estudio de viabilidad edificio hospital simon bolivar 20150421.pdf

8/9/2019 Estudio de Viabilidad Edificio Hospital Simon Bolivar 20150421.pdf

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FEASABILITY STUDY

SIMON BOLIVAR HOSPITAL

ESTUDIO DE VIABILIDAD

BOGOTA COLOMBIA

2015-04-23


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ESTUDIO DE VIABILIDAD SIMON BOLIVAR HOSPITAL P. 2

HUMAN CENTRED DESIGN

The Feasibility Study for Simon Bolivar Hospital aims to developa sustainable public institution which will have a strong local

impact in the urban context and at the same time contribute to aglobal change.

From a human-centered perspective we design the new hospitalbrick-by-brick. The vision of the project is to set the inhabitants,patients, staff and visitors in focus, where the hospital molds theplatform for long- term sustainability, as an interconnected partof the City of Bogota and as an integrated part of the wholeworld.

The new Simon Bolivar Hospital will provide patients, visitorsand staff a welcoming environment and a free, open atmosphere

that exudes dignity and consideration. Healing architecturehas been the guiding star of the project. In accordance withcurrent research findings, significant design elements havebeen included making it easy for people to find their way about,enjoying plentiful daylight and accessing verdant terraces at alllevels.

The central courtyard is the green heart of the new hospitalstructure, offering a calm, private and lush oasis accessible to allpatients, visitors and staff.

DISENO CENTRADO EN EL HUMANO


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The Simon Bolivar Hospital is one the major public hospitals ofBogota and it is located in the northeastern area of the city on

the seventh race, one of the ci ty’s main roads.

The area is a fragmented mix of public and private structuresfor uses such as recreation, culture, sport and education andresidential sector with small commercial areas. The area islocated just next to one of Bogota’s largest favelas.

As a large scale public building and a place of work and education,the new Simon Bolivar Hospital has a unique possibility to createa connecting public center for its neighborhood and at the sametime become one of Bogota’s showcases for a more equitable,accessible and safe city.

The project opens up the institution to the city context creatinga new public space in front of the hospital, the hospital square,

and locating several hospital functions accessible for the public.This public and accessible square provides certain services andpublic infrastructure, it is connected to public transport systemand contributes to improve the neighborhood and transform itinto a safer and more self-pride community.

COMMUNITY CENTRED DESIGNDISENO CENTRADO EN LA COMUNIDAD


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The site is well located at one of Bogota’s major transfer roads,and also easy accessible by the public bus service. One of the

major challenges of the plot is the very restricted accessibility.The main hospital building is reached by only one internal road,entering from the south and leading to all entrances on both theground floor and level -1. Another challenge is that the site offersa high potential in densification due to building regulations buthas actually no possibilities for expansion.

To solve the accessibility issue, the project creates a new mainentrance level on level 1: here the hospital square connects thehospital main entrance to the 165 th street. This entrance levelis the main pedestrian access for all patients, visitors and staffcoming by public transport and bike. This is also the most publicfloor of the hospital, where main reception, chapel, cafeteria,restaurant, library, auditoriums etc are located.

All car, ambulance and logistic traffic is accessing the site fromsouth on level 0.

Separating the pedestrian flows from the vehicular traffic gives apossibility to create a public square free from parking areas (exceptsmall drop off and pick up areas) and logistic& emergency traffic,which ensures a higher urban quality of this space. Separatingtraffic flows makes also the hospital accessibility safer and thestructure more rationally organized.

Regarding the issue of densification, the project shows thepossibility to build the very large program into the existing site, andthat the whole hospital can remain operational during realization.The design has been focusing on shaping the big volume intosmaller parts so that the building feels less monumental andcloser to a human scale.

EXISTING HOSPITALEL HOSPITAL EXISTENTE


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VOLUME DESIGN

ADAPTATION - A NEW BODY

Step one: Fit the total program brief into one body, a volumeadapted to the site constrains and the non-interference-requirement with the existing Simon Bolivar hospitals mainbuilding.

