwk-i `fexis wveri,

42

ceri~. SeiZleba am Zirisgan iyos nawarmoebi mocemuli sityva, romelic

`cerul cekvasac~ niSnavs.

megr. berwkinte `brWyviala fexsacmeli~ (sapatarZlo fexsacmeli)

(qobalia 2010). moWyudus berwkinte maZ�d `patarZals brWyviala

fexsacmeli ecva~ (Cveni masala).

megr. bot-i `rezinis Ceqma~. WvimaSi gilaularo botefi oko u�ide

baRanems `wvimaSi sasiarulod rezinis Ceqmebi unda vuyido bavSvebs~

(Cveni masala). nasesxebia rusulidan.

megr. bug-i `matylis Tbili fexsacmeli~ ← *bogv-i. qarT. bagv-i

`matylis sqeli winda TovlSi sasiarulod~; `nabdis Tbili, yeliani

fexsacmeli~. s. qarTv. *bagu (Cuxua 2000-2003, 56). bugi CxuruSi madvalaro

jgirie `bugi siciveSi Casacmelad kargia~ (Cveni masala).

megr. espadrel-i `CustiviT fexsacmeli~ (Cveni masala).

megr. valnik-i `rezinis Ceqma, botebi~. Ticali Wvima re, valnikefi oko

qimibdve `ise wvims, rezinis Ceqmebi unda Cavicva~ (Cveni masala). Sdr.

qarT. valenkeb-i (rus. валенки) `qeCis Ceqmebi~ (qegli IV, 1955).

megr. vitiaSka `maRalyeliani Ceqma muxlzemoT~ (Cveni masala).

megr. Txilamur-i || Txiam-i `Txilamuri~ (qobalia 2010). qarT.

Txilamureb-i 1. moRunuli da rkalad Sekruli Txilis an sxva risame

totebi gardigardmo TokiT an wneliT gaxlarTuli; ikraven

fexsacmelebze. xmaroben mTaSi did TovlSi sasiarulod; amJamad

uwodeben Tovlsabij Txilamurebs; 2. fexebqveS amosakravi grZeli da

brtyeli Zelebi, Tovlze sasrialo, sasiarulo...) (qegli IV, 1955).

TuSurSic dasturdeba Txilamur�� `did TovlSi sasiarulod dagrexili

wnelebisagan gakeTebuli fexze amosakravi rgolebi~ (cocaniZe 2012).

megr. kalatoz-i `xis qusliani fexsacmeli~ (Cveni masala).

megr. kaloSk-i `kaloSi~. kaloSkis wyari menove `kaloSs Turme wyali

Sesdis~ (Cveni masala). Sdr. rus. калоши `kaloSebi~.

megr. ketef-i `sportuli fexsacmeli~. burTis ketefiT lafena `burTs

ketebiT TamaSoben~ (Cveni masala).

megr. kunta TaTman-i `mokle winda. es iyo Taviseburi saSinao

fexsacmelic, upiratesad naqsovi, Salis ZafebiT moqsovil xalvaT

43

windas ZirSi tyavs gamoakerebdnen da xevsuruli TaTebisa da TuSuri

CiTebis msgavsad xmarobdnen~ (qobalia 2010).

megr. koTxunj-i || koxunj-i `xis qerqis an Wilis qalamani~; glexuri

fexsacmelia erTgvari~ (qobalia 2010). gvxvdeba sabasTanac.

megr. lanCa `kacis fexsacmeli~ (Wanturias arqivi, # 434). qarT. lanCa

(lanCisa) 1. sqeli tyavi fexsacmlis Zirisa. 2. kuTx. (qiz.) iatakis ficris

qveS datanebuli soli an nafoti simagrisaTvis (s. menT.) (qegli IV, 1955).

megr. larCem-i (larCim-i) `Ceqmis msgavsi fexsacmeli~ (Wanturias arqivi,

# 434).

megr. last-i || lastef-i `Custebi~. e unorme baRanaq lastefi gale

qomi�oT `am aranormalurma bavSvma Custefi gareT gamigdo~ (Cveni

masala).

megr. maguia || magu || magunia `Sinnamzadi fexsacmeli WaobSi da qvis

karierze sasiarulod (adre iTleboda xisgan, mogvianebiT ikereboda

manqanis saburavisagan)~; magu `mogvi, tyavi, cudi fexsacmeli.~ (qobalia

2010). m. Cuxua am fuZes saerToqarTvelurad miCnevs – magu-ia `waRa~, Wan.

mangu `sabeli~. qarT. mogv-i `fexsacmlis saxeoba~. svan. meg�, sa-meg�

`tyavi~. s.qarTv. * meg�� `tyavis Tasmebiani fexsacmeli~ → qarT. mogv-i ←

*meg��-i, zan. magu- → || mangu, svan. meg��, sa-meg�� (Cuxua 2000-2003, 151).

megr. matatia || matatafal-i `flosti, Custi, fexis wasadgmeli.~

(qobalia 2010). kuCxiq TeSi domSind�, matatiaS meti muTuni vammadvine

`fexi ise damisivda, Custis mets verafers ver vicvam~ (Cveni masala). Sdr.

motatafa `Cacma, fexis wadgma fostlebSi~ (qobalia 2010). mocemuli

zmnuri fuZidan aris nawarmoebi es sityva.

megr. maSaia || maS-i || maSia `fexCasadgmeli (qalisa, qoSiviT), Ziri

rkinisa iyo daWedili~; `fexsacmeli (qalis) uquslo; `sapire mxolod

win aqvs, Cadgmuli fexis qusli Riaa, saZire muyaosi aqvs. fexCasadgmeli

(CustiviT)~ (masalebi 1983, 244-249); `uquslo fostali an qoSi (Wanturias

arqivi, # 434). Sdr. qarTl. maSia 1) ax. qarT. `qalis sazafxulo

fexsacmeli, ucxviro da usaqusro~ (ixmareba e. w. bosonoJkis

mniSvnelobiT). 2) Zv. `qoSis msgavsi fexsacmeli~ (qegli V, 1958).

44

megr. maCarxafal-i || CarxiaAA`fexis wasadgmeli Zveli fexsacmeli,

jRanebi~ (qobalia 2010). mi re amdRa, CarxiaT gilursuni `vin aris dRes,

jRanebiT rom dadis?~ (Cveni masala).

megr. mesT-i || mest-i `yeliani fexsacmeli wuRis qveS Casacmeli, ikereba

cxvris tyavisagan, uZiro dabalyeliani fexsacmelia (masalebi 1983, 244-

249). Sdr. Turq. mest, osuri mest `tarsikonis winda, Ceqmebi~.

megr. obawkaia `koxta, WraWuna, bakuna (fexsacmeli)~ (qobalia 2010).

WiWelems u�ora obawkaia CaflaSi modvala `patarebs uyvarT bakuna

fexsacmlis Cacma~ (Cveni masala). vfiqrobT, es sityva warmoqmnilia,

nawarmoebia megr. bawk- zmnuri Ziridan. Sdr. megr. bawkini `baka-buki,

WraWuni (fexsacmlisa) (qobalia 2010), SeiZleba gvaqvs ormagi warmoeba:

bawk- zmnuri Ziridan pirvel safexurze -a (is SeiZleba iyos qonebis an

kninobiTobis) sufiqsis meSveobiT aris nawarmoebi bawk-a *`bakuna~ da

meore safexurze o- daniSnulebis prefiqsisa da kninobiTobis –ia

sufiqsiT miviReT es forma. maSasadame, *o-bawk-a-ia (Sdr. Cel-a, Cel-a-ia).

megr. oboxua `braxuna, fexis xis proTezi, xis qoSi, sabo, oCofexebi,

WaobSi savali grZeli joxi, romelsac fexis dasadgmeli aqvs

miWedebuli” (qajaia III, 2002). Cqimi mumas uRudu oboxua, fSu `Cems mamas

(mamaCems) hqonda oboxua, maxsovs~ (Cveni masala). es igive oCofexia.

vfiqrobT, sityva nawarmoebia box- `braxuni~ zmnuri Zirisagan, -ua

sawyisis mawarmoebelia, xolo TavsarTi o- qarTuli daniSnulebis sa-

prefiqsis fardi unda iyos. e. i. *o-box-ua `braxuniT (xmauriT)

siarulisTvis gankuTvnili~. vfiqrobT, bgerweriTi sityvaa. a.

qobaliasTan gvxvdeba oboxuaS gerina `Sejibreba oCofexebiT siarulSi~

(qobalia 2010).Msainteresoa erTi megruli andazac: koCi jaSa oboxuami

eSmeSua do eSmakiq Tqua: ase geglanTxasini, ma qodmabralensia `kaci xeze

omboxebiani adioda, eSmakma Tqva: axla rom Camovardes, me damabralebso~

(memiSiSi, Serozia 1990, 74).

megr. orSvalef-i `bandulebi~ (qobalia 2010). Sdr. qarT. bandul-i

`erTgvari xis fexsacmeli maguias tipisa~ (qegli II, 2010). megr.

orSvalef-i daniSnulebis saxelia, nawarmoebia megr. rSu- || Su- (rSu-ala

|| Sua-la) `qsova, wvna~ zmnuri Zirisagan o-al konfiqsiT.

45

megr. orCofex-i `qoSiviT fexsacmeli~. es aris igive oCokuCx-i `grZeli

joxebi, romelsac kacis simaRleze fexis dasadgmeli Sverilebi aqvs

(qobalia 2010). baRanobas miZir� orCofexi maZ�des�ni `bavSvobisas minaxavs,

oCofexa rom ecvaT~ (Cveni masala). Sdr. qarT. oCofexa `fostlis msgavsi

fexis xis Ziriani fexsacmeli~ (qegli VI, 1960).

megr. paWiW-i `paiWi~ (bavSvis fexsacmeli) (qobalia 2010). WiWe vordini,

bebi paWiWis mumodvand� `patara rom viyavi, bebia paiWs macmevda~ (Cveni

masala). Sdr. qarT. paiW-i `wvivze wamosacmeli (Cveulebriv masSi aris

Catanebuli Sarvlis toti)~ (qegli VI, 1960).

megr. rant-i `boti~. so re rantiT ulin�ni, onjRore varduo `sad aris

botiT rom wasula, sircxvili ar iyo?~ (Cveni masala). Sdr. qarT. rant-i,

germ. rand `napiri, arSia~, `fexsacmelze Semovlebuli tyavis viwro arSia,

romelzedac mikerebulia fexsacmlis Ziri~. is rusuli enis meSveobiT

aris qarTulSi Semosuli (qegli VI, 1960), aqedan ki _ megrulSi.

megr. sabo || saboia `sqelZiriani, maRalqusliani, uquslo fexsacmeli~.

ma muWo fSuni, sabos quri vauRudu `me rogorc maxsovs, sabos qusli ar

hqonda~. (Cveni masala).

megr. samge `fexsacmeli erTgvari (Zirs qusli rkiniT iyo daWedebuli)~

(masalebi 1983, 243). Sdr. gur. samuge `Txis tyavi, meSi~ (SaraSiZe 1938).

megr. sandal-i `fexsacmeli~ (basanoCkasaviT) (masalebi 1983, 249).

qarTulSic dasturdeba sandal-i, romlis erT-erTi mniSvnelobaa

`msubuqi sazafxulo fexsacmeli~; Zv. saberZneTsa da romSi xmarebuli

fexsacmeli, warmoadgenda xis, korpis an tyavis saZires, romelsac fexze

tasmebiT amagrebdnen (qegli VI, 1960).

megr. sacveT-i (kacis sacveTi) (wylis qveS Casacmeli) `wuRis SigniT

Casacmeli (yeliani), Txeli tyavisgan keravdnen~; `dabalyeliani uZiro

wuRa~; `wvivze Casacmeli, zeviTa da qveviTa napirs qvemodan qoba hqonda .

qvemoT paWanaki aqvs fexis gasayreli, ikereboda ukuRma piridan~

(masalebi 1983, 243, 249). qarT. sacveT-i 1. wvivebze Casacmeli tyavisa (an

Salisa); faravs fexs muxlidan koWebamde, _ sawvive; 2. kuTx. (imer.) igivea,

rac daTva. (qegli VI, 1960). Sdr. aWar. sacveT-i `uZiro fexsacmeli,

46

mokleyelaa, dabla viwroa, maRla – farTo, koWTan aris Sesnili, tyavis

Tasmebi aq da imiT ikvreba~ (koberiZe 2011, 80).

megr. tatabia. ganumartavia. avtori ganixilavs qalis fexsacmelTa

rigSi (Wanturias arqivi, # 434).

megr. tufl-i `lanCiani uyelo fexsacmeli~. guSulirSo tufli moko

ipWueni `gazafxulisTvis (gamosulisTvis) tufli minda Sevikero~ (Cveni

masala).

megr. tufl-basanoCka `naxevrad Ria da naxevrad daxuruli

fexsacmeli~. (Cveni masala).

megr. faCuC-i `Custi~. yudeS madvalaro faCuCis xvarena `saxlSi

Casacmelad Custs xmaroben~ (Cveni masala). qarTulSic dasturdeba faCuC-

i 1. saSinao Tbili, uquslo fexsacmeli. || Custi; 2. bavSvis fexsacmeli

rbili tyavisa (qiz.) Sinauri frinvlis fexze Sebmuli niSani (qegli VII,

1962).

megr. fostal-i `flosti~. fostals �udes midvana `flosts saxlSi

Caicvamen~ (Cveni masala). qarT. fostal-i igivea, rac flosti (qegli VII,

1962). qarT. flosti `uquslo fexsacmeli; Cveulebriv saSinao; sapire

mxolod TaTze aqvs~ (qegli VII, 1962). fostal-i warmoqmnili sityvaa,

nawarmoebia spars. fost- `tyavi~ Ziridan. Sdr. aWar. fost-i `qeCxo~

(koberiZe 2011, 30).

megr. foCiS-i `tyavis fexsacmeli~ (Wanturias arqivi, # 434). warmoebis

mixedviT, daniSnulebis saxeli Cans: *foCi-Si `tyavisa~.

megr. qalaman-i `xami tyavis fexsacmeli~ (glexuri fexsacmeli)

(masalebi 1983, 250). Cqimi babu Wand� qalamans tyebiSe `Cemi babua

(babuaCemi) keravda qalamans tyavisgan~ (Cveni masala).

megr. qosala `fexsacmeli erTgvari~ (qobalia 2010). dasturdeba

qarTulSic: qosala [Sdr. spar. gosala ,,boCola~] 1. xbos tyavi, dabaxanaSi

gamoyvanili fexsacmlis sapired. 2. kuTx. (gur.) `sqeli da uxeSi sawuRe

tyavi~ (qegli VII, 1962).

megr. qoS-i `maRalqusliani fexsacmeli, upiratesad saSinao~

(Wanturias arqivi, # 434). qoSi dinaxale mumoZ�na, mara kankaleSa

47

sagareoT xolo fxvarenT `qoSi Sin gvacvia, magram zogjer gareT

Casacmeladac (sagareodac) vxmarobT~ (Cveni masala).

megr. RaSia || RarSia || noRarSia `cudi tyavisagan damzadebuli

fexsacmeli saerTod Zveli, uvargisi~. gale kaloSi mimoZu do dinaxale

RaSia `gareT kaloSi macvia da SigniT _ RaSia~ (qajaia III, 2002).

megr. yayab-i || yayafi (qoSi) `xis Ziriani quslebiani mZime fexsacmeli,

qoSebi (masalebi 1983, 244; kilanava 1998); `qalebis fexsacmeli~ (Waraia

1997). ioseb yifSiZesTan yayab-i aris `tyavis cxviriani fexsacmeli

maRalquslian xis Zirze~ (yifSiZe 1994). ZRab mirule yayabami, boS

geTxozu nabadami `gogo mirbis qoSiani, biWi misdevs nabdiani~ (qajaia III,

2002). yayaf-i miRebuli aris b-s dayruebiT. yayabi SeiZleba iyos: Jiri

borkami òrfexa~, oTxi borkami òTxfexa~; birkulami `rikulebiani~

(Wanturias arqivi, # 434).

megr. Suz-i || Suzef-i `maRalyeliani zamTris fexsacmeli~. zoTons

maZ�na Suzefi `zamTarSi acviaT Suzebi~ (Cveni masala). Sdr. inglisuri

shoes ̀fexsacmeli, Ceqma~ (sityva SedarebiT axali Semosulia).

megr. Slopancef/b-i `rezinis, TiTgasayreli fexsacmeli~. Slopancefi

kiTiS miTarRvafali Cafla re `Slopancebi TiTis gasayreli

fexsacmeli aris~ (Cveni masala).

megr. Cakaboxu `fexsacmeli~ (Wanturias arqivi, # 434). vfiqrobT, is

rTuli sityvaa da SesaZloa daiSalos: Caka da boxu fuZeebad. sityvis

meore Semadgeneli nawili SeiZleba aris `box~ Ziris Semcveli da,

Sesabamisad, Cakaboxu òboxuasaviT didi, braxuna fexsacmeli~.

megr. Ceqma `Ceqma~ (Waraia 1997). mis Sesaxeb saba wers: Ceqma TurqTa

enaa, qarTulad `mogvi~ hqvian (saba 1993). gvaqvs am Ziridan no- da -ia

afiqsebiT nawarmoebi megr. noCeqmia èrTi ubadruki Ceqma” (qobalia 2010).

qumuRirzafu Ceqma do qimurs kampaniaSa `Caucvams Ceqma da midis

qorwilSi~ (Cveni masala).

megr. Cust-i `Custi~; `kaloSisnairad amoRebuli fexsacmeli~ (qalis);

`qalebis fexsacmeli. guli amoRebuli aqvs, feradi tyaviT moqobili,

zogjer quslic ukeTdeba~ (masalebi 1983, 244, 249). Custi gemuani

madvalari mafu `Custi moxerxebuli (gemrieli) Casacmeli maqvs~ (Cveni

masala).

48

megr. Cxark-i `Custi, Zveli flostebi~. dasturdeba am Ziridan no- da

-ia afiqsebiT nawarmoebi megr. noCxarkia `fostlebi, jRanebi, nagdebi

fexsacmeli~ (qobalia 2010). sodgareni miRudu Cxarki do soTini vaorwyeq

`sadRac mqonda Zveli flostebi da versad ver vxedav~ (Cveni masala).

megr. Cxaputia igivea, rac Cxarki, jRarki, ― quslCakecili wuRa.

(qajaia III, 2002). irdixaSa Cxaputia mikuZ� `yvelgan Cxaputi udevs~ (Cveni

masala). Sdr. gur. Cxaputi Zveli uquslo fexsacmeli (Rlonti 1984).

gurulSi Cxaputi zanizmi unda iyos.

megr. carck-i `samefo fexsacmeli, mdidruli~. jveSo mdidarems carcki

maZ�des `Zvelad mdidrebs `carcki~ ecvaT~ (Cveni masala). Sdr. rus. цар

`mefe~, e.i. `samefo fexsacmeli~.

megr. ciblik-i `Sverili; xis maRalqusliani qoSebi~ (qobalia 2010).

megr. wuRa || wuRaz-i `wuRa; maRalyeliani, qusliani fexsacmeli~

(qobalia 2010); ùyelo fexsacmeli~ (sapire amoRebuli aqvs, Ziri

Semokerebulia). didaq qumuR� skuas Cani kiTiSi maSxva wuRazefi `dedam

moutana Svils ceri TiTis simsxo wuRebi~ (yifSiZe 1994, 60). wuRis

Sesaxeb iv. javaxiSvili ambobs: `wuRas gamoWridnen fexis zomis mixedviT.

is qvevidan ikereboda. zeviT erTi TiTis sifarTeze iyo ginozekili

(gadayolebuli) da silamazis mizniT aTasnairad xanturandes

(moxatavdnen) zogi mwvane ZafiT da zogi sirmiT (masalebi 1983, 243). Sdr.

qarT. waRa `maRalyeliani, qusliani fexsacmeli~, svan. waR-ar-al

`wuRebi~. m. Cuxua am fuZes aRadgens s.qarTvelurSi. kerZod: zan. (megr.)

wuRa ùyelo an dabalyeliani fexsacmeli~, Wan. wuRa `Cafula,

fexsacmeli~, qarT. waRa `maRalyeliani, qusliani fexsacmeli~, svan.

{waR}, waR-ar-al `wuRebi~. s.qarTv. *waR-a `Casacmeli, fexsacmeli~ →

qarT. waR-a, zan. wuR-a ← *woR-a, svan. waR-ar-��l (Cuxua 2000-2003, 355).

megr. wuRa-mest-i wuRis SigniT icvamdnen ara marto windebs, aramed

Txeli tyavisagan Sekeril mestebs (|| mesTebs), aqedan: wuRa-mesti (qajaia

III, 2002).

megr. wuRaziS Cafla `wuRis SigniT Casacmeli saTbura~ (qobalia 2010).

waRa ùZiro fexsacmeli~ (masalebi 1983, 250). ix. laz. wuRa `fexsacmeli~.

49

megr. jurab-i || jorab-i èrTgvari fexsacmeli~ (Cveni masala). Sdr.

spars. ǏurǏurǏurǏurāb b b b `winda (rogorc mokle, aseve grZelyeliani)~ (rubinCiki 1983).

dasturdeba TurqulSic: Sdr. Turq. čorap čorap čorap čorap `winda~.

megr. jRark-i igivea, rac Cxark-i, ― `Zveli fexsacmeli (uvargisi),

romelsac ar aqvs saqusari, ― mocilebulia an Cakecili~. jRarkijgura

Cafla mimoZudes `jRani fexsacmeli gvecva~ (qajaia III, 2002). Sdr. raW.

jRark-i jRani~ (beriZe, 1912). javax. jRan-i `Tasmis gamownuli Zveli

qalamani~, jRanai (metsaxelia mamakacisa), jRani-mani `Zvelmani tanisamosi

Tu fexsacmeli~ (beriZe 1981). qarT. jRan-i 1. gacveTili, daxeuli

fexsacmeli; 2. gabanduli qalamani. 2. saub. gadat. cudi, uSno ram. (qegli

VIII, 1964).

am jgufSi ganvixilavT: windebs, fexze Semosaxvevebs.

megruli

megr. gamaS-i `Ceqmisa da wuRis mosacmeli~ (eliava 1997). Cveni masalis

mixedviT, gamaSi aris muxlamde grZeli windac, romelic acviaT

fexburTelebs.

megr. getr-i (frang. guêtre ̀ tyavis an qsovilis sawvive saTburi (samosi)~.

tibu getri mumoZ� `Tbili getri macvia~ (Cveni masala).

megr. elastik-i `reituzis msgavsi Casacmeli~. i ZRabis elastiki maZ�d�

ìm gogos elastiki ecva~ (Cveni masala).

megr. TaT{i}man-i || TaT��man-i || kuCxiS-i TaTman-i `TaTmani~, `winda~

(grZeli) `winda-fexsacmeli, fexis TaTmani~ (Waraia 1997; qajaia II, 2002;

Cveni masala). arT TaTmans kvarCxiSe qimibdvanqia èrT windas ukuRma

Cavicvamo~ (xubua 1937, 246). `TaTmani~ SeiZleba iyos sxvadasxva saxis:

aJurn-i TaTman-i `zigzagebiani mokle an grZeli winda~ (Cveni masala).

megr. brezrazmeraS-i TaTman-i `welvadi winda, mokle an grZeli~ (Cveni

masala). Sesityvebis pirveli wevri nasesxebia rusulidan da gaCenilia r

fonema. Sdr. rus. без размера.

50

megr. gaqital-i `Ceqmis SigniT SiSvel fexze Semosaxvevi naWrebi,

saxvevi~ (qobalia 2010). amis paralelurad gvxvdeba megr. geq��tal-i

`fexze Semosaxvevi naWeri~ (masalebi 1983, 244). ix. qitua.

megr. godg��mil-i TaTman-i ùkan gakerili, xazi, nakeri rom gasdevs

iseTi winda~ (Cveni masala).

megr. kunta TaTman-i `mokle winda. es iyo Taviseburi saSinao

fexsacmelic, upiratesad naqsovi. Salis ZafebiT moqsovil xalvaT

windas ZirSi tyavs gamoakerebdnen da xevsuruli TaTebisa da TuSuri

CiTebis msgavsad xmarobdnen~ (qobalia 2010).

megr. nask-i `winda~. ketefiSi dinaxale naski inomiuns `ketebis SigniT

winda maqvs Cayolebuli~ (Cveni masala). Sdr. rus. носок `winda~.

megr. Semux-i || Sumux-i `paiWze gareT idebdnen muxlze. is agreTve

sirmiT iyo gawyobili.~ meore ganmarteba: `muxlze dasadebi (vaJebisTvis)

paWiWis qvemoT;~ moqsovili iyo RarTisagan (masalebi 1983, 243-244).

lazuri

laz. Cafula `fexsacmeli~ da misi fonetikuri variantebi, saerTo

masalis gamo, ganvixileT megrul fexsacmlis saxeobebTan. ix. II qveTavis,

$ 2.

laz. az&&&&atsk-i àziuri fexsacmeli kacis CeqmasaviT~ (diumezili 2009).

mjveSefes az&atskefe moZites `Zvelebs aziurebi ecvaT~ (Cveni masala). mis

warmomavlobasTan dakavSirebiT ix. megr. aziacki.

laz. baSmayan-i `fexsacmeli erTgvari~. masalaSi miTiTebulia, rom is

TaTrulia (lazuris fondi).

laz. borCxal-i èrTgvari fexsacmeli, formiT didi~ (lazuris

fondi).

laz. valink-i `rezinis Ceqma~. man valinki va miRun `me rezinis Ceqma ar

maqvs~ (Cveni masala.). ix megr. valinki.

laz. Texel-i `Zroxis fexis tyavisagan gakeTebuli flostebi~

(Tandilava 2013).

51

laz. Txelamure `Tovlis fexsacmeli, xedeki~ (uzunhasanoRlu, bujak-

liSi, aleqsiva 2007).

laz. kaloS-i `kaloSi~ (Sdr. Turq. kaloš) (lazuris fondi). kaloS-

foTin-i `kaloSi da fexsacmeli~ (lazuris fondi) || foTini kaloSi ||

kaloSi `kaloSi, rezinis fexsacmeli~ (uzunhasanoRlu, bujakliSi, aleq-

siva 2007). si ar kaloSi qomeginjRoni `Sen erTi kaloSi gamogigzavne~

(JRenti 1938, 163). ix. megr. kaloSki.

laz. kapWin-i `fexsacmeli~; `naxevarwinda, matylisgan moqsovili~

(Tandilava 2013).

laz. katir-i2 (xof., mari) `qalis fexsacmeli, romelsac patarZals

Cuqnida dedamTili~ (Tandilava 2013).

laz. lastik-i (Cxal.) || lastiR-i (furt.) `kaloSi~ (uzunhasanoRlu, bu-

jakliSi, aleqsiva 2007). mWimas-Si lastiki moidvaminon `Tu iwvimebs,

kaloSs Cavicvam~ (Cveni masala). Sdr. Turq. lastik `rezini, rezinisa~.

laz. mesT-i || mest-i. am sityvis ramdenime ganmarteba gvaqvs mocemuli: 1)

`yeliani fexsacmeli wuRis qveS Casacmeli~ (Cveni masala) 2) Cafula

―`tyavis Custi~ (lazuris fondi); 3) `uZiro wuRa~. badefeq zamanis mesTi

muidumetes `moxucebi Zvelad uZiro wuRas icvamdnen~ (Tandilava 2013).

Sdr. arab.-Turq. mest. ix. megr. mesti.

laz. mid-i `flosti~ (Tandilava 2013).

laz. nalin-i `xis qoSi~ (Sdr. arab.-Turq. nalin) (Tandilava 2013).

naliniTe goulu `qoSiT davdivar~ (kartozia 1972, 216).

laz. nalCon-i `nalini~ (fexsacmeli). es sityva warmoqmnilia,

nawarmoebia Turq. Turq. nalca-dan -on sufiqsis meSveobiT.

laz. papuw-i `saxlSi fexze Casacmeli, romelsac ukana mxare ara aqvs,

flosti~, `Custi~ (Sdr. Turq.-spars. pabuč) (Tandilava 2013). wkais meÁtuSi,

papuwi qodolalu `wyalSi rom gadioda, flosti (qoSi) Cauvarda~

(JRenti 1972, 134).

laz. safoR-i `Ceqma~ || safoxi `Ceqma~ (Tandilava 2013). aÁa koCis

safoRefe moZin `im kacs Ceqmebi acvia~ (Cveni masala). Sdr. rus. сапог.

52

laz. uZiru `fexze Casacmeli yeliani Custi, romelsac ZirSi tyavi ara

aqvs~ (Tandilava 2013). nawarmoebia Zir- fuZeze uqonlobis u- afiqsis

darTviT.

laz. foTin-i `fexsacmeli~ (Sdr. amave mniSvnelobis frang. bottin).

kuCxes foTini qomuidu `fexze tuflebi Caicva~ (Ciqobava 1929, 7).

laz. fosTal-i || fostal-i `wuRa~ (Tandilava 2013). boSine fostali

mo biwuf `tyuilad wuRas nu xev!~ (Ciqobava 1929, 134).

laz. qalman < qalaman || qelman-i (mari 1910). qarT. qalaman-i || gur.

qalaban-i (JRenti 1936, 24). qalamani qomovidviT `qalamani CavicviT~

(Ciqobava 1929, 96). samecniero literaturaSi qarT. qalaman-i

Sedarebulia os. gala || galatæ `fexsacmeli~ (abaevi 1958, 507).

laz. qontra `fexsacmeli~ (uzunhasanoRlu, bujakliSi, aleqsiva 2007) ||

qonTra `yeliani fexsacmeli~ (Tandilava 2013). qonTraSi nokuCxeni letas

qogÁoxen `batinkis nafexuri miwas amCnevia~ (Ciqobava 1936, 140). Sdr. megr.

kondra `mamakacTa xis qoSi~ (qajaia II, 2002).

laz. Castara `flostebi~ (Tandilava 2013).

laz. Cizme || Cize `Ceqma, waRa~ (Sdr. Turq. ččččizme) (lazuris fondi). ar

eheri, arTi baba muSiSi Cizme wutelas qodosqidu `erTi unagiri, erTic

mamamisis Ceqma umcross daurCa~ (yifSiZe 1994, 56). lazurSi am

mniSnelobiT Ceqmac dasturdeba (Cveni masala).

laz. xedek-i || xedik-i `Tovlze sasiarulo Txilamuri~ (Tandilava

2013). amave mniSneleobiT gvaqvs: Txilamure (Cveni masala).

laz. wang-i (berZn.) `qalis yeliani fexsacmeli~ (Tandilava 2013).

laz. wuRa || wuRazi `maRalyeliani, qusliani fexsacmeli”. kuCxe wuRas

meSamaleri miRutu `fexi CustebSi Seyofili mqonda~ (Ciqobava 1936, 73). am

fuZis Sesaxeb ix. megr. wuRa.

amave jgufSi ganvixilavT windebs.

lazuri

laz. TiTxu winek-i `Txeli winda~ (Tandilava 2013).

laz. TozloRan-i `matylis winda muxlebamde~ (Tandilava 2013).

laz. kapWin-i `naxevarwinda, matylisgan moqsovili~ (Tandilava 2013).

53

laz. kuCxeS-i motkuS-i `paWanaki~ (Cveni masala). zedmiwevniT niSnavs

fexis mosartymels.

laz. nask-i `winda~. es sityva qarTulis meSveobiT aris rusulidan

Semosuli (lazuris fondi). sainteresoa, rom erT-erTi mTqmelis

gadmocemiT, windebze qsovisas gamosaxavdnen sxvadasxva saxis dekorebs.

laz. winek-i || windeq-i || wineq-i `winda~ (Tandilava 2013, lazuris

fondi). kapiner-kapineri oxoiSa moxTu do kuCxes wineki moiwku `sirbil-

sirbiliT saxlSi movida da fexze winda gaiZro~ (JRenti 1938, 32).

es qveTavi exeba fexsamoss. is moicavs: fexsacmelsa da windebs. saerTo

principidan gamomdinare, aRiwera da gaanalizda zogadi da konkretuli

saxelebi. zogadi saxelebi warmoqmnili saxelebia, nawarmoebi

saerToqarTveluri fuZisagan: qarT. dev- || dv- || d- `deba~ : megr. dv- || d- :

laz. dv- || d-. masala mravalferovania. xolo konkretul saxelebSi

gamovlinda sakuTriv megrul-lazuri, saerToqarTveluri da nasesxebi

leqsika. struqturuli TvalsazrisiT: martivi da rTuli.

2) fexsamosi formis mixedviT

am jgufSi ganvixilavT: fexsacmlis moyvanilobas, Ziris formas.

megruli

gvigval-i niCvam-i (Cafla) `msxvilcxvira fexsacmeli~; gvegveria niCvam-i

(Cafla) ìd.~; wvandam-i || wkventam-i Caf��la `wvetiani fexsacmeli~; niCvam-i

(Caf��la) ùSno cxviriani fexsacmeli~; lafarTia (Caf��la) `farTo, uSnod

didi~ (Cveni masala); Wife qurami (Caf��la) `wvrilqusliani fexsacmeli~;

Sxu qurami (Caf��la) `msxvilqusliani fexsacmeli~; oTxkunTxuri qurami

(Caf��la) òTxkuTxa quslis mqone fexsacmeli~; labartyia qurami (Caf��la)

`brtyelZira fexsacmeli~; qurami (Cafla) (|| madvalari) `qusliani

fexsacmeli~; uquro Caf��la ùquslo fexsacmeli~ (Cveni masala).

54

lazuri

laz. quolon-i modvalu `qusliani fexsacmeli~ (Cveni masala). amave

mniSvnelobiT: laz. quron-i `qusliani~ (Tandilava 2013). quroni

nawarmoebia laz. qur- `qusli~ sityvisagan –on sufiqsis meSveobiT.

laz. alwa || axom-i `fexsacmlis forma~ (uzunhasanoRlu, bujakliSi,

aleqsiva 2007).

III qveTavi

Tavsaburavi

Tavsaburavi samoslis erT-erTi Semadgeneli nawilia. am semantikur

jgufSi SeiZleba gamoiyos zogadi da kerZo – am jgufSi Semaval

elementTa konkretuli saxelwodebani. struqturuli TvalsazrisiT,

gvaqvs: martivi, nawarmoebi, rTuli, kerZod, erT-, or-, samkomponentiani

erTeulebi an Sesityvebani.

TavsaburavSi gamoiyo Semdegi ZiriTadi jgufebi:

$ 1. Tavsaburavis aRmniSvneli zogadi terminebi

megruli

megr. awarTumalar-i `Sublze Camosafxati~ (qobalia 2010).

megr. gaxvaxval-i || dudiS-i gaxvaxval-i (ga-xvaxv-al-i) `Tavis Sesakravi,

Semosaxvevi~. Cxuruq ma�u do mudgaini dudiSi gaxvaxvali dobgore oko

`Semcivda (sicive meqna) da raime Tavis Sesaxvevi unda movZebno~ (Cveni

masala). warmoebiT mimReobaa, megr. xvax- `SefuTva, Semoxveva~ Zirisagan

miRebuli.

megr. giorTumalar-i (gi-o-rT-um-al-ar-i) || dudiS-i giorTumalar-i

`Tavsaburavi~ (nebismieri saxis). dudiSi giorTumalari vaiRuno muTuni,

muWo re gilurquni `Tavze dasafarebeli ara gaqvs raime, rogor aris,

rom dadixar?~ (Cveni masala). mocemuli sityva nawarmoebia gerTumala

55

`dafareba~, `daxurva~ zmnisagan o- da -ar mawarmoebeli afiqsebis

meSveobiT. paralelurad amave mniSvnelobiT gvxvdeba Sesityveba dudiS-i

giorTumalar-i zedmiw. `Tavis dasafarebeli, dasaxuri~ (eliava 1997) ||

megr. obural-i (o-bur-al-i) `{da}saburavi~ (gamoxatavs daniSnulebas,

miRebulia bur-Zirisagan o- da –al afiqsebis darTviT) || megr. gioqunal-i

`dasaxuravi~ (qajaia II, 2002).

megr. giotatafal-i (gi-o-tat-af-al-i) || dudiS-i giotatafal-i `Tavze

msubuqad dasaxuri, dasafarebeli~. dudiS giotatafali qomuCi mudgaini

`Tavze dasafarebeli momeci raime~ (Cveni masala). esec daniSnulebis

saxelia, nawarmoebia megr. tatua `cacuni, TaTuni~ zmnisagan, e. i.

`msubuqad Sexeba~.

megr. dudiS-i gioxuafal-i (gi-o-xu-af-al-i) `Tavze Camosamxobi~ (Cveni

masala). daniSnulebis saxelia, nawarmoebia megr. xuafa `damxoba~

zmnisagan. warmoebiT mimReobaa.

megr. dudiS-i gio��oTamal-i (gi-o-�oT-am-al-i) `Tavze mosagdebi~ (Cveni

masala). daniSnulebis saxelia, miRebuli ��oTama `gdeba~ masdarisagan.

megr. ki/k��nakiral-i (kina-kir-al-i) || dudiS-i ki/k��nakiral-i `Tavze

wasakravi~. aka dudiSi kinakirali vamapalu `erTi Tavze wasakravi ar

mabadia (momepoveba)~ (Cveni masala). daniSnulebis saxelia, nawarmoebia

megr. kirua `Sekvra~ zmnisagan. warmoebiT mimReobaa.

lazuri

laz. goTvalu (go-Tv-al-u) || moTvalu (mo-Tv-al-u) || moTvaluS-i (mo-Tv-

al-u-S-i) || TiSi g&&&&oTumale `Tavze dasaxuravi~ (Ciqobava 1929, 150); || Tis

eÁoTvala || Tis eJoTvalu `Tavsaxuravi~ (amse, Taini 2004). yvela es

leqsikuri erTeuli nawarmoebia daxurvis aRmniSvnel lazur Tv-Zirze

sxvadasxva zmniswinis darTviT.

$ 2. Tavsaburavis aRmniSvneli konkretuli terminebi

56

am semantikur jgufSi gamoiyofa ori qvejgufi: 1) Tavsafari da 2) qudi.

1) Tavsafari da misi saxeobani

megruli

megr. aramcelia igivea, rac gagurjela, ― qalTa Tavsaburavis nawili,

rgoli, leCaqTan rom ixmareboda, ― Cixti, Cixta (qajaia IV, 2009).

WanturiasTan aris: gagurjela = aramcelia = Cixtikopi asali `cxenis

zurgze gadasafarebeli qsovili~ (Wanturias arqivi, # 434).

megr. gagurjela || gargujela || gaurjela || gagurj��la (masalebi 1983,

244) || gagurkla (yifSiZe 1994); `gvirgvini; Cixtikopi, qalebis Tavsaburavi~.

qalebi kakulars zeviT ixuravdnen sirmiT gawyobil gagurjelas;

moqsovili iyo abreSumisagan, foCebiani (`CxviCxvami~). Tavmomwone vaJebi

kiserze ikeTebdnen (yelze Semosaxvevi kaSnesaviT) (masalebi 1983, 244).

Sdr. kakula `kavebi~ (qajaia II, 2002; masalebi 1983, 244). || gaguja `leCaqis

msgavsi~ (masalebi 1983, 248). gargunjela `gvirgvini, grexili~, gargunjia

`wnuli gvirgvini, erTmaneTSi Cawnuli da rgolad Sekruli ram. Sdr.

gargunjua `daxveva, gvirgvinad Sekvra~ (qobalia 2010). swored am zmnidan

unda iyos nawarmoebi gargunjela. Sdr. (raW.) gaurjila/e-&, gorjela

`Cixtikopis samkauli~ || gegel-gorjela `Cixtikopi~ (beriZe 1912).

megr. daraia 1. àbreSumis Tavmosasxami~ (makalaTia 1941, 21) àbreSumis

qsovili~ (yifSiZe 1994).

m. andronikaSvilis azriT, megr. daraia ← qarT. ← spars. dar5555iya

àbreSumis qsovili~ (andronikaSvili 1966, 205).

megr. elamorsa èrTgvari Tavsafari~ (Wanturias arqivi, # 434). am

fuZeSi xom ar SeiZleba gamoiyos `Semosvis~ aRmiSvneli megr. mors- Ziri?

megr. TavSal-i (martv.) `TavSali, didi Tavsafari~ (Cveni masala).

