KFRI Research Report 77

ESTABLISHMENT OF A HERBARIUM IN THE INSTITUTE

N.Sasidharan V.P.K.Nambiar

KERALA FOREST RESEARCH INSTITUTE PEECHI, THRISSUR

July 1991 Pages: 48

CONTENTS

2 r.77.3

Abstract 1 r.77.2

Introduction

Materials and Methods

Index of species in the herbarium

Results and Discussion

References

4 r.77.4

6 r.77.5

45 r.77.6

47 r.77.7

Abstract

Kerala is endowed with a luxuriant vegetion, due to the varied

climatic conditions. Neverthless there is no established herbaria in

the State. Since the establishment of the Institute, collections were

made from the forest with a view to establish a reference herbarium

of forest plants. In 1982 the work has been formulated in to a project

with the duration of 5 years. The institute herbarium which now holds

over 6000 specimens is reconginsed by the International Association of

Plant Taxonomists (IAPT), and is known by the acronym KFRI.

So far we have collected about 1,400 species from the forest of

Keralo, which forms about 58% of the forest flora. Among the

collections there are 430 tree species which represents about 2/3 of

the estimated 600 arborescent species. Besides the general

collections the herbarium has a complete collection of medicinal

plantss of the forests and rattans of South India. The species in the

herabriue are indexed in alphabetical order with collection numbers

under respective plant families.

From the forests of Trichur district which were intensely

explored,several interesting plants were collected, including new taxa

viz. Curcuma peethapushpa Sasi & Sivaraj. (1989), Tarenna

trichurensis Sasi. & Sivaraj. and Orophea malabarica Sasi.& Sivaraj.

The new taxa and new records of occurrence emphasise the need for

intensive exploratory studies of the forest flora of the State.

INTRODUCTION

The herbarium is often defined as a storehouse of mounted specimens

arranged according to any known system of classification. The method

of herbarium making by affixing dried specimens to paper is attributed

to Luca Ghini (1490? - 1556). The process of pressing and drying for

storage is an amazingly successful one in terms of longevity and easy

handling. Specimens prepared as early as in 1534 by Cibo, a pupil of

Ghini, is extant today. Shetler (1969) estimated that the herbarium

resources of the world may include as many as 250 million specimens.

The total number of specimens actually reported by various

institutions is 148 million; of these 78 aillion are in Europe and 36

aillion in North America. Index Herbariorum published by the

International Association of Plant Taxonomists (IAPT) gives

information of name and location of various herbaria of the world,

status of the institution, publication, important historical

collections etc. For easy reference citation, the herbaria are known

by abbreviation.

Herbarium speciaens are the basic reference materials for

systematic botany and related fields. Nowadays herbarium specimens

are used in diverse disciplines such as cytogeography, biochemical

systeaatics, palynology and genecology (Rollins, 1965). The specimens

carry valuable data on their identity, habitat, occurrence etc. on

their accompanying labels. They are also permanent records of the

flora of the concerned regions. Thus, periodic collections are also

essential for informotion on changes in the vegetation, the status of

each species in an area, to identify entrants like exotic weeds and

their spread eta. The information gathered from collections is

compiled in floras, which besides serving as identification manuals

are the source of information on the plant wealth of a region.

Kerala is endowed with a luxuriant vegetation due to the varied

climatic conditions. Nevertheless, there is no established herbariua

in the state. For any reference on the flora of the State one has to

depend on the Madras Herbarium, Coimbatore or Central National

Herbarium, Calcutta, the Regional and National Herbaria. A scan

through the collections at these herbaria shower that collections from

Kerala are poorly represented, especially the endemic species, Joseph

(1977) reported that 115 species described from South India has no

representation in the Madras Herbarium, Coimbatore. Henry et al.

(1979) published a list of 226 flowering plants that are presumably in

danger of extinction in South India. Nearly one fourth of them are

endemic to Kerala.

The flora of Kerala forest has not yet been throughly explored.

After the publication of Flora of the Presidency of Madras (Gamble and

Fischer, 1915-1936) several new taxa have been recorded from the

region. Karthikeyan and Sharaa (1983) enumerated the 403 species

added till then. Still, there is enough scope for further exploration

of the flora of the state. Though attempts are being made to study

the district floras recently, there is no coordinated effort to study

the forest flora of the state.

Since the establishaent of the Institute, specimen collections from

the forests were carried out with a view to establish a reference

herbariua having a complete representation of the forest flora of the

State. Though collections were made since 1977, only in 1982 the work

was formulated into a project, the first phase extending for a period

of five years. Initially random collections were made from various

forest regions. For the last few years wehave been concentrating on

Forest Divisions as collection units, with the idea of covering given

units over a stipulated period.

At present the Institute's herbairua holds over six thousand

specimens. When the collection exceeded 5000 specimens, request was

made to IAPT for recognition and inclusion in the roster of Index

Herbariorum. Accordingly the Institute herbarium has been given the

abbreviation KFRI (Taxon 37: 503. 1988). More details pertaining to

the Institute herbarium will be published in the forthcoming edition

of the Index Herbariorum.

Materials and Methods

Several trips were undertaken throughout the state for collection

of specimens. The trips were of one day to one week duration. During

the collection trips as far as possible only specimens with flowers or

fruits were collected, Usually four or more specimens of a plant were

collected. They were given collection numbers in the field, Herbs and

orchids sometimes collected in vegetative stage were cultivated in the

Institute and herbarium specimens were made from them when they

flowered. flowers and fruits were pickled for detailed study. Field

notes on details such as colour of the flower, bark, blaze

characters, exudate from bark, habit, habitat, distribution, local

names etc. were recorded in the field book,

The specimens were pressed in a field press during the collection

trip and were subsequently transferred to a screw press in the

Institute. Fleshy and woody fruits were dried separately to prevent

breakage while pressing. The specimens were poisoned with mercuric

chloride dissolved in rectified spirit. The 'wet method' of pressing

was also followed occasionally in the field.

The specimens were mounted using the synthetic adhesive 'Fevicol'.

Before mounting, the specimens were poisoned again with mercuric

chloride and sodium pentachlorophenate dissolved in rectified spirit.

Only two specimens of a collection number Stiches were were mounted.

put whenever necessary in order to provide stablity to the mounted

material. Often a paper packet was affixed to the mounting board to

accommodate detached flowers and fruits.

The specimens were identified with pertinent literature and by

comparing with authentic specimens. Whenever necessary, speciaens were

referred to specialists for identification and confirmation.

Herbarium label with details like collection number, date of

col lection, locality, botanical name, family, habit, altitude,

habitat, distribution, local names, notes and collector's name war

affixed to the mounted specimen.

Accessioning: The specimens were serially numbered and entered in the

accession register before incorporating into the herbarium cabinet.

In addition, the particulars of each accessed specimen, such as name

of species family, collecter's name, collection number, date of

accessioning etc., were recorded in the accession register.

Indexing: Index cards were prepared for all species in the herbarium.

In the index cards, the accession number of all the specimens of the

species, localities, collector's name(s), date of collection,

collection number and notes indicating whether the specimen is with

flowers, fruits were recorded . The cards were arranged in

alphabetical sequence under each genus and the genera under each

family. The families were also arranged in alphabetical order.

Arrangement : The speciemens of a species are placed inside species

cover and all the species under a genus, inside genus cover in the

alphabetical order. The genera also follow an alphabetical sequence

under respective plant families. The families are arranged according

to the system of classification of flowering plants by Benthem and

Hooker with delimitation to certain families in accordance with their

current concepts. A booklet on the arrangement of the herbarium has

been prepared, for easy reference.