ORGANISATION – A GREEN HEART

Step two: Vertical organization of the program requirementsinto a low- and a high-rise volume, emphasizing the human andthe urban scale while opening for a ´green-heart´ courtyard.

ACCESSIBILITY – AN OPEN SOAL

Step three: Horizontal separation of the volume, allows forpublic accessibility and interaction on multiple levels, creatingtransparency and improved physical and visual connectivityfor an integrated plaza and elevated parks.

VERTICAL WRAP - A UNIVERSAL SKIN

Step four: The façade wrap, made by vertical window andlouver systems, gives the hospital a universal skin designedfor both patient and staff wellbeing, climate and adaptivefuture-proofing planning.

STEP ONE STEP TWO STEP THREE STEP FOUR

DISENO DEL VOLUMEN


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Building a sustainable society is done by acting together.Using the demolished building products and materials fromthe present hospital to establish a culture of re-use and re-invention. Working in line of the concept of Cradle of Cradle- waste as a resource – closing material loops. This buildingblock will increase empowerment, social welfare and economicdevelopment by creating new work opportunities, engagingpeople and establish a more efficient ecosystem of usedmaterials.

• Unemployed people from the nearby area will be engagedin a re-construction process.

• Re-use markets will be created - materials and products fromthe de-construction will be stored, packaged, reused,reinvented and sold.

• The existing brick façade can translate into many nr. of lowincome family homes.

• Reinvent the traditional use of brick as external cladding andboundary material into new internal volumes for publicspaces.

• By reinventing the role of the hospital and the area around it,Simon bolivar Hospital can return to historical references fromBogota – The Hospital by the central square & the Hospitalnear nature.

• The design will seek to bridge the urban scale and thehuman scale by allowing for megablocks to co-exist withbricks dimensioned after the human hand.

• Cultivated roof gardens on the hospital roof becomes anarea for food production, with possible interaction between

students in nearby schools and the people at the hospital.

RE-INVENTIONREINVENTAR

EXISTING HOSPITAL FACADE NEW HOMES


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Mobility on all levels, from micro level to macro level, is animportant brick for sustainability. For economic and socialdevelopment and to improve environment, equity, quality oflife and competitiveness. A positive mobility rely on a cohesiveinfrastructure that provide secure, reliable, efficient, equitableand affordable access to all, while mitigating the negativeimpacts on health and the environment locally and globally.

• The new Hospital promotes and preserves the use andsafety of pedestrian and bicycle transportation, as analternative to private cars.

• Pedestrian and vehicular movement are separated vertically

for increased safety.

• Safe pedestrian and close connections to public transportby bus are a center piece of the design of the square.

• The square is free from parking, except for few drop off places. Almost all parking spaces are under the buildings.

• Separated flows for emergency, ambulance and helicoptertraffic are planned, connected to the hospitals main

elevators.

• Separate flows for all logistic traffic to kitchen, storage,mortuary etc.

• 24h public functions are positioned to create safe mobilityareas around the clock.

• Bicycle parking, maintenance and servicing is provided atthe public square.

• Future bicycle lanes can be connected as an integrated partof the hospital.

• Electrical charging is provided in the parking basements

together with car pool for staff.

MOBILITYMOVILIDAD

ELECTRIC CHARG ING STATIONS

AMBULANCE PARKING

BICYCLE RAMP

PRPOPOSEDPEDESTRIANCROSSING

PROPOSED NEWBICYCLE PATH

MULTI-LEVEL INTERCHANGE (Below)-EMERGENCY DROP OFF-HOSPITAL ENTRANCE-STAFF & VISITOR PARKING- CAR-POOL FACILITY- BICYCLE PARKING

STREET DROP OFF

24h PUBLIC TRANSPORT


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Designing for interaction between people is an important

brick for creating a sustainable hospital that takesresponsibility and plays an active part of the society.

Contacts and meeting with people is a basic human need.Personal networks are needed for good health and a qualityof life and contacts with people outside the personal networkcan establish bridges between different social groups andimprove the participation in the larger context. Societyconsists of people with different backgrounds and socialaffiliations, it is important that people become visible to eachother and meet in different levels of private-public p laces.