SesaZloa, qarTulidan aris Sesuli. qarT. TavSal-i ← Tavi Sali

(Tofuria 1971, 107).

megr. kakular-i, kakula `kavebi~; `kavebiani Cixta (qalebis Tavze

dasaxuravi (masalebi 1983, 242). Sdr. kakular-i `Cixti~ (qobalia 2010).

Sdr. kakul-i `kululi, kavi (Tmisa), kakularze (Cixtze) Camosakidebeli

57

flurebi~ (qobalia 2010). kakular-i SeiZleba nawarmoebi iyos megr.

kakula `kavebi~ || kakul-i `kululi, kavi (Tmisa)~ formisagan.

megr.-laz. kasinka `patara Tavsafari~. dus skvami kasinka giorTudu

`Tavze lamazi patara Tavsafari exura~ (Cveni masala). nasesxebia

rusulidan.

megr. lakolka `koWis ZafiT, rifsiT naqsovi patara samkuTxa

Tavsafari, romelsac CxviCxvebiT `baxramiT~ amSvenebdnen~ (rus.) (qobalia

2010).

megr. leCeq-i || leqeC-i `leCaqi~ (Waraia 1997; yifSiZe 1994). jveSo

osurems leCeqi giorTudes dus `Zvelad qalebs leCaqi exuraT Tavze~

(Cveni masala). rogorc iv. javaxiSvili aRniSnavs, Txeli narmisgan iyo

Sekerili, karg, Tavmomwone qalebs hqondaT (masalebi 1983, 244). es leqsema

dasturdeba qarTulSi: leCaq-i 1) `qarTuli Tavsaburavi qalisa,

abreSumis wminda badisebri qsovili, ixuraven Cixti-kopTan an baRdadTan

erTad~ (qegli IV, 1955). gurulSi gvxvdeba laCaq-i formiT (SaraSiZe 1938).

mocemuli sityvis Sesaxeb samecniero literaturaSi arsebobs

Sexeduleba, rom leCaq-i momdinareobs sparsulidan, Sdr. spars. l5555čččč5k5k5k5k, , , ,

dasturdeba azerbaijanulSi leččččekekekek da TurqulSi leččččeeeek (qavTaraZe 1964, 252,

318).

iv. javaxiSvili am sityvis Sesaxeb wers: `leCaqi kubastia, dedaTa

Tavsaburavi~ (saba). es termini ZvelisZveli unda iyos. svan l��Ceqv

`samosels, tanisamoss niSnavs, l��qvem ki wamosasxams hqvia. rogorc

l��qvem Sedgenilia sa-s gamomxatveli l��- TavsarTisa da mosvis

aRmniSvneli qvem- Zirisagan, iseve l��Ceqvic imave formantisa da Ceqv-

Zirisa, Tu fuZisagan unda iyos Semdgari~ (masalebi 1983, 134, 135).

megr. maska `niRabi~. maxins maska enoZed� `qurds niRabi ekeTe Turme~

(Cveni masala). qarT. maska `niRabi~ (laT. mascha, rusuli enis meSveobiT)

(qegli V, 1958).

megr. omorgualo (o-mo-rgu-al-o) || orgaSe qica (o-rg-aS-e) ||

samorgualo qica (sa-mo-rgu-al-o) || omorguale (o-mo-rg-u-al-e)

`samgloviaro Tavsafari~ (sada -o afiqsebiT nawarmoebi). omorguale

qicas arT wanas iSen girTvana `samgloviaro Tavsafars erT wels mainc

58

ifareben~ (Cveni masala). Sdr. gargueba `maradi glova, glovas gadayola;

uSvilZirod darCenili mgloviare, romelic mTeli sicocxle atarebs

Savs, glovas gadayolili~ (qobalia 2010). mocemuli erTeulebi

warmoqmnili saxelebia, nawarmoebia megruli rguala `glova~ zmnisagan

o-o (o-mo-rgu-al-o), sa-o (sa-mo-rgu-al-o) prefiqs-sufiqsiT, xolo o-rg-

aS-e formaSi SeiZleba gamoiyos o-e daniSnulebis afiqsi da -S

naTesaobiTi brunvis niSani. amdenad, orgaSe zedmiwevniT niSnavs

`glovisa~.

megr. sagurguno (sa-gurgun-o) `saqorwilo fata, sagvirgvino~

(Wanturias arqivi, # 434). warmoqmnili sityvaa, nawarmoebia megr. gurgin-

`gvirgvini~ fuZisagan sa-o daniSnulebis afiqsiT.

megr. fata `fata~. kampanias moWyudu fatas girTvand� `qorwilSi

patarZali fatas ifarebda~ (Cveni masala). Sdr. laz. fata || ��ata.

megr. foCvam-i qica || foCoCam-i qica `foCebiani Tavsafari~. Cqimi ZRabiq

momiR� foCvami qica `Cemma gogom momitana foCebiani Tavsafari~ (Cveni

masala). foCvam-i, foCoCam-i warmoqmnili sityvebia, sadac –am raRacis

mqoneblobas gamoxatavs.

megr. qica `leCaqi~; `mandili~ (Waraia 1997); `leCaqi~ (yifSiZe 1994);

`leCaqi~; `mandili~ `Tavsafari~; `Txeli Tavsakravi; qalebis Tavsaxuravi

Txlad naqsovi~ (masalebi 1983, 241). gvaqvs misgan no- da –ia afiqsebiT

nawarmoebi noqicia `ubralo, Zveli Tavsafari~ (Cveni masala).

a. Wanturia megr. `qicas~ or saxes gamoyofs: 1) qica umoso sumi

kunTxuri re `Tavsafari metwilad samkuTxaa~. 2) qica ganiSi `Tavsakravi

ganis~ (Wanturias arqivi, # 434).

garda amisa, formis mixedviT, Tavsafari SeiZleba iyos: sumkunTxur-i

`samkuTxa~, agreTve wkventur-i || wvetur-i caxoc-i `patara samwvera

Tavsafari, TavSalisgan gansxvavebiT, mas SublTan gainaskvaven (igivea,

rac WiWe qica)~ (qobalia 2010). nawarmoebia w(k)vet fuZeze –ur sufiqsis

darTviT.

megrulSi aseve gvxvdeba Tavsafris Semdegi saxeebi:

megr. oTxkunTxur-i `oTxkuTxa~. (Cveni masala).

59

megr. salafarTo (sa-la-farT-o) || olafarTe (o-la-farT-e) `grZeli da

farTo Tavsafari~ (Cveni masala). mocemuli erTeulebi daniSnulebis

saxelebia, nawarmoebia megr. farT(o) `farTo~ fuZisagan sa-o da o-e

afiqsebiT.

megr. salabo qica `grZeli oTxkuTxa (SedarebiT viwro)~ (Cveni masala).

agebulebiT warmoqmnili Cans, sa-o daniSnulebis mawarmoebeli unda iyos.

megr. yruJaoam-i || yurJaoam-i || kruJaoam-i qica `maqmaniani Tavsafari~

(Cveni masala). Sesityvebis pirveli wevri nasexebia rusulidan. Sdr. rus.

кружево `maqmani, arSia~.

megr. Raz-i 1) `Salis msxvili ZafiT moqsovili qalis Tavsaburavi~,

`Razli~; 2) `xazi~. Razl-i, Razla, `Razli~, `matylis mkedi sxÂli~ (saba),

Sdr. gur. Razl-i `Salis Tavsaburavi~ (Rlonti 1984). aWar. Razla

`matylis Zafi~ (koberiZe 2011, 81). maSasadame, megrulSic, rogorc

qarTulis masalam gviCvena, Raz-i Zafis saxeoba iyo da, Sesabamisad,

masalis saxelwodebam gansazRvra sagnis saxeldeba.

qarT. Razl-s arab. ğğğğazl `rTva, narTi~ ukavSirebs g. wereTeli

(wereTeli 1951).

megr. yaraoz-i èlamorsas meore saxeli~ (Wanturias arqivi, # 434).

megr. SarSab-i àbreSumis Tavsafari~ (Wanturias arqivi, # 434). ix. laz.

CarCab-i.

megr. caxorc-i `Tavsaxuravi Txeli rame~ (Waraia 1997). caxorc-i ||

caxoc-i (martv.) `Tavsafari~. osuriSi caxorciT Jirxolo Toli guuTel�

`qalis TavsafriT orive Tvali gaumTela~ (yifSiZe 1994, 44). imerul

dialeqtSi dasturdeba cicaxoc-i `Tavsafari~, romelic o. kaxiZis azriT,

megruli caxorc-i || caxoc-isagan momdinareobs (kaxaZe 1997, 93 ). is

gvxvdeba sxva dialeqtebSic. Sdr. aWar. caxoc-i `Tavsafari~. gur.

uskudaris caxoci `Talxi feris msubuqi Tavsafari. stambolidan

SemohqondaT guriaSi (uskudari stambolis aziuri nawilis erTi ubania)~

(SaraSiZe 1938). megrulSic dasturdeba usqudari, romelsac a. qobalia

ganmartavs, rogorc gaunaskvavad dasaxur daraias, cxvirsaxocs (qobalia

2010). megr. usqudars a. Wanturia ganmartavs, rogorc àxalgazrda

qalebis feradi Tavsaxuri, Zalian lamazi da Zvirfasi~ (Wanturias

arqivi, # 434).

60

megrulSi mandili uSualod Tavsafris aRmniSvnelad ar gvxvdeba,

magram gvaqvs misgan nawarmoebi fuZe: megr. madilosan-i || mad�losan-i

`mandilosani~.

megr. CxiCxvel-i qica `Semouqobavi Tavsafari~. CxviCxveli qicas

omorgualeT girTvana `Semouqobav Tavsafars samgloviarod ifareben~

(Cveni masala). (samegreloSi samgloviaro Semouqobav Savi qsovilis

naWers kacebic waikravdnen Tavze didi mwuxarebis niSnad. samegreloSi

es wesi zogan dResac cocxalia).

mTqmelebis gadmocemiT, mgloviarobis niSnad kacebi pijakze marcxena

mxares sayeloze jibesTan axlos miikerebdnen Sav qsovils, ZiriTadad

samgloviaro tansacmlis nawils. qalebi ki paltoze garedan, an

saerTod samgloviaro kabis gareT rac ecvaT, imaze zonariviT,

daaxloebiT 20 santimetris siganis qsovils daikerebdnen. samgloviarod

aucileblad ikeravdnen kabas, Tu Zalian `sanwaro~ `samwaro~ iyo, ar

Semoqobavdnen arc fesvze, arc mklavze. samgloviaro periodis gasvlis

Semdeg samgloviaro tanisamoss wyals gaatandnen, an dawvavdnen.

samgloviaro tansacmeli Zalian ubralo qsovilisgan ikereboda,

ZiriTadad satina. es wesi axla farTod gavrcelebuli ar aris, magram

zogi am wess axlac icavs. didi mwuxarebis niSnad kacebic icvamdnen

Semouqobav perangs. qalebi waikravdnen patara Tavsafars ise, rom Subli

ar gamoCeniliyo, garedan, zemodan ki did Tavsafars gadaifarebdnen.

megr. Sal-i `TavSali, didi Tavsafari~. i dedibis dus tibu Sali

giorTudu `im moxucs Tavze Tbili TavSali efara~ (Cveni masala). Sdr.

Sal-i `qsovilis saxeli~, romelsac d. CubinaSvili sparsulad miiCnevs

(CubinaSvili 1961).

megr. Sarf-i `Sarfi~. arTi Sarfiq memewon, mara faraq vambaR do

vama�idir `erTi Sarfi momewona, magram fuli ar meyo da ver viyide~

(Cveni masala). Cveneburebis qarTulSi dasturdeba Sarfa (Turq. šarpa)

(futkaraZe 1993, 627). ix. laz. Sar��i.

aqve gavaerTianebT kaSnesac.

megr. kaSn-i `kaSne~. kisers Cxuruq ma�u do kaSni qigTibdvi `yelze

Semcivda (sicive meqna) da kaSne Semovixvie (Semovide)~ (Cveni masala).

61

megr. kiseriS-i giTakiral-i || g��Takiral-i `yelze mosaxvevi~ || kiseriS-i

giTadvalar-i//g��Tadvalar-i zedmiw. `yelze mosadebi~.

lazuri

laz. duaR-i || duvaR-i `patarZlis Tavsaburavi~. duaRi noRamisaSi

moTumale ren `duaRi patarZlis Tavsaburavi aris~ (Cveni masala). Sdr.

aWar. dvaR-i ← duvak `sadedoflo Sarfi~ (niJaraZe 1975, 21).

laz. vala `igivea, rac kazi, dedoflebi ixuraven~ (vaniliSi,

Tandilava 1984, 79). mufer nomsqun satina-kala vala `rogor Svenis

satinasTan vala~ (yifSiZe 1994, 47).

laz. Tabla (viw.-arq.) `Cixtikopi; `qalis Tavsaxuravi, mrgvali

moyvanilobis, irgvliv mibmulia oqros monetebi~ (Tandilava 2013).

laz. TavSal-i `TavSali~ (Cveni masala). ix. megr. TavSali.

laz. Tis golakiuS-i || golakiuS-i `Tavze wasakravi~ (Cveni masala).

Sdr. qarT. Tavsakravi.

laz. Ti moJakiuS-i `Tavze mosaxvevi~ (Cveni masala). Sdr. qarT.

Tavmosaxvevi.

laz. kaz-i `Tavsafari, pirbadesaviT~. Sdr. Turq. kaz. ← frang. gaz.

rogorc a. Tandilavas azriT, kazi `erTgvari maRali xarisxis qsovilis

saxelia, romelsac wamoaxuraven dedogfals~ (vaniliSi, Tandilava 1984,

79). noRamisas mogolafanSi kazi `dedofals rom mogafareben kazs~

(JRenti 1938, 168).

laz. mandil-i `qalis Tavsafari~. qCe mandilis qCe bedali godveri, mo

memaSkum guris qva dolobReri `TeTr mandilze TeTri arSia

Semovlebuli, ar damtovo gulSi qvaCayrili~ (uzunhasanoRlu, bujakli-

Si, aleqsiva 2007). ix. megr. mandil-i.

laz. mgaaS-i (moTvaluS-i) `samgloviaro~ (zedmiw. `tirilis Tavsafari~)

(naTesaobiTi brunvis –Si niSniT nawarmoebi).

laz. mendil-i `mandili~. Sdr. (Turq. mendil ← arab. mindil

`pirsaburavi~; `xelsaxoci~ (masalebi 1983, 249).

62

laz. moTvalu || moTumale || moTvaluS-i || Ti-moTvaluS-i || TiS-moTvalu

|| moTumuS-i || Ti-moTvalon-i || TiSTimale `Tavsaburavi zogadad~ (Cveni

masala). amaTgan moTumale martivi fuZea, xolo moTvaluS-i || moTumuS-i

naTesaobiTi brunvis –Si niSniT aris nawarmoebi da zedmiw. niSnavs

`Tavsaburavisa~.

laz. muJvokirale `Tavsafari~ (Tandilava 2013). nawarmoebi sityvaa

Sekvris aRmniSvneli lazuri kir- Ziridan zmniswinisa da –al da –e

sufiqsebis darTviT.

laz. mSal-i `TavSali~ (Tandilava 2013). igive Ziria, rac Sal- fuZeSi

gvaqvs, oRond lazurSi sityvis TavSi gaCenilia m.

laz. fata || ��ata `fata~. ix. megr. fata.

laz. ferde `Cadri~; es sityva sparsulia, Tumca lazurSi nasexebia

Turqulidan. Sdr. spars.-Turq. perde `farda~. Cadris semantika sakuTriv

lazurSi unda iyos ganviTarebuli.

laz. feCe `fata~ (Cveni masala); `saxeze Camosafarebeli~ (Tandilava

2013). noRameq xamiTe feCe elawkams `saqmro daniT saxeze Camosafarebels

axsnis~ (JRenti 1938, 30). dasturdeba aWarulSic. Sdr. Turq. peče `pirbade~

(koberiZe 2011, 30).

laz. SaTx-i `Salisagan xelovnurad moqsovili Tavsaburi~ (Tandilava

2013).

laz. Sarф-i `Sarfi~ (lazuris fondi). ma arTi TiSi Sarфi var miRun-

Áa `me erTi Tavze dasaxuri Tavsafari ar maqvso~ (Ciqobava 1936, 15). Sdr.

Turq. šarpa `Tavsaburi~. swored Turqulidan aris Semosuli lazurSi.

ix. megr. Sarf-i.

Cadris mniSvnelobiT lazurSi gvaqvs ramdenime sityva:

laz. Cadr-i `Cadri~. Sdr. qarT. Cadr-i ← spars. CCCCadir `zewari~, spars.

CCCCadre || CCCCador `farTo erTferovani wasaburavi, romelSic ifarebian

fexebamde sparsTa qalebi~ (andronikaSvili 1966, 527); es sityva

dasturdeba TurqulSic da lazurSi Turqulidan SeiZleba iyos

SeTvisebuli.

laz. CarCab `Cadri, pirbade~ (vaniliSi, Tandilava, 1984, 115) || CarSa��-i ||

CarSaf-i `Cadri, qalis saburavi (muslimanuri~ (spars.-Turq. Caršaf).

63

CarSa�i moTvaleri ar oxorja nitu `Cadrmoxuruli erTi qali midioda~

(Tandilava 2013).

laz. xanjula `moxuci qalebis Tavsaburi~ (Tandilava 2013).

laz. xase || xasa `Tavsafari erTgvari~ || xase `dolbandi (Tavze

saxuravi), masala~ (Tandilava 2013). homomfinu xase `gadamafara

dolbandi~ (kartozia 1972, 143). Sdr. aWar. xas-i arab. `salocavi, fardagi~

(koberiZe 2011, 89); javax. xas-i 1) `Zvirfasi, saukeTeso xarisxisa, rCeuli

qsovili~; 2) `moqnili, rbili, adviladD wevadi~ (beriZe 1981, 175).

laz. hijab-i (arab.) `Cadri, romelic mTlianad faravs saxes~ (Cveni

masala).

laz. Áazma || aÁazma (Turq. yazma) `Tavsafari~. erT-erTi mTqmelis

ganmartebiT, es erTgvari pirbadec iyo. Áazma moTvalei nulun

`TavsafriT dadis~ (Cveni masala).

laz. ÁaluR-i (aTin.) || ÁaRluR-i (furt.) `Tavsafari~. ÁaluRi dudis

qeinkoru `Tavsafari Tavze waikra~ (uzunhasanoRlu, bujakliSi, aleqsiva

2007).

1) qudi da misi saxeebi

megruli

megr. qud-i `qudi~; `qudi, Tavsaburavi~ (Waraia 1997). qarT. qud-i ← Zv.

spars. xauda (andronikaSvili 1966, 196). m. Cuxua ar iziarebs am

Tvalsazriss da miaCnia, rom qarT. qudi nasesxebia naxur enaTa qud-�-sgan.

Sdr. bacb. qud ← qud-� (Cuxua 2008).

megr. boxox-i, boxoxia `boxoxi, cxvris tyavis qudi~. ducu giorTu

boxoxia `Tavze axuravs boxoxi~ (qajaia I, 2001). boxox-i qud-i –

ikereboda batknis tyavisagan (masalebi 1983, 241). Cveneburebis qarTulSic

gvxvdeba boxox-i `cxvris tyavis qudi~ (futkaraZe 1993, 403).

megrulSi gvaqvs sityva qudis Semcveli Sesityvebani:

megr. bowowam-i qud-i || bowowiS-i qud-i `bewviani qudi~ (Cveni masala).

Sdr. megr. boworia `grZelbewviani~.

64

megr. boxoxiaS-i || buxariS-i qud-i `buxris qudi~, `cxvris tyavis qudi~

(yifSiZe 1994). Sdr. qarT. buxris qud-i `kravelis qudi, saerTod cxvris

tyavis qudi~ (qegli I, 2008).

megr. konwolam qudi `wvetiani, kunkuliani qudi~ (megr. konwol-i

`kunwuli, Tmis kululi; lolua (yinulisa), cacxvisa da sxvaTa nayofi,

wawvetebuli ram, wvetiani~ (qobalia 2010).

megr. kraveliS qud-i `kravelis qudi~. Sdr. TuS. kravel-i `batknis

matyli~ (cocaniZe 2012).

megr. nabadiaS-i qud-i `nabdis qudi~ (qajaia II, 2002).

megr. tetiaS-i qud-i `tetiis qudi~ (qajaia III, 2002).

megr. Sonur-i qud-i `svanuri qudi~ (qajaia III, 2002).

megr. farTxvaia qud-i `farTxuna qudi~ (qajaia III, 2002).

megr. montyoriS-i qud-i `matylis Tbili qudi~ (Cveni masala).

megr. WiliS-i qud-i || WoliS-i qud-i `Wilis qudi~ (Cveni masala).

megr. uSanka qud-i `zamTris Tbili qudi, yurebiani~ (Cveni masala).

Sesityvebis pirveli wevri nasexebia rusulidan.

megr. baSlayu (masalebi 1983, 248) || baSlayv-i || baSlay� � � � || baSჲჲჲჲa��u

`yabalaxi, baSlayvi~ (qajaia I, 2001), dasturdeba i. yifSiZesTanac da

miuTiTebs, rom Turqulia. a. qobaliasTan gvxvdeba baSlay-i `yabalaxi,

Cabalaxi; meomris jaWvis qudi, muzaradi, Tavsarqmeli sazogadod~

(qobalia 2010). || baSiliy-i (baSiay) `yabalaxi~ (eliava 1997). || baSlayu

`iribulad gamoWrili Tavsaxuri qalebisTvis cxeniT mgzavrobisas

saxmari~ (Wanturias arqivi, # 434). note ginmorTinuas... vara qviSor

baSlayuo `netavi gadamaqcia... qviSisfer yabalaxad~ (samuSia 1971, 99).

TuSuri baSlaÃa�� `baSliyi ― Teqaze mokerebuli wvetiani Tavsafari

avdarSi gadmosafareblad~ (cocaniZe 2012). z. aWar. yabalax-i, qv. aWar.

baSluR-i (koberiZe 2011, 26).

megr. beret-i `erTgvari maRali qudi~. Cqimi boSis goRa bereti muRi

do Zams mowons `Cems biWs guSin bereti movutane da Zalian moswons~

(Cveni masala). Sdr qarT. beret-i [it. beretta ̀ brtyeli qudi~] `mrgvali,

usaCrdilo (ufarflo) rbili qudi (Cveulebriv, qalisa)~ (qegli I, 2008).

megr. gurgin-i `gvirgvini~. nagurgina `jvardanaweri, gvirgvinnakurTxi,

saqorwino; gvirginosani~ (qobalia 2010). Sdr. megr. gurgin-i `kefaze

65

wertili, saidanac Tma wriulad lagdeba Tavze~ (qobalia 2010). ix. megr.

sagurguno.

megr. kepka `kepi~. kepka CxanaSi giorTumalaro Zam jgiri qore `kepi

mzeze dasafareblad Zalianac kargi aris~ (Cveni masala).

megr. oCxanie || saCxanio || CxanaS-i qud-i `mzis qudi~ (o- -e, sa- -o da

naTesaobiTi brunvis –Si niSniT nawarmoebi). gagania Cxanas saCxanio

qudiS umSo veglerTe `papanaqeba mzeSi mzis qudis gareSe ar SeiZleba

siaruli (ar gaivleba)~ (Cveni masala).

megr. tatuc-i `fafanaki~ - Zvelad keravdnen tyavisagan, rgvlad iyo

amoWrili da Tavze exuraT (giotatudes); rom ar Camovardniliyo,

sayelos ukeTebdnen (masalebi 1983, 244).

megr. fayu `qudi, Tavsaburavi~ (qajaia III, 2002). samecniero

literaturaSi aris aseTi dakavSireba: svan. fay�� `qudi~, megr. fay-

(gefayu) `qudi devs~, Wemguuri f�6�, �6�, �6�, �6�, yabard. ppppué (janaSia 1959, 112).

megr. yabalax-i `yabalaxi~. jveSems yabalaxi giorTudes `Zvelebs

yabalaxi exuraT~ (Cveni masala). Sdr. qarT. yabalax-i (Turq. kabalak)

`wowola, Zabris moyvanilobis grZeltotebiani Tavsaburavi Cveulebriv

mamakacisa. || uxmariaT kapiuSonis mniSvnelobiT~ (qegli VII, 1962).

megr. Sliapa (erTgvari qudi), Sdr. qarT. Sliapa || Slapa [germ. Schlappe]

1. mamakacis qudi mrgvali moyvanilobisa, irgvliv farfliani.

[glaxaTubnels] Tavze Calis Slapa exura (g. wereT._. 2. qalis qudi

(qegli VII, 1962).

megr. cilindr-i `cilindri~ (Cveni masala). Sdr. qarT. cilindri (berZn.

kylindros) 1. geometriuli sxeuli, romelic warmoiqmneba sworkuTxedis

trialiT Tavisi erT-erTi gverdis garSemo. 2. teq. orTqlis manqanis an

Sigawvis Zravis nawili cilindris formisa. 3. mamakacis qudi cilindris

formisa, viwrofarflebiani da maRali (qegli VIII, 1964). ix. laz.

cilindri.

megr. ZafeZia `mZivebiani, totebiani gvirgvini nefe-dedoflisaTvis,

romelsac adgamen eklesiaSi jvriswerisas~ (a. qob., 689).

megr. Wyvintian-i yabalax-i (mokle da viwro Wyvintebs Semoikeravdnen

Tavze) (masalebi 1983, 242).

66

lazuri

laz. qud-i `qudi~ (mari 1910). Tavze yvelanair Camosacmels eZaxdnen

quds. Tis qudi gÁoTun `Tavze qudi axuravs~ (Cveni masala).

laz. baSlu || baSluR-i 1) `yabalaxi~ (Turq. bašlik(γi)) `erovnuli

lazuri Tavsaburavi~. 2) baSluR-i `sacolis daniSvnis dros gaRebuli

saCuqari, qrTami qalis mSoblebisaTvis~ (lazuris fondi). es sityva

momdinareobs Turqulidan. Sdr. Turq. bašlik (andronikaSvili 1966, 229),

warmoqmnili sityvaa: Turq. baš ̀ Tavi~, luγγγγ ki formantia (masalebi 1962, 145).

laz. boxox-i `boxoxi~. papuli Cqimi boxoxi moTumei nulutu `babuaCemi

boxoxdafarebuli dadioda~ (Cveni masala). boxox-i qud-i `boxoxi~

(lazuris fondi). ix. megr. boxox-i.

laz. boxCa `mandili~.

laz. Taqia `kaxuri qudis msgavsia~ (Tandilava 2013).

laz. kavux-i, kauxa `Zveleburi Tavsaburavi; safarveli, garsi~

(lazuris fondi). Sdr. Turq. kavuk. Sdr. kauRi `kacis Tavsaburavi,

romlis boloebic TasmiT ikvreba~ (Tandilava 2013).

laz. kalfaR-i || kalafaR-i `qudi~. Sdr. Turq. kalpak ̀ qudi, fafaxi~.

laz. kukula1 (viw.) `berikacis qudi~ || kukuli2 `kunkuli; berikacis

(moxucis) wagrZelebuli qudi~ (Tandilava 2013). Sdr. qarT. kunkul-i ekl.

Zv. 1. berebis Tavsaxuravi – maRali qudi ukan CamoSvebuli saburaviT. 2.

qsovilis naWeri, romelSic xvevdnen embazidan amoyvanil axalmonaTlul

bavSvs. || qsovilis naWeri, romelsac uZRvnida naTlia bavSvis dedas an

TviT bavSvs (qegli IV, 1955).

laz. mJuaS-i qud-i || mJoraS-i qud-i `mzis qudi~. dido mCxvafa ren do

mJuaSi qudi epWofaminon `Zalian sicxe aris da mzis qudi unda viyido~

(Cveni masala). Sesityvebis pirveli wevri miRebulia mzis aRmniSvnel

lazur `mJua~ fuZeze naTesaobiTis –S niSnis darTviT).

laz. papax-i || fafax-i || fafaR-i `qudi~. ginon-na papaxi Cqimi qomeqCa `Tu

ginda, Cemi (boxoxis) qudi mogce~ (Ciqobava 1929, 62). aWar. fafaR-i

`brtyeli, wverfarTo, maRali qudi, cxvris tyavisagan ikereboda,

67

ZiriTadad mecxvarisa iyo~ (koberiZe 2011, 92). qarT. fafax-i (fafaxisa)

[Turq. papak] bewviani tyavis (upiratesad kravlis) maRali qudi, romelsac

ca SeiZleba amoRebuli da qsovilis (maudis) naWergamokruli hqondes

(qegli VII, 1962).

laz. semsifer-i `foCebiani qudi~ (Tandila 2013).

laz. foTeÁ – mJuaSi qudi `mzis qudi~ (Tandilava 2013). mis

paralelurad lazurSi dasturdeba: ��oteri 1. `Sapka~. 2. `tradiciul

lazur CacmulobaSi Tavze daxveuli grZeli materia~ (uzunhasanoRlu,


laz. qaCula `boxoxis qudi~ (Tandila 2013).

laz. Sapka, Saфka, Safka, Savka `qudi~. skani Sapka kai mawonen `Seni

qudi momwons~ (Cveni masala). Sdr. Turq. šapka `id~.

laz. Subara `maRali qudi~ (Tandilava 2013).

laz. cilindr-i `cilindri~. ginon-na cilindri egiWofa `Tu ginda,

cilindrs giyidi~ (Cveni masala). ix. megr. cilindr-i.

laz. Wilob-i (qarT.) `Wilobi~ (Tandilava 2013).

laz. xasiri2 `Wilobi~ (arab.-Turq. hasir) (Tandilava 2013). xasiris-Ti

razi re, dadi Cqimi `Wilobzec Tanaxma xar, Cemo deida (mamida)~ (yifSiZe

1994, 53).

laz. фes-i (Turq. fes) `Tavze dasaxuravi (fesi)~ (futkaraZe 1993, 589) ||

`wiTeli qudi, fesi~. Sdr. jan-��esi `qudi, fesi~. xojas �esi gÁoTun

`xojas fesi axuravs~ (Tandilava 2013).

am qveTavSi ganvixileT Tavsaburavi. leqsika ganvixileT ori

mimarTulebiT: davajgufeT zogadi da konkretuli saxelebi. rogorc

megrulSi, aseve lazurSi masala sakmaod gamovlinda. zogadi saxelebi

struqturuli TvalsazrisiT warmoqmnilia, nawarmoebi

saerToqaraTveluri Zirisagan, kerZod: qarT. rTu- || rT- : megr. rTv- || rT-

: laz. rTv- || Tu- || T-. konkretul saxelebSi gamovlinda Tavsaburavis

sxvadaxva saxe. struqturulad gvaqvs martivi da rTuli saxelebi.

warmomavlobis TvalsazrisiT, sakuTriv megrul-lazuri,

saerToqarTveluri da nasesxebi leqska.

68

IV qveTavi

samoslis nawilebi

zemoT ganvixileT samoslis saxeobebi: tanisamosi, fexsamosi,

Tavsaburavi. TiToeul maTgans gaaCnia Tavisi Semadgeneli nawili. am

qvejgufSi ganvixilavT tanisamosis, fexsamosis, Tavsaburavis Semadgenel

nawilebs, Sesakravebs, sartylebs, samkaulebs, mosarTavebs.

$ 1. samoslis nawilebi

1) tanisamosis nawilebi

megruli

megr. abJand-i `avJandi, uzangi, paWanaki, Sarvlis an qveda sacvlis

totze amokerebuli zonari fexis terfze amosadebad~ (qobalia 2010).

Sdr. mesx. abJand-i `paWaniki, Sarvlis an qveda sacvlis totze

amokerebuli zonari fexis terfebze amosadebad~ (Rlonti 1984).

megr. azRot-i `azRudi, tansacmlis gverdebSi Cadgmuli patara zomis

iribi naWeri ganisa da iribi formis misacemad (igivea, rac bartyi,

miSadgumali, aSadgumali)~ (qobalia 2010). Sdr. qarT. azRud-i `kabis

TeZos uribi~ (saba I, 1991). TuS. azRot� � � � `tyavkabis an qaTibis gverdze

Casakerebeli naWrebi~ (cocaniZe 2012). xevs. azRot-i `Coxis nawilia~

(WinWarauli 2005).

megr. aTa��unafal-i `qveS dasatanebeli, mosayolebeli.~ (qobalia 2010).

daniSnulebis saxelia, nawarmoebi ��unafa `wayvana, tareba~ zmnisagan.

kabaS aTa�unafali qipide oko `kabis qveS dasatanebeli unda viyido~

(Cveni masala).

megr. awakiral-i `winsafari; Sublze wasakravi (ZaZis naWeri)~ (qobalia

2010). kabaSi awakirali qumoTxi aka `kabaze wasakravi maTxove erTi~ (Cveni

masala). amave mniSvnelobiT gvxvdeba awaforal-i `winsafari~. Sdr. forua

69

`dafarva, dafareba~ (qajaia I, 2001). awaforal-i mimReobaa da nawarmoebia

forua zmnidan, daniSnulebas gamoxatavs, awa- zmniswinia.

megr. baikart-i `gulmkerdis are~. qomicues Te kaTaq do qigmosofes

baikarti `momcvivdnen es xalxi da Semomaglijes baikarti~ (qajaia I,

2001).

megr. barty-i `tansacmelSi Casadgmeli, Casakerebeli~.

megr. bedan-i `Coxis Semadgeneli nawili.~ Coxa Sesdgeboda ramdenime

nawilisagan: ukana bedani (zurgi), romelic ukan SeiWreboda, wina ori

bedani da kalTebi (masalebi 1983, 247). saanalizo fuZeSi SeiZleba

gamoiyos bed-(an-i) Ziri, romlisTvisac amosavlad migvaCnia *bod-(an-i),

Sdr. qarT.: tyav-i : megr.: tyeb-i ← *tyob-i; qarT.: ZarRv-i : megr.: jerRv-i

← *jorRv-i. rogorc Cans, qarTvelur enebSi o→e gadasvla dasaSvebia,

rogorc Sesatyvisobis, aseve erTi enis farglebSi. SesaZlebelia,

aRniSnuli fonetikuri procesis gaTvaliswinebiT, zan. o-s moeca e da

Sesabamisad *bod-(an-i) formidan migveRo realurad arsebuli bed-an-i.

h. aWariani miiCnevs, rom baden- qarTulSi somxuris gziT aris

ebraulidan Semosuli (aWariani 1971, 374).

baden-is ebraulidan warmomavlobas iziarebs d. CubinaSvili

(CubinaSvili 1984).

mniSvnelovania iv. javaxiSvilis Sexeduleba aRniSnul sakiTxTan

dakavSirebiT. mkvlevari qsovaze msjelobisas imowmebs danielis

winaswarmetyvelebis 12,6-s oSkuri xelnaweris mixedviT da aRniSnavs, rom

qsovis erT-erTi saxeoba badec iyo. is baden-i sityvis amosavlad bade-s

varaudobs (masalebi 1962, 199).

am mxriv sainteresoa m. Cuxuas Tvalsazrisi, romelic aRniSnavs, rom

qarT.: bad-en-i SeiZleba ukavSirdebodes bad-e-Si gamoyofil bad- Zirs da

aRadgens *bod-s zanurisTvis (Cuxua 2002-2003, 56, 229).

radganac qarTuli bad-(en-i) Ziris Sesatyvisad samecniero

literaturaSi zanurisTvis *bod- Ziri vlindeba, vsvamT sakiTxs qarT.

baden-: zan.(megr.) bedan- Sesatyvisobis Sesaxeb, romlisTvisac *bod-an-i

iqneboda amosavali da, zemoTqmulidan gamomdinare, ar gaviziarebdiT

Sexedulebas qarT. baden- fuZis ucxouri warmomavlobis Sesaxeb.

70

megr. betk-i `salte~, s.qarTv. *betk- `salte; tkeCi~ → qarT. zan. betk-i

← batk-i, svan. betk (Cuxua 2000-2003, 66).

megr. bua, boa `sayelo~. bua bewvsac niSnavs (qobalia 2010).

megr. eiobinal-i àsabnevi~ (qobalia 2010). esec imave bin- `Sekvra~

Zirisagan aris nawarmoebi.

megr. varandik-i || varadnik-i (rus. воротник) `sayelo~. jgiri varadniki

oko guukeTeni `kargi sayelo unda gavukeTo~ (qajaia I, 2001). rusulidan

nasexeb am sityvaSi n fonemis meZoblobaSi t gamJRerebulia, Tanac erT

variantSi n gadasmulia d-s win.

megr. karTe `kalTa~ (Waraia 1997). arT dixas dimaxvenc, karTes muTun

vawucenc èrT adgilas damjdoms, kalTaze araferi daucvivdeba~

(samuSia 1971, 117). samecniero literaturaSi qarT. kalTa dakavSirebulia

megr. karTe-sTan (Tofuria 1979, 178).

megr. kile || kie `mklavi~ (saxelo). Sdr. megr. xeforCami, kileam-i ||

kieam-i `mklaviani~ (Cveni masala).

megr. kink-i `nakeri, ube Sarvlisa, nifxvisa~. daq das kurTa qaTxua do

kinkis vegemdoxodava `dam das nifxavi aTxova da nakerze ar damijdeo~

(memiSiSi, Serozia 1990, 35).

megr. konk-i `kabis bolo~ (Cveni masala).

megr. kudel-i, kude-i `kudi~ (qajaia II, 2002); `kabis bolo, kabis

nawili~. TiS magirZa kaba mikaqunsu, kudeli dixas miaCerCel� ìm sigrZe

kaba acvia, kabis bolos (kuds) miwaze miaTrevs (uCoCialebs)~ (Cveni

masala).

megr. luba (kilanava 1998) || l��ba (yifSiZe 1994) || uba || liba (martv.)

ùbe~ Sdr, laz. uba ùbe, mkerdi~ (mari 1910). sqani dudi qomuCasi lubaSi

dinaxunafalo `Seni Tavi momca, ubeSi Casasmelad~ (samuSia 1971, 143).

megr. manja `maja~ (samoslis) (Cveni masala) || manJet-i `maja~ (qobalia

2010).

megr. naT-i `weli (tanisamosisa)~ (Waraia 1997) || naTiu || naTia `nakeri;

tansacmlis zeda ukana mxare; sxvisi kerZi; nawiladevi~ (qobalia 2010).