Curation of specimens : Fumigation of the herbarium room has been

carried out using methyl bromide and aluminium phosphide.

Paradichlorobenzene is also being used once in three months as insect

repellent. Occasional fungal growth seen on some specimens during

rainy season were removed by brushing the specimens with mercuric

chloride and soidum pentacholrophenate dissolved in rectified spirit

followed by drying.

Index of species in the Herberium

The names of species in the Herbarium are indexed below. The

species are arranged in alphabetical sequence under respective

families. The families are also arranged in alphabetical order under

three divisions viz. Dicotyledons, Monocotyledons and Gymnosperms.

Against the species, the collector's name and collection number are

given. The col lector's names are mostly abbreviated. The

abbreviations used are NS (N. Sasidharan), VPK (V.P.K. Nambiar), NG

(N. Gopalakrishnan Nair, CR (C. Renuka), MK (Muktesh Kumar), KS (K.

Swarupanandan) and VVS ( V . V . Sivarajan).

ACANTHACEAE Acanthus illicifolius Linn. Andrographis elongata (Vahl)T, Anders. A. macrobotrys Nees A. neesiana Wt. A. paniculata (Burm.f. ) Uall. ex NeesBarleria buxifolia Linn. B. courtall ica Nees B. cristata Linn. B. prattensis Sant. B. prionitis Linn. Blepharis madraspatensis (Linn.) Heyne ex Roth Bremekampia neilgherrensis (Wt. ) Sreem. Dicliptera cuneata Nees Didyplosandra lurida (Wt.)Bremek. (Strobilanthus luridus Wt. )

Dipteracanthus prostratus (Poir) Nees Ecbol ium virde var. latevirens (Cl. ) Raitada Eranthemum capenese Linn. Gymnostachyun canescens T. Anders. G. febrifugum Benth. Hemigraphis elegans Nees var. crenata Cl. Justicia betonica Linn.

J. gendarussa Linn. f .J. procumbens Linn. J. santapaui Benn. (J. montana (Nees) Yall. ex T. Anders.)J. simplex D. Don J. trinervia Vahl J. wynaadensis (Nees) T. Anders. Kanjaram palghatense Ramaa. Nilgirianthes ciliatus (Nees) Brenek. Peristrophe montana Nees P. paniculata (Forsk. ) Bruamitt (P. bicalyculata (Retz.)Nees. ) Phaulopsis dorsif lora (Retz. ) Sant. (Micranthus oppositffolius Wendl.) Pseuderanthemum aalabaricum (C1.) Gamble (Eranthemum malabaricun C1,) Rhinacanthus nasuta (Linn.) Kurz (R. communis Neers) Rungia apiculata Bedd. R, parvif lora Nee8 R. wightiana Nees Staurogyne glauca (Nees) O. Ktze. S. zeylanica (Nees)O. Ktze. Thunbergia fragrans Roxb.

var. laevis (Nees) C1. T. mysorensis (Wt.) T. Anders.

T. tomentosa Yall.

Alavikutty sn NS 4853 VPK & NS 1253, NS 4730

NS 5502 K Subramaniyam 6021 NS 3775 VPK sn., KM Sebastine 4227

K Subramaniyam 4633 VPK 1071, VPK sn.

NS 3920 VPK 247

VPK 899

NS 3366, 3887

NS 3916

NS 3855 NS 173, 3779 NS 142 NS 5316, VPK 1127 VPK&MK 1580 NS 378 NS 5235 VPK 481, K M Sebastine 15388 K M Sebastine 1576,NS 4896 NS 199, KM Sebastine 16489 CR&MK 2687, NS 3389, 3773

Rice sn,VPK sn NS 3917 NS ,3912 VPK 1225, NS 3307 NS 3811, 4729 NS 3774, VPK 1275 NS 3369

NS 3744

NS 3023, 3763

NS 1428, 5214

NS 3416 NS 384 NS 5242 NG&NS 1668 NS 4755

NG&NS 1302, NS 3327, 5303 NS 466, 3411, 3927; NG&NS 1336 VPK 894

AIZOACEAE Glinus lotoides Linn. G. oppositifol ius (Linn. ) DC. Moullugo pentaphylla Linn. Alangium salvifolium (Linn.f.) Uang

ssp. hexapetalum(Lamk.)Wang

AMARANTHACEAE Achyranthes aspera Linn. A. bidsntata Bl, Aerva lanata (Linn.) Juss. A. sanguinolenta (Linn. ) Bl. ( A . scandens (Roxb. ) Wall ex Moq. ) Almania nodif lora R.Br. var. dichotoaa Hook. f. Alternanthera paronychioides St. Hi1 A. sessilis (Linn. ) R. Br.ex DC, ( A . triandra Lank. ) A. tenella Colla Amaranthus spinosus Linn, A. viridis Linn. Celosia argentea Linn. Cyathula prostrata (Linn.) B1. Indobanalia thyrsiflora (Moq)Henry & Roy (Banalia thyrsiflora Moq) Pupalia lappacea (Linn.) Juss.

ANACARDIACEAE Anacardium occidentale Linn. Holigarna arnottiana Hook.f. H. grahamii (Wt.) Kurz Lannea coromandel ica (Houtt. ) Merr. Mangifera indica Linn. Nothopegia colebrookeana Bl. N. racemosa (Dalz.) Ramam. N. travancorica Bedd. ex Hook.f. Rhus mysorensis G. Don R. succedaena Linn. var. himalaica Semecarpus anacardium Linn.

S. travancorica Bedd. Spondias indica (Wt, & Arn.) Airy Shaw & Formann S. pinnata (Linn.f. ) Kurt

ANCISTROCLADACEAE Ancistrocladus heyneanus Uall. ex Grah.

ANNONACEAE Artabotrys zeylanicus Hook.). & Thorns. Cyathocalyx zeylanica Champ. ex Hook.f. & Thoms. Desmos lawii lHook.f. & Thoms.) Safford Goniothalamus rhyncantherus Dunn Meiogyne pannosa (Dalz.) Sinclair M. ramarowii (Dunn) Gandhi

Miliusa tomentosa (Roxb.) Sinclair

NS 3714 NS 784, 5332 VPK 1048, NS 790, 4956 NS 1148, 205, 4612, NG&NS 1661

VPK sn NG&NS 1379 VPK 1043 NS 3780, 4715

NS 85 NS 3713 VPK sn, NS 5451

NS 5084 NS 5121

VPK sn NS 1463, 447, 5261 VPK 249

NS 857

VPK 1215

NS 5320 NS 3771, 4808, 4888 NS 453, 3352, 3029, 5249 NS 712 NS 5567 NS 3121, 3135 VPK&MK 1590 NS 1479, 5523 VPK 1091, VPK sn UC Bhattacharya 24243 NS 4911, 4846, K Subramaniyaa 6863 NG 1527, NS 5535 NS 727, NS&NG 1678 NS 3945

NS 1157, 3818,NG&NS 1657, 1691 NS&CR 3025

NS 3322, 4743 NS 1774 NS 3132,3309, 3847, 3935 NS 3839 NS&KS 3068, NS NS 1154, 3134

3410, 4877 NS 743, 394

Mitrephora grandiflora Bedd. Orophea erythrocarpa Bedd. 0. malabarica Sasi. & Sivaraj, O.thomsonii Bedd. O.unif lora Hook. f. & Thoms. Phaeanthus malabaricus Bedd. Polyalthia coffeoides Hook.f. & Thoms. P. fragrans Bedd.