• The hospital is integrated with the urban context and thenearby community - improves the wellbeing and recovery

period of the patients.

• The pedestrian link bridging over and connecting the hospitalwith the main street creates a public square open for boththe users of the hospital but also the people in the nearbyneighborhood and streets.

• With improved physical and visible connectivity, sightlinesthrough transparent facades, public areas within and outsidethe hospital are interconnected, creating an atmosphere

which invites to social interaction and public engagement.

• The design seeks to serve all levels of public-private fromcalm and busy to playful and serious.

• Multiple number of different green spaces, from courtyards tosky gardens helps to distribute public space deeper andhigher into the building.

• The verticality of the façade creates sightlines andconnectivity between the patients and the groundscape of thecity giving views towards green courtyard and revitalizing roofgardens. This creates an openness and transparent spaces foreveryone to interact.

• Entrances are designed to be welcoming and inviting peopleto sit, stay and pass in order to create opportunities for

positive interaction.

• Children’s play is a fantastic arena for interaction andhappiness. Therefore we will place an intergenerational areafor outdoor activity and play.

INTERACTIONINTERACION

PHARMACIA

CHAPELLFLOWER SHOP

CAFÉ

MULTIPURPOSE LIBRARY CLASS ROOMS

AUDITORIUM

24h SHOP

BICYCLE REPAIR SHOP

PLAYGROUND

MARKET PLACE

RESTAURANT

INFORMATION


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RESOURCESRECURSOS

SOLAR ENERGY

SOLAR SHADING

ECOSYSTEMS

DAYLIGHT

The new hospital building will be a lighthouse project in Bogotafor resource efficiency in buildings. We will take the concept ofresource efficiency to the next level and take aim for a buildingwho does not only operate at an efficient level but also radiatesan aura of sustainability. How we use the planets resourcesduring the buildings entire life is vital in our resource concept.We will focus on both the energy we use when constructingthe building as well as the energy used during its operation.

The design focus on three different type of systems: Passive,Natural and Active.

• Reduce the need for cooling by adding passive solar shadingsystem.

• An efficient building skin designed to meet the demands of thelocal climate.

• Optimize material use, cradle to cradle:

- Regional materials are preferred; bricks and steel for minimizingtransportation and environmental impact.

-Reusable materials; chosing new materials that is possible

to use.

-Reused materials; reusing bricks from old hospital.

• Increase access to daylight with smart solar shading design.

• Utilize short term storage of waste heat. The energy will then beextracted when needed for heating of building and hot tap water.

• Produce solar energy. By conducting solar energy studies theoptimal placement of photovoltaics will be found to supply thebuilding with as much renewable energy as possible.

• Collect rain water. By using the green roofs to delay the waterand at the same time collect the runoff water we take care ofa valuable resource at the same time as we take care of oursurroundings by limiting the possibility of flooding.

• Collected rainwater can be used for irrigation and as an

aesthetic component in the outdoor environment.

• The climate conditions of the roofs varies with heights.Plants are therefore selected based on these different conditionsfor creating resilient ecosystems. This creates living green roofsfor a very long time.

• Colourful flowers and plants with much nectar as herbs andlegumes are planted in clumps to attract butterflies.

• The upcoming climate change makes great demand on natureas buffering system. Permeable groundcover may delay

rain water and vegetation in slopes hold soil during extreme rainfalls.


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The capacity of an environment to cope with change is a keyfor long-term sustainability. The new hospital will be designedwith a flexible, general and robust structure.

The possibilities to adapt, reorganize, and evolve into moredesirable configurations will prepare the hospital for futurechange impacts. The key focus for resilience efforts is toaddress that buildings, communities, states, and countriescurrently have to regard the environmental, economic andsocial consequences of climate change.

The new hospital is designed to be built with the least amountof disruption of the old hospitals still being in operation.

• Structural and core design can cater for a 15% expansionvertically on the low L-wing.

•The building structure is planned to allow a very large flexibilityof uses in the future.