71

megr. obinal-i `sakinZe, sakinZi (perang. da sxv) (Sesakravebi) (Waraia

1997). leqsema warmoqmnilia binua `Sekvra~ zmnisagan o-al afiqsebiT.

megr. olar-i òlari~. olara nina `grZeli ena~. Sdr. larafa ninaSi

(qajaia II, 2002). papas olari mukaqunsu `mRvdels olari acvia~ (Cveni

masala). qarT. olar-i 1) `mRvdlis yels sakidi~; 2) `sartyeli~ (saba I,

1991). olar-i (berZn. orarion) `mRvdlis samoslis nawili, _ yelze

Camosacmeli grZeli da viwro, oqromkediT naqargi qsovili~ (qegli VI,

1960).

megr. o��ale || o��aleS-i `sayelo~ (kilanava 1998). aTe kabaSa o�aleSi

mafu okeTebeli àm kabisTvis sayelo maqvs gasakeTebeli~ (Cveni masala).

o��ale warmoqmnili sityvaa, miRebuli ��al- fuZisagan o-e daniSnulebis

afiqsis darTviT, o��aleS-s ki naT. brunvis –S sufiqsic erTvis.

megr. pij-i `sapire~ (piji do sarCuli `sapire da sarCuli~) (Waraia

1997).

megr. ruSqo `kirkinti kurTaSi g�Ta�unafali (Wanturias arqivi, # 434).

megr. rRia ìRlia~. kabaSi rRia naptani alaWkirili afudu `kabis

iRlia nametani amoWrili hqonda~ (Cveni masala).

megr. sarRio `saiRlie Wrili samosisa; avgarozi, romelic iRliis

xazze unda miekros balRis tansacmels~ (qobalia 2010).

megr. sarCul-i `sarCuli~. piji do sarCuli `sapire da sarCuli~

(Waraia 1997). e kabas sarCuli vanoRve àm kabas sarCuli ar hqonia~ (Cveni

masala). sarCul-i miRebulia rC- Zirze sa-ul afiqsebis darTviT. Sdr.

qarT. sarCul-i 1. tansacmlis, sabnisa da misT. SigniTa pirad

gamokerebuli qsovili. 2. risame qveS simagrisaTvis amodebuli sagani, _

qvesadebi. 3. gadat. mizezi, sababi (qegli VI, 1960).

megr. safulaqo `saRile, Ril-kilo~ (qobalia 2010). safulaqo mafu

eSaWkirali `saRile maqvs amosaWreli~ (Cveni masala). nawarmoebi sityvaa,

miRebulia fulaq- `Rili~ fuZeze sa-o afiqsis darTviT.

megr. fota `fuTa, winsafari~. jveSo osurefi fotas iWandes `Zvelad

qalebi winsafars ikeravdnen~ (Cveni masala). forCisagan qalebi fotas

ikeravdnen. aiRebdnen erT gans, miakerebdnen zonars da win Semoikravdnen.

mkerdidan barZayamdis hqondaT Semoxveuli didi zomis oTxkuTxa an

72

sworkuTxa naWeri, romelsac iyeneben foTlis (TuTis, Cais) Sesaxvevad da

gadasatanad (masalebi 1983, 240, 245). gur. fota `raime Tavmokruli~. zan.

fota `raime Tavmokruli, winsafari~ (JRenti 1936, 25). a. Wanturias

ganmartebiT, fotas muSa qalebi Romis cexvis dros ikeTebdnen,

axlandeli winsafris magier (Wanturias arqivi, # 434). Sdr. laz. fota.

megr. qila `qila (Coxis masra)~, qileb-i `Coxis masrebi~. RarTi vamokon

do qila `Coxa ar minda da masra~ (samuSia 1971, 122). masra keTdeba irmisa

da kameCis rqisagan. saWiroa, agreTve, urTxela. rqa ganiT gadaixerxeba

or-ori TiTis sifarToeze, TiToeuli nawili iTleba najaxiT da

WibursaniT sufTavdeba da Semdeg SalaSiT gaixvriteba. Zvelad qila

gaxvretili iyo da ramiT gamotenili. XX s-is 30-ian wlebSi qilis Tavi

ar aris gaxvretili. urTxela daiWreba, TiToeuli sami TiTis sigrZisa,

Semdeg daniT gaiTleba da gaiwmindeba, garSemoweriloba unda iyos 6

santimetri. am xeebs erT TavSi Wdeebi aqvT. rqebsa da xeebs erTmaneTSi

Caayeneben da Tevzis weboTi daawepeben. irmis rqas da urTxelis xes Sua

Caayoleben kameCis an Txis rqis zols. qilebis zoma: sigrZe _ 9 sm,

irgvliv _ 6 sm. erT Coxas sWirdeba 20 cali qila (masalebi 1983, 240).

Sdr. qarT. qila 1. pirfarTo, umuclo WurWeli Tixisa, minisa _ erbosa,

murabisa da misT. Sesanaxavad da mawvnis Casadedeblad. 2. am WurWlis

tevadobisa. 3. kuTx. (imer. gur.) marcvleulis, fqvilis sawyao, udris erT

fuTs. 4. kuTx. (qarTl. imer. gur.) igivea, rac masra (qegli VII, 1962).

megr. saqilo `saqile, samasre (Coxisa); safqvile (tomara)~ (qobalia

2010) || saqile `samasre~ (qajaia II, 2002). saanalizo formebi qila-sgan

miRebulia sa-e da sa-o afiqsebiT.

megr. quba `qoba, tanisamosis nawili~ (Waraia 1997; qajaia III, 2002). quba

geiTuSqvi do kaba deginzarebu `qobi gamouSvi da kaba dagrZeldeba~

(qajaia III, 2002). Sdr. qarT. qoba (qobisa) 1. samoslis boloze Signidan

xelis sibrtyed Semovlebuli sarCuli. 2. gadat. saerTod, zoli risame

kideze (qegli VII, 1962).

megr. Caq-i `Coxis garRveuli gverdebi~ (masalebi 1983, 242). Caq-i

`samosis Caxsnili gverdi, yuri samoslisa, romelSic iyreba qamari,

Caquri (igivea, rac Carq-i); mokle, damaxinjebuli fexi~ (qobalia 2010).

Sdr. Caq-i `kalTis Senaxevi~ (saba I, 1991). qarT. Caqi (spars. Cak `xvreli,

73

tanisamosis gaxeuli adgili~) 1. amoukeravad datovebuli adgili zeda

samosis gverdiT kalTebze. 2. kuTx. (kax. TuS. xevs.) gamoSverili nawili

Coxis an axaluxis ukana kalTebis gadanakerebSi (welTan) (qegli VIII,

1964). Sdr. aWar. Caq-i `CaWrili maja~ (koberiZe 2011, 90). ix. megr. Careqami

osare.

megr. CxviCxv-i `fesvi; samoslis SemoZenZili bolo; ZenZ-foCi; simindis,

bostneulis katari~ (qobalia 2010). kabas CxviCxvi guTabu `kabas ZenZ-foCi

abia qvemodan~ (Cveni masala). Sdr. qarT. CxviCxv-i `fesvi~. megr. CxviCxv-i m.

Cuxua ganxiluli aqvs s.qarTvelur fuZed: qarT. cocx-i, svan. CeCx- ||

CaCx- (zs, qs,) `cocxi~ da s.-qarTv. aRadgens *cocx- `cocxi, fesvi~ fuZes

(Cuxua 2000-2003, 327).

megr. wel-i `weli sxeulis an samoslisa~ (qobalia 2010). Sdr. qarT.

weli1 `adamianis sxeulis nawili _ neknebis dasasrulsa da TeZos Zvlebs

Soris~ (qegli VIII, 1964).

megr. xeforCa `saxelo (tanisamosis)~ (Waraia 1997). xeforCa ← xe+forCa

`xeli + perangi~ (perangis xeli). Sdr. laz. forCa `perangi~ (n. mari).

sityvis warmomavlobisTvis mniSvnelovania m. Cuxuas Sexeduleba: zan

(megr.) {forC-a}, xe-forC-a `saxeluri~. Wan. forC-a `perangi~, xeforCa,

qarT. fanc-i `qsovili~ (zogadad), fac-er-i `Tevzis maxe~ (saba), fac-er-

kod-i `tredis maxe~ (saba), svan. f��C-i (zs), faC-l-8888l `bavSvis naqsovi

fexsacmeli~. s.qarTv. *fac- `qsova, qsovili~ → qarT. {facfacfacfac----}, fanc-i (←

fac-i), fac-er-i, zan. forCa (←←←← foC-a), svan. f��C- || faC- (Cuxua 2000-2003, 232).

megr. jibe `jibe~. sqani Sarvals jibe goxarcqu `Sens Sarvals jibe

gaxevia~ (Cveni masala). qarTulSi nasesxebia arabulidan, xolo qarTulis

gziT damkvidrebulia megrulSi. Sdr. qarT. jibe (arab. Jib) 1. zeda

tansacmelze mikerebuli patara parki fulis, cxvirsaxocis da misT.

Casadebad. || aseTi daniSnulebis saTavsi Cemodnis, parkis da sxva

gverdebze. 2. anat. Rru, upe, romelSic Tavsdeba zogierTi organo (qegl

VIII, 1964). es mniSvnelobebi megrul jibesac udasturdeba.

74

lazuri

laz. bob-i `sacvlis ube~ (Cveni masala). qarTulis dialeqtebSi

dasturdeba: bab-l-i, bab-l-eb-i 1) `sabnis qveda piris gadmonakeci gulis

garSemo~; 2) `muTaqis piris Tavebi (sxva qsovilisa)~; 3) `Sarvlis ubis Si-

da nawili~. qiziyurSi bab-l-i, bab-l-eb-i `naqargis erT-erTi saxea, samku-

Txedad naqsovi~.

migvaCnia, rom qarTlur-qiziyuri bab-l-is fonetikur-semantikuri Sesa-

tyvisi Cans lazur metyvelebaSi dadasturebuli bob- fuZe, Sdr. laz.

bob-i `Sarvlis an sacvlis ube~.

mocemuli qarTul-zanuri fuZeebi semantikurad igiveobrivia, xolo

fonetikurad qarTuli a: zanuri o Sesatyvisoba eWvs ar iwvevs; qarTul

dialeqtebSi povnieri fuZiseuli -l- lazurSi SeiZleba dakarguli iyos.

laz. bobR-i `konki~ (Tandilava 2013).

laz. gerCafule (ge-rC-af-ul-e) `sarCuli~ (Cveni masala). ix. megr.

sarCuli.

laz. gorCalu (go-rC-al-u) `winsafari~ (Tandilava 2013).

laz. gotkale (go-tk-al-e) `saTave (betki)~ (Cveni masala). nawarmoebia

gotkala `Semortyma~ zmnisagan.

laz. gowaki(r)u (go-wa-kir-u) `winsafari~ (vaniliSi, Tandilava 1984, 79).

amave mniSvnelobiT gvxvdeba fanTuki `winsafari~ (Tandilava 2013).

laz. gowakorale (go-wa-kor-al-e) || gowakoru (go-wa-kor-u) ||

kowoTvala (ko-wo-Tv-al-a) `winsafari~ (uzunhasanoRlu, bujakliSi, aleq-

siva 2007).

laz. kowankoru (ko-wa-n-kor-u) || kowoTvalu (ko-wo-Tv-al-u) `winsafari~


winsafris aRmniSvneli es leqsikuri erTeulebi miRebulia k- `kvris~

aRmniSvneli Zirisagan, romelic sxvadasxva zmniswiniTaa gaformebuli.

laz. gur-pij-i `gul-mkerdi (kabis)~ (Cveni masala).

laz. Telik-i `saRile~. Telikef-e `saRileebi~. aÁa forCas TeliRefe

va uRun `am perangs saRileebi ar aqvs~ (Cveni masala).

laz. kalamb-i `rezinis gasayreli adgili tansacmelSi~ (Tandilava

2013).

75

laz. konk-i `naxevi, WinWi~. konkefeTen gebueli Sarvali

`WinWebdakerebuli Sarvali~ (Cveni masala). Sdr. megr. konk-i.

laz. kuCx-i `Sarvlis toti~. kuCxefe `Sarvlis totebi~ (Cveni masala).

laz. (xeSi) mendikon-i `maja~ (Cveni masala).

laz. mbela `WinWi, naWeri; nawili~ (Tandilava 2013). qCe mbela

gegirCare `TeTri naWeri unda dagifino~ (Ciqobava 1936, 58).

laz. oba (obafe) (lazuris fondi) || uba `ube~ (Cveni masala). koCisTi

muTxani obas qomulobRu `kacsac raRaca ubeSi Cauyara~ (kartozia 1970,

105).

laz. omuzluR-i `samxre~ (Turq. omuzluk). burzas omuzluRi medgimuSi

ren `bluzaze samxre misakerebeli aris~ (Tandilava 2013). miRebulia

Turq. omuz `mxari~ fuZeze -luk `daniSnulebis afiqsis darTviT.

laz. pintola || ��tili (viw.) `nawili, nafleTi~ (uzunhasanoRlu, bujak-

liSi, aleqsiva 2007).

laz. piSTimale `mosaxuravi, winsafari~. uCa piSTimale mogoTume do

dogoxunaf, gÁelini Cqimi `Sav mosaxuravs dagafareb da dagsvam, Cemo

patarZalo~ (Ciqobava 1929, 139).

laz. podia `kalTa~. gowakiruS podias uRun azuRi `winsafriT

daatarebs saWmelsa~ (vaniliSi, Tandilava 1984, 79).

laz. falasqa `kabis qveda nawilze momatebuli figuronis nawili~

(Tandilava 2013).

laz. faloTefe `samxreebi~. mxujis faloTefe geWeri uRutu `mxarze

samxreebi dakerili hqonda~ (Cveni masala).

laz. feS-i `naWeri (kabis)~ (Cveni masala). Sdr. aWar. feS-i (koberiZe

2011, 90).

laz. qena `gverdi (kabis)~ (Cveni masala).

laz. yal-i || oyale || yaliSi || Áaqa `sayelo~. oyale memidgi || memiWi

forCaSa `kabaze sayelo mimidgi || mimikere~ (Cveni masala). ix. megr. o��ale.

a. TandilavasTan aRniSnulia, rom laz. Áaqa momdinareobs amave

mniSvnelobis Turq. yaka formisagan (Tandilava 2013).

laz. Ska || Sqa `weli, TeZo~. Coxas Skas qemeri uRutes `Coxaze, welze

qamari hqondaT~ (Cveni masala).

76

laz. Ralajij-i || xelajij-i ìRlia~ (mari 1910; lazuris fondi).

laz. xe `samosis mklavi~. Sdr. xeon-i `mklaviani~ (uzunhasanoRlu, bu-

jakliSi, aleqsiva 2007). ar xeoni forCa ebWofare èrTi mklaviani

(xeliani) perangi unda viyido (Cveni masala).

laz. xenWal-i `maja~ (Tandilava 2013).

laz. xeforCa `samosis mklavi~ (uzunhasanoRlu, bujakliSi, aleqsiva

2007). xeforCaSen xe qegamiRu `mklavidan xeli gamoiRo~ (Cveni masala).

laz. jebe `jibe~ (asaT., 32, 5) || jib-i || jebe (Sdr. Turq. Jep) (lazuris

fondi). jebes fara va miRun hiC `jibeSi fuli ara maqvs sruliad~

(asaTiani 1974, 32). andronikaSvilis azriT, momdinareobs spars. JJJJ9999b

formidan (andronikaSvili 1996, 215). ix. megr. jibe.

laz. ��orkaSi ��uj-i `kabis kalTa (bolo)~. emus �orkaSi �uji qanuWkiu

e-do qoSinaxu ìmas kabis kalTa moaWra da Seinaxa~ (Cveni masala). Sdr.

Zv. qarT. yur-i `tansacmlis kabis kudi~ (abulaZe 1973).

2) fexsamosis nawilebi

megruli

megr. boRaz-i 1) navisebri amonaWrebi fexsacmlisa, wuRisa~; 2) `yure,

navmisadgomi; sabalaxo~ (qobalia 2010). Sdr. Turq. boğaz.

megr. inarCafal-i `Casafeni~ (Cveni masala). CaflaSi inarCafalq diSir�

`fexsacmlis Casafeni gacvTa~. Sdr. megr. rC- (rCa-fa) `dafena~. am zmnuri

Ziridan aris nawarmoebi mocemuli sityva: ina-rC-af-al-i. is daniSnulebis

saxelia.

megr. naCa èna~. igivea, rac narCa `lanCa, Ziri~ (qobalia 2010); Sdr.

megr. narCakuCx-i `lanCa, fexis Ziri, terfi.~ (qajaia II, 2002); qorTuli

Cafla mugoZuna naCa giToputorili `qarTuli fexsacmeli gacviaT lanCa

(terfi) gamoglejili~ (beriZe 1920, 11). Sdr. naCaqur-i `quslis nerCi.~

qarT. lanCa 1) `sqeli tyavi fexsacmlis Zirisa~; 2) (qiz.) ìatakis

ficris qveS datanebuli soli an nafoti simagrisaTvis~ (qegli IV, 1955).

megr. paWanak-i `paWanaki, fexze gasayreli.~ sacveTs qvemoT paWanaki aqvs

77

fexis gasayreli (qajaia II, 2002). adre paWanakefi uCqudes `adre paWanaki

(fexze gasayreli) icodnen~ (Cveni masala). Sdr. javax. paWanik-i `fexis

koWisa da muxlis Tvlamde Casacmeli moqsovili wvivsakravi~ (beriZe

1981).

megr. CaflaSi niCvi `fexsacmlis cxviri~. CaflaSi niCvi doSirele

`fexsacmlis cxviri gacveTila~ (Cveni masala).

megr. sajinje `saZire~ (wuRasTvis) (masalebi 1983, 249). daniSnulebis

saxelia, nawarmoebia megr. jinj- `Ziri~ saxelisagan sa-e prefiqs-sufiqsis

meSveobiT.

lazuri

laz. qur-i || qui `fexsacmlis qusli~ (mari 1910). Cqar giZiruni xamfaS

kulani maRali quroni papuwefeTe `ginaxavs saerTod xamfas qaliSvili

maRalquslianifexsacmliT~ (JRenti 1938, 159).

laz. modvaluS-i nena (Cveni masala).

laz. modvaluS-i Cxvind-i `fexsacmlis cxviri~ (Cveni masala).

2) Tavsaburavis nawilebi

megruli

megr. kant-i `kanti~. qicas sqvamas qugu�une kanti `Tavsafars lamazad

Semoatare (Semoayole) kanti~ (Cveni masala). Sdr. qarT. kanti2 (germ. kanke

rusuli enis meSveobiT) `qsovilis viwro zoli tanisamosis kideze

movlebuli an nakerSi Cayolebuli. || raime masalis viwro zoli,

Semovlebuli risame kideebze~ (qegli IV, 1955).

megr. kowol-i `nawnavi, konkrixoze datovebuli Tma, kululu, foCi,

naZenZi, kenwero, kunwuli; wverokina; qudisa da Cabalaxis wveti~ (qobalia

2010). TuSuri kowol�� 1) `Tmis nawnavi~, 2) `siTxis duRilis Sxefi~

(cocaniZe 2012).

megr. qicaSi wkvet-i || wkvent-i `Tavsafris wveti, wveri~ (qajaia III, 2002)

|| megr. qicaS-i wvand-i `Tavsafris wveri~ (Cveni masala).

78

megr. qudiS-i ��uj-i `qudis yuri~ (Cveni masala).

lazuri

laz. qudiS-i kukut-i `qudis yuri~.

laz. mimiti `qalis Tavsaburavis boloebi~ (Tandilava 2013).

$ 2. samoslis Sesakravebi; sartylebi

megruli

megr. aTakiral-i `qveS amosakvreli, misabmeli~ (qobalia 2010).

megr. akabinal-i `sakinZe, Sesabnevi~ (qobalia 2010). mimReoba, nawarmoebi

binua `Sebneva, Sekvra~ zmnisagan.

megr. ampour-i, ampeur-i `Tasma, apeuri~. || ampur-i || ampura. Sdr. Zv qarT.

apaur-i.

megr. band-i `blondi, bondi, wvrili Tasma an Toki, romelsac

saxlarTad iyeneben~ (qobalia 2010). Sdr. qarT. band-i (spars. bänd)

`Sekvra~, `naskvi~, `wvrili Toki an Tasma saxlarTad, mosakravad

gamoyenebuli~, `Wrilobis Sesaxvevi (qsovili)~ (qegli II, 2010).

megr. bant-i `bafTi, lenti, zonari~ (yifSiZe 1994). Sdr. qarT. bant-i

(germ bang) `wyvilad gamoskvnil-gamoyulfuli lenti~ (qegli I, 2008).

megr. gaskval-i || gasqval-i `gasakvanZi, Sesakravi, gasafskvneli~

(qobalia 2010).

megr. dalal-i igivea, rac kakula (qajaia I, 2001).

megr. dugmeb-i `Sesakravi (Coxis saxelosi)~ (masalebi 1983, 242). Sdr.

qarT. dugma `liTonis erTgvari Sesakravi, _ liTonis Ril-kilo, xrika.

eniani~ (qegli III, 1953).

megr. emaxuW-i `tomris gadanakecSi gayrili Tavis mosakravi zonari;

manJeti, totebis bolos Sesakvreli, xvanjari, yiTa~ (qobalia 2010).

megr. zmeika `elva (zmeika)~ (Cveni masala). zmeika gafu gonwy�mili

`elva gaqvs Sexsnili~ (Cveni masala). nasesxebia rusulidan.

79

megr. zort-i `zorti, grZeli Sesakravi~ (Waraia 1997). TuSuri zolt��

`tansacmlis Sesakravi naWris brtyeli zonari~ (cocaniZe 2012). Sdr.

qarT. zort-i `larisagan samoseli SesakinZavi~ (saba I, 1991). qarT. zorti

`qsovilis viwro zoli, zonari, romliTac ikraven tanisamosis ama Tu im

nawils~ (qegli IV, 1955).

megr. Tasma `Tasma, Rvedi~ (Waraia 1997). Sdr. qarT. grZlad da wvrilad

gamoWrili tyavis zonari, _wvrili Rvedi~ (qegli IV, 1955).

megr. kak-i `Rili abreSumis grexilisa (zogjer masSi atmis Rersac

Caawnavdnen, rom bzinvareba Semateboda, akerebdnen axaluxze, qalis

Zvirfas samosze~ (qobalia 2010).

megr. kakeb-i `Rilebi~. kakebi keTdeboda grexilisagan, romelic

abreSumisgan iyo damzadebuli, zogjer kakebs TmiTac amkobdnen

(masalebi 1983, 241, 246). ix. laz. kik-i `Sesakravi~.

megr. kancxu `kauWi, dugma~ (qobalia 2010) || kacxu `qinZisTavi~ (qajaia

II, 2002).

megr. kanjo `kanjo~ (Waraia 1997), martvilurSi niSnavs `qinZisTavs~.

Sdr. qarT. kanjo 1) `dugma~; `ankesi, nemskavi~ 2) `galavnis qongurebi,

borblis kbilebi~ ← Turq. qanǏǏǏǏa `dugma~; `ankesi, nemskavi~ (qegli IV, 1955).

megr. kurTaer-i (l dakargulia) || kurTalar-i `xvanjari~. p. Waraia am

sityvas Slis amgvarad: kurTa `sacvali~ + lari `Zafi, simi~ e.i. nifxavis

Zali (Waraia 1997).

megr. lar-i `lari, simi abreSumisa; naqsovi sartyeli, xvanjari~

(qobalia 2010). Sdr. qarT. lar-i 1. saqonlis nawlavisa an myesisagan

gakeTebuli simi (Conguris, fanduris an misTanaTaTvis), _ alya, Zali. 2.

gaWimuli bawari (Toki, Zafi...) sxvadasxva daniSnulebisa (qegli IV, 1955).

megr. lekverTx-i || ÁekverTx-i || ÁakverTx-i || lekverTxeb-i

`lakverTxebi,~ `wvivsakravi~ (masalebi 1983, 245). Sdr. lekverTxia

`lekverTxi, wvivsakravi, paWiWis Sesakravi enebiani Rvedi~ (qobalia 2010).

megr. manik-i `balTa (igivea, rac barTa)~; Rilkilo; sakravis yelze

dakruli firfita (igivea, rac maliki = xis patara firfita, fanduris

yelSi gasayreli, romelzedac dakvris dros TiTebs daatareben);

abzinda, saCxvleteli rkinisa~ (qobalia 2010).

80

megr. martyafal-i (ma-rty-af-al-i) `sartyeli, Semosartymeli~ (qobalia

2010). warmoebiT mimReobaa, miRebuli rtyafa `mortyma~ zmnisagan ma- da –

al afiqsebiT.

megr. ortyafu (o-rty-af-u) `sartyeli~ (qajaia II, 2002) || ortkafu

`sartyeli~. is saerToqarTveluri fuZea: qarT. sartyel-i zan (megr.) ||

ortkafu zan (Wan.) otkafu (Ciqobava 1938, 60).

megr. oskval-i (o-skv-al-i) `Sesakravi, gasanaskvi, gasafskvneli~

(qobalia 2010). mimReoburi formaa, nawarmoebi skuala `Sekvra~ zmnisagan

o-al afiqsebiT.

megr. sadaf-i `folaqi, Rili~ (Waraia 1997). dasturdeba lazurSic,

romelic Turqulidan unda iyos Semosuli. Sdr. Turq. sedef `Rili~.

megr. folaq-i || fulaq-i `folaqi~ (Waraia 1997) || faÁaq-i (banZ.-martv.)

(qajaia III, 2002). raW. folaq-i < spars. (beriZe 1912). megrulSi dasturdeba

Rilis saxeoba: kuCxam fulaq-i `fexela, dafexili Rili sqeli

qsovilisaTvis (Coxaze ician)~ (qobalia 2010).

megr. SimSi – `qamris Zewkvi~ (qajaia IV, 2009).

megr. SqverT-i `Tasma, Solti~ (kilanava 1998). m. Cuxuas aqvs aseTi

dakavSireba: zan. (megr.) SqverT-i, SqverT-, SqverT-ia `Solti~. qarT.

Solt-, Solt-i `tyavis anaWeri grZlad~ (saba) (Cuxua 2000-2003, 308).

megr. CafariaS-i || CafareS-i `firfitiT naqsovi abreSumis zonari, arSia

tansacmlis mosarTavad an nakerebze mosavlebad~ (qobalia 2010).

nawarmoebia Cafaria fuZisagan naT. brunvis –Si sufiqsis meSveobiT.

megr. Wapu `qalamnis amosakravi Tasma, wvrili Toki; erTgvari

salocavi; bavSvi rom siarulis dawyebas daagviandeba, Wapus

gamoulocavdnen, mozrdil kvers akvakvars gamoacxobdnen, balRs wiTeli

ZafebiT Semokravdnen, samzadis karTan daayenebdnen, vinmes mezoblis

balRTan akvakvars natexs miscemdnen xelSi, ezos Semoarbeninebdnen da

ityodnen, RmerTo, maCvene, esec ase darbodeso, morbenali bolos Sekrul

balRsac gaurbenda da wvivebze Zafebs Seawyvetda. sam dReSi igi fexs ar

dgamda~ (qobalia 2010).

megr. xarTa `Semosakravi, Semosavlebi~ (kilanava 1998).

81

megr. xvanjar-i Sesakravi (masalebi 1983, 241). Sdr. qarT. xvanjar-i

`Sarvlis saTaurSi gasayreli zonari (qsovdnen abreSumis Zafisagan)~

(qegli VIII, 1964).

lazuri

laz. gotkafu (go-tk-af-u) `qamari~ || gotkale (go-tk-al-e) || otyafu (o-

ty-af-u) `SkaSi qemeჲ~ (Cveni masala) || otkafu (yifSiZe 1994) || gotkaloni

(go-tk-al-on-i) || gotkafule (go-tk-af-u-le) `sartyeli~ (Tandilava 2013).

oxoiSa mexTu-Si otkafu qaguiwku `Sin rom mivida, sartyeli Seixsna~

(asaTiani 1974, 43).

laz. zipa `Sesakravi Tasma~ (Tandilava 2013).

laz. Toi fusqulon-i (lazuris fondi) `welze Semosartyami~. Sdr.

Turq. tor.

laz. Toka `qamari~ (naqsovi `Toki~) || ToW-i || mTuk-i || Tuk-i (mari 1910,

lazuris fondi) (Turq. < ital.) toka `balTa~. Toka qogovitki `qamari

Semovirtyi~ (Cveni masala).

laz. Tor-i || ToÁ `erTgvari qamari~ (naqsovi). ToÁ formaSi r aris

Cavardnili. gvaqvs agreTve Tor-i `naqsovi qamari~. xeSen noSvale-Ti

guSudumelan ― &a Tori en, metaqsiSi &a nokefeSi iyven `xeliT

moqsovilsac gauyrian, is aris Tori, abreSumis iqneba an Zafis~ (Ciqobava

1929, 150). a. TandilavasTan gvxvdeba misi paraleluri saxeobebi, romelTa

sityvis TavSi gaCenilia m an n: mTor-i || nTor-i `abreSumis foCebiani

qamari~ (Tandilava 2013).

laz. koklewa (aTin.) `welze mosartymeli Savi naWeri~ (uzunhasanoRlu,


laz. kuspiWi || kukuli (furt.) `windebis erTmaneTTan misamagrebeli,

dasakavSirebeli patara Rili~ (uzunhasanoRlu, bujakliSi, aleqsiva

2007).

laz. kuSaRi `welze Semosaxvevi~ (Turq. kušak) (Tandilava 2013).

laz. laTinka || kolTuRa `monadiris welze Semosartymeli

tyviebisTvis~ (Cveni masala);

82

laz. motkale `sartyeli, qamari~ (Tandilava 2013).

laz. okokoron-i || okokironi `Sesakravi Tasma~ (Tandilava 2013). Sdr.

megr. akakiral-i.

laz. ortkafu || ortafu || otkafu || otkapu `qamari, sartyeli~

(Tandilava 2013).

laz. sirim-i `qalamnis gasyreli, Sesakravi tyavisa.~ (Cveni masala) ||

sirma (Turq. sirma) `sirma, yaiTani~ (Tandilava 2013).

laz. ффффiSeluR-i `monadiris qamari~ (Cveni masala).

laz. qeme(r)-i `qamari~ (Turq. kemer) `sartyeli, qamari~ > Cemer-i

(lazuris fondi). samecniero literaturis mixedviT, qarT. qamar-i ←

spars. kamar `qamari~, os. kamari `qalis qamari~ ← qarT. (abaevi 1958, 570).

laz. Rved-i `zonari~. qalamaniS-i Rved-i `fexsacmlis zonari~. Rvedi

va uRuntan-Si, kinafiTen xolo Wafan, amma ordo dosTun `zonari Tu ar

aqvT, kanafiTac keraven, magram male fuWdeba~ (Ciqobava 1929, 165).

laz. Sib-i `sartyeli~. samecniero literaturaSi es fuZe miiCneva

s.qarTvelurad: Wan. Sib-i `zonari~, qarT. siba `sartylis adgili.

sasartyle~, svan. Sib (zs., lnt.) `xvanjari~ (Cuxua 2000-2003, 204).

laz. Ziminji `daTvis an Roris tyavisagan damzadebuli qamari~

(Tandilava 2013).

laz. xamaili (viw.) || qÁaSi || hemaili (aTin.) `welis qamari~ (Turq. hamail)


$ 3. samkaulebi

megruli

megr. beWed-i `beWedi~. moWyudus xes briliantiSi beWedi magudu

`patarZals xelze briliantis beWedi ekeTa~ (Cveni masala). Sdr. qarT.

beWed-i 1. samkauli TiTze Camosacmeli Zvirfasi liTonis an sxva masalis

rgoli (xSirad, _ TvlebiT mooWvili). (qegli I, 2008).

83

megr. broCka || broSka gulsabnevi (Cveni masala). paltoSa skvami broSka

qimkubinafudu `paltoze lamazi gulsabnevi daebnia~. nasesxebia

rusulidan.

megr. kakal- `kakali (cali); marcvali; mZivi; Roris avadmyofoba,

fetvela (xorcSi fetvis marcvaliviT daayris da mavnebels xdis. ix.

Cxvere, fatlenji)~ (qobalia 2010).

megr. kakila `krialosani, mZivebis asxmula (akvanze kidebdnen);

gvirilas msgavsi dabali balaxi~ (qobalia 2010).

megr. kobiWa `mkerdze dasakidi qalebisaTvis, mTlianad vercxliT da

oqroTi moWedili samkauli, qalebi atarebdnen mkerdze, Cafrazis~


megr. marwkind-i `beWedi; mbrwyinavi, brWyviala; sawindari; cicinaTela~.

Sdr. megr. marwkindia `cicinaTela; cimcima~ (qobalia 2010).

megr. oqroWkadil-i òqroWedili, oqros nakeToba~ (qobalia 2010).

megr. qiniste `qinZisTavi~ || qinZisTe igivea, rac qiniste `qinZisTavi~

(qajaia III, 2002). samkaulic aris.

megr. SimS-i `qamris Zewkvi~ (qajaia IV, 2009).

megr. Cafrazi `farTo, kavis msgavsi, waldis formis Sesakravi, mkerdze

ikeTebdnen~; Cafrazi beWili `dawnuli, Zewkviani, romelic xmas

gamoscemda~ (Wanturias arqivi, # 434).

megr. CiRilouri òqros an vercxlis samkerde, samkauli, Tvlebiani


megr. cef-i `jaWvi~ (Cveni masala). baRanas nanaTa cefi qigiobune

`bavSvs naTlobis Zewkvi dahkide~.

megr. Zewkv-i || Zewv-i `Zewkvi~, `wvrili jaWvi~ (qajaia III, 2002). gvxvdeba

sabasTanac: Zewkv-i, ZewkÂ (saba I, 1991).

megr. Zia `mZivi~; `Tevzis qviriTis Semadgeneli calkeuli Zafi,

asxmula~ (qobalia 2010). baRanaq Zia gomsofu `bavSvma mZivi damirRvia~

(Cveni masala).

megr. xati Zewkviani òqros an vercxlis Zewkvi, TerTmetjer hqonda

xats Semovlebuli, qalebi atarebdnen mkerdze samkaulad~ (Wanturias

arqivi, # 434).

84

lazuri

laz. bilezuRi `samajuri~. nasesxebia Turqulidan. Sdr. Turq. bilezik

(Tandilava 2013). man alTuniSi bilezuRi miRun `me oqros samajuri

maqvs~ (Cveni masala).

laz. gebunafale (ge-bun-af-al-e) || kiseriSi gebunafale

`Camosakidebeli, dasakidi~ (Cveni masala).

laz. godvaloni (go-dv-al-on-i) `samajuri~. xeSi godvaloni ginoni

`samajuri (xelze Semosadebi) ginda?~ (Cveni masala). nawamoebi saxelia,

miRebuli godvalu `Semovleba~ zmnaze –on sufiqsis darTviT (Tandilava

2013).

laz. dada-kaka `aWrelebuli, nair-nairi samkauli~ (Tandilava 2013).

laz. dolokidon-i (dolo-kid-on-i) `Camosakidebeli (yelze)~ || alis

dolokidoni (asaTiani 2012). muTu alis dolokidoni giRuni `raime yelze

dasakidebeli gaqvs?~ (Cveni masala).

laz. elanjuR-i `vercxlis Zewkvi, gulze dasakidi~ (lazuris fondi) ||

ilanjuR `yelze dasakidi Zewkvi~ (vaniliSi, Tandilava 1984, 114).

laz. zenjir-i || zenjil-i || zenjin-i || zinjir-i `jaWvi, Zewkvi~.

momdinareobs sparsulidan `jaWvi~ (koberiZe 2011, 30).

laz. Tabla (Turq. tepelik) `Tavsamkauli qalisa~ (mari 1910).

laz. Taji `gvirgvini~. nasesxebia sparsulidan Turqulis meSveobiT

(Sdr. spars.-Turq. tač) (Tandilava 2013).

laz. Tingiri `sayure~ (Tandilava 2013).

laz. Tilisimi `Tilisma~. ar Tilisimi quRutu, �alis dolobutu

`erTi Tilisma hqonda, yelze ekida~ (Ciqobava 1929, 91).

laz. TuRi `gvirgvini~. TuRi gelogocigesi? `gvirgvini wamogacves?~

(Tandilava 2013).

laz. kumb-i `qalis samkauli~ (Tandilava 2013).

laz. mawkindi || mawindri `beWedi (TiTze wamosacmeli)~. ix. megr.

marwkindi.

laz. mindal-i `medali~ (lazuris fondi).

laz. moni `mZivi~. Sdr. gvari moniava.

85

laz. muxuri1 (spars.) `beWedi, Stampi~ (Tandilava 2013). baba-CqimiSi

muxui miRunÁa `mamaCemis beWedi maqvso~ (kartozia 1972, 157).

laz. nusqa || nuska àvgarozi~. nasesxebia Turqulidan. Sdr. Turq. nuska.

lazurSi gvxvdeba misi fonetikuri varianti: muska àvgarozi (Tilisma)

(patara, piriT dasakravi)~ (Tandilava 2013).

laz. o��uje `yursakidi, sayure~ (Tandilava 2013). nawarmoebi sityvaa,

miRebuli yuris aRmniSvnel ��uj- Zirze daniSnulebis o-e afiqsis

darTviT. Sdr. megr. o��uje ìd~.

laz. qჲჲჲჲosteR-i (Turq. köstek) `Zewkvi~ (lazuris fondi).

laz. yaliS saat-i `gulis (yelis) saaTi~ (lazuris fondi).

laz. yujiS-i `yursakidi, sayure~ (Tandilava 2013). nawarmoebi sityvaa,

miRebuli yuris aRmniSvnel ��uj- Zirze naTesaobiTi brunvis –iS

bolosarTis darTviT, e.i. `yurisa~. lazurSi am mniSvnelobiT

dasturdeba Sesityvebebic: ��uji dolokidale || yujiSi dolokidale ||

��ujis gelakidon-i `sayure (yurze dasakidebeli)~.

laz. qÁufe `sayure~. nasesxebia Turqulidan. Sdr. Turq. küpe ̀ id~.

laz. hilanjuR-i `qalis yelze Camosakidi vercxlis Zewkvi~ (Tandilava

2013).

$ 4. samoslis mosarTavebi

megruli

megr. barTa `balTa~ (qobalia 2010).

megr. gasanwyo || mosanwyo `gasawyobi, mosarTavi~ (Waraia 1997).

warmoqmnili sityvaa, nawarmoebia nwyuala `mowyoba~ zmnisagan sa-o

daniSnulebis afiqsebisa da ga- an mo- zmniswinebis darTviT. Sdr. laz.

mowyvinu.

megr. kruJao || yruJao || yurJao `maqmani~ (Cveni masala). ix. laz. TenTene

|| tisma.

megr. kuWul-i, kuWula `foCi~.

megr. mosarTe (mo-sa-rT-e) `mosarTavi~ (Waraia 1997).

86

megr. ruSqi `kirkintami kurTaSi giTa�unafali (r) Rili~ (Wanturias

arqivi, # 434).

megr. sirma `sayeloze Semosavlebi~ (masalebi 1983, 241). Sdr. qarT.

sirma `sxvaTa enaa, qarTulad oqros-Tma hqvian~ (saba I, 1991). gvxvdeba

aWarulSic: aWar. sirmian-i (Turq. sirma) `naqargi~ (koberiZe 2011, 88).

megr. foCv-i `foCi~ || foCveb-i `Zvelad farTo naqsovi sartyeli

hqondaT, ganiT erTi mtkaveli. sartyels ori bolo hqonda, romlebsac

foCvebi ekera. ikravdnen marcxena mxareze rgvlad gamokrulad~ (masalebi

1983, 242, 248). Sdr. aWar. foCv-i `Zafis kona~ (koberiZe 2011, 89).

megr. yaiTan-i `gasawyobi masala~ (masalebi 1983, 248).

lazuri

laz. dalalefe `qamarze Camokidebuli rkiniani tyavis Camosakidi~

(Cveni masala).

laz. dolocigale (dolo-cig-al-e) `CasarWobi~ (lazuris fondi).

laz. TenTena `maqmani~. xases TenTena godvaleri uRun `pirbadeze

maqmani aqvs modebuli~ (Cveni masala).

laz. kordela `banti, lenti, bafTa~ (Tandilava 2013).

laz. kruJavo `maqmani~ (Tandilava 2013). ix. megr. kruJao.

laz. mecigale (me-cig-al-e) `Zvirfasi qinZisTavi, gulsabnevi~ || fei

(vaniliSi, Tandilava 1984, 114).

laz. mowifxu (mo-wifx-u) || mowifxuS-i (mo-wifx-u-S-i) `mosarTavi~.

laz. mful-i `Rili~ || ful-i (lazuris fondi). a. Tandilava mas

ganmartavs, rogorc oqros monetas.

laz. sedef-i `Rili~ || sedeфффф-i. nasexebia Turqulidan. Sdr. qv. aWar.

sedef-i (koberiZe 2011, 90). ix. megr. sadaf-i.

laz. topWa `Tokis gasayreli, gamosabmeli, Sesakravi, pijakis orive

mxares ZafiT dakerebuli~. a. TandilavasTan gvxvdeba kopWa (Turq. kopčččča)

`folaqi~ (Tandilava 2013).

laz. falasqa `foCebi~. falasqa gondvaleÁ || goWeri forCa

`foCebSemovlebuli (Semokerebuli) samosi~ (Cveni masala).

87

laz. qeme-Á `kanti~ (Cveni masala).

laz. Sib-i `gasayreli~ (rezinis an naWris). Sdr. TuS. Sib�� 1) `vercxlis

Zewkvi~; 2) `gviristuli nakeri~ (cocaniZe 2012). Sibi gvxvdeba sabasTan da

ganmartebulia ase `erTi naqsovi~ (saba I, 1991).

laz. jafrast-i `Sesakravi~ (mari 1910, 157). am sityvas Semdeg enobriv

monacemebs udarebs v. abaevi: qarT. Cabrast-i `Sesakravi~ (dial.) ← spars.

čapr�st `Sesakravi~, zan (W) jafrast-i, os. carasi ̀ kauWi~ (kabaze) ← qarT.

(abaevi 1958, 289).

am TavSi aRiwera da gaanalizda samoslis Semadgeneli nawilebi.

kerZod: tanisamosis, fexsamosis, Tavsaburavis nawilebi. gamoikveTa maTi

forma da daniSnuleba; aqve ganvixileT samoslis mosarTavebi da

samkaulebi.