Popowia beddomeana Hook.f. & Thorns. Sageraea laurifolia (Grah.) Blatt. Uvaria macropoda Thw, Uvaria narum (Dunal) Wall. ex Wt. & Arn. Xylopia parvifolia Arn.

APOCYNACEAE Aganosma cymosa (Roxb. ) G. Don Alstonia scholaris (Linn.) R. Br. A. venenata R. Br. Anodendron paniculatum A, DC. A. rhinosporum Thw. Carissa inermis Vahl C. spinarum Linn. Catheranthus pusil lus (Herr. ) G. Don Cerbera manghas Linn. Chilocarpus artavirens (G. Don) BI. Holarrhena pubescens (Ham,) wall. ex G. Don (H. antidysenterica (Roth) DC. )Hunteria zeylanfca (Retz.) Gard. ex Thw. lchnocarpus f rutescens (Linn, ) R. Br. Kammetia caryophyllata (Roxb.) Nicolson & Suresh (El lertonia rheedei Wt. )Parsonsia alboflavescens (Dennet.)Mabber. Rauvolfia densiflora (Wall.) Benth, & Hook. f. R. serpentina (Linn.) Benth. ex Kurt Tabernaemontana gamblei Subrn. & Henry

T. alternifol ia Linn. (T. heyneana Wal I. ) Vallaris. solanacea (Roth) Ktze. Wrightia arborea (Dennst.) Mabber. W. tinctoria (Linn.) R, Br,

AQUIFOLIACEAE Ilex thwaitesii Loesn.

ARALIACEAEA Aralia malabarica Bedd, Scheff lera venulosa (Wt. & Arn. ) Harms

S. venulosa var. obliquinervia Gamble S. wal lichiana (Wt. & Arn. ) Harms

var. venulosa

ARISTOLOCHIACEAE Aristolochia indica Linn. A. tagala Cham.

NS 3492, 5055 NS 3140, 3837, 4771 NS 4833 NS 4865 NS 3078, 5396, NGLNS 1921 NS 3128, 4834 NS 3092, NS&KS 3012 NG 2689 NS 726, 3350, 3786, 5257, NG 1512 NS 3408 NS 4793, 5208, 5352 NS 5012, 4786 NS 5519 NS 1473

NS 5597 NS 1134, 882 NS 3680, VPK 1090 VPK 1227,NS 3769, 4763 NS 3129 NS 5272 VPK sn NS 3849, 5078 VPKLNS 2553 NS 3814, 3841, 3823, 5089 NS 1163, 5072, VPK 1259

NS 1160, 3921, NS&NG 1673 NS 800, 4775 VPK&NS 2519, NS 4926

NS 4830 VPK 354, NGLNS 1900 NS 153, 3198, 3873, 5071 NS 3095, 5052, 5430, 5473 NS 3200, 3707

NS 3686 NS 4772, 5019 NS 715, 645, 3659, CR&MK 2702

VPK 263, VPK&NS 1846

NG 35

NS 3407, 5418 VPK 339, VPK&MK 1567,NS 5087 NS 5411, NS&KS 3117

NS 1478, 3424, 3861,VPK 1083 NS 3111, 3629, 4797

Thottea barberi (Gamble) Ding Hou T. dinghoui Swarup. T. siliquosa (Lamk.) Ding Hou

ASCLEPIADACEAE Asclepias curassavica Linn. Calotropis gigantea (Linn.) R. Br. Ceropegia bulbosa var. lushii (Grah. ) Hook. f. C. candelabrum Linn. C. ciliata ssp. ensifolia (Bedd. ) Huber C. elegans Wall. C. juncea (Roxb. )C. maculata Bedd. C. pusilla Wt. & Arn. Cosmostigma racemosum (Roxb.) Wt. Cryptolepis buchananii Roem & Schult. Cynanchum callialata Ham. ex Wt. Gymnema sylvestre (Retz.) Schult. G. tingens (Roxb. ) Spreng. var. ovalifolia Ut. Hemidesmus indicus (Linn.) R. Br. Holostemma adakodien Schult. H. annulare (Roxb.) K. Schum.) Hoya ovalifolia Ut. & Arn. H. pauciflora R. Br.

Henry 16291 KS 302 VPK 127, NS 3168, 3601, 4788

VPK 1187, NS 5444 NS 704 NS 5520 NS 83, VPK&NS 2568 VPK&NS 1839 VPK sn VPK 1066 NS 2954 VPK&NS 1860 VPK 1202 VPK 1089, NS 3181, 3658 NS 2955, 3876, 3895, 4799 VPK 785; NS 3868 NS 3180, 5407

NS 374, 3190, 3364 NS 1251, 4662

NS 5250 NS 5424

Heterostemma decanensis (Talb.) Swarup. & Mangaly NS 4676, 5259 Pergularia daemia (Forsk.) Chois. Sarcottemma brunonianum Wt. & Arn. ex Ut. Secamone emetica (Retz, ) R. Br. ex Schult. Tylophora indica (Burm. f.) Herr.

T. mollissima Wt. T. tenuis Bl. T. tetrapetala (Dennst. ) Suresh (T. tenuissima (Roxb. ex Schult. ) Wt. & Arn. )Wattakaka volubil is (Linn. f. ) Stapf

ASTERACEAE/COMPOSITAEAcanthospermum hispidum DC, Adenostemma laevina (Linn.) 0. Ktze. A. macrophyllum (BI.) DC. Ageratina adenophora (Spreng.) King & Robins. (Eupatoruim glandulosum Kunth) Ageratum conyzoides Linn, A. houstonianum Hill. Anaphalis bournei Fyson A. decurrens Gamble A. marcescens (Wt.) C l . A. travancorica W. U. Sa Bidena bipinnata Linn. B. biternata (Lour. ) Herr. & Scherf. B. triplinervia var. macrantha (Wedd.) Scherf, Blaivillea acmella (Linn.) Philip. Blumea belangeriana DC. B. lacera var. glandulosa Hook, f. B . lanceolaria var. spectabills (DC.)Raizada

VPK 1059, VPK sn VPK&NS 1885 VPK&NS 1886, VPK sn VPK 309, VPK&NS 2563, NS 3750, 4917 VPK&NS 1822 VPK 281, VPK&NS 1878 NS 3413, 4922

NS ,3655, 3854

NS 854 VPK 1277, NS 4848 NG&NS 1346 NS 5383

NS 851 NS 4817 VPK 1126 VPK 256 VPK 288 VPK 287 NS 3394 NS 5091 VPK sn NS 3734 NS 391 VPK 483, NS 3915 NS 4819

B. membranacea Wall. ex DC. B. oxydonta DC. Centrantherum rangacharii Gamble Chromolaena odorata (Linn.) King & Robins. (Eupatorium odoratum Linn.) Cnichus wallichii Hook. f. var. wightii Hook. f. Eclipta prostrata (Linn.) Linn. (E. alba (Linn. ) Hassk. )Elephantopus scaber Linn. Eleutheranthera ruderalis (Sw.)Sch.-Bip. Emilia sonchifolia (Linn.) DC. Grangea maderaspatana (Linn.) Poir. Gynura nitida DC. G. travancorica W. W. Sm. Lactuca hastata DC. Launea sarmentosa (Wi1ld.) Sch.-Bip. ex Ktze. Mikania cordata (Burn. f . ) Robins Parthenium hysterophorus Linn, Saussurea hypolema Spreng. S. lappa Cl. Sigesbeckia orientalis Linn. Sphaeranthus africanus Linn. S. indicus Linn. Synedrel la nodiflora (Linn.) Gaertn. Tridax procumbens Linn. Vernonia anthelmintica (Linn. ) Willd, V. arborea Ham. V. bourneana W. W. Sm. V. cinerea (Linn.) Lesch. V. divergens Edgw. Vicoa indica (Willd.) Cass. Wedelia urticaefolia (B1.)DC. var. wightii DC. Xanthiun indicua Koen. (x.strumarium Linn. )Zinnia elegans Jacq.