• Floor heights of 4.5m allows for a rotation and interchange offunctions between different levels as well as structural transferbeams to accommodate a more flexible hospital planning.

• A repetitive vertical window setting allow for internal wall to

connect along the whole length of the façade.

• Double corridor systems caters for both integrated and sub- divided wards.

• By separating technical areas in 3 zones: basement, level 5and roof level, there is flexibility to improve installations whentechnology changes or level of demands are raised in eg.Operating theaters.

• Proportion of patient rooms can adapt over time to bothsingle and double bed, and follow the rapid development ininternational standards.

• All units are planned with general solutions that make

changes within the clinics easy.

• The building are designed in order to sustain earth quakes,flooding and landslides.

• Redundant and resilient technical installations and energysupply for all-time operation

• The building should be possible to easily demolish and reuseby choosing adapted construction methods and reusablematerials.

FUTURE PROOFINGASEGURAR EL FUTURO

15% EXPANSION

POSSIBILITY

GENERAL FLOORMEDIUM SIZE

GENERAL FLOORLARGE SIZE

GENERAL FLOORSMALL SIZE


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N

EXISTING SITE PLANESCALA A1 :500 /A3: 1000PLANO EXISTENTE


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SITE PLAN LEVEL 1ESCALA A1 :500 /A3: 1000SITUACION NIVEL 1


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N

SITE PLAN LEVEL 0ESCALA A1 :500 /A3: 1000SITUACION NIVEL 0


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ENTRADA DA EMERGENCIA



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NN

ESCALA A1 :200 /A3: 400

SECTION A-ACORTE A-A


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AXONOMETRY

PLANO 11Sala Trauma - Helipad

PLANO 10Ambulatorio - PediatriaHospitalizacion - Pediatria

PLANO 9Hospitalizacion - GinecologiaQuirurgicos

PLANO 8Hospitalizacion - Medicina Interna VIH

PLANO 7Cirurgia - HemodinamiaCuidado Especialisada - Intensivo/Intermedio Adultos Intensivo/Intermedio Pediatria Intensivo Coronarios

PLANO 6Cirurgia - QuemadosCuidado Especialisada - Intensivo/Intermedio Quemados

PLANO 5Instalaciones TecnicasRehabTerrazaEsterilizacion

PLANO 4Ambulatorio - ObstetricoCuidado Especialisada - Intensivo/Intermedio/Basico NeonatalHospitalizacion - Sala de PartosCirurgia - Sala de Partos/ Cirurgia Urgente / Programada

PLANO 3Lab. /Ambulatorios - ConsultariosCirurgia - Servicios Quirugicos/Ambulatorio

PLANO 2Lab. /Ambulatorio - ConsultariosArea Administrativa

PLANO 1Entrada /LoungeDocencia

PLANO MAdministrativa UrgenciasDocencia

PLANO 0Entrada UrgenciaUrgenciaJardinHospitalizacion - Psiquiatria

PLANO -1Entrada de Carga

Entrada de Aparcamiento

PLANO -1/-2Instalaciones TecnicasOtros serviciosAparcamiento

AXIONOMETRIA


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PLANO 0

AREA PERSONAL

URGENCIA/RAYOS X

HOSP. PSIQUIATRIA

ESCALA A1 :200 /A3: 400


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ENTRADA DA EMERGENCIA



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PLANO M

OTRO SERVICIOS

URGENCIA ADM.

DOCENCIA

ESCALA A1 :200 /A3: 400


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PLANO 1ESCALA A1 :200 /A3: 400