TematurTan erTad gavaanalizeT misi struqtura, ris Sedegadac

warmoCnda martivi da rTuli saxelebi. warmomavlobis TvalsazrisiT,

SeZlebisdagvarad, gamovlinda sakuTriv megrul-lazuri,

saerToqarTveluri da nasesxebi leqsika.

sayuradReboa is garemoeba, rom sxvadasxva jgufis sityvebi

semantikurad kveTen erTmaneTs.

gamolinda sityvebi, romlebsac gadataniTi mniSvnelobebi gaaCniaT.

V qveTavi

samoseli formisa da ragvarobis mixedviT

megruli

megr. elaxuWil-i (e-la-xuW-il-i) || moxuWil-i (mo-xuW-il-i)

`monaoWebuli kaba~ (Cveni masala). nawarmoebia megr. xuWua zmnisagan.

megr. alaginZa (a-la-ginZ-a) `CamogrZelebuli~ (Cveni masala). Sdr. megr.

ginZe `grZeli~.

megr. burd-i `uvargisi, cudi tanisamosi~ (Cveni masala).

88

megr. gakoburdRonil-i (ga-ko-burdR-on-il-i) (mikaqunali) `dafleTili

Casacmeli~ (Cveni masala). Sdr. megr. akoburdRonil-i `dafleTili,

aburduli~.

megr. Tarx-i (mikaqunali) `Talxi tanisamosi~. Sdr. qarT. Talx-i

`samgloviaro ferebi~ (saba I, 1991).

megr. oqaqalaia kaba `friala kaba, kloSiviT~ (Cveni masala). Sdr. megr.

qaqal-i `friali~.

megr. onaraia kaba `talRiseburi kaba~ (Cveni masala). mu onaraia kaba

mukaqunsu e ZRabis `ra talRiseburi kaba acvia am gogos~.

megr. saomorgualo (sa-o-mo-rgu-al-o) `samgloviaro~ (qobalia 2010).

miRebulia glovis aRmniSvneli megruli rg- Ziridan.

megr. uCa mukaqunal-i `Savi samgloviaro samoseli, ZaZa~ (qobalia 2010).

megr. ZonZ-i `ZonZi; Zalian Zveli, dafleTili tanisamosi; Cvari~.

(qajaia III, 2002). Sdr. ZonZ-i `ars yo(v)elive samoselTagan Zveli da

nagleji~ (saba I, 1991).

megr. orSialaia (mikaqunali) `Sriala (tanisamosi)~ (Cveni masala). Sdr.

megr. rSial-i `Sriali~.

megr. sasurd-i `sudari, sudara~, Sdr. surdua `sudrva~ (p. W., megr.-

qarT...). megr. sasurd-i `sasurdi; sudara; micvalebulze gadasafarebeli

an gasaxvevi qsovili; micvalebulis Sesamoseli ― da qveda sacvali an

Zveli xalaTismagvari Casacmeli; sasurdi, upiratesad, TeTri tilosi

unda yofiliyo, radgan abreSumi didxans ar dalpeboda da micvalebuls

Seawuxebda. amasTan, radganac abreSumi Wiisaa, iTvleboda, micvalebuls

matli daexvevao~ (qobalia 2010).

megr. xurxam-i || varandikam-i `yeliani~ (Cveni masala).

megr. dolafir-i `dagdebuli (ubralod Sekerili)~ (Cveni masala).

megr. cxirilia kaba `badisebri qsovilis kaba~ (Cveni masala).

megr. gofre (gofre kaba). Sdr. qarT. gofre (frang. gaufré) 1. erTmaneTze

miwyobilnakecebiani qsovili. 2. aseTi qsovilis qveda kaba (qegli II, 2010).

megr. elaCaxvili kaba `alag-alag amoberili, uformo~ (Cveni masala).

megr. samoWyuduo kaba `sapatarZlo kaba~ (Cveni masala).

megr. nagurgina mukaqunal-i `saqorwino samoseli (zogjer

samkvidrodac Seinaxavdnen)~ (qobalia 2010). ix. gurgin-i.

89

megr. sasumaro `sastumro, stumrisTvis gankuTvnili, sagareo samosi~

(qobalia 2010).

megr. rRamil-i || eSarRamil-i `gulamoRebuli, amoWrili~. Sdr. rRamua

`Rrmoba, Rrmulis, Rrantes, fosos gakeTeba~ (qobalia 2010).

megr. konkil-i `konkebi~ (qajaia II, 2002).

megr. RaJuria (mikaqunali) `Wreli~ (qajaia II, 2002).

megr. firfiSia kaba `koxtad, lamazad gaSlili kaba~ (Cveni masala).

megr. firsikia kaba ùbralo kaba~ (Cveni masala).

megr. gur-fiCa kaba `gulgaxsnili (gadaReRili) kaba~ (Cveni masala).

megr. swor-i kaba `swori kaba~ (Cveni masala).

megr. WaWil-i kaba àzborili kaba~ (Cveni masala). Sdr. megr. WaWua

àsxma~.

megr. kloS-i kaba `klioSi~ (Cveni masala). ix. laz. Calistoni ффффorka.

megr. tkvaCil-i kaba `farTo fenebiani, daplesili kaba~ (Cveni masala).

megr. plesil-i (|| presil-i) kaba `wvrilfenebiani kaba~ (Cveni masala).

megr. butilka kaba `viwro kaba~ (Cveni masala).

megr. alanwy��mil-i || gonwy��mil-i kaba, palto `Caxsnili kaba, palto~

(Cveni masala). miRebulia megr. nwy��ma `gaxsna~ zmnisagan.

megr. alaRaril-i (a-la-Rar-il-i) `Caxsnili~ (Cveni masala).

megr. Tangebian-i `Tangebiani~ (Cveni masala).

megr. gorRamil-i (kaba) `Rrmad CaWrili, Caxeuli, Caxramuli~ (qobalia

2010).

megr. gotebul-i kaba ùbralod Sekerili, moSvebuli kaba (nebismieri

tanisamosi)~ (Cveni masala).

megr. lagujijgura kaba e. i. tomarasaviT kaba (Cveni masala). ix.

laguji.

megr. gosvitil-i (go-svit-il-i) `swori~ (Cveni masala).

megr. ofioraia kaba `friala kaba~ (Cveni masala). Sdr. megr. fior-i

`friali~.

megr. JiSe kloS-i saorsulojgura `zemodan klioSi~ (Cveni masala).

megr. oyvayvaia palto `bewviani~ (Cveni masala).

megr. owawaia (kaba, palto) `grZeli, koxta~ (Cveni masala).

90

megr. oyoraia kaba || palto `lamazad rom irxeva iseTi kaba, palto~

(Cveni masala).

megr. ofarTxalaia ùSno, farTxuna~ (Cveni masala). Sdr. megr.

farTxal-i `farTxuni~.

megr. Wkiril-i uCa `Semouqobavi tansacmeli (zedmiw. daWrili Savi)~

(Cveni masala).

megr. gonwkilir-i kaba `viwro tansacmeli~ (Cveni masala).

megr. awokunta `winidan ufro mokle~. ityvian tansacmelze. Sdr. megr.

kunta `mokle~ (Cveni masala)..

megr. elakunta àlag-alag mokle~ (Cveni masala). Sdr. megr. kunta

`mokle~.

megr. lagirZia àlag-alag grZeli~ (nebismier tanisamosze ityvian).

Sdr. megr. girZe `grZeli~ (Cveni masala).

megr. Sveba `moSvebuli, xalvaTi (samosi)~ (qobalia 2010).

megr. ferTxiSia || firTxiSia ùSnod Sekerili, ubralo~ (Cveni masala).

megr. bambiam-i < bambeam-i `bambiani~ (qajaia II, 2002).

megr. tibu m��kaqunal-i `Tbili tansacmeli~ (Cveni masala).

megr. buJuJam-i `xaoiani~. Sdr. qarT. buJuJ-i `cxovaris tyavi

dagruzvili~ (saba I, 1991).

megr. oSarSalaia `Sriala, Zvirfasi samoseli~ (qobalia 2010). Sdr.

megr. SarSal-i `Sriali~.

megr. Sil-i `moqsovili, naqsovi~ (kilanava 1998). Sdr. megr. Suala

`qsova~.

megr. Wel-i `Sekerili~ (qobalia 2010). Sdr. megr. Wala `kerva~.

megr. oJgvarTalaia ùSnod CamogrZelebuli~ (qobalia 2010).

megr. brelfa `mravalfena~ (qobalia 2010).

megr. gofirfiCel-i `maqmanebiani, foCebiani (kaba); morTul-mokazmuli

(gogona)~ (qobalia 2010).

megr. aWkiril-i àWrili, asxmuli; gamokvalTuli, qvemodan

Semotmasnili tansacmeli da masSi gamokveTili nakvTebi~ (qobalia 2010).

megr. mino/m��no-finil-i `fenebiani~ (Cveni masala).

megr. WonWil-i `fena-fena erTmaneTze mikerebuli~ (Cveni masala).

91

megr. foCvam-i `foCiani, foCmovlebuli~, foCvam-i kaba `foCiani ||

foCebiani kaba~ (Cveni masala).

megr. kilekunta `moklemklaviani~ (Cveni masala).

megr. girZe xeforCami `grZelsaxeloebiani~ (Cveni masala).

megr. faRuri kaba (mdidruli kaba) qudi, faRuri m�kaquns (e. i.

mdidrulad acvia) (Cveni masala).

lazuri

laz. gononsTike `daglejili~ || gonosTike `dafleTili~ (Tandilava

2013).

laz. goCablu `fexsacmlisgan formis Secvla xmarebisas~ (Tandilava

2013).

laz. derdoniSi (Sdr. Turq. dert `wuxili~) doloqunu || uCa doluqunu ||

uCaloni `samgloviaro Casacmeli~ (Cveni masala).

laz. dorki (aTin.) || dorkiSi èrTi feris, araWreli (samosi)~ (uzun-

hasanoRlu, bujakliSi, aleqsiva 2007).

laz. kirmaRi forCa `gofre kaba~ (Cveni masala).

laz. meqiter-i `daplesili~. meqiter-i forCa `daplesili kaba~ (Cveni

masala).

laz. tuca doloqunu `Tbili tansacmeli~ (Cveni masala). Sdr. megr.

tucua `trusva, fufqva~. ix. megr. tibu mukaqunali.

laz. feSelon-i || feSeron-i forCa `naWrebiani kaba~. feSeron-i forCa

`naWrebiani kaba~ (Cveni masala).

laz. fCxatua doloqunu `brWyviala tansacmeli~ (Cveni masala).

laz. CoxaS-i doloqunu `nabadi~ (Cveni masala).

laz. noRamisluR-i `sadedoflo~ (Cveni masala).

laz. Calistoni ��orka `klioSi~ (Cveni masala).

laz. xemkule `moklemklaviani~ (Cveni masala).

laz. xeolon-i `mklaviani~ (Cveni masala).

laz. cigeÁ àzborili~. cigeÁ forCa àzborili kaba~ (Cveni masala).

laz. xuel-i || mexuel-i àzborili~. xuel-i || mexuel-i forCa

àzborili kaba~ (Cveni masala).

92

laz. zewari `micvalebulis gadasafarebeli~ (vaniliSi, Tandilava

1984, 136).

laz. qeффффin-i `sudara~ (Turq. kefen) (lazuris fondi).

laz. duvaR-i `farda, romelsac gadaafareben patarZals saqorwilo

msvlelobis dros, xeliT uWiravs patarZlis axlobels~. Turq. duvak (ği)

(lazuris fondi).

laz. ZinZola `dafxrewili~ (Tandilava 2013).

mocemul qveTavSi dajgufda samoseli formisa da ragvarobis

mixedviT. am TvalsazrisiT, sityvis analizi mniSvnelovania, radganac is

eris kulturuli yofis Taviseburebebs asaxavs. gamovlinda sxvadasxva

formis samoseli. garda Sinaarsibrivi mxarisa, am jgufSi Semavali

saxelebi struqturulad. gvaqvs: martivi da rTuli saxelebi da

Sesityvebebi.

VI qveTavi

samoslis masala

am qvejgufSi ganvixilavT im masalas, romelic samoslis (tanisamosis,

fexsamosis, Tavsaburavis) sawarmoeblad gamoiyeneba, kerZod: Zafi,

qsovili, tyavi, mcenare, matyli.

1) Zafi

megruli

megr. arTxe Zaf-i èrT xelad amoRebuli Zafi~ (qobalia 2010).

megr. bambeS Zaf-i `bambis narTi~ (qobalia 2010).

megr. kapron-i èrTgvari Zafi~. Sdr. qarT. èrTgvari xelovnuri boWko~

(qegli IV, 1955).

megr. kvirkv-i `Zafis koWi~ (kilanava 1998) || megr. kvikv-i `simrgvale,

narTi gorglad; kanafis ritualuri morgvi, romelsac swiraven kanafis

suls kvikvinas~ (qobalia 2010).

megr. konWiS Zaf-i `koWis Zafi~ (qobalia 2010).

93

megr. land-i (gila�oTama abreSumi) èrTi amoReba abreSumis Zafi~

(Waraia 1997); `landi; blondi; Sulo, erTi amoxveva abreSumis Zafi, Zafis

kona~ (qobalia 2010). Sdr. raW. land-i èrTi amoReba abreSumis Zafi~

(beriZe 1912) da aWar. land-i èrTi gabma abreSumis Zafi~ (koberiZe 2011,

83).

megr. landZaf-i èrTi amoxveva, landad amoxveuli Zafi~ (qobalia 2010).

Sdr. aWar. dalandva `landis, xifis damzadeba (Salis Zafs davlandavT,

landebaT gavakeTebT)~ (noRaideli 2008, 17).

megr. laSqva `nemsze erTi ageba Zafi~ (qobalia 2010).

megr. lilaZaf-i `gawvrilebuli Zafi~ (qobalia 2010).

megr. malaTa òqromkedi~ (qobalia 2010).

megr. maxeri || moxeri (Zafi) (Cveni masala).

megr. morgv-i `rgvali~ (yifSiZe 1994) || ZafiSi morgvi || megr. murg-i

`Zafis gorgali~. o. kaxaZis azriT, qarT (imer.) murgv-i `Zafis gorgali~,

igive Ziria, rac Wan. murgv-al-i || mugv-al-i `mrgvali~ (kaxaZe 1987, 20).

Sdr. aWar. murgv-i `morgvi, narTis gorgali~ (noRaideli 2008, 35).

megr. naTuxa `danarTi Zafi,~ `narTi~ (qajaia II, 2002).

megr. namarqva `maqoze darTuli ukuqceuli Zafi~ (qobalia 2010).

megr. orSval-i `dasaqsuli, qseli; saqseli Zafi~ (qobalia 2010). Sdr.

megr. rSuala `daqselva~.

megr. oSual-i (oSe) `saqsovi~ (kilanava 1998).

megr. omiSor-i igivea, rac omoSir-i `sazedao Zafi~. omoSiri Zafi

`saqsovi Zafi~ (masalebi 1983, 218).

megr. orSual-i `saqseli~ (masalebi 1983, 218). mimReobaa, nawarmoebi

megr. rSuala `daqselva~ zmnidan.

megr. oqroSi Zafi òqros Zafi, oqromkedi~ (qajaia III, 2002).

megr. sirma òqros an vercxlis Zafi, - oqromkedi~ (qajaia II, 2002). ix.

laz. sirma.

megr. ��anWiS Zaf-i àbreSumis Zafi~ (qobalia 2010).

megr. Sqvila || Sqvilua èrTi amoqna (amoReba) Zafi~. Sdr. Sqvilua

`mSvildiT pentva~ (qobalia 2010).

megr. CxviCxveli Zafi `CamoSlili Zafi~ (Cveni masala).

94

megr. Zaf-i `Zafi; Zili; Zali sakravisa~. Sdr. megr. Zafef-i `Zafebi,

Zafeuloba~ (qobalia 2010).

megr. Zaf do lar-i `Zafi da lari~ (qobalia 2010).

megr. Zafkarkazel-i `Zafis gorgali~ (qobalia 2010).

megr. Zila `wyvili Zafi~ (Cveni masala).

megr. Z��ga `matylis Zafi~ (Wanturia 1996, 223).

megr. wiap-i `gawvrilebamde gawelili, ganziduli Zafi (igivea, rac

Wapi)~. wiapel-i `magrad ganaskuli, gawripuli, ukiduresad gawewili da

gawvrilebuli (Zafi)~ (qobalia 2010). Sdr. wiapua `gawvrileba~.

lazuri

laz. Txveri `Zafi~ (Tandilava 2013). mimReobaa, miRebuli oTxu

`darTva~ zmnisagan.

laz. kanZ-i `kanZi, kanafisagan aclili Zafis buCqi~ (lazuris fondi).

laz. lor-i1 `Zafis saxeoba nemsSi gasayreli~ (Tandilava 2013).

laz. mak�� || makaa ||makara || makaÁa `koWis Zafi~ (lazuris fondi).

nasesxebia Turqulidan (Sdr. Turq. makara).

laz. montkoiSi nokefe `matlis Zafi~ (Cveni masala).

laz. mtva `Zafi~ (Tandilava 2013).

laz. nokef-e || nenkef-i (marii 1910, 30) || nenkef-e || nokef-i (Tandilava

2013) || nonWefi (art.) || noWefi (aTin.) (uzunhasanoRlu, bujakliSi, aleqsi-

va 2007) `Zafi~.

laz. nok-i `wvrili Zafi~ (Tandilava 2013).

laz. sirma `sirma, yaiTani~. SqaSa qagegixTeren Txozerefe sirmaSi

`welamde Camogsvlia, dawnili Tma sirmisa~ (vaniliSi, Tandilava 1984,

157). si eko megomsqun ho iar, ho iar, he sirmoni baSluRi `rogor gSvenis

ho iar, ho iar he sirmiani baSluRi~ (vaniliSi, Tandilava 1984, 162).

laz. tono `kenafisagan damzadebuli Zafi~ (vaniliSi, Tandilava 1984,

86).

laz. cqiali `vercxlis Rilebiani Zafi mikerebuli kabis saxeloze

idayvamde~.

2) qsovili

95

megruli

megr. aknamosa `Sinnaqsovi, miblandul-moblanduli, Sekowiwebuli

qsovili, ablabuda~ (qobalia 2010).

megr. areSum-i (yifSiZe 1994) || a(v)reSum-i àbreSumi~ (qobalia 2010).

aruSum do yaznay-i àbreSumi da yaisnaRi~ (krebiTi saxeli dazgiTa da

xeliT naqsovisa) (qobalia 2010). abreSumeuloba igivea, rac abreSumeuli

― àbreSumis qsovilebi~. Sdr. gur. yaW-abreSum-i `qsovili, abreSumisa da

yaWis Zafisgan~ (SaraSiZe 1938).

megr. atlaz-i (yifSiZe 1994) || antlas-i, atlas-i àtlasi~. Sdr. qarT.

atlas-i `naqsovi, lari~ (saba I, 1991).FSdr. megr. antlas-i do arxama

`diba-atlasi, Zvirfasi qsovilebi~ (sazog.) (qobalia 2010).

megr. atrez-i `nebismieri qsovili~ (Cveni masala).

megr. bambazia `bambis Tbili qsovili, rbili, bususiani~ (qajaia I, 2001).

megr. budusua `farCeuli, Zvirfasi qsovilebi~. Sdr. budusuefi

`Zvirfaseuloba~ (qobalia 2010).

megr. glas-i àbreSumis sqeli, mtkice qsovili~ (Wanturias arqivi, #

434).

megr. gogra àbreSumis Savi, usaxo qsovili~ (Wanturias arqivi, # 434).

megr. daraia àbreSumis qsovili, xeliT naqsovi~ (Wanturias arqivi, #

434). Sdr. qarT. daraia àbreSumis qsovili~ || àbreSumis didi mosaxvevi,

madnili~ (qegli III, 1953).

megr. TasyunT-i `Zvirfasi abreSumis zolebiani, Zvirfasi sakabe

qsovili~ (Wanturias arqivi, # 434).

megr. korox-i `Zvirfasi abreSumis saxeli~ (koroxiSi kaba) (Wanturias

arqivi, # 434) || `diba, farCa~ (qajaia II, 2002).

megr. korCa `qsovilis saxeobaa erTgvari, selisagan qsovdnen~

(masalebi 1983, 228).

megr. len-i `laini; lurjad SeRebili qsovili, upiratesad narma~

(qobalia 2010). kabasac da sacvlebsac lenisgan keravdnen, winsafarsac

(masalebi 1983, 242). Sdr. qarT. laini `Sinauri wesiT damzadebuli Txeli

bambis qsovili, upiratesad muq-lurjad SeRebili~ (qegli IV, 1955). qarT.

96

lains exeba v. abaevi: qarT. lain-i `SeRebili tilo~ < os. lajyn

`SeRebili~ < arab. laīn ̀ gluvi, rbili~ (abaevi 1958, 142).

megr. len-i (CineTis) `Txeli, Cinuri leni~ (Wanturias arqivi, # 434).

megr. leni (baRdadis) `moSavo, sqeli leni~ (Wanturias arqivi, # 434).

megr. lobidani èrTgvari qsovili~ (Wanturias arqivi, # 434).

megr. materia `qsovili~. Sdr. qarT. materia saubr. `qsovili~ (laT.

materia) (qegli V, 1958).

megr. melez-i àbreSumis qsovili, qselad (òrSvalo~) iyenebdnen

abreSumebs, misaqselad sels (Txviri), qsovils mduRareSi amoavlebdnen

(`dogibundes~), riTac igi rbili xdeboda, ixmareboda qalebis

saperanged~ (Wanturias arqivi, # 434).

megr. mis��r��li yuni `Zvirfasi abreSumis sirmiani qsovili; TasyunTi

amaze ufro mdare iyo~ (Wanturias arqivi, # 434).

megr. mitkal-i èrTgvari qsovili~. Sdr. qarT. mitkal-i (arab. mitkal)

`bambis TeTri qsovili~ (qegli V, 1958).

megr. movizi yanaozi `Wreli sakabe, Zvirfasi, Cinuri~ (Wanturias

arqivi, # 434).

megr. narma `narma, bandi, dolbandi~ (qobalia 2010). Sdr. qarT. narma

`bambis qsovili, uxeSi mitkali~ (qegli V, 1958).

megr. noWker-i `naWeri (qsovilisa)~. mimReobaa, nawarmoebi megr. Wkirua

`Wra~ zmnidan.

megr. obarbale CinTi `wminda barbalesaTvis Sesawiri qsovili, feradi,

upiratesad wiTeli da TeTri or arSinamde zomis CiTis naWrebi an

saalabo Tavsafrebi, romelTac tovebdnen sakraluri, wminda xeebis

totebze an mihqondaT salocavSi, sadac eklesiis msaxurebi saforebad

dafarnebad iyenebdnen~ (qobalia 2010).

megr. pint-i `binti, Cvari, WinWi~ || pintia `WinWris, Cvris nagleji~

(qajaia II, 2002).

megr. pirkal-i. Sdr. qarT. pirkal-i ìgivea, rac mitkali~ (qegli VI,

1960).

megr. JirganiS-i òrganiani (qsovili)~ (qobalia 2010). kompozitia,

miRebuli megr. Jir- òri~ da gan- `gani~ fuZeebis SeerTebiT, romelsac

darTuli aqvs naT. brunvis –iS niSani.

97

megr. sakabo `sakabe~ (qobalia 2010).

megr. salamarja `moxatuli (qsovili)~ (Wanturias arqivi, # 434).

megr. saosaro `saperange~ (Waraia 1997).

megr. satina `priala qsovili~. Sdr. qarT. satin-i (satinisa) [arab. zaitun

(CineTis erT-erTi navsadguris saxelwodebidan)] atlasiviT priala

qsovili bambisa an abreSumisa. otia ... satinis axaluxiT ... Camovida

qalaqSi (d. kld.). lurji satinis sada tansacmeli ver faravda ...

[jeiranis] sxeulis lamaz agebulebas (a. Wumb.) (qegl VI, 1960).

megr. fakva || fakv-i `Zveli, uvargisi qsovili, migdebuli, flasi~

(qobalia 2010).F

megr. faneli `flaneli~ (qajaia III, 2002). qarTulSi nasesxebia

frangulidan (Sdr. frang. flanelle) (qegli VII, 1962), megrulSi ki

qarTulidanaa damkvidrebuli.

megr. farCa `farCa, Zvirfasi qsovilis naWeri~. Sdr. qarT. farCa (spars.

farCah) 1. erTgvari Zvirfasi abreSumis qsovili. 2. qsovili saerTod, -

farTali.

megr. forCa `farCa~. forCas qsovdnen selis Zafisagan daraiasaviT,

mxolod misi gani ufro viwro iyo, vidre daraiasi. forCisagan Zvelad

mamakacis perangs keravdnen, muxlebamde grZeli iyo (masalebi 1983, 240).

qaTirCes forCa falo `qveS daiges mxolod forCa~ (mas., 77). Sdr. qarT.

farCa1 (farCisa) [spar. farCah] 1. erTgvari Zvirfasi abreSumis qsovili.

siRaribem farCis kaba gamacveTinao (andaza). [mJaunaSvilma] Caicva farCis

axaluxi (n. lom.). || figur. ra xania baRSi xeebs ar acvia mwvane farCa (g.

kaWax.). 2. qsovili, saerTod, _ farTali. rva Tvis Semdeg durmiSxanma

mTeli qaravani sxvadasxva farCebisa wamoiRo stambolidan (d. Wonq.).

`CavagebT ... [soroSi] Tbilad, rac mogvxdeba _ ...ZonZmanZi, svadasxva

farCis nakerebi, ... Cala, _ davaTbunebT da mere Sig CavsxdebiT~ (T.

razik.). qarT. farCa2 (farCisa) Zv. naWeri, nawili. erTi mTeli cxvari eqvsi

farCa aris: ori farCa _ ori mxari, gverdebi; ori farCa _ ori[v]

barklebi, erT farCad _ zurgis Zvali, erT farCad _ mkerd-kiseri

(«dasturl.») (qegli VII, 1962).

megr. fSali (Wanturias arqivi, # 434) || Sal-i `Sali~ (qajaia III, 2002).

Sdr. megr. Salobua `Saleuli~ (qobalia 2010).

98

megr. RarTa `Coxis naWrebi CeqmaSi Casataneblad~ (qobalia 2010).

megr. RarTi `Coxis qsovili~ (akaki Wanturias arqivi). ix. RarTi

samoslis saxeobebSi.

megr. yanaoz-i àbreSumis saxeoba~ (qobalia 2010); àbreSumis qsovili~

(Waraia 1997). es sityva qarTulSic dasturdeba da v. abaevi mas akavSirebs

saTanado osur da sparsul formebTan: qarT. yanaoz-i àbreSumis

qsovilis saxeoba~ ← os. ��anawyz ← spars. ��an��viz (abaevi 1973, 263).

megr. yarmandul-i || yarmandlo èrTgvari qsovilia wminda matylisa,

saaxaluxe, mbzinvare Savi ferisa~ (qobalia 2010).F

megr. yunTi èrTgvari qsovili~ (Wanturias arqivi, # 434).

megr. SaliS ��anWi `Salnarevi abreSumi~ (qobalia 2010).

megr. CeSi `bambis qsovili~ (Wanturias arqivi, # 434). ix. CeSi samoslis

saxeobebTan.

megr. CinT-i `CiTi~. Sdr. qarT. CiT-i (ind. Cit) `bambis Txeli, saxeebiani

qsovili~ (qegli VIII, 1964). Sdr. TuSuri CiT�� `Sinauri, matylis

narTisagan naqsovi da nakeri fexsacmeli ― faCuCi~ (cocaniZe 2012).

megr. Coxa `Sinmoqsovili Sali~ (qajaia III, 2002).

megr. cxomuri `wminda selis (Txviris) ubralo qsovili~ (Wanturias

arqivi, # 434).

megr. xaverd-i || xavedi `xaverdi~ (qobalia 2010). Sdr. qarT. xaverd-i

karg pirze xaos mqone qsovili (Cveulebriv, abreSumisa). [xvaramzes] tanze

Savi xaverdis qaTibi acvia (m. javax.). || am qsovilis tanisamosi. mefe...

xaverdebSi gamowyobili (v. barn.). (qegli VIII, 1964).

megr. xak-i `sqeli qsovili~. Sdr. qarT. xak-i1 (xakisa) 1. sqeli, uxeSi

qsovili. 2. kuTx. (TuS.) tomara, sacalo~ (qegli VIII, 1964).

megr. xamle `xami bambisagan~ (Wanturias arqivi, # 434).

megr. xamien-i `xami~. bambeSe Sundes xamiens `bambisgan qsovdnen xams~

(qajaia III, 2002). xamien-i igivea, rac xamiel-i, xamie-i - bambis am

qsovilisagan keravdnen sabnis leibis pirs, zewars, zeda da qveda

sacvlebs, pirsaxocs da a. S. Sdr. xam-i `bambis SeuRebavi qsovili, Sin

darTuli (msxvili) Zafisagan~ (masalebi 1983, 228; qajaia III, 2002). Sdr.

qarT. xam-i (xamisa) [spar. xam) 1. daumuSavebeli, gamouyvaneli, mouqneli.

99

xami Zafi. _ xami CiTi. _ xami tyavi. 2. bambis SeuRebavT qsovili, Sin

darTuli (msxvili) Zafisgan. wiTel perangsa giyidi, Torem xami bevriao

(xalx.). || egeve qsovili, raime ferad SeRebili. xali... gaxsnil wiTeli

xamis perangs icvamda (vaJa). 3. teq. qsovili saqsov dazgaze, jer

SeuRebavi da daumuSavebeli. 4. gamoucdeli, SeuCveveli; risame

ucodinari. èh, Cemo kargebo, jer Tqven gamoucdeli, xamebi xarT,

guSindeli balRebi, kargad ver icnobT muxTal wuTisofelsa!~ (vaJa)

(qegli VIII, 1964).

megr. xamCe botan. `bamba~; igivea, rac xamle, xamleni, ― bambis

Zafisagan Sin moqsovili materia (qajaia III, 2002).

megr. xara àbreSumis sqeli qsovili, rogorc gogra, erTi ferisa,

magari da gamZle iyo~ (Wanturias arqivi, # 434).

megr. jvalo ùxeSi, Txis bewvnarevi qsovili~. Sdr. qarT. jvalo 1.

ùxeSi, Txis bewvnarevi qsovili~. 2. (aWar.) igivea, rac tomara (qegl VIII,

1964). dasturdeba javaxurSic: jvali `tomara~ (beriZe 1981).

lazuri

laz. antlas-i || atlas-i àtlasi~. Sdr. qarT. atlas-i `naqsovi, lari~

(saba I, 1991); àbreSumis priala qsovili~ (qegli I, 2008). m. koberiZe mas

arabul nasesxobad ganixilavs (koberiZe 2011, 93).

laz. astar-i ùxeSi tilo, xami~ (Turq. astar `sarCuli~) (lazuris

fondi).

laz. bez-i (Turq. bez) `tilo, parusina, narma, qsovili~ (lazuris

fondi).

laz. batanÁe `qsovili erTgvari~ (lazuris fondi).

laz. dibet-i (furt.) `qsovilis saxeoba~ (uzunhasanoRlu, bujakliSi,

aleqsiva 2007).

laz. diril-i `qsovilis saxeoba~ (Tandilava 2013).

laz. ifeR-i (Turq. ipek) àbreSumi~ (lazuris fondi). Sdr. ombriSumiSi

|| ifeqli (Turq. ipekli) àbreSumis~. dadefeq qomoiRates ifeRiSi mendili

`mdidrebma (mdidrebs) mohqondaT abreSumis cxvirsaxoci~ (Ciqobava 1929,

67).

100

laz. Ta��Ta `qsovilis saxeoba~ (Tandilava 2013).

laz. kalata `qsovilis saxeoba~ (Tandilava 2013).

laz. karamandula `Savi feris qsovili~ (Tandilava 2013).

laz. kati��----e `xaverdi~. arabuli warmoSobis sityvaa, romelic

nasesxebia Turqulidan. Sdr. (arab.-Turq. kadife) (Tandilava 2013).

gamsesxebeli eniseuli d fonema lazurSi k-sTan mezoblobaSi

gamkveTrebulia da gadasulia t-Si.

laz. kenevew-e || keneviz-i `Zvelad moskovidan Semotanili qsovilis

saxeoba~ (uzunhasanoRlu, bujakliSi, aleqsiva 2007).

laz. koknew-i (furt.) `qalebis welze Semosaxvevi Salisagan

damzadebuli sakabe~ (uzunhasanoRlu, bujakliSi, aleqsiva 2007).

laz. kumaS-i èrTgvari qsovili, abreSumi~. doloqunu momimers,

qodovandvi kumaSi `tansacmels Camomitans, davabare abreSumisa~

(vaniliSi, Tandilava 1984, 156). Sdr. Turq. kumaš `qsovili~.

laz. lemza `Zafis qsovili~, Sdr. – melezi abreSumi (Tandilava 2013).

laz. mal-i4 `naWeri, qsovili~. nasesxebi unda iyos Turqulidan. Sdr.

Turq. mal.

laz. mandabol-i `mitkali~ (lazuris fondi).

laz. mekdas-i || metaqs-i || mektas-i || metaqs-e àbreSumi~ (Tandilava 2013)

|| metas-i (uzunhasanoRlu, bujakliSi, aleqsiva 2007).

laz. mSard-i (Tandilava 2013) || mSal-i || mSalT-i `Sali~ (uzunhasanoR-

lu, bujakliSi, aleqsiva 2007).

laz. naÁloniı `neiloni~ (Tandilava 2013).

laz. narma `narma~ (lazuris fondi). ix. megr. narma.

laz. ombriSumi àbreSumi~ (Tandilava 2013).

laz. omoqsura `zemodan naqargi TeTri feris qsovili~ (Tandilava

2013).

laz. pinti `Cvari, binti~ (Tandilava 2013). ix. megr. pinti.

laz. JorJeti || JaJoti (viw.) `bambisgan damzadebuli qsovilis

saxeoba~(uzunhasanoRlu, bujakliSi, aleqsiva 2007).

laz. saz-i àbreSumi~.

101

laz. satina || satena `satina~ (qsovili) (Tandilava 2013). ix. megr.

satina.

laz. skalati1 `maudi~ (Tandilava 2013).

laz. sukno `maudi~. nasesxebia rusulidan (Tandilava 2013).

laz. tilo (lazuris fondi) || vilar-i `tilo~ (yifSiZe 1994, 85).

laz. tkomila2 `SeRebili abreSumi~ (Tandilava 2013).

laz. farCa `naWeri~. a&a фorkaSi meWkireli farCa ma moT miRun `am

kabis naWeri me ratom maqvs?~ (Ciqobava 1929, 28).

laz. fiTikozi `materiaa – fildekosi~ (Tandilava 2013).

laz. Sal-i (Turq. šal) `Sali~. Sdr. qarT. Sal-i (Salisa) 1. matylis

qsovili. maudis, Salisa da abreSumis tanisamosi TiTqmis yvela kacsa da

qalsa aqvs (i. gogeb.). [beglars] Savi Sarvali da TeTri Salis windebi

acvia (n. lorTq.). gamoSvebulia didi raodenobiT ... Salis, abreSumisa da

bambis qsovilebi; 2. qalis Tbili mosasxami (mosaxvevi) matylis sqeli

qsovilisa, [oTaraanT qvrivma] moixvia Tavs Savi Sali (ilia). Tebro,

Tavidan fexebamdis dedis SalSi gaxveuli, cxenze ijda (vaJa) (qegli VII,

1962). iv. javaxiSvili mas qarTulSi sparsul nasesxobad miiCnevs. qarT.

Sal-i (term.) ← spars. šal `qsovilis saxeoba~ (masalebi 1983, 165, 299).

laz. Cadir-i 1) `narma~. 2) `karavi~ (lazuris fondi). a. Tandilava

ganmartavs rogorc `tilos (Tandilava 2013).

laz. CeCe `maudi~ (Tandilava 2013).

laz. CiT-i `CiTi~. sityvis istoriisaTvis ix. megr. CiT-i.

3) tyavi

megruli

megr. balaRia `xbos tyavis saqalamne~ (qobalia 2010).

megr. bua `bewvi~. Sdr. buaSi `bewvisa~ (qobalia 2010).

megr. kan-i `tyavi, kani~. jveSo kaniS Caflas Wandes `Zvelad tyavis

fexsacmels keravdnen~ (Cveni masala).

102

megr. kvaxCa `qeCxo; Txisa da cxvris tyavi bewviani~. Txis an cxvris

Tmiani tyavi, romelsac mwyemsebi iyeneben qveSsagebad (mTaSi); xmaroben

mosasxamad (saxeloebi ara aqvs, mwyemss ufaravs zurgs) (qajaia II, 2002).

megr. sakanCaflo `saqalamne~ (qobalia 2010).

megr. tyeb-i `tyavi~. laz. tkeb-i, teb-i `kani, tyavi~. es fuZeebi

saerToqarTvelurad miiCneva samecniero literaturaSi: qarT. tyav-i :

zan. tyeb- || tyab-, tyeb-i || tkeb-i `tyavi~, tyab-ar-u-a `gatyaveba~, gur. ←

zan. tyobura, qarT. tyav-i, tyav-eb-a, gada-e-tyav-eb-a, a-tyav-eb-s, svan.

ty��ef- || ty��f- || ty��f- (a-x- ty��f) (zs., lSx.) x-e- ty��ef-en-i lnt. `sZvreba

(tyavi, kani)~, me- ty��ef-e `atyavebuli~ (Cuxua 2000-2003, 218).

megr. qandaq-i `saqalamne, gamoyvanili da Soltebad aWrili tyavi

Rorisa; satyave Rori; erTgvari gadasaxadi Zv. samegreloSi. e. w. xmeli

begara. gadaixdeboda saSaSxe RoriT da tyaviT~ (qobalia 2010).

megr. Sigrin-i `Zvirfasi tyavi (sagrenidan); Zvirfasi samoseli

sazogadod~. Sdr. Sigrini do budusua `Zvirfasi tyavi da qsovili;

Zvirfasi samoseli (sazog.)~ (qobalia 2010).

megr. Sort-i `tyavis erTi naWeri.~ Zroxis an Roris tyavs TiTo

modvalaT (Cacmad) grZlad davWridiT, erT naWers Sorti ewodeboda

(masalebi 1983, 243); `Solti, fena, saqonlis tyavis an xis qerqis anaWeri

mTel sigrZeze, erTi fena tyavi, saqalamne tyavi; sazomi erTeulicaa

tyavisa (erTi Zroxis tyavi 8-14 Sortia, Sortisgan 6-7 qalamani gamodis)~

(qobalia 2010).

megr. wilamur-i `bewvi, Wavli (nabdisa)~ (qobalia 2010).

lazuri

laz. gÁoni (Turq. gön) `tyavi~.Aar qalamaniSi gÁoni miRun Senaxei `erTi

qalamanis tyavi maqvs Senaxuli~ (Tandilava 2013).

laz. Toma `bewvi, Tma~ qalamani do CafulaSi doloxe mCxuiSi TomaSi

wineki Sufan do muidumelan `qalamnisa da wuRis SigniT cxvris

bewvisagan windas qsoven da icvamen~ (Ciqobava 1929, 150).

laz. TulaWi `tyavis saxeoba~ (Tandilava 2013).

103

laz. siriRi (Turq. sirik) `qalamnis Sesakeri tyavis zonari, Snuri~

(Tandilava 2013).

laz. tkeb-i || teb-i || keb-i `tyavi, kani~ (Tandilava 2013). si mTuTiSi

tkebiSi ar didi forCa domiWi `Sen daTvis tyavisgan erTi didi perangi

Semikere~ (lazuris fondi). amJamad tkebis nacvlad gavrcelebulia

Turqulidan nasesxebi fosti.

laz. fomfolozi `bewvi (?), xao (?), RinRli (?)~ (Tandilava 2013).

laz. fost-i || fosT-i `tyavi (cxvrisa gaukreWavi)~ (Cveni masala).