AVICENNIACEAE Avicennia marina (Forsk.) Vierh. A. officinal is Linn.,

BALANOPHORACEAEBalanophora abbreviata B1.

BALSAMINACEAE lmpatiens auriculata Wt. I. campanulata Wt. I. cuspidata Wt. I. goughii Wt.

I. hensl ov iana Arn. I. kleinii Wt. & Arn. I. lucida Heyne I. phoenicea Bedd. I. scapif lora Heyne I. tenella Heyne

NS 5151 NS 400 NS 3418 NS 5263

VPK 1112 NS 1614, NG&NS 1923

NS 841, VPK sn NS 1282 VPK 876, NS 3724 NS 3710, 5345 NS 1982 VPK sn Rice sn VPK&NS 2573 NS 4818 VPK sn MA Rau 311734 NC Nair 16669 VPK 1003 VPK&NS 2560 NS 1162 NS 836, VPK sn NS 3733 VPK 1067 VPK 296, NS 4804 VPK 257 NS 842 NS 472, 208, 3649, 3920 NS 373 NG&NS 1311 NS 5437

VPK sn

Alavikutty sn Alavikutty sn

NS 4679, 5171

VPK 105 VPK 1023

VPK 104, 1099, VPK&NS 1829, NS 5461 VPK 1018

VPK sn VPK 1016 VPK 101, NS 3316 VPK 884

VPK 1015, VPK&MK 1559

VPK 103, NS 4624, 5125

BASELLACEAE Basella alba Linn.

BEGONIACEAE

Begonia cordifolia Thw. B. floccifara Bedd. B. malabarica Lank. B. trichocarpa Dalz.

BERBERIDACEAE Berberis aristata DC. Mahonia leschenaultii (Wall. ex Wt. & Arn.)

Takeda

BIGNONIACEAE Millingtonia hortensis Linn. f. Oroxylum indicum (Linn.) Benth. ex Kurz Pajanelia longifolia (Willd.) K. Schun. Raderaachera xylocarpa (Roxb.) Schum. Spathodea caapanulata Beauv. Stereosperaur chelenoides (Linn. f.) DC. S. colais (Buch. -Ham. ex Di 1 lw. )Mabber.

BOMBACACEAE Bombax ceiba Linn. B. insigne Wall. Ceiba pentandra (Linn. ) Gasrtn. Cullenia exarillata Robyns

BORAGINACEAE Coldenia procumbens Linn. Cordia wallichii D. Don Cynoglossum furcatum Wall. C. meeboldii Brand, Ehretia canarensis (Cl.) Gamble

E. pubescens Benth. Heliotropium marifoliua Retz. (H. scabrum Retz.) Rotul a aquat ica Lour.

Tournefortia reticoaa Wt. Trichodesia indicur R. Br. T. zeylanicum (Burm. f.) R. Br.

BRASSICACEAE Cardamine africana Linn. Rorippa indica (Linn. )Hiern

BURSERACEAE Canarius strictum Roxb. Commiphora caudata (Wt.& Arn. ) Engl. Garuga pinnata Roxb,

VPK 1069

NS 1962 NS&KS 3019,NS 3016 VPK 891, NS 3902, 5134 NS 3302

UC Bhattacharya 24234

VPK 1116, CR 3464

NS 3931 VPK 1216, NS 3863 NS 3765 NS 1140, NG 1515 VPK&CR 2624 Balakrishnan 12049 NS 1250, 3648, 3753 NG & NS 1914

NS 1136 NS 1133 NS 5566 NS 2611, 5277, NS&KS 3089

NS 763 NS 1131, 203 VPK 221 VPK sn VPK 1220,1280,1292, NS 4689, 4654 VPK&NS 1803 NS 768, 5077

NG&NS 1391, VPK&CR 2901, NS 5256 NG&NS 1929, NS 5308 VPK sn NS 3370

VPK 324 NS 3711

NS 475, 757, 5036 VPK&NS 1882 VPK 138

BUXACEAE Sarcococa coriacea (Hook.)Sweet VPK&NS 1825, NS 5241

CACTACEAE Opuntia dillenii (Ker.- Gawl.) Hamw.

CAESALPINIACEAE Bauhinia phoenicea B. racemosa Laak. B. scandens Linn. (B. anguina Roxb.) Caesalpinia crista C. cucullata Roxb.

Wt. & Arn.

L inn.

C. hymenocarpa (prain) Hattink C. mimosoides Laak. Cassia absus Linn. C. auriculata Linn. C. fistula Linn. C. hirsuta Linn. C. leschenaultiana DC. C. mimosoides Linn. C. occidentalis Linn, C. tora Linn. Cynometra travancorica Bedd. Hardwickia binata Rowb. Humboldtia vahl iana Ut. Kingiodendron pinnatum (Roxb.)Harms. Moullava spicata (Dalz.) Nicolson Phanera vahlii (Benth. ) Wt.& Arn. Piliostigma malabaricum (Roxb.)Benth. Pterolobium hexapetalum (Roth) Sant. & Wagh Saraca asoca (Roxb.) de Wilde Tamarindus indica Linn.

CAMAPANULACEAECampanula alphonsii Uall. ex A. DC. Wahlenbergia marginata (Thunb.) A. DC.

CANNABINACEAE Cannabis sativa Linn.

CAPPARACEAECapparis moonii Wt. C. rheedei DC. (C. baduca Rheede ex Linn.) C. tenera Dalz. C. zeylanica Linn, Crataeva nurvala Ham.

CAPRIFOLIACEAE Lonicera leschenaultii Wall. Viburnum acuminatum Wall.

VPK sn

NS 1413, 5219, VPK 867 NS 716, 3662, NG&NS 1328 NS 3943, 5137

NS 3822 NS 5245 NS 5495 NS 3748 NS 4622, 4687 VPK sn NS 3064 NS 5496 VPK 074, VPK&MK 1581 US 3192 NS 856, 3740 NS 796 NS 3381, NS&KS 3077 VPK&NS 1888 NS 717,4807, NG 1526 NS 4741, 5057, NG 1637 NS 3762, 4857, 5215 Ktl Sebastine 10033

VPK 1073, VPK sn NS & KS 3105, NS 4849 NS 5054

NS 860, 4649

VPK 1104 VPK 1109, 261

VPK sn, VPK 1575

NS 3790,NS&CR 3019 NS1156, 5002

NS 4871 NS 5141, VPK & NS 2542 VPK 1174, NS 4937, 5085

VPK & NS 1824 VPK 222

CARYOPHYLLACEAE Drymaria cordata (Linn. ) Willd. ex Roem. & Schult. NS 446, 5133

Polycarpaea corymbosa (Linn. ) Lamk.

