estado actual y proyecciones futuras de pue/dcie

Power Usage Effectiveness (PUE) Status & Directions

Kathrin WinklerDirector, The Green GridVP, EMC Corporation

Copyright © 2010, The Green Grid

About The Green Grid

• A not-for-profit global consortium focused on driving energy efficiency in the computing ecosystem

• Developing meaningful and user-centric metrics to help IT and Facilities better manage their computing resources

• Developing and promoting standards, measurement methods, best practices and technologies that support these metrics

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Why Create Metrics?

Awareness

• “If you can’t measure it, you can’t improve it”

• Finding the hot spots

Benchmarking

• Continuous improvement of operations

• Comparing across the industry

• Improvement over time/ generation to generation

• Validate claims

Consistency

• Common Vocabulary

• Industry & Government Collaboration

• Better Efficiency

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Impact of IT Power Consumption

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Lighting power consumption1% - 2%

Server Power Consumption Impacts Power throughout the Datacenter

Computer Room Air Conditioner power consumption23% - 54%

Battery Backup power consumption6% - 13%

Server, network and storage power consumption38% - 63%


Data Center Power Efficiency Metrics: PUE and DCiE

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PUE = Power Usage Effectiveness = Total Facility PowerIT Equipment Power

1PUE

IT Equipment PowerTotal Facility Power= Data Center

Infrastructure Efficiency DCiE = =


PUE Refined

Total Facility Power or EnergyIT Equipment Power or Energy PUE =

Point of Measurement

Frequency of Measurement

Duration of Measurement

60Sources: The Green Grid Metrics: Data Center Infrastructure Efficiency (DCiE) Detailed Analysis (white paper #14)Usage and Public Reporting Guidelines for The Green Grid's Infrastructure Metrics PUE/DCiE (white paper #22)

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PUE clarifications

• PUEs of < 1.0 and DCiEs of > 1.0 are *not* allowed

• These elements are always ≥ 0– Power consumed by IT equipment– Power lost in distribution– Power consumed by cooling equipment

• PUE measures use within the data center, and does not include– Re-use of waste heat – Distributed power generation

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PUE Nomenclature

Official PUE reports provide these information with subscripts appended to the metric

x = Precision level of measurement (L1, L2, L3) y = Timeframe and collection frequency:

PUEx,y DCiEx,yor

D = Daily

W = Weekly

M = Monthly

Y = Yearly

C = Continuously

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Reporting Precision

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Level 1(Basic)

Level 2 (Intermediate)

Level 3 (Advanced)

IT Equipment Power Measurement From…

UPS PDUServer, Storage device, Router, etc.

Total Facility Power Measurement From…

Data Center input power

Data Center input less

shared HVAC

Data Center input less shared HVAC plus building lighting, security, etc.

Minimum Measurement Interval

Monthly/Weekly Daily Continuous


Example Reported Results0.45 DCiEL1,--

Single DCiE measurement (0.45) taken using a Level 1 meter placement

0.51 DCiEL1,YMYearly average DCiE (0.51), using data points gathered monthly with a Level 1 meter placement

1.6 PUEL1,MWMonthly average PUE (1.6) using data points gathered weekly with a Level 1 meter placement

0.43DCiEL1,WDWeekly average DCiE (0.43), using data points gathered daily with a Level 1 meter placement

1.8 PUEL2,WCWeekly average PUE using data points gathered continuously with a Level 2 meter placement.

2.1 PUEL3,YCYearly average PUE (2.1) using continuous measurements with a Level 3 meter placement.

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Classes of Measurement ResultsClass Description Benefit to Reporting Organization

Unrecognized A publicly reported result with no claims of following TGG’s guidelines. TGG will not comment on unrecognized results.

Reported A publicly reported result by the reporting organization claiming they followed TGG’s measurement recommendations and nomenclature guidelines. TGG will not comment on Reported results.

Reporting organization can use standard materials from The Green Grid to explain process and results to audience.

Registered A publicly reported result, with key report contextual data provided to TGG by the reporting organization to TGG’s data center performance database.

Official registration of reported result. Receipt of a registration number from TGG. Link to public report data from TGG’s website.

Certified A publicly reported result, with key additional data required for third-party validation or certification of results, provided to TGG by the reporting organization.

All benefits applicable to registered results, plus, consideration of reported results in future TGG award or recognition programs.