4) mcenare

megruli

megr. bambaia ùxarisxo bamba, bambis qsovili~ (qobalia 2010).

megr. bambe `bamba~. Sdr. qarT. bamba 1. teqnikur kulturaSi farTod

gavrcelebuli erTwlovani balax-mcenare; datotvilia, aqvs momrgvalo

foTlebi; iZleva sarTav masalas. 2. amave mcenaris nayofSi gamoxveuli

TeTri boWko, romelsac saTanado damuSavebis Semdeg iyeneben safeiqro

mrewvelobaSi, medicinaSi da sxva (qegli II, 2008). v. abaevi qarT. bambas

udarebs osuri enis saTanado formas da miaCnia sparsul nasesxobad:

qarT. bamba ←←←← spars. pambah || os. b$$$$mb$g $g $g $g || b$$$$mp$g $g $g $g `bamba~ (abaevi 1958, 249).

iv. javaxiSvili aRniSnavs, rom XII-XIII saukuneebSi bambis qsovilebi

saqarTvelodan ucxoeTSic ki gahqondaT (javaxiSvili 1930, 143).

megr. kif-i || k��f-i `kanafi; uxeSi, magari ram sazogadod~. kifiS kurTa

`kanafis sacvali; gaWirvebisa, gaWirvebulis samyofi (gadat.)~ (qobalia

2010). Sdr. qarT. kanaf-i 1. èrTwlovani boWkovani mcenare, aqvs maRali

Rero, TaTisebri foTlebi da orsaxliani wvniki yvavilebi; misi

Rerosagan amzadeben sarTav boWkos – qerels~. 2. àm mcenaris qerqi –

sarTavi boWko~ (qegli IV, 1955). iv. javaxiSvilis azriT, qarT. kanaf-i ←

berZn. <annabis <annabis <annabis <annabis (javaxiSvili 1930, 395). v. Tofuria qarT. kanafs ukavSirebs

svan. qan, q��nS====r `kanafis Teslis guliani puri~ (Tofuria 1979, 166).

megr. su || fsu `seli~. forCas akeTebdnen susagan `selisagan~ (masalebi

1983, 240). `Zveli antikuri xanis mwerlebis cnobebis Tanaxmad, kolxeTi

104

ganTqmuli iyo selis nawarmis maRali xarisxiT. uTuod seli qarTuli

sityva unda iyos da SeiZleba qarTul qsels ukavSirdebodes da misgan

momdinareobdes~ (ciciSvili 1954, 4). ix. laz. fsiji.

megr. Wilof-i `Wilobi~ (Waraia 1997) || Wil-i || Wilo `Wili, leli,

Waobis wvrili mcenare (sazog.)~. Sdr. Wilobua `Wilis nakeTobani~

(qobalia 2010).

lazuri

laz. bambu `bamba~ (lazuris fondi). Llaz. Bbambaki `bambis saxeoba~

(Tandilava 2013).

laz. fambuRi `bamba~ (Turq. pamuk) (Tandilava 2013).

laz. fsij-i || sij-i `seli~. ha&a fsijiTe gefSumT `amas seliT vqsovT~

(lazuris fondi). rogorc osman-bei aRniSnavs, `lazuri seli maRali

xarisxisaa da iqaurebi imisagan qsoven tilos, romelic saxelmoxveWilia

aRmosavleTSi~ (osman-bei 1874, 364).

laz. sule-i `seli, kanafi~ (Tandilava 2013).

laz. Wefr-i || ke��----i `kanafi~ (Tandilava 2013).

laz. xuten-i `uTeslo kanafi~ (Tandilava 2013).

5) matyli

megruli

megr. beWva montyori `bewva matyli~ (qajaia I, 2001).

megr. buTa `gazafxulze ganakreWi, pirveli gakreWis matyli~ (qobalia

2010). nabuTu montyori `gazafxulze gakreWili matyli~. Sdr. afx. ab>a

(Waraia 1997). xevsurulSi gvxvdeba: buTuT-i `xSirmatylianis epiTeti~

(WinWarauli 2005).

megr. oTuxal-i `TiTistarze dasarTavi matyli, bamba, saZaxavi,

sarTavi~ (qajaia III, 2002).

105

megr. kanZ-i `kvanZi, erTi xveula matylisa~ (qobalia 2010). es fuZe

nawarmoebia kanZua zmnidan `gakreWa cxvrisa, kanZiT, matyliT datena

risame~ (qobalia 2010).

megr. kvarkvaSa montyor-i `daxveuli matyli, matylis qula, kurkumela~

(qobalia 2010). am fuZes m. Cuxua saerToqarTvelurad ganixilavs: zan.

(megr.) kvarkvaSa `qula (matylisa)~, qarT (mTiul.) kvirsl-i `bewvi

Salisa~, svan. kunk��s `narTi, Sulo (Zafisa)~. s. qarTv. *k��irs-(l) `qula

(matylisa)~ → qarT. kvirsl-i, zan. kvar-kvaSa ← k��irS-k��irSa, svan. kunk��s

← ← ← ← k��ir-k��eSa ←←←← *k��irS-k��irSa (Cuxua 2000-2003, 130). vvaraudobT, rom

kvarkvaSa nawarmoebi unda iyos megr. kvarkvaSua `daxveva~ zmnisagan.

megr. montyor-i `matyli~. nagval/� montyor-i `mTis matyli~ (masalebi

1962, 213).

megr. fatana `fTila, fartena~ (masalebi 1962, 218). Sdr. fart-en-a

`matylis fTila~ (saba II, 1993).

megr. qeqil-i `dafeTili, ganmurkluli (matyli)~ (qobalia 2010).

megr. Rawawa `metad nazi matyli, grZelbewviani~ (qajaia III, 2002).

lazuri

laz. montkor-i `matyli~ (lazuris fondi).

laz. ÁafaRi (Turq.) `matyli~ (Tandilava 2013).

laz. Áuni `matyli~ (Turq. yün) (Tandilava 2013).

am qveTavSi ganvixileT samoslis masala. gamovlinda, Tu risgan

mzaddeboda samoseli. am TvalsazrisiT, aseTi suraTi miviReT: samoslis

masalad gamoiyeneboda: Zafi, qsovili, tyavi, mcenare, matyli.

struqturulad gvaqvs: martivi, rTuli saxelebi da Sesityvebebi.

warmomavlobis mxriv, sakuTriv megrul-lazuri, saerToqarTveluri da

nasesxebi leqsika.

106

Tavi II. samoslis CacmasTan da gaxdasTan dakavSirebuli sityvebi

am TavSi ganvixilavT samoslis Cacma-daxurvis, gaxdasTan

dakavSirebul zmnebs. cal-calke warmovadgenT tanisamosis Cacmis,

Tavsaburavis daxurvis, fexsamosis Cacmis, morTvisa da agreTve,

tanisamosis, fexsamosis gaxdis, Tavsaburavis moxdisa da mosarTavebis

moxsnis aRmniSvnel leqsikur erTeulebs.

1) tanisamosis Cacma

megruli

megr. (muko)quna (muko-qun-a) `Cacma, daburva, SefuTva~. gamoiyofa qun-

saerToqarTveluri Ziri. misi warmomavlobis Sesaxeb ix. megr. mikoqvenj-i.

mikiqunans ìcvams~. am Zirisgan aris nawarmoebi moquna (mo-qun-a) ||

ginoquna (ginoquna) `mosxma, mocmma~. nabadi qigniqunu do midarT� `nabadi

Caicva da wavida~. goquna `Semoxurva, Semoburva (gaquns `Semoxveuli

aqvs~)~. gvaqvs am Zirisagan nawarmoebi mimReobebi, romlebsac gadataniTi

mniSvnelobac aqvT. miko/mukoqunel-i `Cacmuli~; `tanisamosiT

uzrunvelyofili~. rogorc zemoT aRvniSneT, -qun Zirs aqvs `daburvis,

SefuTvis~ mniSvneloba: diqunu `Tbilad Caicva, SeifuTa~. aqedan

nawarmoebi qunil-i `daTbunuli, SefuTuli, burvili, mosili~ (qobalia

2013). qun- Zirisagan iwarmoeba samoslis zogadi saxeobis aRmniSvneli

sxvadasxva fuZe. ix. mikaqunal-i, ginaqunal-i,, maqunal-i. sainteresoa,

agreTve, tanisamosis waRma da ukuRma Cacmis aRmniSvneli sityvebi.

kerZod, megr. morZgviSe mukoquna `waRma Cacma~, zedmiw. `marjvnisken

Cacma~, kvarCxiSe mukoquna ùkuRma Cacma~, zedmiw. `marcxnisken Cacma~,

arsebobs amis paraleluri forma: mundkile mukoquna ùkuRma Cacma~.

megr. aTabirZR�� (aTa-biZR�) `viwro, mokle Sarvali an sacvali acvia~.

gamoiyofa birZR- Ziri. Sdr. birZRafa `potineba, bRauWi~.

megr. aTo��unafa (aTo-�un-afa) `kabis qveS perangis (welamde) Cacma~. Sdr.

��un- (�un-afa) `Tanxleba~. gvaqvs am Ziris Semcveli sxva erTeulic,

romelic gvaZlevs semantikur sxvaobas samoslis adgilmdebareobis

mixedviT: mila��unafa (mila-�un-afa) `kabis an nebismieri gareTa samoslis

107

qveS ramis Cacma, Cayolieba~. am zmnuri Zirisagan aris nawarmoebi SigniTa

samoslis aRmniSvneli zogadi saxelebi: mila��unafal-i || aTa��unafal-i.

qvedaboloSi, SarvalSi an fexsacmelSi ramis Cataniebis Sinaarsis

gamomxatveli sityvac iwarmoeba am Ziridan: ino��unafa (ino-�un-afa)

`Catanieba, Cayolieba~. am semantikur mravalferovnebas gansazRvravs

zmniswini.

megr. awokirua (awo-kir-ua) `winsafris wakvra~. gamoiyofa kir- (kir-ua)

`Sekvra~. farTukis awikirans `winsafars waikravs~. es saerToqarTveluri

fuZea. Sdr. qarT. kar- || kr- (v-kar, Se-v-kar) : megr. kir- || k��r- (kir- ua|| k�r-

ua) : laz. kor- || kir- (o-kor-u || o-kir-u) `Sekvra~ (fenrixi, sarjvelaZe

2000, 170).

megr. burua `daburva, dafareba~, buruns `iburavs, ifarebs~ (qajaia II,

2002). buril-i `daburuli, dafuruli~.

megr. ganWu (ga-nW-u) (palto, nabadi an nebismieri Sesakraviani, gaxsnili

samosi) `moergeba, Semoswvdeba samosi~. Sdr. gonWafa (go-nWa-fa) || gonWa

(go-nW-a) `wvdoma, gawvdoma~.

megr. garokans `mokle tanisamosi acvia~ (Cveni masala).

megr. ginofaxua (gino-fax-ua) `wamokoseba~. nabadi ginafaxudes `nabadi

hqondaT wamokidebuli (wamokosebuli)~ (qajaia I, 2001). Sdr. fax- (fax-ua)

`faxva matylisa~ (qobalia 2010).

megr. gojvanjua `SefuTva, gaxveva~. sityva aRniSnul Sinaarss

gamoxatavs zogadad, igulisxmeba nebismieri sagnis SefuTva an gaxveva.

magram is bevri samoslis erTad an uSnod Cacmasac niSnavs: ifreli

arTo qimkijvanju `yvelaferi erTad Caicva, SeifuTa, Semoixvia~.

gojvanjvil-i `SefuTnuli, gaxveuli~. sqeli an ramdenime Tavsafris

erTad Semoxvevasac niSnavs: iuka gamkinwyu do TiT gojvanjvili q�morT

�udeSa `qveda kaba gaiZro da imiT SefuTnuli movida saxlSi~ (xubua 1937,

140).

megr. gino��oTama (gino-�oT-ama) `mogdeba (mxarze)~. gamoiyofa ��oT- (�oT-

ama) Ziri `srola, gadagdeba~; gvaqvs am Zirisagan nawarmoebi muko��oTama

(muko-�oT-ama) `tansacmlis swrafad Cacma, mogdeba~. es fuZe tansacmlis

108

gaxdasac aRniSnavs, magram konteqstis mixedviT unda ganvasxvavoT

Sinaarsi. mag.: kabas ucbas qimki��oTans `kabas uceb Caicvams, zedmiw.

`moigdebs~; kabas gamki��oTans `kabas swrafad gaixdis, zedmiw. `gaagdebs~.

am zmnisagan nawarmoebi leqsikuri erTeulebi fexze Cacma-gaxdis, Tavze

daburvisa da Tavsaburavis moxdis aRsaniSnavadac gamoiyeneba. am

Zirisgan fexze swrafad Cacmis, Tavze swrafad daburvis, welze swrafad

sartylis Semortymis aRmniSvneli sityvebic iwarmoeba. ix. mo�oTama,

ge�oTama, gi/�To�oTama.

megr. gorinafa (go-rina-fa) `tanze moyvana, morgeba (Coxisa), gorinel-i

`tans momdgari (Coxa)~ (qobalia 2010). es sityva zedmiwevniT niSnavs:

`garSemo yofna~. piriani formac ewarmoeba mas: gare – kaba gare `kaba

momdgari aqvs~, zedmiw. `garSemo aris~. am formaSi ga- zmniswinia, re ki –

`aris~.

megr. doforua (do-for-ua) `Semosva (Sesudrvis) mniSvnelobiT~.

gamoiyofa for- Ziri, difor� `Seisudra~. doforili gilurcu `Semosili

(Sesudruli dadis)~. am zmnisagan aris nawarmoebi samoslis zogadi

saxeli gaforal-i `Sesamoseli, Semosafarebeli~.

megr. doZonZua (do-ZonZ-ua) daZonZva, daxunZvla; ZaZebiT Sesudrva;

ZonZebSi gaxveva (qobalia). ZonZ- Ziridan aris nawarmoebi doZonZil-i

`ZaZebiT Sesudruli, ZonZebSi gaxveuli~. Sdr. ZonZ-i `ZonZi, daZonZili,

zonzroxa~. SesaZloa is nazmnari saxelia. Sdr. qarT. ZonZ-i `Zveli,

dafleTili tanisamosi~.

megr. mukorsxipua || mikorsxipua || m��korsxipua (muko-rsxip-ua || miko-

rsxip-ua || m�ko-rsxip-ua) `viwro an Semotkecili tanisamosis Cacma~.

gamoiyofa rsxip- (rsxip-ua) Ziri `Semosxepa, Semotkeca, gansxirpva,

gaWimva~. (qobalia 2010). mikirsxipans `viwro tanisamoss Zlivs icvams ise,

rom Semosxepili aqvs~. Sesabamisad, morsxipil-i kaba `Semosxepili,

Semotkecili kaba~. viwro an Semotkecili Sarvlis Cacmasac niSnavs –

mirsxipans `viwro an Semotkecil Sarvals icvams~. Sesabamisad,

morsxipil-i Sarvali `Semosxepili, Semotkecili Sarvali~. mocemuli

fuZe viwro, fexze momjdari fexsacmlis Cacmisa da viwro Tavze

motkecili qudis daxurvis aRmniSvnel sityvebsac awarmoebs. ix.

109

morsxipua, gersxipua. samecniero literaturaSi saanalizo fuZis amgvari

dakavSireba arsebobs: qarT. sxerp- || sxirp- (gan-sxirp-v-a) `gakvra~ : megr.

rsxip- (go-rsxip-u-a) `gakvra; moWera~; i-rsxip-un-s ùWers~ < *sxirp-, : svan.

cxep- || cxip- (x-a-cxip àrtyia~, x-e-cxp-i `Semoertymis, ertymeba~; x-e-cxep-i

(lnt.) < * sxep- (fenrixi, sarjvelaZe 2000, 278). megr. rsxip- Zirisagan

iwarmoeba viwro, Semotkecili fexsacmlis Cacmis an Tavsaburavis

daxurvis aRmniSvneli sityvebi. ix. megr. morsxipua, gersxipua.

megr. (dudiSi) inoRala (ino-Ral-a) `Tavis Cayofa tanisamosSi (Cacma)~.

gamoiyofa Ral- (Ral-a) `waReba, tareba~. ZiuT iniR� dudi kabaSa `Zlivs

Cayo Tavi kabaSi (Zlivs Caicva)~. am Zirisagan iwarmoeba fexsacmlis

Cacmis aRmniSvneli sityva. ix. (kuCxiSi) inoRala.

megr. inoCvaCvafa (ino-CvaCva-fa) ùSnod Catanieba~. gamoiyofa CvaCva-

Ziri, romlic gaorkecebuli Cans (*Cva-Cva). iniCvaCvans ùSnod Caitaniebs~.

gvaqvs am Ziridan nawarmoebi inoCvanCvil-i ùSnod Cataniebuli~.

megr. (mu/��kaqunali) gatkaC�� ( ( ( (ga-tkaC��) || mu/��katkaC�� (mu/��ka-tkaC�)�)�)�)

`tansacmeli Semotkecili aqvs~. Sdr. gotkaCua (go-tkaC-ua) `gaWedva

risame~.

megr. mukalagal�� (muka-lagal�) `zomaze didi tansacmeli acvia~.

SeiZleba gamoiyos Ziri lagal- ùniaTo svla, moSvebuloba, famfali~

(qobalia 2010). gamoiyeneba fexsacmelTanac da TavsaburavTanac. ix.

malagal�� da gialagal�� .

megr. gonwerua (go-nwer-ua) `gasudrva, ZaZebiT Semosva, CaSaveba~. inweru

`SavebiT imoseba~. gamoiyofa n-wer- (n-werua) `Sesudrva~. am fuZeSi n

ganviTarebulia. Sdr. gonweril-i || nweril-i `gasudruli, ZaZebiT

Semosili, CaSavebuli~; `Sesudruli~ .

megr. mukontira (muko-ntir-a) `Semoteva, morgeba tanisamosisa~.

gamoiyofa ntir- `teva~. ix. montira (mo-ntir-a) `fexsamosis morgeba~;

gentira gentira `Tavze morgeba, zedmiw. `Semoteva~.

megr. ekarTua (e-karT-ua) `kalTis aweva, akalTva, akapiweba Sarvlis

totisa~ (Waraia 1997). gamoiyofa karT- (karT-ua) àkalTva, akecva

saxelosi~. kabas eikarTans `kabas aikalTavebs~, misgan aris nawarmoebi

ekarTel-i àkalTavebuli~. Sdr. qarT. akuarTul-i `kvarT-aweuli~.

110

paralelurad gvxvdeba (kileSi) kino/kunokarTua (kino/kuno-karT-ua)

`akapiweba saxelosi~, Sesabamisad, gvaqvs misgan nawarmoebi

kilekunokarTel-i `saxelowakapiwebuli~.

megr. ekapiwua (e-kapiw-ua) igivea, rac ekarTua – Sarvlis totis akecva

(qajaia I, 2001). gamoiyofa kapiw- Ziri. es fuZe, albaT, qarTulidan aris

Sesuli. Sdr. qarT. akapiweba (a-kapiw-eba).

megr. mukozimafa (muko-zim-afa) `Cazomeba~. –zim (zim-afa) `zmaneba~

zmnur Zirs Seicavs es fuZe. gvaqvs nawarmoebi sxva fuZeebic, romlebic

`Cacmis~ semantikur jgufSi ganixileba. ix. gezimafa, mozimafa.

megr. lafaCaT mikoquna `Silifad Cacma, msubuqad, xalvaTad

(usartylod, uiaraRod) (Waraia 1997). avtori aRniSnavs, rom ase icodnen

Zvelad Cacma.

megr. (xeSi) || kileSi) miToRala (miTo-Rala) `mklavis gayra~, zedmiw.

`xelis Setana~. nawarmoebia Rala `waReba~ zmnisagan. xes miTiRans

`mklavs gauyris~, zedmiwevniT `xeli Seaqvs~. am Zirisagan fexsacmlis

gaxdis aRmniSvneli sityvac iwarmoeba. ix. eSaRala.

megr. (xeSi) miTodvala (miTo-dv-ala) `mklavis gayra~, zedmiw. `,xelis,

mklavis Sedeba~. nawarmoebia dv- (dv-ala) `deba~ zmnisagan. kile qimTudvi

`mklavi gauyare~, zedmiw. `mklavi Sede~. am Zirisgan fexsacmlis Cacmis

aRmniSvneli sityvac iwarmoeba. ix. modvala.

megr. modvala (mo-dv-ala) `Cacma~. gamoiyofa dv- (dv-ala) `deba~ zmnuri

Ziri. martvilurSi es forma tanisamosis Cacmasac niSnavs da

fexsamosisac. mag. kabas midvans `kabas icvams~, kuCxiSa midvans `fexze

icvams~, sxva dialeqtebSi is mxolod fexze Cacmas aRniSnavs. megrulSi

Sarvlis Cacma da fexsacmlis Cacma erTi da imave sityviT gadmoicema.

mag.: megr. Salvars midvans `Sarvals Caicvams~ – Cafulas midvans

`fexsacmels Caicvams~. am mxriv gansxvavebuli viTareba aris qarTulSi,

sadac nebismieri tanisamosisa (garda mosasxmelisa) da fexsamosis Cacma

aRiniSneba erTi da imave sityviT. Sdr. qarT. kabas icvams, fexsacmels

icvams, Sarvals icvams.

megr. (xeSi || kileSi) milarRvafa (mila-rRv-afa) || ki/��larRvafa xelis.

`gayra~. is nawarmoebia rRvafa `{gada}yra~ zmnuri Zirisagan. ki/��larRvafa

111

|| mi/��larRvafa `zonris an nebismieri saxis Tasmis gayrasac~ niSnavs.

kabas kiles kulurRvans `kabaSi mklavs uyris~. ix. gaxdasTan.

megr. mukodacua (muko-dac-ua) `tanze momdgari, motkecili an Zvirfasi

tanisamosis, an saerTod, kargad Cacma~. gamoiyofa dac- (da-cua)

`zedmiwevniT kargad gakeTeba~. dasturdeba mocemuli Zirisgan nawarmoebi

mimReoba: modacil-i `kargad Cacmuli~. am Zirisgan iwarmoeba, agreTve,

fexsamosis an Tavsaburavis moxdenilad daxurvi aRmniSvneli sityvebi. ix.

megr. modacua, gedacafa.

megr. mukodrangua (muko-drang-ua) `koxtad an mdidruli tanisamosis

Cacma~. ix. modrangua.

megr. mukonwkilua (muko-nwkil-ua) `viwro ramis Cama~, `Semotmasna~.

gamoiyofa nwkil- (nwkilua) `Cakvexeba, Catena~. es zmna gamoiyeneba

fexsacmlis Cacmisa da Tavsaburavis daxurvis mniSvnelobiT. ix.

monwkilua; genwkilua.

megr. mowkantua (mo-wkant-ua) `koxtad, lamazad, sufTad Cacma~. Sdr.

wkantua `koxtad da sufTad keTeba~. mowkantili `koxtad Cacmuli~.

megr. mokvazua (mo-kvaz-ua) `koxtad Cacma, gamowyoba~. gamoiyofa kvaz-

(kvaz-ua) Ziri `kopwiad keTeba~.

megr. mu/��kobardRafa (mu/�ko-bardR-afa) `tanisamosis uSnod Cacma an

uSno tanisamosis Cacma~. muka/m��kabardR�� `uSnod acvia an uSno rame

acvia~. gamoiyofa bardR- Ziri. Sdr. bardRa || bardRala `farTxuna,

feTxumi~. mikibardRuans `uSnod Caicvams~. am fuZisgan aris nawarmoebi

obardRalaia `farTxuna~. Sesabamisad, SeiZleba es sityva iyos

ganmsazRvreli samoslis saxeobisa. mag.; obardRalaia kaba `farTxuna,

uSno kaba~; obardRalaia Sarvali `farTxuna, uSno Sarvali~;

obardRalaia qudi `farTxuna, uSno qudi~. es fuZe gvaqvs sxva

mniSvnelobiTac: minobardRafa `msubuqad moxurva, mogdeba (mxrebze)

(qobalia 2010). mocemuli Zirisagan fexze Cacmisa da Tavze daburvis

aRmniSvneli sityvebic iwarmoeba. ix. mobardRafa. gebardRafa.

megr. mu/��korWipua (mu/�korWipua) `viwro tanisamosis Zlivs Cacma,

Semotmasna~. gamoiyofa rWip- (rWip-ua) `gaWimva, gaweva~ zmnuri Ziri.

mikirWipans `viwro tanisamoss Zlivs, welavs da ise icvams~. gorWipil-i

112

kaba `viwro, Semotmasnili kaba~. gvaqvs am fuZis Semcveli aTorWipua

`viwro sacvlis amocma. aTirWipans `viwro sacvals Zlivs icvams~.

dasturdeba, agreTve, morWipua `viwro Sarvlis Cacma~, mirWipans `viwro

Sarvals Zlivs icvams~. Sesabamisad, gvaqvs gorWipil-i Sarval-i `viwro,

Semotmasnili Sarvali~. am Zirisgan iwarmoeba fexze Cacmis an Tavze

daburvis aRmniSvneli sityvebi. ix. morWipua, gerWipua.

megr. mukofiorafa (muko-fior-afa) `farTo, gaSlili, msubuqi

tansacmlis Cacma~. SeiZleba gamoiyos fior- Ziri `farfati, friali~.

megr. mukoWonWua (muko-WonW-ua) `bevri tansacmlis uSnod Cacma~.

gamoiyofa WonW- Ziri `daWonWeba, dabebkva, daWonWva~. ix. megr. geWonWua.

megr. mukofarTxafa (muko-farTx-afa) tansacmlis uSnod, feTxumiviT

Cacma. SeiZleba gamoiyos farTx- Ziri, romelic savaraudebelia, iyos

igive farTxu `feTxumi~ (qobalia 2010).

megr. mokvarTxua (mo-kvarTx-ua) `gamokvalTva, gamowkepa (qobalia 2010).

es fuZe Seicavs kvarTx- Zirs. Sdr. qarT. mokvalTul-i (mo-kvalT-ul-i) –

tanze lamazad gasworebuli, koxtad momdgari, mWidrod momdgari

(tansacmeli).

megr. mu/��koJgvarTafa (mu/�ko-JgvarT-afa) `CamogrZelebuli uSno

tansacmlis mouxdenlad Cacma~. gamoiyofa JgverT- Sdr. JgverT-i

`Solti, moqnili wneli~. mu/��koJgvarT� � � � e. i. `CamogrZelebuli, tanisamosi

acvia~.

megr. mukoqvaqvafa (muko-qvaqva-fa) `tansacmlis koxtad, lamazad Cacma~.

am sityvaSi SeiZleba gamoiyos qvaqva- , romelic semantikurad igivea, rac

`patara, moxdenili, koxta~. is SesaZloa, gaorkecebuli fuZea: *qva-qva.

mukaqvaqu `koxta tanisamosi acvia~.

megr. mowkantua (mo-wkant-ua) `koxtad Cacma, gamowyoba~. gamoiyofa

wkant- (wkant-ua) `zedmiwevniT koxtad da sufTad keTeba risame~.

mowkantil-i `koxtad Cacmuli~.

megr. muka/m��kagvangu (muka/m�ka-gvang-u) `bevri, sqeli tanisamosi acvia~.

am fuZes sawyisi ar ewarmoeba. es igive gvangva `sqeli, msxvili~ fuZe xom

ar aris?

113

megr. muka/m��kaCax-u (muka/m�ka-Cax-u) `zedmeti rom acvia, bevri da

zomaze didi~. gamoiyofa Cax-. SeiZleba Cax(v)_ Ziris Semcvelia samoslis

erT-erTi saxeoba – elaCaxvil-i kaba `alag-alag gamoberili kaba~.

megr. mukolagal-i (muko-lagal-i) `sruli, moSvebuli tanisamosis

tareba~. muka/m��kalagal� � � � (muka/m�ka-lagal�) `sruli, moSvebuli tansacmeli

acvia~. SeiZleba gamoiyos lagal- fuZe `moSvebuloba, uniaTo svla~. is

dinamikurobas ver gamoxatavs, statikuria.

megr. mu/��korwkipua (mu/�ko-rwkip-ua) `viwro tansacmlis Zlivs Cacma~.

mikirwkipans `viwro tanisamoss Zlivs icvams~. mukarwkipu || mukawkipu

`viwro tanisamosi Zlivs acvia~. gvaqvs am Ziris Semcveli aTo(r)wkipua

(aTo-(r)wkip-ua) `viwro, mokle Sarvlis an sacvlis Cacma~. aTirwkipans

`mokle, viwro Sarvals an sacvals Zlivs icvams~. ewarmoeba mimReoburi

formebi: mowkipil-i `gamowkepili, koxtad Cacmuli~ (Waraia 1997).

gorwkipil-i kaba (Sarvali, palto da sxv.). am Zirisagan fexze Cacmisa da

Tavze daburvis aRmniSvneli sityvebic iwarmoeba. ix. morwkipua,

gerwkipua. gamoiyofa r-wkip- (r-wkip-ua). m. Cuxua am sityvas ganixilavs

rogorc saerToqarTvelur fuZes. kerZod: rwkip-, rwkipua `mWidrod,

viwrod Semovleba, Cacma raimesi~, go-rwkip-il-i `gawkepili~, qarT. wkep- ||

wkip-, ga-wkep-il-i, svan. skib (z.s., lSx.,), sk��ib (bq.) `mWidro~. is aRadgens

s. qarTv. *wkep- || *wkip- `mWidro, SemWidroeba~ → qarT. wkep- || wkip-, ga-

wkep-il-i, zan. rwkip-, go-rwkip-il-i (Cuxua, leqs., gv. 204). ix. morwkipua,

gerwkipua.

megr. mukoSqvarTafa (muko-SqvarT-afa) `grZeli, mdidruli tanisamosis

moxdenilad Cacma~. gamoiyofa SqvarT-, rac SeiZleba igivea, rac

SqvarTal- `tanis lamazi rxeviT siaruli~.

megr. mukoZvaZvafa (muko-ZvaZv-afa) `mZime, sqeli, zomaze didi

tanisamosis Cacma~. iro jveSi paltos mikiZvaZuans `yovelTvis Zvel,

satareblad mZime paltos icvams~. Sdr. ZvaZv-i `tanmZime, daZonZili bewvi~.

megr. morsua (mors-ua) || mosua (mos-ua) `Semosva, dafarva~. gamoiyofa

mors- || mos- Ziri. imorsu imoseba. gvaqvs misgan nawarmoebi formebi: mors-

il-i | do-mors-il-i | go-mors-il-i `Semosili", `dafaruli": domorsili

ciraq qawudirTH woxole `Semosili (kargad Cacmuli) gogo daudga win~,

114

gadataniTi mniSvnelobiT: domorsili kinoxe kunTxusu `moRuSuli (war-

bSekruli) zis kuTxeSi~. ako-mors-il-i `daburuli~: akomorsilie qiana

`qveyana daburulia (zedmiwevniT `yvelaferi erTpiradaa qceuli", `damxo-

bili~; eSa-mors-il-i (a)morTuli : Wkudi eSamorsilie. `sasaxle (a)morTu-

lia~. es Ziri Cacmis mniSvnelobiT gamovlenilia lazurSic. erT-erT

mTqmelTan davadastureT aseTi forma: mosvei-moqite& `Cacmul-Semosili~.

mosvei-moqite& guitu `Cacmul-mokazmuli dadioda~. gamoiyofa mos-(v) Ziri

`mosva, mocva~: pati SuiTen mosve& `cudi ganzraxvis, bneli sulis

adamiani~.

qarTulSi mos- dasturdeba uZveles werilobiT ZeglebSi. samecniero

literaturaSi qarT. mos- (mos-av-s, Se-i-mos-a) dakavSirebulia svan. msE-

ZirTan (li-msE-i `dafarva", `Semosva"; i-ms-i `imoseba"; ms-an `Seimosa"),

romelic <*mos- Zirisagan (fenrixi, sarjvelaZe 2000, 334). svanurSive das-

turdeba, agreTve, zmnuri forma: a-mos-i `SiSvels mosavs, acmevs". am

fuZeebis Sesatyvisi unda iyos megr. laz. mors- || mos- `Semosva, dafarva~.

megrul mors- ZirSi r- fonetikuri danarTi unda iyos (*mos-) zanurSi,

gansakuTrebiT megrulSi, xSiria r-s ganviTarebis SemTxvevebi spirante-

bis win. mag.: qorsa (← qosa), firsa (← fisi). spirantebis win r-s ganvi-

Tarebis TiTo-orola magaliTi lazurSic dasturdeba. mag. ses-i | sers-i

`xma", korRon-i `koRo". samecniero literaturidan cnobilia, rom ganvi-

Tarebuli r- Ria marcvals xuravs (danelia 1980, 176). albaT, am foneti-

kuri movlenis gamo gvaqvs megr. mors- | mos- (mors-ua | mos-ua), xolo

laz. mos- (vei).

samecniero literaturaSi arsebobs mosazreba qarT. mos- Ziris iranu-

li warmomavlobis Sesaxeb (andronikaSvili 1966, 258).

vinaidan, qarT. mos- zmnuri fuZe dasturdeba uZveles qarTul teqsteb-

Si da moepoveba Sesatyvisi svanurSi, megrulsa da lazurSi, ver gavizia-

rebT m. andronikaSvilis mosazrebas misi iranulidan nasesxobis Sesaxeb,

miT umetes iranulSi gviandeli fonetikuri variantia.

megr. moleba (mo-l-eba) `morgeba~. zedmiw. `mouva~. baRanas palto

vamale `bavSvs palto ar moergeba~. mocemul fuZeSi gamoiyofa l- Ziri,

115

romelsac megr. ula `svla~ zmnis Semcvelia. ix. megr. moleba

fexsacmelTan.

megr. mukatat�� || m��katat� � � � `Txeli, sxeuls zed rom edeba, iseTi rame

acvia~. gamoiyofa tat- Ziri. Sdr. getatafa òdnav Sexeba~. gvaqvs misgan

nawarmoebi aTotatafa (aTo-tat-afa) sacvlis amocma~. am Zirisgan fexze

Cacmisa da Tavze daburvis aRmniSvneli sityvebic iwarmoeba. ix. megr.

motatafa, getatafa. SesaZloa, imave Zirs Seicavs megr. matatia èrTgvari

Custi, uquslo, e. i. fexis Sesayofi~.

megr. mu/m��konZgilua (mu/m�ko-nZgil-ua) `Cacma (gaWirvebiT)~. gamoiyofa

nZgil- (nZgilafa || nZgilafi || nZgvilafi) `CiCqna~ zmnuri Ziri.

mikinZgilans `viwro tansacmels Zlivs icvams~, m��kanZgil�� `Zlivs acvia

(viwroa)~. am Zirisgan zmniswinebis meSveobiT iwarmoeba fexze Cacmisa da

Tavze daburvis aRmniSvneli sityvebi. ix. megr. monZgilua, genZgilua.

megr. mukogujua (muko-guj-ua) `bevris Cacma~. gamoiyofa guj- Ziri. Sdr.

gujua (guj-ua) àmovseba (riTime naxvretisa), Ca-tena, Cxera~ (qajaia II,

2002).

megr. mukonwilua (muko-nwil-ua) `viwro tansacmlis Cacma~. gamoiyofa

nawarmoebia nwil- (nwil-ua) `magrad CaWera~. mikinwilans viwro

tanisamoss icvams. amave mniSvnelobiT gvxvdeba gonwilua (gon-wil-ua.). am

Zirisgan iwarmoeba fexze Cacmisa da Tavze daburvis aRmniSvneli

sityvebi. ix. megr. monwilua, genwilua.

megr. mukoforafa (muko-for-afa) || m��koforafa (m�ko-for-afa) mofareba

(tanze) (qobalia 2010). mikiforans ìcvams (ifaravs tans, mTavaria, Caicvas,

Semosili iyos da ara aqvs mniSvneloba, ras Caicvams). mudgias

mikifobranq `nebismier rames Cavicvam~, e. i. tanisamosi ar aris misTvis

mTavari.

megr. mukofayvafa (muko-fayv-afa) `fafuki ramis Cacma~. es zmna ufro

statikurobas gamoxatavs, mag., mukafayu `fafuki, bewviani rame acvia~;

ginafayu `fafuki rame aqvs mogdebuli~. gamoiyofa fayv- Ziri (fayv-in-i ||

fa�v-in-i || fa�-ua) `mCated (fayved) gdeba, jdoma, vardna~ (qajaia II, 2002).

am Zirisgan iwarmoeba fafuki fexsamosis an fafuki Tavsaburavis

daburvis aRmniSvneli sityvebi. ix. giofayu, mafayu.

116

megr. mukoCvanCua (muko-CvanC-ua) `bevris uSnod Cacma~. mikiCvanCans

`bevrs, uSnod icvams~.

megr. mukoyvayvafa (muko-yvayva-fa) || m��koyvayvafa (mum�ko-yvayva-fa) `Cacma

(bewviani ramisa)~. bewviSi palto m�kayvayu `bewvis palto acvia~.

gamoiyofa yvayv- (yvayv-afi) `rblad, didi fantelebiT Tova, burtylis

cvena~ (qobalia 2010). misgan mimReobac iwarmoeba: doyvayvil-i `rbili,

Tbili, bewviani ramiT Semosili~. am Zirisgan fexze Cacmisa da Tavze

daburvis aRmniSvneli sityvebic iwarmoeba.

megr. gonwerua (go-nwer-ua) `gasudrva, ZaZebiT Semosva, CaSaveba~.

(qobalia 2010). gonweril-i `gasudruli, ZaZebiT Semosili, CaSavebuli~

(qobalia 2010). es sityva wyevlis erTgvari formulac aris: gonwerili

sqani dudi! `gamwarde Sen!~.

megr. mokvanwua (mo-kvanw-ua) `gamowyoba, koxtad Cacma~. gamoiyofa kvanw-

(kvanw-ua) Ziri `lamazad, koxtad gakeTeba saqmisa~. mikvanw� � � � `kargad

gamoewyo, koxtad Caicva~. mokvanwil-i `morTuli (tanisamosiT an

samkaulebiT), mokazmuli~.

megr. monwyuala (mo-nwyu-ala) `morTva, mowyoba (tanisamosiTac da

samkaulebiTac)~. gagminwyu `Caicva, gaemzada~. nawarmoebia nwyu- (nwyu-ala)

`wyoba, wesrigSi moyvana~ zmnisagan. monwyil-i || monwyiir-i `morTuli,

mowyobili~ (qajaia II, 2002).

megr. moRirzua (mo-Rirz-ua) `motmasna, ugvanod SemokvalTva

(Sarvlisa)~ munaRirza `motmasnili (Sarvali)~ (qobalia 2010).

megr. mukocikua (muko-cik-ua) `mokle tanisamosis Cacma~. gamoiyofa cik-

(cik-ua) `soba~. mikicikans `mokle tanisamoss icvams, ar ergeba,~.

Sinaarsidan gamomdinare, SeiZleba gvqondes kabis amgvari saxe: mocikil-i

kaba `Zalian mokle kaba (Seusabamo)~. cikua fuZisagan iwarmoeba fexze

Cacmisa da Tavze daburvis aRmniSvneli sityvebi. ix. megr. mocikua,

gecikua.

megr. mukoZgibua (muko-Zgib-ua) `viwro tansacmlis Cacma~. gamoiyofa –

Zgib- (Zgibua) zmnuri Ziri `amovseba, datena, dacoba~. mikiZgibans `viwro

tansacmels icvams. Sdr. qarT. Zgib- (Zgib-va) `Wimva~. am Zirisgan iwarmoeba

117

fexze Cacmisa da Tavze daburvis aRmniSvneli sityvebi. ix. megr. moZgibua,

geZgibua.

megr. mofirfiSua (mo-firfiS-ua) `lamazad, koxtad an furfuSebiani

tanisamosis Cacma~. Sdr. firfiS-i. igivea, rac qarT. furfuSeb-i

`naoWasxmuli naWrebi, tansacmelze Tu sxva rameze mosarTavad

dakerebuli~. mifirfiSu `lamazad, koxtad Caicva~. mofirfiSel-i

`lamazad gamowyobili an furfuSebiani tanisamosiT Semosili~.

megr. moCistua (mo-Cist-ua) `koxtad, sufTad Cacma, gamowyoba~.

gamoiyofa Cist- Ziri. Sdr. rus. чисто `sufTad, wmindad, faqizad~.

moCistele `koxtad, sufTad Cacmula~. misgan nawarmoebi moCistil-i

`kargad Cacmuli~.

megr. m��kaCax-u `zedmeti rom acvia, bevri da zomaze didi~. am zmnas ar

ewarmoeba sawyisi, gamoxatavs mxolod statikurobas.

megr. surdua `Savad Semosva~. gisurdu `Savad Seimosa, Seisudra~.

ewarmoeba mimReobac: surdil-i `SaviT Semosili, Sesudruli~. Sdr. qarT.