Polycarpon prostratum (Forsk.) Asch. & Schewf,

CASUARINACEAE Casuarina equisetifolia JR & G. Forst.

CELASTRACEAE Bhesa indica (Bedd.) Ding Hou Cassine glauca (Rottb.) 0. Ktze. Celartrus paniculatus Wall. Euonymus angulatus Wt. E. crenulatus Wall, ex Wt. & Arn. E. dichotomous Heyne ex Wall. Gymnosporia wallichiana Laws. Lophopetalum wightianum Arn., Microtropis latifol ia Wt. M, ramif lora Wt. M. stocksii Gamble

CHENOPODIACEAE Chenopodium album Linn,

CHLORANTHACEAE Sarcandra chloranthoides Gard.

CLEOMACEAE Cleome monophylla Linn. C. viscosa Linn.

CLUSIACEAE/GUTTIFERAE Calophyllum calaba Linn. (C. apetalum Wil ld. )C. polyanthum Wall. ex Choisy. (C. elatum Bedd.) Garcinia cowa Roxb. ex. DC. G. gummi-gutta (Linn.) Robs. (G. cambogia Desv.) G. morella (Gaertn. ) Desr. G. spicata (Wt. & Arn. ) Hook. f. G. talbotii Raizada ex Sant. G. wightii T. Anders. Mesua ferrea Linn.

Poeciloneuron indicum Bedd.

COCHLOSPERMACEAE Cochlospermum religiosum (Linn.) Alston

COMBRETACEAE Anogeissus latifolia (DC.) Uall. ex Bedd. Calycopteris floribunda (Roxb.) Poir, Combretun latifolium B l . Terminalia bellirica (Gaertn.) Rowb. T. catappa Linn.

VPK 1080, VPK & NS 2545, NS 4614, 4631 NS 769

NS 3736, 3737

NS 4828, NS & KS 3085 Kedarnath sn. NS 1244, 3675, 4616 NG & NS 1377, NS 3634 VPK 1113 NS & KS 3102 Pascal 1480 NS 3435, 5298 NG & NS 1339 VPK 1211 NS 5367

VPK 507

NS 3169, 3407, 5420

NS & VVS 4979 NS 703

NS 4815, 5297, 3380, 5498

NS 5328

NS 3644 VPK 360,NS 3808,5013,5003

NS 1470, 3342, 3615, 5045 NS 3125, 3387, 3008, 4784 NS 755 NS 5337 NS 5010, NG 1750, NS & KS 3113 NS 5499

VPK 23, NS 1147, 4748

NS 1245, 4706, 5157 NS 1137 NS 3390, 4812, 4890 NS 761, 766 NS 3728

T. crenulata Heyne ex Roth T. paniculata Roth T. travsncorensis Wt. & Arn.

CONNARACEAE Cannarus monocarpus Linn.

Rourea minor (Gaertn.) Alston

CONVOLVULACEAE Cuscuta chinensis Lamk. Erycibe paniculata Roxb. Evolvulus alsinoides (Linn.) Linn. E. nummularius (Linn.) Linn. Hewittia malabarica (Linn.)Suresh (M. sublobata (Linn. f. ) Kurz. )Ipomoea alba Linn. I. campanulata Linn. I. eriocarpa R. Br. I, hederifolia Linn. I. illustris (Cl.) Prain I. mauritiana Jacq. I. obscura (Linn. ) Ker.-Gawl. I. pes-caprae (Linn. ) R. Br. I. pes-tigrides Linn. I. pileata Roxb. Lepistemon leiocalyx Stapf Merremia chryseides (Ker. -Gawl. ) Hal I. f. M. tridentata ssp. hastata (Hall. f. )van Oost. M. tridentata (Linn. ) Hall. f. ssp. tridentata M. umbellata Hall. f. M. vitifolia (Burm. f.) Hall. f. Neuropeltis malabarica Van Oost. Rivea hypocrateriformis (Lamk.) Choisy

CORNACEAE Mastixia arborea (Wt.)Bedd. ssp. arborea M. arborea ssp. meziana (Wang) Mathew

CUCURBITACEAE Diplocyclos palmatus (Linn.) Asch. Gymnopetalum wightii Arn. Luffa acutangula (Roxb.) Cl. Melothria zeylancia Cl. Momordica dioica Roxb. ex Willd. Mukia leiosperma Thw. M. maderaspatana (Linn, ) Roem. M. scabrella Arn. Trichosanthes cucumerina Linn. T. cuspidata Lamk. T. nervifolia Linn. Zehneria mysorensis (Wt. & Arn.). Arn.

DICHAPETALACEAE Dichapetalum gelonioides (Roxb. ) Engl.

NS 147, 863 NS 846, 144, NG & NS 1907 NS 5167

VPK 1286, NG & NS 1663, NS 3027, 3706 NS 5285, 5474

VPK sn. NS 1456, 3346, 3372 NS 1164, 4602, VPK 1042 NS 5083 NS 3371

NS 5196 VPK on, NS 3913, 4917 NS 1429,4721 NS 4850 NS 3193 NS 3677, 4717 VPK & NS 2565 NS 859, 4718 NS 4753 NG 1490 NS 5218 NS 4740, 5217 VPK & NS 2554 NS 157, VPK 1293 NS 452, 3781 NS 5331 VPK 1049

VPK & MK 1561 NS 3434, 3843, 3153, 5009

NG & NS 1318, NS 4733 NS 3333 NS 4727 NS 3320 NS 1439, NG & NS 1894 VPK 896 NS 5144, NG & NS 1902 VPK sn. K Subraaaniyan 5404 VPK 123 K Subrasaniyaa 4976 NG & NS 1305

NS 1,468, 1776, 3844, 4091

DILLENIACEAE Acrotrema arnottianum Wt. Dil lenia bracteata Wt. D. pentagyna Roxb. Tetracera akara Herr.

DIPTEROCARPACEAE Dipterocarpua bourdillonii Brand. D. glandulosus Thw.

D. indicus Bedd. D. macrocarpus Vesq. D. zeylancus Thw. Hopea erosa (Bedd.) Van Sloot. (Balanocarpus erosa Bedd.) H. glabra Wt. & Arn. H. parviflora Bedd.

H, ponga (Dennst. )Mabber. (H. wightiana Wall, ex Wt. & Arn, )Shorea af f inis (Thw. ) Ashton S. congestiflora (Thw.) Ashton S. lissophylla Thw. S. stipularis Thw. Vateria indica Linn. V. macrocarpa Gupta

DROSERACEAE Drosera burmanni Vahl D. indica Linn. D. peltata Sm.

EBENACEAE Diospyros bourdillonii Brand. D. buxifol ia (Bl. ) Hiern D. cordifolia Roxb. D. crumenata Thw. D. malabarica (Desv.) Kostel (D. peregrina (Gaertn.) Gurke) D. montana Roxb. D. nilagirica Bedd. D. paniculata Dalz.

D. pruriens Dalz. D. sylvatica Roxb.

ELAEAGNACEAE Elaeagnus conferta Roxb. E. indica Serv.

ELAEOCARPACEAE Elaeocarpus glandulosum Uall. ex Herr. E. munronii (Wt.) Mast. E. recurvatus Corner E. serratus Linn.