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Putting Metrics into Global Action

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• PUE Reporting Tool• PUE Estimator Tool• Power Configuration Efficiency Tool


PUE Scalability Metric

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Partial PUE Definition

• PUE = Total Facility Power divided by the IT Equipment Power

• This takes into account power use within a facility

• Partial PUE is for power use within a boundary

• So:pPUE = Total Power within a boundary divided by the IT Equipment Power within that boundary

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pPUE Example

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• PUE = 121/95 = 1.27• pPUE of Container = 100/95 = 1.05

Chiller

Transformer

UPS

IT Equipment

30 tons

Cooling

5 kW

95 kW

15 kW

115 kW6 kW

121 kW

100 kW

Container

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Energy Reuse Factor

DB+A =PUE

DF-B+A =ERF

Both PUE & ERF valid metrics

Data Center Boundary

Utility

UPS PDU

ICT

Cool

E

F

B

A

DC

AbsorpChiller

H

G

I

rejectedNon-DC space

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TGG Metrics

Total Facility PowerIT Equipment PowerPUE =

What % of facility power is delivered to my IT

equipment?

How efficient is my facility in delivering power to IT

equipment?

IT Equipment Power

Total Facility PowerDCiE =

How Much Work Can My IT Equipment Do, In My Facility?

x 100%

Useful Work

Total Facility PowerDCP=

Copyright © 2010, The Green Grid18

Data Center Energy Productivity

• Data Center Energy Productivity (DCeP)

• First attempt to define useful work metric• Very comprehensive, very accurate• However, difficult to measure• Some terms require user interpretation

– eg., Ui(t,T) is the utility (value) of a transaction– Subjective, could be different for each organization


Alternative Proposal - Proxies• Proxies indicate how much work is being

done without measuring work directlyShould be highly correlated to useful workShould be easier, cheaper, faster to collect

• Proxies are often used where complex measures would be impractical

eg., EPA Miles Per Gallon, marketing focus group,Dow Jones Industrial Average,or CNN Audience Reaction Meter

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Proxy Proposals

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1. DCeP-based Proxies• Simplified DCeP• Productivity Link• Sample workload

2. Bits per kWH3. CPU-based proxies

• SPECint_rate• SPECpower• CUPS

4. OS images per Watt


Proxy Shortcomings

In general, the proxy proposals:• Aren’t meant for comparison between data centers

Useful for tracking progress within a data center over timeNo guidelines for use and reporting, so wide variation possible

• Don’t address all data center devices equallyProposals tend to be server-centricStorage, networking, telephony, appliances, co-processors, etc

• Don’t consider the value of stored data

• Don’t account for interaction between devices

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Where to Next?

• Proxies• Currently testing IT Productivity Proxies with the US

National Labs• Using instrumented applications as a control• Starting with the Intel Energy Checker SDK as a basis for

instrumenting applications within the Data Center Design Guide effort

• Sharing results with other organizations globally

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Metric Harmonization Efforts• Global Metric Harmonization

Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry (METI) Green IT Promotional Council (GIPC) The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE)The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)The European Union (EU)The Green Grid (TGG)

• US Industry Consensus SessionEnvironmental Protection Agency (EPA)Department of Energy (DOE)7x24 ExchangeAmerican Socienty of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE)Silicon Valley Leadership Group (SVLG)The Green Grid (TGG)Uptime InstituteUnited States Green Building Council (USGBC)

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Possible New PUE Variations

• M&M WG has an approved AR to review and identify if we will proceed with any further possible variations of PUE

• PUE Estimated• PUE Calculated• Design PUE• Design Day PUE• Virtual PUE• ….

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PUE Related Information Material• Current White Papers:

1. Describing Data Center Power Efficiency2. PUE and DCiE Efficiency Metrics3. DCiE Detailed Analysis4. PUE Scalability5. Usage and Public Reporting Guidelines

• Future Possible White Papers:1. DCiE Detailed Analysis II2. Partial PUE3. Energy Re-use Factor & Re-use Energy Ratio4. Possible new variations of PUE

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For More Information

• www.thegreengrid.orgfor whitepapers, training,and content

• For membership, please contact us: +1 503-619-0653 or [email protected]

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Thank you to our members for your continued dedication and involvement in

ICT energy efficiency efforts!


Thank you!

For more information please go to www.thegreengrid.org

estado actual y proyecciones futuras de pue/dcie

Documents

total power

green grid metrics

distribution power

dcietotal facility power

theit equipment power

green grid vp

lighting power consumption

account power use