Sesudvra.

megr. SxvarTua (SxvarT-ua) `tansacmlis moxdenilad (lamazad) tareba~

(yifSiZe 1994). Sdr. oSxvarTalaia es SeiZleba nasaxelari zmna iyos,

nawarmoebi SxvarT-i || SxverT-i || SxverT-i `swori, moqnili, kargad

moyvanili da grZeli~ saxelisagan. mukaSxvarT `grZeli, moxdenili

tanisamosi acvia~.

megr. mukofarTxalafa (muko-farTxal-afa) `tanisamosis uSnod Cacma~.

gamoiyofa farTxal- Ziri, Sdr. megr. farTxal-i `farTxali, farTxuni~,

farTxala `farTxuna~. Sdr. qarT. feTxum-i `uwesrigo, usufTao~.

mukafarTxal `farTxuna tansacmeli acvia; uSnod acvia~. Sesabamisad,

gvaqvs saxeoba samoslisa: ofarTxalaia kaba `farTxuna, uSno kaba~.

megr. mukoZikua (muko-Zik-ua) || m��koZikua (m�ko-Zik-ua) `viwro, mokle

ramis Cacma~. mukaZik�� `viwro, mokle ram acvia~. aToZikua (aTo-Zik-ua)

`viwro ramis amocma~. aTaZik� `viwro rame acvia~. gamoiyofa Zik- Ziri,

Zikua (Zik-ua) `gatena, gavseba~. Sdr. qiziy. Zek- (gamo-Zek-va) `gavseba,

gamotena (tomris, gudasi da misT.)~, gamoZekil-i (gamo-Zek-il-i) `rac

gamoZekes~ (qegli II, 2010). es Ziri dasturdeba qarTlurSic: Zek-, gaZekil-

118

i (ga-Zek-il-i), CaZekil-i (Ca-Zek-il-i) `Zalian gavsebuli, gatenili~. megr.

Zik- Zirisagan iwarmoeba fexsacmlis Cacmisa da Tavsaburavis daburvis

aRmniSvneli saxelebic. ix. megr. moZikua, geZikua.

megr. mukafaJval� � � � (muka-faJval�) || m��kafaJval�� (mukafaJval�) `xalvaTad,

uSnod acvia~. gamoiyofa faJv- Ziri. Sdr. megr. faJua `moSveba, gawelva,

CafarTxuneba~, gofaJval-i sixalvaTe (samosisa tanze)~ (qobalia 2010).

megr. moCarxua (mo-Carx-ua) `kargad Cacma-daxurva, Calxad Cacma (fexze),

SemarTva~ (qobalia 2010). gamoiyofa Ziri Carx-. gvaqvs aqedan nawarmoebi

moCarxil-i `kargad Cacmul-daxuruli, Calxad Cacmuli fexze,

gamojgimuli~. moCarxele `kargad, kargi tanisamosiT gamowyobila,

gamojgimula~. ix megr. moCarxafa.

megr. qunCua (qunC-ua) `Sexveva, Seburva, qunCiT daTbuneba~. dudi axali

nabona gafu do mangaras giiqunCi! `Tavi axali dabanili gaqvs da magrad

Seixvie!~ (qajaia III, 2002). doqunCili re `Seburvilia, bevri ram aqvs

tanze Semoxveuli~.

lazuri

Llaz. gekarTu || gekarTafa `dakapiweba, gamowyoba, galamazeba~. Sdr.

gekarTeri `saxelodakapiwebuli~ (Tandilava 2013).

laz. goTvalu || goTumu || goTumalu `Semoxveva, Semofarva~ (Tandilava

2013). metaqsiSi goTvalu, xolo �iraje CarSavi ÁuWofaTen àbreSumis

Semosaxvevi, kidev firalis pirbade unda uyidoT (Ciqobava 1936, 64). Sdr.

goTumalafa ìrgvliv mofareba~.

laz. gokiru || golakiru || golakoru || golakiafa `Sexveva, Semoxveva~

(Tandilava 2013). ar muTxani qagepwki do qogovikii èrTi raRac

Camovxseni da Sevixvie~ (kartozia 1972, 124). Sdr. laz. golakiale

`Semosakravi, Semosaxvevi~.

laz. gonZiqu àkalTaveba, wakapiweba~. Sdr. gonZiqeri àkalTavebuli~

(Tandilava 2013).

laz. gorCu `Semofarva, Semoxveva~ (Tandilava 2013).

laz. gowakoru || gowakiru `wakvra (winsafris)~. bozofe kuCxe teteli,

Tis ar Áazma melakorer do ar fota gowakorer dulÁaSa ulunan

119

`gogoebi fexSiSvelni, Tavze erT TavsafarSemoxveul da erT

winsafarwakruli midian~ (lazuris fondi).

laz. dolodrawu `mitmasnva tansacmlis da CaRmavebis gaCena~ (uzunha-

sanoRlu, bujakliSi, aleqsiva 2007).

laz. doloqunu `Cacma (tanze)~ (Tandilava 2013), romelic

`Casacmelsac~ niSnavs. man doloiquna `vicvam (tanze)~. eSo doloquns,

muTu var aZiren ìse acvia, rom araferi ar uCans~ (Cveni masala) ||

doloqunafa `Cacma~ (Tandilava 2013). WumaniSi qagopkucxi do qeiseli,

qodoloiquni �orkafe `dilas gaviRviZe da avdeqi, Cavicvi tanisamosi

(kabebi) (asaTiani 1974, 53). Sdr. doloquner-i `Cacmuli~. ix. megr. doqunua.

laz. elanZiqu àkalTaveba~. Sdr. laz. elanZiqeri àkalTavebuli~.

(Tandilava 2013).

laz. TaTmaniSi modvalu `xelTaTmanis gakeTeba~ (Cveni masala).

laz. mezimu `mozmaneba~. man meizimuf `vizomeb~. ix. megr. mezimafa

`mozomeba,~ `mozmaneba~ (o. qajaia II, 2002).

laz. molanZiqu || elanZiqu àkecva (grZelis samosis an xelis)~. man

SarvaÁ elanZiqeÁ miRun `me Sarvali akecili maqvs~. Sdr. elanZiqe&&&&

àkecili~ (Cveni masala).

laz. moqTiu `gamocvla~. ma viqtaf `vicvli~ (Cveni masala).

laz. mowifxu, mowyvinu `morTva, gamowyoba~ (Cveni masala).

2) Tavsaburavis daxurva

megruli

megr. burua (bur-ua) `daburva, dafareba~ (Waraia 1997). gamoiyofa bur-

Ziri: buruns ìburavs, ifarebs~. misgan aris nawarmoebi Tavsaburavis

aRmniSvneli zogadi saxeli obural-i (o-bur-al-i) `dasaburavi~. is

warmoebiT mimReobaa, daniSnulebas gamoxatavs. Sdr. qarT. bur- (burva)

`zeidam dafareba~ (saba).

megr. gerTumala (ge-rT-um-ala) || geTumala (ge-Tum-ala) `daxurva,

daburva (Tavisa)~. gamoiyofa daxurvis, daburvis aRmniSvneli rT- Ziri.

girTvans ìxuravs~. am Ziris Semcveli sityva gvaqvs lazurSi. Sdr. laz.

120

moTvalu || moTumu. megr. rT- Ziridan aris nawarmoebi Tavsaburavis

aRmniSvneli zogadi terminebi. ix. giorTumalar-i.

megr. gebardRafa (ge-bardR-afa) `uSno Tavsaburavis an Tavsaburavis

uSnod dafareba~. giobardR� � � � `uSnod an uSno rame axuravs, afaria~. am

Zirisgan tanisamosisa da fexsacmlis Cacmis Cacmis aRmniSvneli

sityvebic iwarmoeba. ix. mukobardRafa, mobardRafa.

megr. gebartyafa (ge-barty-afa) `rbili, fafuki Tavsaburavis daxurva,

dafareba~. gamoiyofa barty- zmnuri Ziri. Sdr. bartyua `bertyva, ferTxva,

rbilad gartyma; daabartyu `rbilad daeca~; birtya `brtyeli~. qudi

giobarty `rbili fafuki qudi axuravs~.

megr. gebiZgafa (ge-biZg-afa) `viwro Tavsaburavis daxurva~. giobiZg

(gio-biZg) `viwro Tavsaburavi axuravs~. am Ziris Semcveli sityva gvaqvs

fexsacmlisa da tansacmlis Cacmis aRsaniSnavadac.

megr. gedacafa (ge-dac-afa) `moxdenilad an swrafad qudis daxurva~.

qigidacans qudis `moxdenilad daixuravs quds~. gamoiyofa dac- Ziri.

misgan iwarmoeba tanisamosisa da fexsamosis Cacmis aRmniSvneli sityvebi.

ix. megr. mukodacua, modacua.

megr. gezimafa `Tavsaburavis dazomeba~. dudiSa gizimuans `Tavze

moizomebs~.

megr. gekvakvafa (ge-kvakva-fa) `koxtad an koxta, patara Tavsaburavis

daburva~. gikvakuans `koxta Tavsaburavs, an koxta Tavsaburavs koxtad

iburavs~. gamoiyofa kvakva- Ziri, romelic gaorkecebulia. Sdr. megr.

kvakva `koxta, lamazi~ (qobalia 2010).

megr. gentira (ge-ntir-a) `Tavze morgeba, metwilad qudisa~, zedmiw.

`dateva~. gamoiyofa ntir- (ntir-a) `dateva~ zmnuri Ziri. dusu qudi

giantire `Tavze qudi eteva~. am Zirisgan nawarmoebi sityvebi gvaqvs

tanisamosisa da fexsamosis Cacmis mniSvnelobiTac. ix. megr. mukontira,

montira.

megr. genwilua (ge-nwil-ua) `viwro qudis daxurva~. gionwil�. `viwro

qudi axuravs~. amosavali aris nwil- (nwil-ua) `magrad Cawera~. am

Zirisgan tansacmlisa da fexsacmlis Cacmis aRmniSvneli sityvebic

iwarmoeba. ix. megr. mukonwilua, monwilua.

121

megr. gerWipua (ge-rWip-ua) `viwro qudis daxurva~. gamoiyofa rWip- Ziri.

rWipua (rWip-ua) `gaWimva, gaweva~. girWipans `viwro quds ixuravs~. am

Zirisgan iwarmoeba tanisamosisa da fexsamosis CaCmis aRmniSvneli

sityvebi. ix. meg. mukorWipua, morWipua.

megr. gefaxvafa (ge-faxv-afa) `msubuqi an fumfula qudis daxurva an

Tavsafris dafareba~. gamoiyofa faxv- zmnuri Ziri. Sdr. megr. faxv-

`msubuqi ramis an vinmes davardna, dacema~ (qobalia 2010), giofaxu

`msubuqi, fumfula Tavsaburavi axuravs~.

megr. gefayvafa (ge-fayv-afa) `msubuqi, bewviani Tavsaburavis, ufro

metad qudis daxurva~. fayv- aris zmnuri Ziri. Sdr. fayvin-i (fayv-in-i) ||

fa��vin-i (fa�v-in-i) || fa��ua (fa-�ua) `mCated (fayved) gdeba, jdoma, vardna~

(qajaia I, 2001). giofayu `msubuqi, bewviani Tavsaburavi axuravs (mCated)~.

Sdr. imer. fayve `zomaze didi tanisamosi~ (Wyonia 1910). megr. fayv-

sityvis istoriisTvis ix. megr. fayu.

megr. geforafa (ge-for-afa) `dafareba~. gamoiyofa for- (for-ua) zmuri

Ziri, romlisganac aris nawarmoebi awoforafa (awo-for-afa) Camofareba

(Tavsafrisa), Camofxatva (qudisa), ix. awoforafa tansacmelTan

`winsafris wakvra~.

megr. getatafa (ge-tata-fa) `Txeli, msubuqi Tavsaburavis daxurva~.

qudi giotat�� `Txeli qudi axuravs~. gamoiyofa tat- (tat-afa) zmnuri

Ziri. misgan nawarmoebi sityvebi gvaqvs tansacmlisa da fexsacmlis

Cacmis semantikur jgufSi. ix. megr. mukotatafa, motatafa.

megr. gialagal�� `zomaze didi qudi axuravs ise, rom qudi Tavis

garSemo moZraobs.~

megr giToyvayvafa (giTo-yvayva-fa) `yelze bewviani ramis (Tavsafris an

kaSnes Semoxveva)~. giTayvayu `yelze bewviani mosaxvevi aqvs moxveuli.

gamoiyofa yvayv- Ziri. misgan nawarmoebi sityvebi gvaqvs tanisamosisa da

fexsamosis Cacmis aRmniSvnel Tematur jgufSi. ix. megr. mukoyvayvafa,

moyvayvafa.

megr. genwkilua `viwro Tavsaburavis, kerZod, qudis daxurva~.

122

megr. gefaxvin-i (ge-faxv-in-i) `qudis (srulad) daxurva~. igivea, rac

gefa�vini `didi ramis fuyed deba~ (qajaia I, 2001). qudi giofaxu dus

`qudi (srulad) axuravs Tavze~.

megr. getatafa (ge-tata-fa) `Txeli, msubuqi Tavsaburavis daxurva~.

qudi giotat�� `Txeli qudi axuravs~. gamoiyofa tat- (tat-afa) zmnuri

Ziri. misgan nawarmoebi sityvebi gvaqvs tansacmlisa da fexsacmlis

Cacmis semantikur jgufSi. ix. megr. mukotatafa, motatafa.

megr. giTodvala (giTo-dval-a) || g��Todvala (g�To-dval-a) `yelze

kaSnes an sxva ramis Semovleba (Semodeba)~. giTidvans `yelze kaSnes an

sxva rames Semoidebs~. nawarmoebia dval- (dval-a) `deba~ zmnuri

Zirisagan. misgan aris nawarmoebi yelze Semosaxvevis zogadi

saxelwodeba – guTadvalar-i (guTa-dval-ar-i) || giTadvalar-i (giTa-dval-

ar-i) `Semosadebi (mosaxvevi)~, romelic warmoebiT mimReobaa,

daniSnulebas gamoxatavs. statikurobis gadmosacemad mas sxva fuZe

enacvleba. kerZod, (kisers) guToZ� � � � || g��ToZ� � � � || g��TaZ� � � � `yelze aqvs

Semovlebuli, Semodebuli~.

megr. guToskuala (guTo-sku-ala) || guTosquala (guTo-squ-ala) `yelze

Semoxveva, Sekvra~. gamoiyofa squ- || sku- Ziri, `Sekvras niSnavs~.

giTiskuans `yelze Semoixvevs.~

megr. kir- `Sekvra~ zmnis Zirisagan iwarmoeba sxvadasxva Sinaarsis

fuZeebi: giTokirua (giTo-kir-ua) || g��Tokirua (g�To-kir-ua) `yelze

Semoxveva~. giTakir�� || g��Takir�� `yelze Semoxveuli aqvs~; gokirua (go-kir-

ua) `Tavis Sekvra, Sexveva, yabalaxis Semoxveva~: qigikir� � � � baSlayu

`Semoixvia yabalaxi~; (dudiS) kinokirua (kinokirua) || k��nokirua

(k�nokirua) `wakvra~. kinikirans `waikravs~. mocemuli zmna gadataniTi

mniSvnelobiT gvxvdeba SesityvebaSi: ��vaSi kinokirua `damwuxreba,

mgloviaroba~, zedmiw. Sublze wakvra~. es erTgvari eTnografiuli wesia,

romlis arsi aseTia: glovis niSnad kacebic da qalebic Tav-Subls Savi

samkuTxa TavsafriT ikraven (qobalia 2010).

megr. ge��oTama (ge-�oT-ama) `swrafad daxurva Tavsaburavisa~, zedmiw.

`Tavze saburavis dagdeba~. gamoiyofa ��oT- (�oT-ama) Ziri. `dagdeba~. am

123

Zirisgan iwarmoeba tanisamosisa da fexsamosis Cacmis aRmniSvneli

sityvebi. ix. megr. mo�oTama, muko�oTama.

megr. goxvaxua (go-xvax-ua) `gaxveva, gaburva; mravalfad SefuTva,

Seburva (Tavisa). gixvaxvan-s `mravalfad, an Tbili TavsafriT SeifuTavs,

Seiburavs Tavs~. gamoiyofa xvax- zmnuri Ziri. am Sinaarsis mixedviT

Tavsafari SeiZleba iyos gaxvaxvali.

megr. gokarkatua (go-karkat-ua) `Semoxveva (Tavsaburavisa,

TavSesakravisa)~. gamoiyofa karkat- Ziri. dudiSa baSlayus qigikarkatans

`Tavze yabalaxs Semoixvevs~.

megr. mocikafa (mo-cik-afa) `cilindriviT an uSno qudis daxurva,

wamocma Tavze~. gamoiyofa cik- (mo-cik-ua) Ziri `wamocma~ (tarze). qudi

giocik�� qudi axuravs~.

lazuri

laz. goTvalu `dafareba~. Sdr. goTvalei `dafarebuli~. ar oxoiSa

qomoxTu fosti goTvalei do xezmeqÁaÁ qemzdiT!-Áa `erT saxlSi movida

tyavdafarebuli da mosamsaxured amiyvaneT!-o~ (asaTiani 1974, 102).

laz. gokiru || gokiu `Semokvra, Semoxveva~. kapulas falTo, Tis

baSluRi gikirtu’Wkule hemdi xolo yiniTen TirTintu `zurgze palto,

Tavze baSlayi hqonda Semokruli hemdis da mainc siciviT kankalebda~

(Ciqobobava 1929, 28). asaTianTan gvaqvs: elo(<ela-o)-kor-u-n {Se{Se{Se{Se}moxveuli

aqvs (garedan, garSemo...). Sdr. melakorer-i `Sexveuli~ (mela-kor-er-i):

Tis-Ti uCa &azma melakorer gulunan `Tavze SavTavsafarSemoxveulebi

dadian~ (diumezili 2009, 128). yalis kasinka gokirs `yelze kasinka aqvs

Semoxveuli~ (Cveni masala).

laz. golakiu || Tis golakiu `wakvra~ (Cveni masala).

laz. gÁeTvala || gÁeTvalafa `dafareba, daxurva~. Sdr. gÁeTvaleri

`daxuruli~. Jur patanie gÁeTvaleri janutu `ori sabangadaxuruli iwva~

(Tandilava 2013).

laz. eTvafa `daxureba~ (Tandilava 2013).

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laz. elakiru `Semoxveva~. Sdr. elakirer-i, elakirel-i `Semoxveuli~.

Áazma elakireli muntu qÁoiSa `TavsafarSemoxveuli modioda sofelSi~

(lazuris fondi).

laz. melakoru || milakoru ||milakorafa `Sexveva, gaxveva~. bozofe

kuCxe teteli, Tis ar Áazma melakorer do ar fota gowakorer dulÁaSa

ulunan `gogoebi fexSiSvelni, Tavze erT TavsafarSemoxveuli da erT

winsafarwakruli midian~ (lazuris fondi).

laz. meJakiu `wakvra~ || Ti meJakiu `Tavze wakvra~. Ti meJakieri giRu

`Tavi wakruli gaqvs~ (Cveni masala).

laz. moTumu `daxurva~. man moiTumer mandilis `mandils vixurav~.

papaxiSi moTumu `qudis daxurva~. Sdr. laz. moTumer-i || moTvale-Á

`daxuruli~ (Cveni masala). bozofe metaqsiSi фota Tiz moTфaler...

gulunan `gogoebi abreSumis Tavsafardafarebulebi dadian~ (diumezili

2009, 13).

laz. ontkobinu (o-{n{n{n{n}tkob-in-u) `damalva, Cadris dafareba~. ma va

gofTa-&a awia-a? amus otkobinu unonia, otkobinu ― Cadri na giTumelan

`me awi ar gaviaroo? amas damalva undao, damalva – Cadrs rom ifareben~

(Ciqobava 1929, 37).

3) fexsamosis Cacma

megruli

fexsamosis Cacmis semantikur jgufSi aRwerili da gaanalizebulia

fexsacmlis an windis Cacmis aRniSvneli sityvebi semantikurad da

struqturulad. gaTvaliswinebulia fexsamosis Cacmis niuansebi –

zogadad, Cacma, morgeba, Cazomeba, moxdeniloba. Cacmis manera

damokidebuli aris fexsamosis formaze, xarisxze. am TvalsazrisiT, am

jgufSi Semavali saxelebi metad sainteresoa.

megr. malagal�� `zomaze didi fexsacmeli acvia ise, rom fexsacmeli

moZraobs SigniT~

125

megr. mobaxvafa (mo-baxv-afa) `formiT, an zomiT, an braxuna fexsacmeli

acvia~. gamoiyofa bax- Ziri. mabax-u `didi fexsacmeli acvia~. Sdr.

oboxua èrTgvari fexsacmeli~.

megr. monkalua (mo-nkal-ua) `viwro fexsacmlis Cacma, gakvexeba fexisa~.

gamoiyofa nkal- (nkal-ua) `Setenva, gakvexeba~. minkalan-s `viwro

fexsacmels Zlivs icvams~.

megr. monwkilua (mo-nwkil-ua) `viwro fexsacmlis Cacma~ (Cveni masala).

megr. moCvarTafa (mo-CvarT-afa) ùSno fexsacmlis, an fexsacmlis

uSnod Cacma. miCvarTuan-s ùSno fexsacmels, an fexsacmels uSnod

icvams~. gamioyofa CvarT- Ziri. Sdr. megr. CvarTa `fexmrudi, mrude

terfis mqone~ (qajaia III, 2002). CvarT- Zirisagan iwarmoeba mimReoba

moCvarTil-i ùSnod Cacmuli~. dasturdeba mocemuli fuZisgan nawarmoebi

fexsacmlis saxeobis aRmniSvneli sityva: oCvarTaia Cafula ùSno

fexsacmeli~.

megr. moyvayvafa (moyvayvafa) `bewviani, Tbili fexsacmlis an windis

Cacma~. gamoiyofa yvayva- Ziri. mayvay-u `bewviani, Tbili fexsacmeli an

winda acvia~. mayvay-u `Tbili, bewviani fexsacmeli an winda acvia. am

Ziris Semcveli sityvebi gamovlenilia tanisamosis Cacmis an

Tavsaburavis daburvis aRsaniSnavad. ix. megr. mukoyvayvafa, geyvayvafa.

megr. modrangua (mo-drang-ua) `kargi fexsacmlis, moxdenilad,

morgebulad Cacma~. gamoiyofa drang- Ziri. midrangan-s `karg fexsacmels

moxdenilad icvams~. am Zirisgan aris nawarmoebi tanisamosis Cacmis

aRmniSvneli sityva. ix. megr. mukodringua.

megr. moCarxafa (mo-Carx-afa) `Calxad Cacma, zomaze didi fexsacmlis

Cacma~ (qobalia 2010). gamoiyofa Carx- zmnuri Ziri. miCarxuan-s `zomaze

did fexsacmels Calxad Caicvams~. am Zirisgan iwarmoeba tanisamosis

Cacmis aRmniSvneli sityva. ix. megr. moCarxua.

megr. moCarTafa `zomaze didi, an uSno fexsacmlis, an uSnod,

mouxdenladDCacma~. gamoiyofa CarT- Ziri. miCarTuan-s `zomaze didi, uSno

fexsacmels an uSnod, mouxdenlad icvams~.

megr. modacua (mo-dac-ua) `kargi fexsacmlis, an moxdenilad Cacma~.

gamoiyofa dac- Ziri. qimidacan-s `karg fexsacmels an moxdenilad

126

Caicvams~. am Zirisgan iwarmoeba tanisamosisa da Tavsaburavis daxurvis

RmniSvneli sityvebi. ix. megr. mukodacua, gedacafa.

megr. motatafa (mo-tat-afa) `Custis Cacma, fexis wayofa~. mitatuan-s

`Custs Caicvams, wayofs fexs~. gamoiyofa tat- Ziri. migan iwarmoeba

tanisamosis Cacmisa da Tavsaburavis daxurvis aRmniSvneli sityvebi. ix.

megr. mukotatafa, getatafa.

megr. moZikua (mo-Zik-ua) `viwro fexsacmlis mouxdenlad Cacma~.

gamoiyofa Zik- Ziri. Sdr. megr. Zikua (Zik-ua) `gatena, gavseba~. miZikan-s

`viwro fexsacmels uSnod Caicvams~. am Zirisgan iwarmoeba tanisamosis

Cacmis aRmniSvneli sityva. ix. megr. mukoZikua.

megr. mobiZgua (mo-biZg-ua) `viwro fexsacmlis Cacma~. gamoiyofa biZg-

Ziri. mibiZgan-s `viwro fexsacmels icvams~. mabiZg�� `Zlivs acvia viwro

fexsacmeli~. am Zirisgan iwarmoeba tanisamosis Cacmisa da Tavze

daburvis aRmniSvneli sityvebi. ix. megr. mukobiZgua, gebiZgua.

megr. monwilua (mo-nwil-ua) `viwro fexsacmlis Cacma~. gamoiyofa nwil-

Ziri. minwilan-s `viwro fexsacmels Zlivs icvams.~ am Zirisgan iwarmoeba

tanisamosis Cacmisa da Tavsaburavis daburvis aRmniSvneli sityvebi. ix.

mukonwilua, genwilua.

megr. moleba (mo-l-eba) `moxdoma, morgeba~. gamoiyofa l- Ziri. male (ma-

l-e) mouxdeba, moergeba~, zedmiw. `mouva~. am Ziris Sesaxeb ix. tanisamosis

Cacmis jgufSi megr. moleba.

megr. kuCxiSi inoRala `Cacma, fexis Seyofa~ zedmiw. `fexis Setana~.

kuCxis iniRans ìcvams~, zedmiw. `fexi Seaqvs (fexsacmelSi)~.

megr. kuCxiSi inodg��ma `Cacma~, zedmiw. `fexis Cadgma~. kuCxis inodg�ns

ìcvams, fexs yofs~, zedmiw. `fexs dgams (fexsacmelSi)~.

megr. kuCxiSi inokasua `viwro fexsacmlis ZaldatanebiT Cacma~, zedmiw.

`fexis Catena~. kuCxis inakasans `viwro fexsacmels ZaldatanebiT icvams~,

zedmiw. `fexs tenis~.

megr. kuCxiSi dinoCanafa || inoCanafa `fexsacmelSi fexis Cayofa~.

kuCxis dinaCanuans `fexi aqvs Cayofili~. Sdr. megr. dinoCanafa `Cayofa~:

aTaq kuCxi qidnaCane àq fexi Cayavi~ (qajaia II, 2002).

127

megr. mobawkafa (mo-bawk-afa) `koxtad morgeba fexsacmlisa; mobakuneba~.

mabawk�� àxali kargi fexsacmeli acvia~. gamoiyofa bawk- Ziri. Sdr.

bawkafi `baki-buki, WraWuni fexsacmlisa~. Sdr. obawkaia `koxta, WraWuna,

bakuna (fexsacmeli)~ (qobalia 2010).

megr. modvala (mo-dval-a) `Cacma fexsacmlisa an windisa~. martvilurSi

modvala tansacmlis Cacmis mniSvnelobiTac ixmareba. gamoiyofa dv- (dva-

la) Ziri `deba~. sainteresoa fexacmlis an windis waRma an ukuRma Cacmis

aRmniSvneli sityvebi: morZgviSe modvala `waRma Cacma~, kvarCxiSe

modvala ùkuRma Cacma~. dv- Zirisgan aris nawarmoebi madvalar-i

`fexsacmeli~, romelic ganxiluli gvaqvs fexsamosis aRmniSvnel zogad

jgufSi.

megr. mojRarkafa (mo-jRark-afa) `jRanebis mogdeba fexze~ (qobalia

2010). gamoiyofa jRarj- Ziri. Sdr. megr. jRan-i `jRani, Zveli

fexsacmeli~. SeiZleba mocemuli zmna nasaxelaria. majRark�� `jRanebi an

uSno fexsacmeli acvia~.

megr. mogvagvafa (mo-gvagv-afa). `didi fexsacmlis Cacma~. magvagu (ma-

gvag-u) `didi fexsacmeli acvia~. gamoiyofa gvagv- Ziri, romelic

gaorkecebuli fuZe Cans. Sdr. megr. gvagvaf-i `msxvili sagnis magrad

dacemis xma~.

megr. maCak�� (ma-Cak�) `didi raRac acvia~. SeiZleba gamoiyos Cak- Ziri.

megr. mobardRafa (mo-bardR-afa). mibardRuans- ùSno fexsacmels an

uSnod Caicvams~. SeiZleba gamoiyos bardR- Ziri. am Zirisgan iwarmoeba

samoslis Cacmisa da Tavsaburavis daburvis aRmniSvneli sityvebi. ix.

megr. mobardRafa. gebardRafa.

megr. majvarz�� (ma-jvarz�) `mZime, zomaze didi fexsacmeli acvia~.

gamoiyofa jvarz- Ziri. Sdr. megr. jvarzini `mZime sagnis deba; mrisxaned,

kuStad jdoma~ (qobalia 2010).

megr. monZgilua (mo-nZgil-ua) `viwro fexsacmlis Cacma~. qiminZgil� � � �

`(viwro fexsacmeli) Zlivs Caicva~. gamoiyofa nZgil- Ziri. misgan

iwarmoeba tanisamosis Cacmis an Tavsaburavis daburvis aRmniSvneli

sityvebi. ix. megr. mukonZgilua, m�konZgilua.

128

megr. morWipua (mo-rWip-ua) `zomiT patara, viwro fexsacmlis an windis

Cacma. mirWipan-s `viwro fesacmels an windas Zlivs icvams~. gamoiyofa

rWip- Ziri. megr. rWipua `gaWimva, gaweva~ (i. yifSiZe). am Zirisgan

iwarmoeba tanisamosis Cacmis an Tavsaburavis daburvis aRmniSvneli

sityvebi. ix. megr. mukorWipua, gerWipua.

megr. mo��oTama (mo-�oT-ama) `fexze swrafad Cacma, zedmiw. `mogdeba

fexze~. qimi��oTan-s `fexsacmels an windas Caicvams swrafad, zedmiw.

`moigdebs fexze~; gamoiyofa ��oT- `gdeba~ Ziri. misgan iwarmoeba

tanisamosis Cacmisa da Tavsaburavis daburvis aRmniSvneli sityvebi.

megr. morwkipua (mo-rwkip-ua) `viwro fexsacmlis an windis Cacma~.

mirwkipans `Zlivs icvams fexsacmels an windas~. gamoiyofa rwkip- Ziri.

mocemuli fuZisgan iwarmoeba windis saxeoba: gorwkipili TaTmani `viwro

winda~. am Zirisgan iwarmoeba tanisamosis Cacmisa da Tavsaburavis

daburvis aRmniSvneli sityvebi. ix. megr. mukorwkipua, gerwkipua.

megr. moCxarkafa (mo-Cxark-afa) `saSinao fexsacmlis, umetesad

Selaxuli flostebis, Zveli, sruli fexsacmlis uSnod Cacma~. maCxark� � � �

`Custi an Selaxuli fexsacmeli uSnod acvia~. gamoiyofa Cxark- Ziri.

Sdr. megr. Cxarkafi `Cxaruni~, Cxark-i `Zveli fexsacmeli, jRani~

(qobalia 2010).

megr. mozimafa (mo-zim-afa) `zmaneba~. gamoiyofa zim- (zim-ua) `zomva~

mizimuans `(Ca)izomebs~. inozimafa (ino-zim-afa) `Cazomeba, Cadgma (fexisa)~

(Waraia 1997).

lazuri

laz. kuCxe meSaCu `fexis Cadgma, Seyofa~. modvalus kuCxe qomeSafCi

`fexsacmelSi fexi Cavdgi, (Cavicvi)~ (Cveni masala).

laz. meSamalu `Seyofa (fexis)~ (Cveni masala).

laz. meSaRala `Cacma (fexze)~. meSaiRi kuCxe modvalus do meunkapi

`Cavicvi fexsacmeli da gaviqeci~ (Cveni masala). Sdr. megr. miSaRala ||

miToRala (kuCxiSi) `id~.

129

laz. modvalu || modvalafa || modumu || modu `Cacma (fexze)~ 9Tandilava

2013). papuwi qomuidvi `Custi Cavicvi~ (Cveni masala). foTiniSi doloxe

TiTxu wineki muidumelan `fexsacmlis SigniT Txel windas icvamen~

(Ciqobava 1929, 150).

laz. moZin àcvia~. kuCxes moZin nalini `fexT acvia qoSi~ (asaTiani

1974, 79). kuCxes lastiki moZitu `fexze kaloSi ecva~ (Ciqobava 1929, 93).

Sdr. qomoZin àfaria, axuravs, acvia~ || moZun || gomozun `wamocmuli aqvs,

ukeTia~.

4) samoslis gaxda, gamocvla

megruli

am jgufSi ganxilulia samoslis gaxdis, gamocvlis aRmniSvneli

sityvebi.

megr. mukonwy��ma (muko-nwy�-ma) || m��konwy��ma `tanisamosis gaxda~.

gamoiyofa nwy��- (nwy�-ma) Ziri `xsna, xda~. misgan iwarmoeba mimReoba

mukonwy��mil-i `gaxdili~.

am konteqstSi sainteresoa megrulSi dadasturebuli forma: gorCvil-i

(go-rCv-il-i) `gaZarcvuli~ (qajaia I, 2001), romelic nawarmoebia rCuala

(rCu-ala) `Zarcva, gacveTa~ zmnisagan. gvaqvs paraleluri forma

gorcvil-i (go-rcv-il-i). tanisamosis gaxdis mniSvnelobiT megrulSi

piriani forma ara Cans. am mniSvnelobiT is daculi aris mimReobaSi:

gorCvil-i || gorcvil-i, magram am SemTxvevaSic semantika odnav

gadaweulia. mag., gorCvili voreq àraferi ar gamaCnia, – ara mxolod

tanisamosiT, aramed yvelafrianad~.

megr. mukosofua (muko-sof-ua) `swrafad gaxda (zedmiw. mogleja)~.

gamkisofu bargi `swrafad gaixada tansacmeli~. es fuZe nawarmoebia sof-

(sof-ua) `{mo}gleja~ Zirisagan.

megr. mukorRvafa (muko-rRva-fa) `swrafad gaxda, dayra tansacmlisa~.

es fuZe gamoiyeneba mxolod mravlobiTis formiT: bargi gamkirRu

`tanisamosi gaixada (zedmiw. `dayara~)~.

130

megr. mukoJvilua (mo-Jvil-ua) `fexsacmlis swrafad gaxda~. mocemuli

fuZe Jvil- (Jvil-ua) `gleja~ Zirisagan aris nawarmoebi. gamkiJvil�� kaba

`swrafad gaixada kaba~. am Ziris Semcveli sityvebi gvaqvs fexsamosis

gaxdisa da Tavsaburavis moxdis, moxsnis aRmniSvnel semantikur

jgufSi. ix. megr. moJvilua, eJvilua.

lazuri

laz. mosTimu `gaZroma (samosis)~. na-moZitu Sarvali do bluzafe

gamosTu `rom ecva Sarvali da bluza, gaZvra~ (Cveni masala).

laz. gonRaRafa || gonRaRu `gaReRa~ (Tandilava 2013).

laz. go(r)Cu 1. `gaxda~ (Tandilava 2013). nana-muSis SeÁefe gorCu

`dedamiss nivTebi gaxada / dedamisi gaaSiSvla~ (yifSiZe 1994, 79).

laz. gowkimu `moxsna~. oxorjalefeq gowakiu guwiwkes `qalebma

winsafari moixsnes~ (lazuris fondi).

laz. mowkimu || mowku || mowu `gaxda (samoslis)~. gamiwku doloqunu

muSi `gaixada Tavisi samosi~.

laz. okowkimu `gaxda, gaxsna~. beeq forCa ukuiwku do qowiu `bavSma

perangi gaixsna da uCvena~ (kartozia 1972, 149).

laz. xegamalu `xelis (mklavis) gamoReba~. xeforCaSen xe qagamiRu

`mklavidan xeli gamoiRo~ (Cveni masala). emus forCa qamowkes do baSqa

forCa qodoloqunes `mas perangi gaxades da sxva perangi Caacves~

(lazuris fondi).

laz. monqTuru || oqTuru `Secvla~. iqTuru, iqTiru `Seicvala~. si

forCa diqTuri, ama guri var iqTuridoren `Sen perangi Seicvale, magram

guli ar Segcvlia~ (lazuris fondi).

5) fexsamosis gaxda

megruli

megr. monwy��ma (mo-nwy�-ma) `gaxda fexsacmlisa an windisa~. gamoiyofa

nwy��- (nwy��-ma) Ziri `moxsna~. minwy��n----s `gaixdis~.

131

megr. mo��oTama (mo-�oT-ama) `swrafad gaxda fexsacmlisa an windisa~. es

fuZe nawarmoebi aris ��oT- (��oT-ama) `gdeba~ Zirisagan. mi��oTans `swrafad

gaixdis (zedmiw. `dayris fexsacmels an windebs)~. am Zirisgan iwarmoeba

tanisamosis gaxdis an Tavsaburavis moxdis aRmniSvneli sityvebi. ix. megr.

muko�oTama, e�oTama.

megr. mosofua (mo-sof-ua) swrafad, sibraziT gaxda fexsacmlisa,

zedmiw. `mogleja~. gamoiyofa sof- (sof-ua) `gleja~ Ziri. gamisofu

Cafula `swrafad, sibraziT gaixada fexsacmeli~. am Ziris Semcveli

sityvebi gvaqvs tanisamosis gaxdisa da Tavsaburavis moxdis

mniSvnelobiT. ix. megr. mukosofua, esosua.

megr. moJvilua (mo-Jvil-ua) `fexsacmlis swrafad gaxda~. mocemuli

fuZe Jvil- (Jvil-ua) `gleja~ Zirisagan aris nawarmoebi. am Ziris

Semcveli sityvebi gvaqvs tanisamosis gaxdisa da Tavsaburavis moxdis,

moxsnis aRmniSvnel semantikur jgufSi. ix. megr. mokoJvilua, eJvilua.

lazuri

laz. kuCxeS/s || kuCxeS modvaluS-i mowku || mowkimu `gaxda

(fexsacmlis)~. man kuCxeS moiwkif `me fexze vixdi~ (Cveni masala).

laz. mosTvalu `gaZroba (fexsamosis)~. ma qamomosTu modvalu

`fexsacmeli gamZvra~ (Cveni masala).

laz. TaTmaniSi mowyimu `xelTaTmnis gaZroba~ (Cveni masala).

6) Tavsaburavis moxda

megruli

megr. enwyuma (e-nwy-uma) || enwy��ma (e-nwy�-ma) `moxda, moxsna

Tavsaburavisa~. wyu- || nwy��- Zirisgan aris nawarmoebi. mis Sesaxeb ix.

monwy��ma. einwyun-s || einwy��n-s `(mo)ixdis, moixsnis Tavsaburavs~.

megr. eJvilua (e-Jvil-ua) `swarafad moxda, moxsna Tavsaburavisa~. qica

geiJvil� � � � `uceb, swrafad moixsna Tavsafari~. fuZe Jvil- (Jvil-ua) `gleja~

Zirisagan aris nawarmoebi. am fuZis Semcveli sityvebi gvaqvs

132

tanisamosisa da fessamosis gaxdis aRmniSvnel semantikur jgufSi. ix.

megr. mukoJvilua, moJvilua.

megr. esofua (e-sof-ua) `swrafad moxda, moxsna (zedmiw. mogleja)

Tavsaburavisa~. geisofu qudi `swrafad moixada (zedmiw. `moiglija~)

qudi.

lazuri

laz. mowk(im)u || mowkvinu || owku `moxda~. papaxi muiwku `boxoxi

moixada~ (Cveni masala).

laz. gewkimu `axsna, moxsna~ (Tandilava 2013).

7) Sesakravebis Sekvra

megruli

megr. mortyafa (mo-rty-afa) `mortyma (sartylisa)~. ortyafu

qomurtyafudes `sartyeli SemoertyaT~ (yifSiZe 1994, 150). is nawarmoebia

rty- (rtyafa) `mortyma~ zmnuri Zirisagan.

megr. binua (bin-ua) `Sebneva~. Ziqvas ibinuns `Sarvals ibnevs~ (qajaia I,

2001). fuZe bin- Zirisagan aris nawarmoebi. es fuZe saerToqarvelurad

aris miCneuli. Sdr.: qarT. ben- || bin- || bn- `Sekvra, Sebneva.~ i-bn-ev-s, sa-bn-

ev-i : zan (megr.) o-bin-al-i `Sesabnevi~; megr.-laz. o-bin-u || bin-ua `Sekvra,~

u-bin-un-s `ubnevs.~ go-bin-il-i `Sekruli.~ : svan. li-bn-e `Sekvra, Sebneva;~

le-mn-i `Rili,~ i-bn-e `Seikravs, Seibnevs,~ (fenrixi, sarjvelaZe 2000, 102-

103). aRniSnuli erTeulebis arqetipad m. Cuxua aRadgens s.-qarTv. *ben- ||

*bin- `Sekvra, Sebneva~ fuZes (Cuxua 2009, 227).

megr. go��oTama (go-�oT-ama) `Semortyma sartylisa, zedmiw. welze

mogdeba qamrisa~. is nawarmoebi aris ��oT- (�oT-ama) `gdeba~ Zirisagan.

megr. giTorRvafa (giTo-rRv-afa) | g��TorRvafa (g�To-rRv-afa) ||

kilarRvafa (kila-rRv-afa) || k��larRvafa (k�la-rRv-afa) `zonris gayra~.

zorti quklurRu kabas `kabaSi zonari gauyara~ (Cveni masala).