NS 1441, 3143 NS 3640 NS 702 NG & NS 1656, 1721

NS sn. Arunachal am 7 (Sri Lanka) NS 3967, 5031, NS&KS 3108 CTS sn Arunachalaa 3 (Sri Lanka) NS 5050

NG & NS 1353 NS 3961, NS & CR 3024, NS & KS 3104 NS 3611, 4920, 4921

Arunachalam 2 (Sri Lanka) Arunachalam 10 (Sri Lanka) Arunachalan 4 (Sri Lanka) Arunachalam 11 (Sri Lanka) VPK 361, NS 5362 KS 3602, Chandbasha sn.

NS 3442 NS 4632, 5484 VPK 1093

NS 745, 3605, 3936, 4066 NS 754, 3388, 3490 VPK 1072 NS 3377, 3954, 3122, NS 4936

NS 3922, 5022 NS 3645

NG & NS 1936 NS 747 NS 758, 5433

NS 3437, 3383, 3485, 4877,

NS 1450, 4863, 5225 NS 487

NG 1532, NS 3314

VPK & NS 1040 NS 1453, 2808

VPK & NS 1840, NS 3164, 1976

E. tectorius (Lour. ) Poirt. E. tuberculatus Roxb.

VPK 347 NG 1533, 1760, NS 725, VPK 2615

ERICACEAE Gualtheria fragrantissima Wall. Rhododendron arboreum J. E. Sa.

ssp. nilagiricum (Zenk.) Tagg.

ERYTHROPAULACEAE Erythropalum scandens B1. (E. populifolium (Arn. ) Mast.)

ERYTHROXYLACEAE Erythroxylum monogynum Roxb.. E. moonii Hachr. E. obtusifolium Hook. f.

EUPHORBIACEAE Acalypha alnifolia Klein ex Willd. A , brachystachya Hornem. A. fruticosa Forsk. A. racemosa Val 1. ex Bail I . Actephila excelsa (Dalt. ) Mue1 l.-Arg. Agrostistachys borneensis Becc. (A. meeboldii Pax & Hoffm.) A. indica Dalz. Antidesma acidum Retz. A. bunius Spgr. A. ghaesembilla Gaertn. A. menasu Miq. ex Tul.

Aporusa acuminata Thw. A. bourdillonii Stapf. A. fusiformis Thw. A. lindleyana (Wt.) Baill.

Baccaurea courtallensis Muell.-Arg. Baliospermum montanum (Willd.) Muel1.-Arg. Bischofia javanica B1. Blachia denudata Benth. B. reflexa Benth. B. umbellata Baill, Breynia retusa (Dennst.) Alston B. vitisidaea (Burr. f.) Fischer Bridelia crenulata Roxb. (B. roxburghiana (Mue1 1. -Arg. ) Gaertn, )

Bride1ia scandens Grah.

Cleidion javanicum B l . Cleistanthus collinus Benth. Croton aromaticus Linn, C. bonplandianus Baill. C. caudatus Geisl. C. laccifer Linn. C. malabaricus Bedd.

VPK 322, VPK & MK 1556

VPK 265, CR 3446

NS 468, 4781, 5255, VPK 1179

NG&NS 1690 NS 3633 VPK sn.

NS 1247 NS 4675 VPK & NS 1880 VPK 1224, NS 3311, 3868 NG & NS 1904, VPK & NS 2520, NG & NS 1334, NG 2674

NS 3824 VPK 75, NS 3975, 3974 NS 162, 179 NS 4939

VPK 355, 295, 353 NS 1454, 5307, VPK 124 NS 721, 729 Pascal 1424, 1449, 1419 NG & NS 1662, NS 3441,3757, 4732, 4757 NS 720, 1410 NS 207, 3892, VPK 1261 NS 732, 3163, 3347, 3856 NS 1151, 3083 NS 3103 NS 4845, 4895, VPK 1584 NS 4882 NS 3304, 3674 NS 787, 3903

NS 1467, 756, 3653,

VPK 20, NS 459, 5259, CR & MK 2699 NG & NS 1664, NS 72 NS 134, 398 NG 1759 NS 3831 NG & NS 1947, NS 3958 VPK 1204 VPK 1223, NS 5074, 5400, 5025

C. zeylanicus Heul I. -Arg. Crozophora rottleri (Geisl. )Juss. Dimorphocalyx lawianus (Meull.-Arg.) Hook. f. Drypetes confertiflora (Hook. f.) Pax & Hoffa. D. elata (Bedd. ) Pax & Hoffm.

D. malabarica (Bedd.) Airy Shaw D. oblongifolia (Bedd.) Airy Shaw D, wightii (Hook. f.) Pax & Hoffa. Emblica officinalis Gaertn. Epiprinus mallotiformis (Meull.-Arg)Croizat (Symphillia mallotiformis Meull.-Arg. )Euphorbia antiquorum Linn. E. hirta Linn. E. laeta Heyne ex Roth E. nivul ia Buch. -Ham. E. thymifolia Linn, Excoecaria agallocha Linn. E. crenulata Wt. Fahrenheitia zeylanica (Thw.) Airy Shaw Givotia rottleriformis Griff. Glochidion ellipticum Wt. G. johnstonii Hook. f . G. tomentosum Dalt. G. velutinum Wt. G. zeylanicum A. Juss. G. neilgherrense Wt. Hevea braziliensis HBK. Homonoia riparia Lour. Kirganelia reticulata (Poir.) Baill. Macaranga peltata (Wt. ) Mue1l. Mallotus aureo-punctatus Meul1.-Arg.

M. beddomei Hook. f. M. distans Heul 1. -Arg. M. philipensis (Lamk.)Meull.-Arg. M. rhamnifolius Meul1.-Arg. M. tetracoccus (Roxb.) Kurz Margaritaria indica (Dalz.)Airy Shaw Micrococca merourialis (Linn.) Benth. Mineckia parvifolia (Wt.) Uebster Phyllanthes deblis Klein ex Willd. P. gardnerianus (Wt,) Baill. P. kozhikodianus Sivr. & Mani. P. macraei Meull. -Arg. P. urinaria Linn. P. virgatus Forst. Ricinus communis Linn. Sauropus quadrangularis Meu1l.-Arg. S. saxenianus Mani. et al. Sebastiana chamaelea (Linn.) Meul1.-Arg. Securinega leucopyrus (Willd.) Meull.-Arg. S. virosa (Roxb. ) Willd. Tragia involucrata Linn. T. hispida WilId.

NG & NS 1937 NS 3830 NS 3809, 4692, 4868 NS 3126, 3827, 4769 NS 165, 478, 3385, 3610, 4894, NG & NS 1363 US 5422, 5442 NS 1152, 174, 3937 NS & KS 3087 NS 1135 NS 5371

J. Joseph 15300 NS 186 VPK 319 NS 4824 VPK 492 Alavikkutty sn, Pascal 1484 NS 738, 3800 NS & KS 3118 CR & MK 2689 NS 456 VPK 1189 NS 4605 VPK 327, NS & NG 1717 VPK 232 NS 5335 NG & NS 1392, NS 5015 NS 4644, 3357 NS 143 NS 177, 166, VPK & NS 2521, 2522 NS 750, 746 NS 777, 4869, 4862 NS 1440, 1447, 728, 202 VPK 480, NS 719 NS 3354, 5105, 5053 NS 738, 3603, 5046 NS 775 NS 4720 NS 3723 VPK 1271, NS 3313, 5163 NS 87 J . Joseph 16233 NS 3721 VPK & NS 1823, NS 4658 NS 1298 NS 368 NG & NS 1893 VPK 1269 VPK & NS 1881 NS 3704 NS 838 NS 469

Trewia polycarpa Benth.