PUBLICO

DOCENCIA


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VISTA PLAZA



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LAB / AMBULATORIOS

AREA ADMINISTRATIVA

AREA PERSONAL


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LAB / AMBULATORIOS

QUIURGICO AMBULATORIO

AREA PERSONAL


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AMBU. OBSTETRICOS

QUIRURGICO URGENCIA

/PROGRAMADA

AREA PERSONAL

INTENSIVO/INTERMEDIO

/BASICO NEONATAL


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INSTALACIONES TECNICAS

REHAB

ESTERILIZACION


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VISTA TERRAZA



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AREA PERSONAL


QUEMADOS

QUIRURGICO QUEMADOS


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AREA PERSONAL



INTENSIVO CORONARIOS

ADULTOS

PEDIATRIA

QUIRURGICO HEMODINAMIA


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AREA PERSONAL

HOSP. MEDICINA INTERNA

HOSP. VIH


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HABITACION DE PACIENTES



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AREA PERSONAL

HOSP. GINECOLOGIA

HOSP. QUIRURGICOS


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AREA PERSONAL

HOSP. PEDIATRIA

AMB. PEDIATRIA


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VISTA HOSPITALE SBH



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OTRO SERVICIOS

SALA TRAUMA


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PLANO -1ESCALA A1 :200 /A3: 400

OTRO SERVICIOS


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PLANO -2ESCALA A1 :200 /A3: 400

OTRO SERVICIOS


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CORTE A-AESCALA A1 :200 /A3: 400


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CORTE B-BESCALA A1 :200 /A3: 400

FACHADA NORTE


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FACHADA NORTEESCALA A1 :200 /A3: 400

FACHADA ESTE


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FACHADA ESTEESCALA A1 :200 /A3: 400


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FACHADA OESTE


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FACHADA OESTEESCALA A1 :200 /A3: 400

RESOURCE CONCEPT


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The new hospital will be a lighthouse project in Bogota and Columbia for resource

efficienct in buildings. We will take the concept of resource efficiency to the nextlevel and take aim for a building who does not only operate at an efficient level butalso radiates an aura of sustainability.

The building will be a true sustainable building possible to certify twith thehighest grades according to sustainable building certification schemes LEED orBREEAM.

The resource concept focus on three different systems:

• PASSIVE

• NATURAL

• ACTIVE

RESOURCE CONCEPT

ENVELOPE AND SHELL/KEEP CLI MATE STABLE DAYLIGHT/REDUCE NEED FOR ARTIFICIAL LIGHTING

SOLAR SHADING/REDUCE HEAT LOAD

MATERIALS/SUSTAINABLE CHOICE OF MATERIALS

LOW IMPACT DEVELOPMENT TECHNOLOGIES/STORMWATER SOLUTIONS CONTRIBUTING TOAESTHETICS AND VBIODIVERSITY

GREEN SPACES/BOOSTS ECOSYSTEM SERVICES

SOLAR ENERGY/PRODUCE RENEWABLE ENERGY

VENTILATION/MECHANICAL

BUILDING SYSTEMS/EFFICIENT ENERGY USE

CONCEPTO DE RECURSOS

COLLECT RAIN WATER/USE FOR IRRIGATION

MUNICIPAL SYSTEMS/WATER AND ELECTRICITY

VENTILATION/NATURAL


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ACTIVE SYSTEMSSISTEMAS ACTIVOS


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CONCEPT OF ACTIVE SYSTEMS

Even though the basis of our design is to use passive systems, there will beactive systems in our building. This is a hospital and in many rooms there will behigh demands on indoor climate and in clean rooms and operating theatres thedemands will be extremely stringent and precise.

To stay true to the concept of a building with a minimal carbon footprint ouractive systems must be designed with efficiency in mind. Not only will we reducethe carbon footprint but it will also make the building more economically sustain-able.

We will harvest the solar energy which, due to Bogota’s location close to theequator, has an almost constant energy output. The renewable energy producedon site will be the primary source of energy for the basic building functions andenergy losses will be minimized through efficient energy recovery and short termenergy storage .

The main energy use in the building will be the need for cooling. When produc-ing chilled water there will be a lot of excess heat. This energy is usually wastedbut we aim to reuse this energy by storing it in large water tanks and using it forheating hot tap water.

Renewable Energy / A large part of a buildings environmental impact comesfrom the energy it uses during its life. Our goal is to supply as much renewableenergy produced on site as possible.

Optimal Location / Bogota is located close to the equator and has an almostconstant supply of solar energy. This makes getting the most out of a solar ener-

gy system easy.