133

megr. gosquala (go-squ-ala) || goskuala (go-sku-ala) `Sekvra~. Surnoki

akosku `Tasma Sekra~. gosqvil-i `Sekruli~.

megr. wiapua `magrad ganaskva~.

lazuri

laz. gamakiru `gaskvna, gamonaskva~. �orkas ar uji qagamikirÁa `kabis

yuri gaminaskvneo~ (lazuris fondi).

laz. golabRafa || golabRu `gayra~ (Tandilava 2013).

laz. gotkafa || gotku || gokoru `Semoxveva, Semokvra~ (lazuris

fondi). gokors `akravs, artyia~.

laz. gotkimu || motkimu `Semortyma, Semocma~ (Cveni masala). otkafe

gotkutes `sartyeli ertyaT~ (asaTiani 1974, 15).

laz. goSadvalu || goSadumafa || goSadumalu || goSadumafu || goSadu

`sartylis gayra~. Salvari Sibi goSadvaleri iyven `Sarvalze Snuri

(naWris) gayrili iqneba~ (Ciqobava 1929, 15).

laz. eladaZu (aTin.) || elambinu (viw.) `mibma (raRacisa samosze)~ (uzun-

hasanoRlu, bujakliSi, aleqsiva 2007).

laz. ewakiru `mikvra, mibma (qvevidan)~. Sdr. laz. ewakirel-i `mikruli,

mibmuli~ (qvevidan) (lazuris fondi).

laz. membinu1 `mikinZva, folaqis Sekvra~. sede�efe doimbini `folaqebi

Sevikari (avikinZe) (Tandilava 2013).

laz. okokiu || okiu `Sekvra~. man qemeri goikiuf `qamars vikrav~ (Cveni

masala).

laz. okon-s `artyia, Semoxveulia (garSemo)~ (lazuris fondi).

laz. okombinu `Sekvra~; `RiliT an sxva SesakraviT Sekvra~..

sede�i/mfulefe okuimbini `Rili Sevikari~. Skas koCefe sede�iTen

ukuinbinuptes `wels kacebi RiliT Seikravdnen~ (Cveni masala). ix. megr.

akobinua.

laz. qonukiru `miaba~. dursuniq TokiSi ar �uji gidelis qonukiru

(lazuris fondi). gekorer-i, gekirel-i `dakruli, gakruli~. metaqsiS

134

doloqunu boxCas gekorer qomunjRonuman `abreSumis Casacmels

qsovilze (boxCaze) mikruls ugzavnian~ (lazuris fondi).

laz. qotu `daaxvia, Seaxvia~ (lazuris fondi).

8) Sesakravebis gaxsna

megruli

megr. gonwyuma (go-nwy-uma) || gonwy��ma (go-nwy�-ma) `gaxsna~, Sexsna~ ginwy��

qica Seixsna Tavsafari. ginwy�� baSlayu `Seixsna yabalaxi~. megr.

gonwyumil-i || gonwy��mil-i. Sdr.. laz. gonwyei `gaxsnili~.

lazuri

laz. gamalu `qamris gamoReba (mklavis gamoRebasac niSnavs)~.

laz. gowkimu || gowku || gowu || okowkimu `gaxsna, gaZroba, moxsna~.

kopWafe okiwkiko `folaqebi rom Segexsna~ (yifSiZe 1994, 69) (Tandilava

2013). oxoiSa mexTu-Si otkafu qaguiwku `Sin rom mivida, sartyeli

moixsna~ (asaTiani 1974, 43).

laz. okonaru `Semoxsna~ (lazuris fondi).

laz. owkimu `gaxsna~. Sdr. gowkei `gaxsnili~ (Tandilava 2013).

9) morTva

megruli

megr. monwyuala (mo-nwy-uala) `gamowyoba~. gagminwyu do midarT�

`gamoewyo da wavida~. Sdr. monwyil-i `gamowyobili~.

megr. mofirfiCua `morTva, gamowyoba~. Sdr. mofirfiCel-i morTul-

mokazmuli, gamopranWuli~ (qobalia 2010).

megr. eSanwyuala `gulis amorTva~ (Cveni masala).

megr. gebunafa `dakideba (samkaulisa)~ (Cveni masala).

megr. geroxua `bevri, msxvili samkaulis dakideba yelze~. Zireuli

mniSvneloba am sityvisa aris `daxergva~ (qajaia I, 2001).

135

megr. gexarxua `bevri ramis (samkaulis) erTad gakeTeba~. gioxarx��

`bevri ram ukeTia~ (Cveni masala).

megr. geCxorCxua `bevri samkaulis dakideba~ (Cveni masala).

megr. geWonWua `bevri samkaulis, kerZod, mZivebis uSnod dakideba

yelze~ (Cveni masala).

megr. oqroT mo��inua oqroS e�inil-i `mooqrovili, oqroSi Cabmuli,

oqroTi Semoyinuli~ (qobalia 2010).

megr. movarayel-i `Zvirfasi samkauli Semkuli~ (Cveni masala).

lazuri

laz. gebumu `dakideba, mibma~. ჲazmas fuli alTuniSi gebutu

`Tavsafars oqros moneta hqonda mibmuli~ (lazuris fondi). ჲazmas fuli

gubutu `Tavsafars moneta eba~ (kartozia 1972, 39).

laz. godvalu `modeba~ (lazuris fondi).

laz. gokidu || gokidafa `Semokideba irgvliv, mobma irgvliv~. man

nusqafe gomobun `me avgarozebi mkidia~ (Tandilava 2013).

laz. dolobunu `dakideba~. [delikanlis] gÁumiSiS qჲosteRi yalis

qodolobun àxalgazrdas vercxlis yelsabami yelze hkidia~ (lazuris

fondi).

laz. mecigu `CarWoba~. Sdr. laz. cigeჲჲჲჲ àcmuli~ (lazuris fondi).

laz. modadaluf-s `morTavs, mokazmavs, `moayvavilebs~. sija-Ti

qamodadalu `siZec gamoawyo~. Sdr. laz. dadal-i `yvavili~.

laz. modumu2 `wamocmeva~ (Tandilava 2013). aCqva mawkindi moiwku xes do

qomodu èrTi kidev beWedi moiZro xelze da wamoacva~ (kartozia 1972,

79).

laz. moJobun (< mo-Ja-o) `mokidebulia, mobmulia (rasme zevidan)~

(lazuris fondi).

laz. moZin ùkeTia~. delikanlis sali xeSi Wuta kiTis alTuniSi

mawkindi moZin àxalgazrdas marcxena xelis nekze oqros beWedi aqvs

wamocmuli~ (Ciqobava 1929, 16).

136

laz. mowifxu || mowofxafa || mowifxafa || mowofxu `morTva~, `gamowyoba~

(Tandilava 2013). ix. CacmasTanac. laz. mowifxe-Á `mowyobili~. mufeÁ

mowifxeÁ doloquns `rogor kargad acvia (gamowyobilia)~ (Cveni masala) ||

laz. wifxer-i `moqarguli, morTuli, gamowyobili~. si eko moT

megomsqun, e baSluRi wifxeri `Sen Zalian rad gixdeba (naqargiviT) Tavze

Semoxveuli yabalaxi~. Sdr. gur. wifxa `xis qerqisagan gakeTebuli

sasmisi, WurWeli~ (SaraSiZe 1938). SesaZloa am or fuZes Soris raime

kavSiri iyos.

laz. mowyvinu `morTva, gamowyoba~ (Cveni masala).

laz. nobun `hkidia, mokidebuli aris; ubia, mibmuli aqvs (samkauli)~.

laz. okidu `morTva~, `gawyoba~. qomeukidi || qogeokidi `movrTe,

gavawyve~ (Cveni masala).

laz. oconu `acma (ramisa)~. Sdr. laz. coner-i `acmuli~ (lazuris

fondi).

laz. oxu `gawyoba~. forCa tismaTen domixven `kaba maqmaniT gamiwyve~

(Cveni masala)

laz. elobun `gverdze hkidia~ (lazuris fondi).

mocemul TavSi gaerTianda CacmasTan da gaxdasTan dakavSirebuli

sityvebi.

samoslis Cacmisa da gaxdis semantikur jgufSi aRvwereT da

gavaanalizeT tanisamosis da fexsamosis Cacma-gaxdis, Tavsaburavis, –

qudis, Tavsafris daxurvisa da moxdis, Sesakravebis Sekvra-Sexsnisa da

samkaulebiT Semkobis aRniSvneli sityvebi. gamoikveTa tanisamosis

Cacmis niuansebi – zogadad, Cacma, morgeba, Cazomeba, moxdeniloba. Cacmis

manera damokidebuli aris samoslis formaze, xarisxze. amdenad, am

TvalsazrisiT, am jgufSi Semavali saxelebi metad sainteresoa. xSirad

gamoiyeneba erTi da igive Ziri sxvadasxva Tematur jgufSi, rac,

ZiriTadad, megrul-lazuris zmniswinTa simravliT aris ganpirobebuli.

statistikurad am semantikur jgufSi Semavali leqsikuri erTeulebi

lazurSi, Cveni masalis mixedviT, mwiria.

Cacmis maneris safuZvelze SeiZleba samoslis saxeoba Camoyalibdes.

mag. megr. mikirsxipan-s (miki-rsxip-ans) `viwro tanisamoss icvams~.

mukarsxip-u `Semosxepili aqvs~. rsxip- (rsxip-ua) `Semosxepa, Semotkeca,

137

gansxirpva, gaWimva~ Ziri aris amosavali. maSasadame, Sesabamisad,

morsxipil-i kaba `Semosxepili, Semotkecili kaba~.

�

Tavi III. samoselTan dakavSirebuli leqsika megrul-lazur

frazeologizmebSi

samosels adamianis cxovrebaSi gansakuTrebuli mniSvneloba eniWeboda

odiTganve. is adamianis Sinagani mdgomareobis, eris sulieri da

materialuri kulturuli yofis, Semecnebisa da azrovnebis

gamoxatulebaa. amitom, bunebrivia, samoselTan dakavSirebuli

idiomaturi gamoTqmebi megrul-lazurSi mravalferovania, vinaidan

idiomSi asaxvas povebs ama Tu im xalxis yofa, istoria, misi miswrafeba.

megrul-lazuri samoslis aRmniSvneli leqsikis Semcveli idiomaturi

gamoTqmebi mniSvnelovania leqsikuri, istoriuli-eTnografiuli,

lingvokulturologiuri TvalsazrisiT. maTSi naTlad aris

warmodgenili saerToqarTuli enobrivi da materialuri kulturuli

yofisTvis damaxasiaTebeli Taviseburebani.

sanaalizo masalis mixedviT gamoiyo samoslis aRmniSvneli Semdegi

sayrdeni sityvebi, romlebic monawileoben idiomebSi:

megr. kaba, laz. forka `kaba~:

megr. osuriSi kaba mˆ̂̂̂kaqunsu || laz. oxorjaSi forka doloquns

`mxdalia~ (ityvian mamakacze, romelsac vaJkacuri Tvisebebi ar gaaCnia)

(zedmiw. `qalis kaba acvia~. megr. si osuriSi kaba m��k��norque, koCiS

Sarvali vam�norZe `Sen qalis kaba gcmia, kacis Sarvali ar gcmia~. laz.

si mexTi do oxorjas forCa qodiliquni `wadi da qalis kaba Caicvi~

(Cveni masala).

sainteresoa kabis monawileobiT Seqmnili frazeologiuri Sesityveba,

romelic lazur rwmena-warmodgenebs asaxavs: forka gamakÁu zedmiw.

138

`kabis gamokoWva~. qari rom amovardeboda, ojaxis ufros qaliSvils kabis

bolos gamoukoWavdnen, ganaskvavdnen, ityodnen locvas, evedrebodnen

RmerTs, exsna isini stiqiuri ubedurebebisagan ― xanZari Caeqro, qari

Caeyenebina, rom daecva tye, sofeli, uvneblad daebrunebina meTevzeebi,

mezRvaurebi. qarsac mimarTavdnen, rom Camdgariyo. sanam qari ar

Cadgeboda, kaba gamokoWili iyo. locva ase JRerda: RormoTi, Cqimi

daRefe domiCviT, daCxii va iyvas, mzoRa va irdas, meCxomefe saRlami

qagixTan, kalaSi barva qododgiTas kalaSi, barva dokii, ordo

qododgiTi `RmerTo, Cemi tyeebi damifare, cecxli ar iyos, zRva ar

aReldes, meTevzeebi janmrTeli dabrundnen, qaris qrolva dadges. qaro,

qrola Sekari, adre dadeq~. lazebis rwmeniT, maT mier Sesrulebuli

rituali bunebis movlenebze zegavlenas moaxdenda da daicavda maT

stiqiuri ubedurebisagan (Cveni masala).

am rituals m. vaniliSi da a. Tandilava ase aRweren: gazafxulze,

martsa da aprilSi moulodnelad amovardeba xolme samxreT-dasavleTis

qari, romelsac lazebi `dolozs~ eZaxian (`doloziS obaru~).

meTevzeebisaTvis yvelaze saSiSia es qari, romelic maT did zians

ayenebs. amitom rodesac es qari amovardeboda, meTevzeebis colebi an

naTesavebi ase iqceodnen: ded-mamis pirvel qaliSvils, miuxedavad

asakisa, avaleben, Tavisi kabis erTi bolo `gamokoWos~, e. i. gamokvanZos

da Tan samjer Tqvas: `RormoTi, barva qamakvaTi~ (RmerTo qari Sewyvite)

(vaniliSi, Tandilava 1984, 141).

Savi samoseli mgloviarobis, gaWirvebis erT-erTi gamoxatuleba iyo

qristianisaTvis. es damokidebuleba Taviseburebad aisaxeba idiomebSi:

megr. uCa kabaT g��T��nardi `qvrivobiT, gaWirvebiT gamozrda~. zedmiw.

`Savi kabiT gamozrdili~. Sdr. qarT. Savis kabiT gamozrda (Svilisa).

megr. uCaSi m��koquna || Wkirili uCaSi m��koquna `gamwareba, gaubedureba~.

zedmiw. `(daWrili) Savis Cacma~. Cqimicali Wkirili uCa m��koiqunudas!

zedmiw. `Cemnairi daWrili (`Semoutexavi~) Savebi (`ZaZebi~) Cagecvas!~

(aseTi Cacma gansakuTrebuli mwuxarebis dros ician), gadat. `Cemi dRe

dagdgomodes, iseTive samgloviaro da sadardebeli gagCenodes, rogoric

me maqvso~. Sdr. laz. uCa forkaS diloqunu `gamwareba, gaubedureba~.

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CqimisTeჲ ჲ ჲ ჲ uCa forka diliquneeta zedmiw. `CemsaviT Savi kaba Cagecvas!~

wyevlaa erTgvari (SeniSvna: lazeTSi Savi feris aRniSnuli mniSvnelobiT

gamoyenebaze miuTiTeben mxolod qristiani lazebi) (Cveni masala).

megr. Cqimi kaba m��koiqunudas `me ra mdgomareobaSic var, ise iyavi

Senc~. zedmiw. `Cemi kaba Cagecvas~. Sdr. qarT. Cemi kabiTac damjdarxar!

`qmari mogkvdomodes, samgloviaro saqme dagmarTodes!~ (saxokia 1979, 776).

megr. uCa kabaT xe || uCaT doqunili xe `damwuxrebulia, mgloviarea~.

zedmiw. `Savi kabiT || SaviT Semosili zis~. Sdr. qarT. Savi kabiT dajdoma

`glova, mwuxareba micvalebulze~ (saxokia 1979, 736).

zog SemTxvevaSi ar aris dakonkretebuli samgloviaro samosis

saxeoba, uCa `Savi~ ixmareba ganzogadebulad.

megr. uCaT doforil-i || uCaS-i miToforil-i `mgloviare~. zedmiw.

`SaviT dafaruli || SavSi (Sav samosSi) Cafluli~ (Cveni masala).

megr. uCaS mukoquna `glova~. zedmiw. `Savis Cacma~ (qobalia 2010). Sdr.

megr. uCas vamkoiqunanq `Tavs ar Seviwuxeb~. Sdr. qarT.˜Savebs ar Cavicvam

(saxokia 1979, 734).

megr. uCaT nwerili `Savad Sesudruli~. kvaria meurs uCaT nwerili

`yvavi midis Savad Sesudruli~ (kilanava 1998).

megr. (Cqimi) uCa kˆ̂̂̂noikirafudas! `gamwarebuliyavi, gaubedurebuliyavi~.

zedmiw. `Savi (mandili) wagekras~. Sdr. qarT. Cemi leCaqiTac damjdara

`Cemi dRe dasdgomodes, iseTive samgloviaro da sadardebeli gasCenodes,

rogoric me maqvso., gasWirvebodes, damwuxrebuliyos~ (saxokia 1979, 734).

megr. uCaS miToxuna `glova~. zedmiw. `SavSi jdoma~. am idiomis

gasaazreblad sainteresoa samegreloSi gavrcelebuli glovis tradicia:

`bnelSi jdoma mgloviarisa. Wirisufali iketeboda bnel sadgomSi da

erTi weli aravis enaxveboda. saWmel-sasmels, usaTuod samarxvos,

garedan awvdidnen da fexis alagsac axlos uwyobdnen mofarebulSi.

mgloviaris gamoyvana bnelidan wlisTavis aRsaniSnavi ritualis nawili

iyo. ceremonialze xvewna-vedrebiT gamoyvanil Wirisufals am erTi wlis

manZilze Camozrdili Tma-wveric unda gaekriWa. pirvelad Tma misTvis

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gardacvlilis magiers unda moekveca; ase eZaxdnen daqvrivebuli kacis

jdomasac sagangebod mowyobil karavSi, sadac igi micvalebulis

dakrZalvamde rCeboda da iqve Rebulobda samZimars~ (qobalia 2010). Sdr.

megr. CxviCxveli uCaSa miToixunudas! `gamwarebuliyavi!~ zedmiw.

`Semouqobav SavebSi Camjdariyavi (Cagecvas)!~ (qobalia 2010).

megr. uCaS-i mikoWala `mwuxarebaSi Cavardna~. zedmiw. Savis mikereba~.

megr. RarTi `Coxa~:

megr. RarTamo dinafa `daRupva mTlianad~. zedmiw. `Coxianad dakargva~

(qajaia III, 2002); `samudamod gadakargva, dedabudianad gadaxvewa, daRupva~

(qobalia 2010).

megr. RarTamo Wyvadua `arafris SerCena, gaRatakeba~. zedmiw. Coxianad

amowyveta~. T. saxokia amis Sesaxeb wers: RarTianad daviRupe `sul mTlad

daviRupe, suls aqeT araferi SemrCa (saxokia 1979, 697). rogorc T.

saxokia aRniSnavs, `RarTi megrulad igivea, rac qarTulSi Turqulidan

Semosuli sityva Coxaa, e. i. axaluxs zemodan Casacmeli samamakaco

samosi Salisa. Zvelad, unda vifiqroT, yvelasaTvis xelmisawvdomi ar

iyo RarTi da, maSasadame, Zvirfasad da natvris sagnad iTvleboda. misi

dakargva megrelisaTvis udrida uRarTod darCenas anu samamaco

samosels moklebas da tolTa Soris Sercxvenas da es Tqmac swored

amitom gamoxatavda materialurad dazaralebuli megrelis ganuzomel,

aunazRaurebel bedZnelobas~ (saxokia 1979, 698).

megr. RarTiS gosofua `Tavis gamodeba, TavpatiJi~. zedmiw. `Coxis

Semogleja, kalTebis dagleja~ (qobalia 2010).

megr. karTe, laz. podia `kalTa~:

kalTa zogadad cva-mfarvelobis, mowyalebis, mzrunvelobis, sasoebis,

sulgrZelebis, siwmindis simbolod moiazreba qarTul cnobierebaSi da

asec aris asaxuli idiomebSi:

megr. karTeSi gino/inoforafa || laz. podia moTvalu `dacva,

daxmareba~. megr. WyolofuaSi karTe qignaforuu `daifara, daicva~.

zedmiw. `wyalobis kalTa gadaafara~ (qajaia III, 2002). laz. o, bee ka&

vauyonu, mara nana muSiq podia moTumes || xe moTumes `o, biWi kargi ar

hyavs, magram dedamisi kalTas afarebs || xels afarebs~ (Cveni masala).

141

Sdr. qarT. kalTis gadafareba `dacva, dafarva, Svela, daxmareba, xsna

gaWirvebisagan, Tavis Sefareba~ (saxokia 1979, 308).

megr. karTeSi farTxua || laz. podiaSi ofaTxu `pasuxismgeblobis

moxsna, adamianTan yovelgvari kavSiris gawyveta garkveuli mizezis gamo~

zedmiw. `kalTis mibertyva~. laz. ma dido kaoba voRodi, mara muq podia

difaTxu `me bevri sikeTe gavukeTe, magram man kalTa daiferTxa, zrunva-

patronobaze xeli aiRo~. si eSo pati koCi eq, man sqaniSen podia

do&&&&faTxi `Sen iseTi cudi kaci xar, me Senze kalTa davibertye (xeli

aviRe)~ (Cveni masala). Sdr. qarT. kalTis mibertyva `kavSiris gawyveta,

Tavidan moSoreba, zrunva-patronobaze xelis aReba~ (saxokia 1979, 309).

megr. karTeT gila‡‡‡‡onafa || laz. podiaTen oyonafu `mzrunveloba~.

zedmiw. `kalTiT tareba~. laz. podiaTen goჲჲჲჲyonupti `kalTiT

davatarebdi~. nanamuSiq podiaTen guiyonu, awi muTu vaaxvenen `dedamisma

kalTiT atara, axla verafers ver akeTebs~. Sdr. qarT. kalTiT tareba;

kalTaSi gamozrda (saxokia 1979, 308).

megr. karTeSi elabuna || laz. podias gelakidu `vinmeze

damokidebuleba~. zedmiw. `kalTaze dakideba~. laz. soTi vaoCqu, kulani

podias qogilikidu àrsad ar uSvebs, gogo kalTaze hyavs gamokidebuli~

(Cveni masala). Sdr. qarT. kalTaze gamobma || kalTis daWera, kalTaze

dabRauWeba || dakideba || daWideba || mokideba `visTvisme Svelis Txovna,

visime cva-farvis Zebna, vinmeze damokidebuleba~ (saxokia 1979, 306-308).

amave idiomis sinonimia megr. karTes elasxupini `sxvaze damokidebuleba~.

zedmiw. `kalTaze Camokideba; kalTaze xelCakidebiT siaruli~ (qobalia

2010).

megr. karTeSa dudiSi awodvala || laz. podias Ti geladvalu `visime

mfarvelobis qveS yofna, visime imediT darCena.~ zedmiw. `(visime) kalTaSi

Tavis dadeba~. megr. Cqimi karTeSa awuZ��nia dudi _ `Cems kalTaSi udevso

Tavi. laz. emus Cqimi podias giluZin Ti do moT aSqurinasinon ìmas Cems

kalTaSi udevs Tavi da rad SeeSiSindeba?!~ (Cveni masala).

megr. karTes muTun vawucenc ùqmad araferi mova, verafers iSovis~.

zedmiw. `kalTaze araferi daucvivdeba~. arT dixas dimaxvenc karTes

142

muTun vawucenc èrT adgilas damjdoms, kalTaze araferi daucvivdeba~

(qajaia II, 2002; samuSia 1971, 17).

megr. karTeekineli gilurcu `maTxovrobs~. zedmiw. `kalTaaweuli

dadis~. Sdr. qarT. kalTaaweuli `maTxovari, glaxa, Raribi, mowyalebis

mTxovneli~. zedmiw. `kalTaaweuli~ (saxokia 1979, 306).

megr. karTes miToforini || laz. podiaSa qomuixizu `(vinmes) imedad

yofna~. zedmiw. (vinmes) kalTas Sefareba, Semoxizneba~. megr. Cqimi karTes

miTofor�� `Cems kma-yofazea~. laz. emuSi podiaSa qomuixizu ìmis kalTas

Semoafara Tavi~ (Cveni masala). Sdr. qarT. kalTas Semoxizneba `vinmes

imediT yofna, gaWirvebis dros visime cva-farvis molodini~ (saxokia 1979,

307).

megr. karTeSi ekorof/bua || laz. podias monZiqu `gaqceva~. zedmiw.

kalTis akrefa~. laz. muinZiqu podia muSi do mikilu `kalTa aikrifa da

gaiara). Sdr. qarT. kalTis || kalTebis akrefa `gasaqcevad kargad

momzadeba~ (saxokia 1979, 308).

megr. karTeSa aSarduala || karTeSi gˆ̂̂̂Torduala || karTeSi g��Tnardi ||

karTeSi nardie || g��Tnardie || laz. podias rdeჲჲჲჲ `kalTaSi gazrdili~.

Sdr. qarT. kalTaSi gamozrda `vinmes xeliT gazrda, movla-patronoba~

(saxokia 1979, 308). msgavsi mniSvnelobisaa megr. karTeSi miTorduala

`kalTisqveS gazrda~ (qobalia 2010).

megr. karTeSi mosofua `bevri xvewna, Txovna~. zedmiw. `kalTis

Camogleja~ (qobalia 2010). Sdr. qarT. kalTis Camogleja. kalTas aravin

ar Camoglejs, aravin ar Segexveweba. || kalTis dagleja `xvewna, mudara,

CacivebiT Txovna~ (oniani 1966, 99).

megr. karTeSi aSarulafa || laz. podias gelanjiu ùdardeloba,

uzrunveloba. zedmiw. kalTaSi CaZineba~. laz. podias gelanjiu Te&s kai

awonen `kalTaSi CaZineba yvelas uyvars, moswons~. Sdr. qarT. kalTaSi

CaZineba ùdardeloba, uzrunveloba, saqmeze Tavis arideba, sxvisi imediT

darCena~ (saxokia 1979, 307).

megr. karTeSi aSaxuna || laz. podias gelaxunu `gafufuneba~. zedmiw.

`kalTaSi Cajdoma~. laz. podias gelaxune& irdu `fufunebiT gaizarda

143

(kalTaze iyo dabRauWebuli)~. Sdr. qarT. kalTaSi Cajdoma gadat.

`daSinaureba, Tavisianad miCneva~ (saxokia 1979, 308).

megr. karTeSa awosorgafa `sikeTe, mowyaleba~. zedmiw. `kalTaze dayra~.

megr. jgiri koc qobali do jimu karTeSa ewusorgunia `karg kacs puri

da marili kalTaze uyriao (keTilia, mowyalea)~ (Cveni masala).

megr. bargiSi akokirua `sadme wasvla~. zedmiw. `tansacmlis Sekvra~.

megr. bargi dikiri `saxlidan wadi, aikrife guda-nabadi~. Sdr. qarT.

bargis akvra `wasvla, ayra, samyofi adgilis datoveba (oniani 1966, 27).

bargi aikra `wavida, iqaurobas gaecala, mogvSorda~ (saxokia 1979, 46).

megr. qica || laz. iazma || mendili || laCeqi `Tavsafari.~

Tavsaburavi, kerZod, qalisaTvis mandili, xolo mamakacisaTvis qudi,

maTi zneobriobis – morCilebis, kdemamosilebis, vaJkacobis gamovlineba

iyo. misdami udieri damokidebulebiTa da misi Seusabamod gamoyenebis

SemTxvevaSi adamianis Rirseba ilaxeboda. es naTlad Cans myar

gamonaTqvamebSi:

megr. osuriSi qicaS gerTumala || laz. Áazma moTvalu `Sercxvena~.

zedmiw. `qalis Tavsafris dafareba~. osuriSi qica giorTunia `qalis

Tavsafari axuravs~. laz. koCoba vadosqideen do Tis Áazma qomoiTveen

`kacoba ar darCenia da Tavze mandili dauxuravs~; oxorja muSiq Tis

iazma qomoTu `colma mas Tavze leCaqi daaxura (vaJkacoba waarTva)~

(Cveni masala). Sdr. qarT. leCaqis || mandilis daxurva (mamakacis mier)

`kacisaTvis mamakacur TvisebaTa warTmeva da am TvisebaTa wil saqalo

TvisebaTa mikuTvneba, sasircxvilo saqmis Cadena, augianoba, saZraxisoba~

(saxokia 1979, 357, 371). qarT. Tavze leCaqis daxurva `Sercxvena, Tavis

moWra (ityvian mxdalobis Camden mamakacze)~ (oniani 1966, 73). mandili

xuravs `mxdalia, laCaria (mamakaci); patiosania, namusiania, yoCaRia

(qali)~ (oniani 1966, 109).

laz. Áazma || laCaqi mowkimu `Seuracxyofa, Sercxvena~. zedmiw. `leCaqis

moxda~. Sdr. qarT. mandilis || leCaqis moxda `Seuracxyofa, pativis ayra,

usircxviloba, namusze xelis aReba, qalis mier saaugo saqmis Cadena~

(saxokia 1979, 358, 371); namusis leCaqis axda `qalis mier namusze xelis

aReba~ (oniani 1966, 73; saxokia 1979, 451). aqedan nawarmoebi mimReoburi

formebi: laz. Áazma || laCaqi mowkimeÁ `Sercxvenili~. Sdr. qarT.

144

mandilmoxdili `Seuracxyofili~ (saxokia 1979, 371). mTqmelebis

gadmocemiT, uTavsafro unamusos niSnavda. axla mgloviare Tavze rom ar

ifarebs, sircxvilad miiCneva. am idiomTan dakavSirebulia erTi

eTnografiuli wesi lazeTSi: Áazma || laCaqi mowkimu ― Tu vaJs qali

uyvarda da misi colad SerTva surda, gogos ki ar uyvarda da mSoblebi

ar atandnen, biWi malulad leCaqs moxdida. gogo biWisgan namusaxdili

da Seuracxyofili iyo, amitom biWs gogo colad unda waeyvana (Cveni

masala). samegreloSi ki quds xmarobda mamakaci Tavisi sacolis

dasaniSnavad. Tu esa Tu is qali kacs TvalSi mouvidoda, sakmarisi iyo,

rom SeTvalierebuli qalisaTvis visime TandaswrebiT qudi esrola da

moexvedrebina, rom im wuTidan qali qudis msrolelis daniSnulad

gamocxadebuliyo da saqmrosac sxva aravin Sescileboda mis Tavs. ix.

megr. qudiS faCua (saxokia 1979, 691). qarT. namusis leCaqis axda

(qalisaTvis) `qalis mier namusze xelis aReba~. zedmiw. `qalis Tavidan

leCaqis moSoreba~. Sdr. namusis leCaqi agvexada. ojaxis siwmindeze

nacar-tuta dagveyara (ek. gabaSvili). rogorc qarTveli mamakacisaTvis

qudi (ix. namusis qudis axda), ise dedakacisaTvis leCaqi iTvleboda

simbolod namusianobisa, patiosnebisa, zneobrivi siwmindisa, kaiqalobisa,

yovelgvari RirsebiT Semkulobisa. qarTvel qals saficrad hqonda

Tavisi leCaqi, roca undoda qals eTqva ― zneobrivad faqizi var,

uyvedrelio, ityoda: Tu namusis qudi mxuravs, rasac mogaxseneb,

sisworea, erTi bewo siyalbe ar ureviao (saxokia 1954, 61). qarT. Tavze

leCaqis axda || leCaqis moxda `Sercxvena, saxelis gatexa, Tavis moWra;

namusis axda (ityvian qalze)~ (oniani 1966, 73).

megr. qudiS faCua `qalis daniSvna qudis tyorcniT~ (qalis daniSvnis

mizniT vaJis mama an biZa jarobaze cekvisas quds esroda qals. Tu qalis

mSoblebi uars etyodnen, daajarimebdnen, qudi moxvda, ar gvataneno da

motacebas ecdebodnen. aqedanaa gamoTqma: qals qudi esrole da Tu ar

waiqca, gasaTxovrad momwifebulao)~ (qobalia 2010).

megr. qudiS ganSe gilarTumala || laz. papaxi &&&&anda || elaqTe&&&& moTumu

`Tavmomwoneoba~. zedmiw. `qudis gverdulad daxurva~. laz. qibii koCi

giTumes papaxi &&&&anda || elaqTe&&&&. `Tavmomwone kaci ixuravs quds

145

gverdulad~. Sdr. qarT. qudis daxurva gverdzeda `Tavmomwoneoba,

mxiarulad yofna, udardeloba (saxokia 1979, 694).

megr. qudi, laz. qudi || papaxi `qudi~:

megr. qudiSi gerTumala || papaxi geTumu `Rirsebis qona~. zedmiw. `qudis

daxurva~. megr. koCi Tina ‡ofe do qudi Tis genorTuenia `kaci is yofila

da qudi mas hxurebia~. laz. koCiTi en do papaxiTi gჲჲჲჲoTun `kacia da

qudic axuravs~ (Cveni masala). Sdr. qarT. kaci is aris da qudic imas

xuravs ìseTi adamiania, rom Rirsia qudis tarebisa, namdvili vaJkacia,

Rirseulia yvelafriT~ (saxokia 1979, 219). sainteresoa am idiomebis

Semcveli andazebi: megr. sodgia meuluni || meurquni, Teqiani qudi oko

girTveni || laz. so-na ida ჲჲჲჲeiSa, ekoni papaxi giTvaginon || qarT. sadac

waxval, iqauri qudi unda daixuro ìse unda moiqce, rogorc garemoebas

Seefereba.~ Sdr. megr. koCiSi qudi veg��gorTunia àr iqcevi vaJkacurad~.

qarT. uqudod siaruli `sasircxvilo, saZrax, saaugo saqmis Cadena~

(saxokia 1979, 636).

megr. qudicalo ekoWyvadua `bolos moReba~. zedmiw. `qudiviT

gadayola, damxoba, Sewirva~. qudicalo ekobWyvadudas! `qudiviT

davmxobiliyavi!~. am idiomis gasaanalizeblad mniSvnelovania erTi wes-

Cveuleba, romelic gavrcelebuli iyo saqarTveloSi: rameze ficis

micemis, an simarTlis danaxvebisaTvis icodnen qudis moxda da Zirs

damxoba da dataneba: ase damamxos RmerTma, Tu vtyuodeo. maSasadame,

igulisxmeboda, qudis Zirs dadebiT simarTles yvelasaTvis aSkarad

vxdio (saxokia 1979, 698). megr. qudi qudodvi (qˆ̂̂̂daxve) do samarTali

qoTqvia `sityvis kaci iyavi, aRiare, gamotydi, simarTle Tqvi~. Sdr. qarT.

qudi dasde da samarTali ise hqenio.

laz. papaxi Weჲჲჲჲs gemiZin àm ojaxSi fesvebi maqvs gamdgari, es Weri

Cemia~. zedmiw. `qudi Werze midevs~ (Cveni masala). Sdr. qarT. qudis kvra

WerSi ùzomo mxiaruleba; ojaxSi fesvebis gadgma.~ qudi caSi (WerSi) da

tanisamosi cecxlSi gadadioda `didi, uzomo, TavdaviwyebiTi

mxiaruleba~ (saxokia 1979, 695).

megr. caSa qudiS ‡‡‡‡oTama caSa Q|| laz. qudiSi caSa osTomilu || otkoCu

ùsazRvro sixaruli~. megr. caSa qu(‡)‡)‡)‡)oTi Cqimi qudi || laz. papaxi || qudi

146

caSa visToli `Zalian gavixare, vimxiarule~ (Cveni masala). || qudi caSa

&&&&ebtkoCi (vaniliSi, Tandilava 1984, 158). Sdr. qarT. qudi caSi visrole

`Zalian gavixare.~

megr. qomons qudi qigiorTua (|| Sdr. qomons oWiSi gaCanua) `qmars

uerTgula, karg gzaze daayena~. Sdr. qarT. qmars qudi daxurao ― ityvian

qmris erTgul qalze (saxokia 1979, 698).

megr. qomons qudi Seurcxvinua `qmari Searcxvina~. zedmiw. `qmars

saxeli Seurcxvina~. Sdr. qarT. qmars qudi mohxadao `Searcxvina, saxeli

gautexa, Tavi arsad gamoeyofa~. sainteresoa, rom Zvelad qarTvelebi

qudebs eklesiaSic ar moixdidnen. eklesiaSi uqudod dgoma qarTvelebma

daiwyes, albaT, XIX s.-is damdegidan (saxokia 1979, 698).

laz. qudiSi || qudi mowkimu || motkomilu `sircxvili, mwuxareba~.

zedmiw. `qudis moxsna~. oxorjaq koCis qudi qamowku `qalma kacs qudi

moxada (Searcxvina)~ (Cveni masala). oxorjaq eSi muTxani yu-qi, koCi muSis

qudi qamowku || qamotkoCu `qalma iseTi saqme Caidina, rom kacs qudi

moxada (Searcxvina)~ (Cveni masala).

megr. ca qudo mioCqˆ̂̂̂nia do dixa Cafˆ̂̂̂laTia || dixa kuCxis gilabunia

(`miwa fexze hkidiao~) _ qarT. ca qudad miaCnia da dedamiwa qalamnadao,

gadat. `aravisi da arafris ar eSinia., ase hgonia, imaze Zlieri aravin

iyos qveyanazed~ (T. saxokia, qarTuli xatovani sityva-Tqmani, 1979, gv. 799).

e ciras�� xioliT�� ca qudi afun do dixa Cafula `am ciras sixaruliT ca

qudad aqvs da miwa qalamnad (fexsacmlad)~ (i. yifS., gv. 78) (qajaia III:

557).

megr. qudami do uqude || laz. qudoloni do Áazmaloni `kaci da qali~.

zemiw. `qudiani da uqudo~. laz. Áazmalonefe dido tes qudolonefeSen

`qalebi kacebze meti iyvnen~ (Cveni masala). Sdr. qarT. qudiani (|| qudosani

― winaT udrida mamakacs. dRes qudosani gviqvia imisaTvis, visac qudi

hxuravs. qudi gxuravs? e. i arc ki getyoba vaJkacoba, Sens qcevas

vaJkacobis garda yvelaferi daerqmiso (saxokia 1979, 692)) da uqudo

`yvela, qali da kaci~ (saxokia 1979, 690).

megr. lamusiSi || namusiSi qudi giorTu || qarT. namusis qudi hxuravso

`kargi, zneobrivi adamiania.~ amis antonimia Semdegi idiomi: megr. dus

147

lafiSi qudi giorTunia || qarT. Tavs lafis qudi xuravs `Sercxvenilia~ .