FABACEAE/PAPlLlONACEAE Abrus precatorius Linn. A. pulchellus Wall. ex Thw. Alysicarpus bupleurifolius (Linn.) DC. A. vaginalis (Linn.) DC.

var. heterophyllus Benth. ex Baker A, vaginalis (Linn. ) DC. var. vaginalis Atylosia lineata Wt. & Arn. A. scarabaeoides Benth. Butea parviflora Roxb. B. purpurea (Benth. ex Baker) Blatt. Calopogonium mucunoides Desr. Canavalia gladiata (Jacq.) DC. C. maritima (Aubl.) Urb. Centrosema pubescens Benth. Clitoria ternatea Linn. Crotalaria candicans Wt.& Arn. C. C. C, C. C. C. C. C. C. C. C.

C. C. C. C. C.

clarkei Gamble dubia Grah. evolvuloides Ut. & Arn. fysonii Dunn heyneana Grah. laev igata Lamk. mysorensis Roth nana Burm. f. pallida Ait. prostrata Roxb. retusa Linn.

salicifolia Heyne ex Wt. & Arn. semperflorens Vent. umbel lata Wt. verrucosa Linn. walkeri Arn.

Cytissus scoparius (Linn. ) Link Dalbergia beddomei Thoth, D. benthamii Prain D. candenatensis (Dennst.) flabber D. hor r ida ( Dennr t ) Mabber.

D. lanceolaria Linn. f.

D. latifolia Roxb.

D.paniculata Roxb. D. rubiginosa Roxb. D. sissoides Grah. ex Wt. & Arn.

NS 218, 1780, 3479, 3767

NS 1297, VPK & NS 2567 VPK & NS 2512, NS 3426, 3897 NS 5148

NS 5181 NS 3336 NS 2609 NS 379 NS 843 NS 5324 NS 849 NS 5160 VPK & NS 2555 NS 339, 3368 VPK sn. VPK 893 VPK 877 NG&NS 1389 NS 3745 CR 3453, Rice sn. NS 847, 3365, 3325 NS 5230, 5183 VPK 1045, NS 4686, 5147 VPK & NS 2576, NS 3875 NG & NS 1309, NS 3741 NS 1243 NS 1434, 5152, 5222, 5182 VPK & MK 1583 NS 4746 VPK 892 VPK 882 VPK sn. NS 5237 VPK 254 KKH Nair 3236 KKN Nair 3237 KKN Nair 3215 2801 NS 3010, 3083, KKN Nair 3229,2889,2834, 2858,2857,2880 NS 397, KKN Nair 2852,2878 2860,2851,2888,2815,2848, 2828,2895,2845,2892,2840, 3233,2883,2837 V P K 79, NS 4690 KKN Nair 2871 2875,2819,2817,3211,3214, 2893,2608,2809,2820,2890, 2873,2807 KKN Nair 2811,2812 KKN Nair 2821,2824 NS 706, 1168, WG 1516 KKN Nair 2843,2885,2627,

D. sisso Roxb. D. volubilis Roxb.

Derris brevipes (Benth.) Baker D. canarensis (Dalz) Baker D. scandens (Roxb.) Benth. D. thyrsif lora var. eualata (Bedd. ) Thoth. D. trifoliata Lour. Desmodium gangeticum (Linn.) DC. D. heterocarpon (Linn.) DC. var. heterocarpon D. heterophyllum (Willd.) DC. D. laxiflorum DC. D. motorium (Houtt.) Herr. D. pulchel lum (Linn. ) Desr. D. fysonii Grah. D. rufescans DC. D. triangulare (Retz.) Herr. D. triflorum (Linn.) DC. D. triquetrum DC. D. velutinum (Willd.) DC. Dunbaria ferruginea Wt. & Arn. D. heynei Wt. & Arn. Erythrina stricata Roxb. Flemingia bracteata Wt. F. chappar (Ham. ex Benth. ) 0. Ktze. F. grahamiana Ut. & Arn. F. macrophylla (Willd.) Prain ex Herr. F. aemialata Roxb. F. strobilifera (Linn.) Alston Glycine wightii (Wt. & Arn.) Verdc.

G. wightii var. coimbatorensis Ajita Sen Indigofera astragalina DC. I. colutea (Bura. f . ) tlerr. I. glabra Linn. I. hirsuta Linn. I. linnaei Ali I. pedicellata Ut. & Arn. I. spicata Forsk. I. trifol iata Linn. I. uniflora Buch.-Ham. ox Roxb. Kunstleria keralense Hohanan & Nair Lablab purpureus (Linn.) Sweet Milletia rubiginosa Wt. & Arn. Mucuna pruriens (Linn.) DC. Mundulea sericea (Willd.) A. Cheval. M. suberosa (DC.) Benth.) Ormocarpum chinense (Lour. ) Herr.

var. wight i i

2839,2846,2802,2661, 2855 , 3209,3208,3234,3220,3219, 3216,2865,2884,2870,2879, 2818,2897 KKN Nair 3212,3213 NS 3439, 3487, 3679, 3805, NG & NS 1658, KKN Nair 2825 2830,2826,2814,2856,2823,2829, 2874,2872,2866,2877,2686,2835, 2881,3218,2818,2832,3207,2850 NS 5060, 5325 NS 3924, 4655 NS 3177, 3987 NG & NS 1944, NS 5395 Alavikkutty sn NS 1299 NS 3349, 5247, VPK & MK 1582 NS 2601, 3977 NS. 1435,3884, 4709 NS 1421, 382 NS 1414, 4708 VPK 883 VPK 240 NS 156, 1955, NS 3722 NS 370, 5190 NS 377, 3422, VPK 1088 NS 5232, 5275 NS 3394 NS 2603 NS 449 VPK 226 NS 1401 NS 5216, 5288 NS & CR 3018,

VPK 1065 NS 4716, 5268 NS 4627 NS 3739 VPK & NS 2575 NS 765 NS 5153 Rice sn., VPK 885 NS 4696, 5204 NS 4685 NS 5436 VPK 673

4620

VPK 868

NS 5242

NG&NS 1912, NS 5408, 5131 NG & NS 1359, 1355, NS 388 VPK sn

NS 4610, 4619

Ormosia travancorica Bedd. Parochetus communis Ham. ex D. Don Peuraria phaseoloides Benth. P. tuberosa DC. Phaseolus aconitifolius Jacq. P. adenanthus Mey. P. calcaratus Roxb. P. subulatus Roxb. Pongamia pinnata (Linn.) Pierre Paeudarthria viscida (Linn.) Wt. & Arn. Pterocarpus marsupium Roxb. Pycnospora leutescens (Poir.) Schult. Rhynchosia acutissima Thw. R. cyanosperma Benth. Rothia indica (Linn. ) Druce (R. trifoliata (Roth) Pers. )Sesbania bispinosa (Jacq.) W. Wright Shuteria vestita Wt. & Arn. Smithia sensitiva W. Ait. Stylosanthes fruticosa (Retz.) Alston Tephrosia purpurea Pers. T. pulcherrima (Wt. ex Baker) Drum. T. tinctoria Pers. T. villosa (Linn.) Pers. Teramnus labialis (Linn.) Spreng. Uraria alopecuroides Wt. U. rufescens (DC.)_ Schind. (V. hamosa Wall.) Vigna pilosa (Roxb.) Baker V. trilobata (Linn.) Verdc. V. umbellata (Thunb.) Ohwi & Ohashi V. wightii Benth. ex Bedd. Zornia gibbosa Spah.