Electricity or Hot Water / Only photovoltaics which produce electricity will beused. The heating energy needed will be gathered from the waste heat in thecooling production.

Hybrid Ventilation / Even in a hospital there are areas which will be suitable fornatural ventilation. This is a favorable approach to minimize the energy cost ofventilating a building.

Night Cooling / Areas not occupied during the night will be ventilated and cooled.The exposed thermal mass of the building will absorb heat during the day which

it will then release during the night.

Energy Recovery / All air leaving the building through mechanical ventilation willhave energy recovery systems to minimize energy demand for both heating andcooling.

BUILDING SYSTEMSSOLAR ENERGY VENTILATION

Central Systems / Central systems will be used for both heating andcooling where the primary source is a combined heat pump and coolingmachine.

Energy Storage / The waste heat from the cooling machine will be storedin short term energy storages within the building. This energy will then be

used during the night for both hot tap water and for heating. This is madepossible by the very constant climate.

Energy Priority / All energy can not be provided by production on site.During times a large part will have to be supplied from the city grid. To notwaste energy on site energy will always have priority.

INSOLATION ANALYSIS / HIGH ROOFENERGY USE / POTENTIAL

0,0

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J an F eb M ar A pr M aj J un J ul A ug S ep O kt N ov D ec

Energy Demand/Production[MWh]Production

Demand

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Hot TapWater

Heating

Cooling

BuildingElectricity

(fans,pumps,etc.)B as el in eB ui ld in g N ew Ho sp it al Bu il di ng

[kWh/m2,year] Potential for Energy Savings

Energy saved by efficientbuilding systems

Energy saved by efficientcore and shell

1600

1540

1480

1420

1360

1300

1240

1180

1120

1060

1000

kWh/m2


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PHASING

ONE

- Evacuation of psyciatric ward:a: to location within the existing hospitalb: to location off site

- Evacuation of recycling / collection area.- Demolition of psyciatric ward.- New roads for construction.- New location for staff parking (50%).- Construction of new recycling area.- New protection wall for construction.- Construction of new L-block hospital.

TWO

- Completion of new L-tower- Completion of pedestrian connection- Evacuation of existing hospital building- Start of demolision / recylcing work of existinghospital

The new L-tower represents more space thanthe existing hospital at 23 000 sqm.Teaching, outpatient and admin will temporarybe located in the new L-tower until rest of thehospital is completed.

THREE

- Construction of basement podium parking, andgarden wing.

FOUR

- Completion of basement parking podium,- Completion of garden wing, xxxxx sqm.- Completion of pedestrian connections.- Completion of final road network.

- Move teaching, and admin to the completedlower floors.

FIVE

- Possibility for additional road connection forambulance.

- Long term extension of 15%.

ONE TWO THREE FOUR FIVE

FACES

BUILDING DATADATOS TECNICOS D


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Simon Bolivar Hospital 2015 04 21Area Calculation

Site area 20587 sq.m

Building footprint 9890 sq.m 48%Building Footprint + plaza 13478 sq.m 65%

Feasability Building Area 68572 sq.m

Floor levels levels Floor plate Voids / Core Roofs / Terraces Area

S ub tra ct ed S ub tra ct ed total

Technical roof R 3648 220 2865 563

Tenth level 10 3648 220 218 3210

Nineth level 9 3648 220 218 3210

Eight level 8 3648 220 218 3210

Seventh level 7 3648 220 218 3210

Sixth level 6 3648 220 218 3210

Fifth level 5 4256 220 1636 2400

Fourth level 4 4256 220 76 3960

Third level 3 7308 370 3121 3817

Second level 2 7308 510 65 6733

First level 1 7308 360 1662 5286

Mezzanine Level M 7308 3325 42 3941

Ground level 0 7308 360 504 6444

Basement One B1 9944 360 150 9434

Basement two B2 9944 0 0 9944

Sub Total: 86828 7045 11211 68572 sq.m

Basement Parking 480

Parking on Ground 29Ambulance Parking 18 + 2


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VISTA AL JARDIN


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