Sdr. qarT. Tavs lafis qudi hxuravso, Tavlafis dasxma (saxokia 1979,

698). am frazeologizmis warmoSoba unda veZeboT im ritualSi, romelic

sruldeboda adamianis dasjisas. mas erqva `lafis dasxma Tavze~. Tavze

sqlad darCenili lafi warmoadgenda erTgvar sarqvels Tavisas anu

lafis quds. Sdr. qarT. Tavze lafis dasxma `galanZRva, gawbilva,

sajarod Sercxvena, saqveynod Seuracxyofa; saaSkaraoze gamotana visime

saaugo saqcielisa da uxamsobisa. es Tqma Cveni drois iuridiuli

terminic gaxlavT: Zvelad adamians adaT-CveulebaTa kanonebis, zneobis

principebis dauvcelobisaTvis mTeli sofeli asamarTlebda. soflis

mier misja ama Tu im sasjelisa da am ganaCenis uapelaciod asruleba

xdeboda soflis mierve. sasjelis erTi saxe iyo damnaSavisaTvis Tavze

lafis anu talaxis dasxma. damnaSave qals Tu kacs gamoiyvandnen soflis

Sesakrebel adgilze. aq isxdnen soflis moxucebuli da Tavi kacebi,

romelTac samarTliani adamianebis saxeli hqondaT. mowme an mowmeni

sayovelTaod daadasturebdnen dasasjelis danaSauls. soflis

mosamarTleni rom moismendnen naTqvams, Seafasebdnen TavianTi

Tanasoflelis mier Cadenil saZrax saqciels, dagmobdnen, cnobdnen

sasjelis Rirsad da ityodnen: Tavs lafi davasxaTo~! xalxi guguniT da

erTxmad bans miscemda: davasxaT, davasxaTo! daiwyeboda sasjelis

asrulebis procesi. damnaSave kacs quds moxdidnen, xolo Tu damnaSave

qali iyo ― mandils. qudisa da mandilis moxda rogorc erTisa, ise

meorisaTvis ukve Seadgenda did sasjels, romelic udrida TviT lafis

dasxmas. amis Semdeg yvela valdebuli iyo, mis Tavze lafi daesxa. Tu

wvimiani amindi ar iyo da lafi ar iSoveboda, xmeli miwa wyliT unda

aezilaT da talaxi ise daesxaT Tavze. Tu saxedari hyavdaT, damnaSaves

zed Sesvamdnen ukuRma, xelSiac kuds daaWerinebdnen da sofelSi

kardakar aatar-Caatarebdnen, iqac yvela mourideblad asxamda Tavze

lafs. aqedan warmoiSva sityva Tavlafdasxmuli anu lafdasxmuli,

romelic niSnavs sajarod Sercxvenils, augians, zneobrivad binZurs.

lafis dasxma qarTl-kaxeTSi am saukunis dasawyisSi gadavarda. imereTSi

gacilebiT adre unda iyos gadavardnili. samegreloSi sityva aris

darCenili, magram TviT sasjeli am 80 wlis winaT aravis agondeboda

148

(saxokia 1979, 220). am TvalsazrisiT sayuradReboa lazurSic

dadasturebuli gamoTqma: Tis talaxi || tolofi vagemofa àr

Semarcxvino~, zedmiw. `Tavze talaxi ar damasxa~.

laz. qudiSi okodvalu `SeTanxmeba~. zedmiw. `qudebis erTad dadeba

(erTmaneTze mideba)~. qudi okobdvaT do a&a dulia dopaT `saqme

saidumlod gavakeToT~ (Cveni masala).

megr. qudiSi kˆ̂̂̂no‡‡‡‡oTama `ramesTan, an vinmesTan kavSiris gawyveta~.

zedmiw. `qudis ukan mogdeba~.

megr. qudi `qudi~ || noCafulia `Zveli fexsacmeli~, laz. modvalu

`fexsacmeli~:

megr. ca qudo mioCqˆ̂̂̂nia do dixa noCafuliaT àravisi da arafris ar

eSinia.~ zedmiw. qarT. ca qudad miaCnia da dedamiwa qalamnadao. megrulSi

gvxvdeba seTi gamoTqmac: sqani noCafulia va voreq `Seni abuCad asagdebi,

gamosayenebeli, abuCad asagdebi ar var.~ zedmiw. `Seni fexsacmeli ar

var~. am mxriv sainteresoa lazurSi dadasturebuli modvalusTeÁ

qomogidume ` gaganadgureb, gagTelav~. zedmiw. `fexsacmeliviT Cagicvam~.

megr. baSlayi `yabalaxi~:

megr. baSlayiS gumaSqumala `glova~. zedmiw. `yabalaxis wveris

CamoSveba~ (qobalia 2010).

megr. nabadi `nabadi~:

saerTod, saqarTveloSi nabadi ZvelTaganve aucilebel atributs

warmoadgenda adamianisaTvis. is vaJkacobisa da siZlieris simbolo iyo.

is gvxvdeba idiomebSi.

megr. nabadiT vare rTvili qi��anava àraferi daimaleba~. zedmiw.

`nabdiT araa gadaxuruli qveyanao~ (saxokia 1979, 254).

megr. nabadiSoro mikofinua `simravle (raRacis an viRacis)~. zedmiw.

`nabadiviT mifena~. nabadiSoro mikofinudua koCi `nabadiviT iyoo

mofenili xalxi~ (qajaia II, 2002).

megr. nabadiSoro mikoZˆ̂̂̂dua kunTxus ùyuradRebod, usulo saganiviT

iyo migdebuli~. zedmiw. nabadiviT iyo miyudebuli kuTxeSi (Cveni masala).

megr. nabadiacalo miko‡‡‡‡oTama ùyuradRebod mitoveba~. zedmiw. `Zveli,

uvargisi nabadiviT migdeba~. nabadiacalo qimka‡‡‡‡oTua Cilˆ̂̂̂ do squa || skua

149

`aRar zrunavs col-Svilze (Zveli, uvargisi nabadiviT miagdoo col-

Svili)~.

megr. ma do Cqimi nabadia `mTeli Cemi SesaZleblobiT aqa var~. zedmiw.

`me da Cemi nabadio~.

megr. osare `perangi~:

megr. osareS miSnabad-i `bednieri~. zedmiw. `perangiT dabadebuli~

(qobalia 2010).

megr. o��aleSi || o��ale `sayelo~, laz. yaliSi || Áaqa :

megr. o��aleSis alacima `SimSilobis wlebSi sufridan SinwasaReb

saWmels iparavdnen da sayelodan iyridnen ubeSi~. aqedan warmoiSva

gamoTqma: o��aleSis alacima `sayeloSi micviva, e. i. ugemurad,

naqurdaliviT vWam, damnaSaved vgrZnob Tavso~ (qobalia 2010).

megr. o��aleSiS gosofua `sakinZis Camogleja~. glovis niSnad sakinZes,

perangis sayelos Camoglejdnen, guls gaiReRdnen dasamjiRad (qobalia

2010).

megr. o��aleSiS elafarTxua || laz. yaliSi || ჲჲჲჲaqa ofaTxu `sayelos

amoferTxva~. avbediTobis Jams sufraze naparavs sayelodan, sakinZedan

iyridnen ubeSi, amitom sayelos amoferTxviT amtkicebdnen, naqurdali

ara maqvso. gadataniT niSnavs: am saqmeSi ubralo varo~ (qobalia 2010).

laz. man &a koCiSen yaliSi || &&&&aqa do&&&&faTxi `me im kacisgan sayelo

daviferTxe~. qarT. sayelos amobertyva `risame mocilebis niSani,

borotsa da siaves ganrideba, udanaSaulod aRiareba Tavisa~ (saxokia

1979, 557).

megr. o‡‡‡‡aleSi || o‡‡‡‡ale efSa mafu 1)B`bevri movaleoba makisria~.

zedmiw. `sayelo savse maqvs~.

megr. ortyafu, laz. otkafu || kaiSi `sartyeli~:

megr. ortyafu molafiri afu || ortyafu malu || m��Tmal�� || laz. otkafu

qagosTveetu || qageloleetu `moSiebuli iyo~. zedmiw. `sartyeli

Zvreboda~. laz. eko mSqironeri tu-qia, otkafu qagosTveetu ||

qageloleetu `iseTi mSieri iyo, sartyeli Cavardnoda~ (Cveni masala).

Sdr. qarT. qamris dakargva. gadat. `Zalze moSieba (roca kaci didi xnis

150

uWmelia, muceli romelzedac qamari artyia, xerxemlisaken Seiwevs, ase

rom, misi qamari gauCinardeba, ikargvis)~ (saxokia 1979, 673).

megr. ortyafucalo qˆ̂̂̂goikarkatanq�� || qˆ̂̂̂goi‡‡‡‡oTanqˆ̂̂̂ xeSa || laz. xes

kaÁSisTeÁ qogogikiaf `gaganadgureb, dagimorCileb.~ zedmiw. `qamariviT

dagixvev xelze~. laz. dido moRaRalaf-qi, xes kaÁSisTeÁ qogogikiaf

`bevrs rom malaparakeb, xelze sartyeliviT dagixvev~ (Cveni masala).

megr. pinti `WinWi~ || pilatoki `cxvirsaxoci~:

megr. pintiSi miokirali `mniSvnelovani, gasaTvaliswinebeli~. zedmiw.

WinWSi gamosakravi~. pintiSi miokirali sqani naragadi || qarT. WinWSi

gamosakravi misi naTqvami `Wkviani laparaki icis mavanma, misi naTqvami

unda daimaxsovros kacma cxovrebaSi saxelmZRvanelod~ (saxokia 1979, 891).

amave mniSvnelobiT megrulSi ixmareba pilatok��Sa miokirali. sqani

naragadi pilatok��Sa renia miokirali `Seni naTqvami cxvirsaxocSia

gasaxvevi, e. i. sayuradReboa~.

megr. Ziqva || Salvari || Saluari || SaÁvari `Sarvali~:

megr. Ziqvemef-i do kabamef-i `kacebi da qalebi~. zedmiw. `Sarvlianebi

da kabianebi~ (qobalia 2010).

megr. Ziqva molafir-i `gaRletili~ . zedmiw. `SarvalCaCaCuli; unifxvo

(qobalia 2010).

megr. Ziqvamo onTxoral-i `SarvliT dasamarxi (wyevlis formula,

sudara ar gRirsebodeso, sudara saSiSvlo iyo, xelmokle Wirisufali

mkvdars imiT marxavda, rac ecva, an Cacmuls odnav waafarebda sasudro

naWers)~ (qobalia 2010).

megr. Ziqvas || Sarvals eSe ga/emgonwˆ̂̂̂ynqˆ ˆ ˆ ˆ `saswauls dagmarTeb,

SeuZlebels gagikeTeb~. zedmiw. `Sarvals zemodan, kabasaviT gagxdi~.

megr. jibe `jibe~ _ laz. jebe || jeb-i:

megr. jibe efSa || gokasili || laz. jebe ÁofSa || ntkabeÁ. `mdidari, bevri

fulis patroni~. zedmiw. `jibesavse, gatenili~. laz. xamfoni &en, jebe

&&&&ofSa uRun karTa ndRas `mdidaria, jibe sul savse aqvs~ (Cveni masala).

Sdr. qarT. jibegatenili `mdidari, bevri fulis patroni~ (saxokia 1979,

952).

151

megr. jibeSi alaxunafa || laz. jebes doloxunu `motyueba, jobna~.

zedmiw. `jibeSi Casma~. megr. jibeSa qalaixunuanq || laz. jebes

qodologixunaf `jibeSi Cagisvam~. Sdr. qarT. jibeSi Casma (visime)

`motyueba, gacrueba, jobna rame saqmeSi, upiratesoba WkuiT, SeZlebiT,

RoniT, codniT~ (saxokia 1979, 953).

megr. jibewkˆ̂̂̂ma ukarsaT voreqˆ̂̂̂ ùfulod var, ver davixarjebi~. zedmiw.

`jibesTan ukacravad var~. Sdr. qarT. jibesTan ukacravad yofna

`xelmokleoba, ufuloba~ (saxokia 1979, 952).

megr. jibeSa moqanCafa || laz. jebes xe nonkapu `fulis daxarjva,

gacema~. zedmiw. `jibeze xelis gakvra~. megr. aba jibeSa qimiqanCeva! àba

jibeze gaikari xelio!~ laz. jebes xe qoninkapu, &azma qegoWofa&a, ma

&azma mu paminon, kokona gofTa minon `jibeze xeli gaikra, Tavsafars

giyidio, me Tavsafars ra vuyo, koxtad minda viaro (Cveni masala). Sdr.

qarT. jibes gaikar xelia! gadat. `fuli gaeci _ masesxe, an momeci~

(saxokia 1979, 952). Sdr. megr. Aariqa, jibeSa xeq vegertas! zedmiw. àriqa,

jibisken xeli ar gageqces!~ am sityvebiT SeiZleba adamiani siZunweSi

amxilon an, piriqiT, Seagulianon, an waaqezon sikeTis gasakeTeblad.

laz. jebe boSi `jibecarieli~. xegonTxime& koCis jebe biTTum boSi

uRun `xelgaSlil kacs jibe yovelTvis carieli aqvs~. Sdr. megr.

kompoziti: jibecarieli ìd~ da qarT. jibes baraqa ver mohkida

`metismetad mxarjvelia, araferi ar gaaCnia~ (saxokia 1979, 952).

laz. jebe gamaxaeli `Rataki~. Sdr. megr. jibegorxvili

`jibegaxvretili~ da qarT. jibegaxvretili `Rataki; visac jibeSi fuli

ar uCerdeba~ (saxokia 1979, 952).

laz. jebe gamafaTxeÁ àrafris mqone~. zedmiw. `jibe gamoferTxili~.

umuTeli &en, jeba gamafaTxe&&&& gulun ùarafroa, jibegamoferTxili

(carieli) dadis~. Sdr. megr. jibefarTxili `jibe gamoferTxili~ (Cveni

masala).

megr. jibeSa Wuki afu alaRureli àraferi ar gaaCnia~. zedmiw. `jibeSi

Tagvi hyavs Camkvdari~. Sdr.A qarT. jibeSi Tagvebi uTamaSeben.

megr. jibeSi gokasua `bevri fulis Sovna, gamdidreba~. zedmiw. qarT.

jibis gatena (saxokia 1979, 312).

152

saanalizo leqsikuri erTeulebi sainteresoa enaTmecnieruli,

eTnografiuli, lingvokulturologiuri TvalsazrisiT. isini formobriv

da semantikur Sesatyvisebs avlenen qarTul saliteraturo enasa da

dialeqtebSi dadasturebul idiomebTan, Tumca zogjer semantikuri

mniSvneloba gadaweulia.

daskvniTi debulebebi

1) samoselTan dakavSirebuli leqsika sakmao sisruliT aris

warmodgenili megrul-lazurSi. masala dajgufda semantikuri jgufebis

mixedviT da, Sesabamisad, gamoiyo sami Tavi. TiToeul qveTavSi gamoiyo

qveTavebi da paragrafebi. I Tavi – samoseli, Seicavs eqvs qveTavs: I

qveTavi - tanisamosi. am monakveTSi masala sakmaod vrclad aris

warmodgenili rogorc megrulSi, aseve lazurSi. mocemul qveTavSi

Sedis eqvsi paragrafi: $ 1. tanisamosis aRmniSvneli zogadi saxelebi; $ 2.

tanisamosis saxeobebi; $ 3. SigniTa samosi; $ 4. zeda samosi; $ 5. qveda

samosi; $ 6. mosasxami, mosacmeli.

II qveTavi - fexsamosi. is Seicavs or ZiriTad paragrafs: $ 1 fexsamosi

da $ 2. windebi. ganxiluli aris fexsamosis zogadi saxelwodebebi da

konkretuli saxeobebi.

III qveTavi – Tavsaburavi. masala aqac vrclad aris warmodgenili. is

Seicavs or ZiriTad paragrafs: $ 1. Tavsaburavis aRmniSvneli zogadi

terminebi da $ 2. Tavsaburavis aRmniSvneli konkretuli terminebi.

mocemul paragrafebsac gaaCnia qvejgufebi: 1-li Tavsafari da misi

saxeobani da me-2 qudi da misi saxeebi.

IV qveTavi – samoslis nawilebi. is Sicavs or ZiriTad paragrafs: $ 1.

samoslis nawilebi, romelSic ganxilulia: tanisamosis, fexsamosis,

Tavsaburavis nawilebi da $ 2. samoslis Sesakravebi; sartylebi. masala

aqac vrclad aris warmodgenili.

V qveTavi – samoseli formisa da ragvarobis mixedviT. masSi

ganxiluli aris forma samoslisa, kerZod, tanisamosisa, fexsamosisa,

Tavsaburavisa. masalidan gamomdinare, tanisamosi ZiriTadad iyo sruli,

153

grZeli. garda wyaroebSi asaxuli masalisa, SeZlebisdagvarad,

Tanamedrove samoslis saxeobac aRiwera. suraTi sakmaod gansxvavebulia,

rogorc formis, aseve daniSnulebis mixedviTac.

VI qveTavi –samoslis masala. am qveTavSi aRwerili da gaanalizebuli

aris, Tu ra masala aris gamoyenebuli samoslis sawarmoeblad. aqac

monacemebi sakmaod vrcelia. samoslis sawarmoeblad masalad SeiZleba

gamoyenebuli iyos: Zafi, qsovili, tyavi, mcenare, matyli. aRniSnuli

masalis sxvadasxva saxeoba gamoiyofa.

II Tavi – samoslis `CacmasTan~ da `gaxdasTan~ dakavSirebuli sityvebi.

es Tavi asaxavs tanisamosis, fexsamosis Cacma-gaxdis, Tavsaburavis

daxurva-moxdis, samkaulebiT morTvis aRvniSvnel leqsikur erTeulebs.

masalis analizisas gaTvaliswinebulia Cacmis niuansebi – zogadad,

Cacma, morgeba, Cazomeba, moxdeniloba. Cacmis manera damokidebuli aris

samoslis formaze, xarisxze. am TvalsazrisiT, mocemul jgufSi

Semavali saxelebi metad sainteresoa.

III Tavi _ samoselTan dakavSirebuli leqsika megrul-lazur

frazeologizmebSi. samoselTan dakavSirebuli leqsika gamovlenili

aris frazeologizmebSi. samosels adamianis cxovrebaSi gansakuTrebuli

mniSvneloba eniWeboda odiTganve. is adamianis Sinagani mdgomareobis,

eris sulieri da materialuri kulturuli yofis, Semecnebisa da

azrovnebis gamoxatulebas warmoadgenda. es yofa kargad aris asaxuli

frazeologizmebSi. sayrden sityvebad am mimarTulebiT gamovyaviT

megrul-lazuri leqsikuri erTeulebi. mag.: megr. kaba – laz. forka; megr.

o��aleSi `sayelo~ - laz. yaliSi (id.) da a. S.

2) masalis struqturuli analizis Sedegad gamovlinda martivi da

rTuli sityvebi. gvaqvs erT-, or-komponentiani sityvebi, Sesityvebebi.

mawarmoeblebis TvalsazrisiT, gamoiyofa: sakuTriv megrul-lazuri,

qarTuli da nasesxebi afiqsebi; nanaTesaobiTari saxelebi.: megr. barWo-Si

(nabdis saxeobaa. zedmiw. `nabdisa~). doloqunu-Si `tansacmeli~ zedmiw.

`tansacmlisa~;

3) masalaSi gamovlinda: sinonimebi, myari Sesityvebebi, evfemizmebi,

gadataniTi mniSvnelobis sityvebi;

154

4) gamovlinda erTeulebi, romlebic saliteraturo qarTulis

meSveobiT aris damkvidrebuli megrul-lazurSi;

5) gamoiyofa erTeulebi, romlebic, erTi mxriv, dialeqtebSi

dasturdeba da, meore mxriv. megrul-lazuri enobrivi masala aris

warmodgenili dialeqtebSi;

6) gamovlinda saerToqarTveluri fuZeebi (qarT. mos- (mos-va : megr.

mors- || mos- (mors-ua || mos-ua) laz. mos- (mos-vei) `Cacmuli, gamowyobili~;

qarT. bab-l-i `sabanze Sekerili samkuTxa saxe~: laz. bob-i `sacvlis ube~)

da ucxo warmomavlobis sityvebi. dasturdeba sparsulidan, arabulidan,

berZnulidan, rusulidan, Turqulidan, osuridan Semosuli sityvebi. zog

SemTxvevaSi sxva enobriv monacemebTan mimarTebaa gamoxatuli. bevria

lazurSi Turqulis gziT SeTvisebuli leqsika. samoselTan

dakavSirebuli axali terminebi SeTvisebulia qarTuli saliteraturo

enidan an rusulidan;

7) gamovlinda sityvebi, romlebic: 1) uSualod gamoxataven sakvlev

erTeulTa Zireul semantikas; 2) sityvebi, romelTac udasturdebaT sxva

amosavali mniSvnelobebi, magram am jgufebSic Semodis sakvlevi obieqtis

aRwerilobis gamosaxatavad an garkveuli niuansis ufro zustad Tu

zedmiwevniT gadmosacemad da iZens terminis funqcias;

8) warmodgenil sxvadasxva jgufSi Semavali leqsikuri erTeulebi

zogjer semantikurad kveTen erTmaneTs;

9) gamoiyofa nazmnari da nasaxelari sityvebi;

10) samoslis Cacmisa da gaxdis semantikur jgufSi gamoiyofa iseTi

saxelebi, romelTac sawyisi an piriani formebi ar ewarmoebaT;

11) samoslis ferebSi Warbobs: TeTri, Talxi, iisferi, wiTeli,

samgloviaro ferad – Savi;

12) samoslis forma mniSvnelovani aris eTnografiuli TvalsazrisiT.çç

155

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165

gaanalizebul fuZeTa indeqsi

megruli

a

abJandi 68

abJo 22

abJu 22

aziacki 40

azRoti 68

aTa�unafali 21, 68

aknamosa 94

anafara 34

anafora 34

aJurni TaTmani 53

aramcelia 56

areSumi 94

afxazur-i Sarvali 32

awakirali 68

awarTumalari 54

awaforali 68

axaluxi 28

axaÁuxi 28

b

baikarti 69

balaRi 41

baletka 41

bandaJi 22

bandi 78

bandili 41

banti 78

bargi 6

bargobua 6

bartyi 69

barWo 34

barWoSi 34

barWoS nabadi 34

basanoCka 41

batinka 41

baSlayvi 64

baSlayu 64

baSlay� 64

baSmakefi 41

baSჲa�u 64

baCuCi 41

baCxaCxia 41

bedani 69

belio 22

bereti 65

berwkinte 42

betki 70

166

beWedi 82

biwkantia 41

bilio 22

biniSi 34

birdu-bardu 10

biwkali 41

biwki 41

bluza 28

boa 70

boti 42

boRazi 76

boworia 64

bowowami qudi 64

bowowiS-i qudi 64

boxoxi 63

boxoxia 63

boxoxi qudi 63

brezrazmeraSi TaTmani 53

bua 70

bugi 42

buTa 104

burua 118

burTuli Cafla 40

buxariSi qudi 64

g

gagurkla 56

gagurjela 56

gagurj�la 56

gadiduli 10

galeiani mukaqunali 34

galeni ginaqunali 34

galeni mukaqunali 34

galife Sarvali 32

gamaSi 52

gamorsali 8

gargueba 58

gargunjela 56

gargunjia 56

gargunjua 56

gargujela 56

garozi 34

gaurjela 56

gaforafali 35

gaqunali 35

gaxvaxvali 54

gebiZgafa 118

gezimafa 118

genwkilua 120

gerTumala 118

getatafa 121

getri 52

167

gvabana 35

gvegveria niCvami Cafla 51

gvigvali niCvami Cafla 51

gimeiani 31

gimeiani kaba 31

ginaqunali 34

ginoqvenji 8, 35

ginoqvinji 35

giorTumalari 54

giotatafali 55

gioqunali 55

godg�mili TaTmani 53

gogra 94

gojvanjua 106

gurgini 65

d

dabali kiserami jempri 30

daraia 56

daqunali 7

dvala 37

dinaxle milaqunali 21

dinaxleni bargi 21

dinoxleni bargi 21

doforua 107

dudiSi gaxvaxvali 54

dudiSi giorTumalari 54

dudiSi giotatafali 55

dudiSi gioxuafali 55

dudiS-i gio�oTamali 55

dudiS-i ki/k�nakirali 55

e

eiobinali 70

elamorsa 56

elamosa 10

elastiki 52

emaxuWi 78

espadreli 42

eSeiani 27

v

vala 61

valniki 42

varadniki 70

varandiki 70

vitiaSka 42

z

zmeika 78

zorti 79

168

T

TavSali 56

TaT{i}mani 52

TaT�mani 52

Tirua 23

Tudoni aTaqunali 21

Txiami 42

Txilamuri 42

i

inarCafali 76

iubka 31

iuka 31

k

kaba 10

kabami 10

kakam Cafla 40

kakila 82

kakula 56, 57

kakulari 57

kakuli 57

kalatozi 42

kaloSki 42

kanTari 25

kaniS Cafla 40

kaniS Cafula 40

kanti 77

kanCafila 40

kanCafla 40

kanCafula 40

kapuWi 35

karTe 70

kasinka 57

kastumi 28

kaSni 61

kepka 65

ketefi 42

kie 70

kieami 70

kile 70

kileami 70

ki/k�nakirali 55

kinki 70

kirua 55

kiserami jempri 30

kiseriSi giTadvalari 61

kiseriSi g�Tadvalari 61

kiseriSi giTakirali 61

kiseriSi g�Takirali 61

kitei 29

kiteli 29

169

kifiS osare 24

koTxunji 43

kondra 51

konki 70

konwolam qudi 64

koroxiSi kaba 12

kowoli 77

koWilulu 35

koxunji 43

kraveliS qudi 64

kruJaoami qica 59

kudei 70

kudeli 70

kunta TaTmani 42, 53

kurTa 22, 23

kurTa kirkintami 22

kurTa kunta 22

kurTa ofaxvalaia 22

kurTa paWanakami 22

kurTa upaWanako 22

kurTa xuWili 22

kuCxiSi TaTmani 52

kuCxiSi madvalari 38

kuCxCafulami 39

kuCx�modvali 38

kuCx�modvalu/� 38

l

labartyia qurami Caf�la 52

laguji 12

lakolka 57

lanCa 43

larCemi 43

larCimi 43

lasti 43

lastefi 43

lafarTia Caf�la 52

leniSi 23

leqeCi 57

leCeqi 57

libadi 35

lifi 23

lifu 23

lobidani 12

liba 70

luba 70

l�ba 70

m

magu 43

maguia 43

magunia 43

madvalari 37

170

madilosani 60

mad�losani 60

maTirali 23

maika 23

manja 70

marwkindi 83

maska 57

matatia 43

matatafali 43

mafori 34

maqunali 34

maSaia 43

maSi 43

maSia 43

maCarxafali 44

mesTi 44

mesti 44

meSi 40

meSini 40

meSiSi Cafla 40

mikaqvenji 7

milaqunali 21

mila�unafali 21

moTiru 23

montyori 104

montyoriSi qudi 64

moJvilua 130

morsua || mosua 113

mortyafa 131

mosasxan 35

motatafa 43

mofirfiCua 133

mukaqvenji 7

mukaqunali 7

mukozimafa 109

mukonwkilua 110

mukonwy�ma 128

mukoJvilua 128

mukorRvafa 128

mukoqunali 7

mukoZvaZvafa 112

mukoWonWua 111

m�kaqunali 7

n

nabadi 35

nabadiaSi qudi 64

nabadami 35

naTi 70

narCakuCxi 76

naski 53

naCa 76

171

noqicia 58

noRarSia 47

noCeqmia 47

noCxarkia 48

o

obawkaia 44

obinali 71

oboxua 44

oboxuaS gerina 44

oburali 55

ozgilitaia 40

ozgilitaia Cafla 40

oTxkunTxuri qica 59

oTxkunTxuri qurami Caf�la 52

olari 71

olafarTe 59

oma/oTirali 23

omaTire 23

omorguale 58

omorgualo qica 58

omorsali 8

omosali 8

orgaSe 58

orgaSe qica 58

ortafi 36

ortafi-SarSafi 36

orSvalefi 44

orCofexi 45

osare 23

osare baba�iSi 24

osare baiburiSi 24

osare gadiduliS 24

osare do kurTa 24

osare do muSi amxanagi 24

osare uo�aleSe 24

oserafalo 24

osare fsuSi 2

osare Carqami 24

osare jamfeziSi 24

osaria 24

oqaqalaia kaba 87

oyoraia kaba 89

oCokuCxi 45

oCxanie qudi 65

o�ale 71

o�aleSi 71

p

palto 12

paWanaki 76

paWiWi 45

piJamo 25

172

piji 71

plaSi 12

J

Jaketi 12

Jidoiani 27

Jidoiani mikaqunali 27

Jidoni 27

r

ranti 45

rguala 58

reituzi 25

rkinaSi osare 23

rubaSka 29

rubaSqa 29

ruSqo 71

rRia 71

rSvil-osare 24

s

sabo 45

saboia 45

sagulo 25

sagurguno 58

sakidiro 13

sak�d�ro 13

salabo qica 59

salafarTo 59

samge 45

samorgualo qica 58

saroCka 29

sarRio 71

sarCuli 71

safulaqo 71

satina 95

saqilo 72

saRamuri 24

saRamuri osare 24

saCxanio qudi 65

sacveTi 45

sajinje 77

sumkunTxuri qica 58

suS osare 24

t

talavari 8

talma 29

tanisamosi 8

tan(i) do kuCx-i 8

tanmikoqvenji 7

tan-mukoqvenji 7

tatabia 46

tatuci 65

173

tetiaSi qudi 64

toloma 36

tol�ma 36

tufl-basanoCka 46

tufli 46

tyebi 101

u

uba 70

uquro Caf�la 52

uCanabadami 35

uCaRarTami 13

uSanka qudi 64

f

farTxvaia qudi 64

fata 58

fafanaki 13

fayu 65

faCuCi 46

forCa 29

fostali 46

fota 71

foCvam-i qica 58

foCiSi 46

foCoCam-i qica 58

q

qalamani 46

qeCa 36

qila 72

qica 58

qosala 46

qoSi 46

quba 72

qudi 63

qulaja 13

quni 36

quni do RarTi 14

qunCa 36

qunCari 36

qunCi 36

qurami madvalari 52

qurami Cafla 52

qurqi 13

q�nzi 29

q�nCi 29

q�nC� 29

R

Razi 59

RarTa 13

RarTami 13

174

RarTa-RarTa 13

RarTi 13

RarTi do kaba 14

RarTi do nabadi 14

RarTi do Ziqva 14

RarTiS kare 14

RarSia 47

RaSia 47

y

yabalaxi 65

yanTari 25

yaraozi 59

yayabi 47

yayafi 47

yruJaoami qica 59

yurJaoami qica 59

S

Salvari 31

Sali 60

Saluari 31

Sarfi 60

SarSabi 59

Sa&vari 31

Semuxi 53

Sineli 14

Sliapa 65

Slopancef/bi 47

Sonuri qudi 64

Suzefi 47

Suzi 47

Sumuxi 53

SqverTi 80

Sxu qurami Caf�la 52

C

Cakaboxu 47

Caraqa 26

Careqam osare 25, 26

Carqam osare 26

Careqi 26

Carqi 72

CarxiaA44

Cafia 39

Cafila 39

Cafla 39

Cafla SxuriSi 40

Cafla Wabruli 40

Cafla xuWili 40

Cafula 39

Caf�la 39

Caqi 72

175

Ceqma 47

CeSi 26

Cixtikopi asali 56

Coxa 14

CoxaSi 14

Custi 47

CxanaSi qudi 65

Cxaputia 48

Cxarki 48

CxviCxvi 73

CxiCxveli qica 60

c

carcki 48

caxorci 59

caxoci 59

cibliki 48

cilindri 65

Z

ZafeZia 66

Zewkvi 83

Zia 83

Ziqva 32

Z�qva 32

w

waRa 48

weli 73

wvandami Caf�la 51

wkventami Caf�la 51

wkventuri caxoci 58

wveturi caxoci 58

wuRa 48

wuRazi 48

wuRaziS Cafla 48

wuRa-mesti 48

W

Wapu 80

WiliSi qudi 64

Wife qurami Caf�la 52

Wyvintiani yabalaxi 66

x

xabarda 26

xabardami 12

xalaTi 15

xarTa 80

xeforCa 73

xeSi TaTmani 15

xeS�TaTmani 15

176

xvanjari 81

xuafa 55

xurxami jempri 30

j

jempri 30

jibe 73

jigania 15

jorabi 49

jurabi 49

jRarki 49

��

�oTama 55

177

lazuri

a

avji CeqeTi 18

az&atski 49

akleTi 16

akleti 16

alwa 52

anTeri 30

anTeroni 30

anTeÁ 30

atketi 16

axomi 52

aÁazma 63

b

baSlu 66

baSluRi 66

baSmayani 49

bluza 30

bobi 74

bobRi 74

borCxali 49

boxoxi 66

boxCa 66

burza 30

g

galiфe 33

gebumu 134

gebunafale 84

gekarTu 117

geJaqunuSi 27

gerCafule 74

gewkimu 131

gejaluRi 19

gejeluRi 19

gejenluRi 19

godvaloni 84

gokiru 122

golabRafa 132

goTvalu 55

gokidu 134

golфi 33

gonZiqu 117

gorCalu 74

gorCu 117

gotkafu 81

gotkimale 32

gotkimu 32

goSadvalu 132

178

goCablu 90

gowaki(r)u 74

gowakorale 74

goÁonqunaSe 27

gur-piji 74

d

dada-kaka 84

dirili 98

dolodrawu 118

doloqunale 8

doloquni 8

doloqunu 8, 117

doloxe doloqunuSi 21

doloxeni 21

doloxeni gejeluRi 26

doni 26

dorki 90

duaRi 61

duvaRi 61

duzi Sarvali 33

e

elbise 16

eTvafa 122

eJaqunuSi 27

eSkaqunaSe 26

eÁonqunaSe 27

v

vala 49

valinki 49

z

zipa 81

zipka 32

zupina 16

T

Tabla 61

TavSali 61

TaTmani 19

Taqia 66

Teliki 74

Telikefe 74

Texeli 49

TiTxu wineki 53

Ti moJakiuSi 61

Tis golakiuSi 61

TiSi g&oTumale 55

Tis eJoTvalu 55

Tis eÁoTvala 55

TozloRani 53

Toka 81

Txelamure 49

Txilamure 51

179

i

iJdoni 26

iubka 32

iSdoni 26

iSToni 26

k

kabalaxuntka 36

kavuxi 66

kazi 61

kaTandReri doloquna 8

kalambi 74

kalafaRi 66

kalive 33

kalife 33

kaloSi 49

kaloS-foTini 49

kalfaRi 66

kapoti 16

kapWini 50, 53

kasTumi 30

kasinka 57

katiri 50

kauxa 66

kiki 36

kikili 16

kirki 36

kiteli 31

konki 75

kofta 31

kowankoru 74

kowoTvala 74

kowoTvalu 74

ko�ta 31

ko�Ta 31

kukula 66

kule 33

kule SarvaÁ 33

kurTa 22, 26

kurTaste 26

kuCxe meSaCu 127

kuCxeSi modvalu/i 38

kuCxeSi modvaluSi 38

kuCxeSi motkuSi 53

kuCxi 75

l

labada 16, 36

laTinka 81

lastiki 50

lastiRi 50

libadi 16, 36

180

m

mandili 61

manTo 17

mawkindi 84

mbela 75

mgaaSi moTvaluSi 62

mendikoni 75

mendili 62

meJakiu 123

mesTi 50

mesti 50

meSamalu 127

meSaqunu 21, 26

meSaqunuSi 21

meSkanqunu 26

mecigu 134

midi 50

milaxiSe 21

mindali 84

mkule 33

mkule SarvaÁ 33

modvalu 38

modvaluSi 38

modvaluSi nena 77

modvaluSi Cxvindi 77

moTvalu 55, 62

moTvaluSi 55, 62

moTumale 62

moTumuSi 62

moni 84

montkori 104

monqTuru 26, 129

moJaqunuSi 27

mos- 114

mosTimu 129

motkale 82

moqTiruSi 23

moqunu 17

moqunuSi 27

moZin 134

mowifxu 118

mowkimu 129

mowyvinu 118

mJoraSi qudi 67

mJuaSi qudi 67

muJvokirale 62

mSali 62

mCoxa 18

n

nalini 50

nalConi 50

naski 53

181

o

oba 75

okonaru 133

ombriSumi 100

omuzluRi 75

oqTuru 26

owkimu 133

p

palto 17

papaxi 67

papuwi 50

pintola 75

piJama 17, 25

piSTimale 75

podia 75

r

ruza 30

s

saroCka 31

safoRi 50

safoxi 50

semsiferi 67

serdoloqunali 19

serdoloqunuSi 19

seÁ doloqunuSi 19

sulei 103

t

tkebi 101

topWa 86

torvela 33

toti mkule 18

u

uba 75

uruba 8

uZiru 50

f

falasqa 75

falTo 17

falTu 17

faloTefe 75

falto 17

fata 62

fafaRi 67

fafaxi 67

ferde 62

feSi 75

feCe 62

foTeÁ 67

182

foTini 50

foTini kaloSi 49

fonToloni 33

fonTuli 33

fontuli 33

forka 17

forCa 17, 31

forCasTe 31

fosTali 51

fostali 51

q

qalaman 51

qalman 51

qaCula 67

qelmani 51

qena 75

qontra 51

qudi 66

qudiSi kukuti 78

qui 77

quoloni modvalu 52

quri 77

quroni 52

qurqi 18

qCeoni 19

qCe-forConi 19

qConi 19

qÁurqi 18

R

Ralajiji 76

y

yali 75

yaliSi 75

yujiSi 85

S

Savali 32

Savka 67

SaTxi 62

Salvari 32

Sapka 67

Saraxi 32

Sarvali 32

SarvaÁ 32

Safka 67

Sarфi 62

Saфka 67

Sibi 33, 82

Sibiloni Salvari 33

Ska 75

Subara 67

183

Sqa 75

SqaS Jin doloqunu 27

Skawale 18

C

Cabla 39

Cadri 62

Carketi 18

CarkeCi 18

CarCab 63

Castara 51

Cafla 39

Cafula 39, 49

Cepqeni 37

CeqeTi 18

Cize 51

Cizme 51

CiTi 101

Coni 19

Coxa 18

Coxa-Ziqva 18

c

cilindri 67

Z

Zikva 32

Ziminji 82

ZinZola 91

Ziqva 32

Ziqva-axaluxi 33

Ziфa 32

w

wangi 51

wikva 32

windeqi 54

wineki 54

wineqi 54

wuRa 48, 51

wuRazi 51

W

Wak-Wirina 33

Wefri 103

Wilobi 67

x

xaTaTmani 19

xalaTi 18

xamaili 82

xanjula 62

184

xasa 62

xase 62

xasiri 67

xe 76

xegamalu 129

xeoni 76

xedeki 51

xediki 51

xe-TaTi 19

xelajiji 76

xenWali 76

xerTeSi 18

xeforCa 76

xeS-TaTi 19

xeSi TaTmani 19

xika 18

xirka 18

xCeoni 19

j

jan- фesi 67

jebe 75

jibi 75

jeqeTi 18

jubbe 37

h

hilanjuRi 85

hijabi 63

Á

Áazma 63

ÁaluRi 63

ÁamCi 36

ÁamWi 36

Áaqa 75

ÁaRluRi

ÁeleRi 26

��

�anela 31

�ata 62

фesi 67

�oga 17

�ogina 17

�oka 17

�orka 17

�orkaSi �uji 76

�oteri 67

�raki 17

�tili 75

185

sarCevi

Sesavali________________________________________________________ 2

Tavi I. samoseli _________________________________________________ 5

I qveTavi. tanisamosi _____________________________________________ 5

$ 1. tanisamosis aRmniSvneli zogadi saxelebi ______________________ 5

$ 2. tanisamosis saxeobebi_________________________________________ 9

$ 3. SigniTa samosi_______________________________________________ 21

$ 4. zeda samosi ________________________________________________ 27

$ 5. qveda samosi ________________________________________________ 31

$ 6. mosasxami, mosacmeli ________________________________________ 33

II qveTavi. fexsamosi ____________________________________________ 37

$ 1. fexsamosi___________________________________________________ 37

III qveTavi. Tavsaburavi___________________________________________ 54

$ 1. Tavsaburavis aRmniSvneli zogadi terminebi_____________________ 54

$ 2. Tavsaburavis aRmniSvneli konkretuli terminebi________________ 55

IV qveTavi. samoslis nawilebi____________________________________ 68

$ 1. samoslis nawilebi __________________________________________ 68

$ 2. samoslis Sesakravebi; sartylebi______________________________ 78

$ 3. samkaulebi _________________________________________________ 83

$ 4. samoslis mosarTavebi _______________________________________ 85

V qveTavi. samoseli formisa da ragvarobis mixedviT________________ 87

VI qveTavi. samoslis masala______________________________________ 92

Tavi II. samoslis CacmasTan da gaxdasTan dakavSirebuli sityvebi____ 106

Tavi III. samoselTan dakavSirebuli leqsika megrul-lazur frazeolo-

gizmebSi_______________________________________________________ 137

daskvniTi debulebebi______________________________________-_____ 152

damowmebuli literatura _______________________________________ 155

gaanalizebul fuZeTa indeqsi (megruli) _________________________ 165

gaanalizebul fuZeTa indeqsi (lazuri) __________________________ 177

eter shengelia disertacia-2014 - nplg · fexsacmeli~. dida gag moc tani do kucxisa (xubua 1937, 82)...

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