FLACOURTIACEAE Casearia ovata (Lamk.) Willd. C. rubescens Dalz. C. wynadensis Bedd. Flacourtia montana Grah. Homalium zeylanicum (Gard.) Benth. Hydnocarpus alpina Wt. H. macrocarpus (Bedd. ) Warb. H, pentandra (Buch.-Ham.) Oken Scolopia crenata (Wt. & Arn.) Clos.

S. crenata var. brevifolia Mukh.

GENTIANACEAE Canscora diffusa R. Br. C. pauciflora Dalz. C. perfoliata Lamk. C. wallichii Cl. Exacum bicolor Roxb. E. perrottetii Griseb. E. sessile Linn.

var. crenata

NG 1503, NS 3124, 3764 VPK 1004 NS 4813 NS 5329 Ell is 18069 KM Sebastine 13674 KM Sebastine 10045 K Subramaniyam 6427 NS 3359, 3948 NS 376, 3338 VPK 1226, NS 82, 861 NS 1972 NS 3802 VPK sn VPK 1041

NS 795, 3983 VPK 872 NG & NS 1326 NS 3415 NS 4856 NS 2604 VPK & NS 2561, NS 4884, 4695, 5r NS 4854, VPK 1046 NS 3331, 3885, VPK & NS 2536 VPK sn. NS 1402, 369, 443, 4745

NS 3686, 4728, 5165 NS 4971 NS 3899, 4722 NS 5266 VPK 1035, VPK & NS 2543,

NS 1934 NS 3926 NS 5068 NS 4766, 4084, 4712 VPK 866, NS 3806, 3792 NS 716, 3609, 3489, 5223

NS 214, 718, 744, 5153, 4652 NS 5365,

NS 3374, 4883 VPK 333

NS 3400, 4735, 3746 NS 213 VPK 1129, NS 3321, 4992, 5195 VPK sn. NS 2597 NG & NS 1352 NS 3189

E. wightianum Arn. Gentiana quadrifaria B1. Hoppea fastigata (Griseb.) CI. Swertia corymbosa Wt. S. lawii Hook. f.

GERANIACEAE Aeschynanthes perrottetii A. DC.

Didymocarpus fischeri Gamble D. tomentosa Wt. Epithema carnosum (G. Don) Benth. Geranium nepalense Sweet Rhynchoglossum notonianum (Wall.) Burtt

R. permolle (Nees) Burtt (Isanthera permollis Nees)

GOODENIACEAE Scaevola sericea Vahl. H IPPOCRATEACEAE Loesneriella arnottiana L. bourdillonii (Gamble) Reissantia grahamii (Wt.)R. indica (Willd. ) Halle Salacia beddomei Gamble S. fruticosa Laws. S. macrosperma Wt. S. oblonga Wall.

(Wt.) A. C. Sm. Ramam. Ding Hou

HYDROPHYLLACEAEHydrolea zeylanica (Linn.) Vahl

HYPERICACEAE Hypericum mysorense Heyne

ICACINACEAE Apodytes dimidiata E. Meyer ex Arn. Gomphandra coriacea Wt. Miquelia dentata Bedd. Nothapodytes foetida (Wt.) Sleum.

Sarcostigma kleinii Wt. & Arn.

LAMlACEAE/LABlATAE Acrocephalus hispidus (Linn.) Nicolson & Sivad. Colebrookea oppositifolia Sm. Coleus malabaricus Benth. C. zeylanicus (Benth.) Cramer Gomphostemma heyneanum Wall. ex Benth.

G. heyneanum var. rottteri Prain Eusteralis malabarica N. C. Majum. Hyptis suaveolens Poir. Leucas biflora R. Br.

var . heyneanum

VPK 259 VPK & NS 1849 NS 4633, 5144 VPK 1092 NS 2596

VPK 1025, 3117, NG & NS 1347, NS 5314 VPK 126 VPK & NS 1890

VPK 1101 VPK 1213, VPK & NS 1859, NS 1808 NG & NS 1372, NS 5465, VPK 113

NS 4670, 5459, NG&NS 1909

NS 5388

NS 3944 NS 3621, 1782, 3838 NS 4777 NS 3382 VPK 331, NS 3643, 4918 NG & NS 1659, NS 3425, 1729 NS 3484, 3940 NS 3074, 3382, 4870

VPK 493, NS 3821

VPK 229, VPK&NS 1813

NS 3628 VPK 1215, NS 3900 NG & NS 1935, NS 3391, 3814, 4888 VPK 1034, HG & NS 1928, VPK & CR 2622 NS 1456, 3392, 5169, NG 1748

VPK & NS 2550, NS 4694 NS 212, 5028, 5317 VPK 1027, NS 1927 NS 3681

NS 1241 NS 848 VPK & NS 2562 NS 395 NS 371

L. ciliata Bonth. L. lanceaefolia Desf. L. martinicensis R. Br. L. suff ruticosa Banth. L. tenuifolia Desf. Micromeria biflora (Ham. ex D. Don) Benth. Ocimum americanum Linn. Orthosiphon aristatus (Bl.) Miq. 0. thymiflorus (Roth) Slees. Plectranthus coesta Ham. ex Don Pogostemon plectranthoides Desf. Scuteliaria violacea Benth.

LAURACEAE Actinodaphne malabarica Balakr. Alseodaphne semecarpifolia Nees Apollonias arnottii Nees Beilschmiedia bourdillonii Brand. Cassytha fi1if ormis Linn. Cinnmomum riparium Gamble C. sulphuratum Nees C. verum Presl. Cryptocarya bourdillonii Gamble Litsea bourdillonii Gamble L. coriacea Hook. f. L. f loribunda Gamble L. insignis Gamble L. travancorica Gamble L. wightiana (Nees) Hook. f. Neolitsea zeylanica (Nees) Merr. Persea macrantha (Nees) Kostern. (Machilus macrantha Nees) Phoebe cathia (G. Don) Kosterm. P. lanceolata Nee8 P. paniculata Nees

LECYTHIDACEAE Barringtonia acutangula (Linn.) Gaertn. Careya arborea Rowb.

LEEACEAE Leea asiatica (Linn.) Ridsd. (L. crispa van Royen) L. guineensis G. Don L. indica (Burm. f. ) Merr. L. macrophylla Roxb.

LENTIBULARlACEAE Utricularia caerulea Linn. U. graminifolia Vahl U. striatula Sw.

LINACEAE Hugonia mystax Linn. Linum mysorense Heyne ex Benth.

VPK 273 VPK 269 VPK 1056 VPK 1096 VPK 267 VPK 224 NS 5489 NS 4672 NS 3853 VPK 881 VPK 489 VPK 300

NS 462, 741, 3340, 5128 NS 216 VPK 1180 NS & CR 3017 VPK & NS 2580 Pascal 1403 UPK 314,NS 3642 NS 1159 NS 3156, 4826, 4873, NG 1752, NS 5243 NS 724, 457 NG 1762 NG 53 NS 1460 VPK & NS 1871 VPK 315 NS 1433, 455, 1130, 5227 CR & MK 2697 NS 3929 Pascal 1434 VPK sn.

VPK 479, NS 4811 NS 3949

VPK 1185, NS 5124

NS 3137, NS 206, 3620 NS 4988

VPK 1124 VPK 1123 VPK 114

VPK & NS 2569 VPK & CR 2617

LOBELIACEAE Lobelia alsinoides Lamk. NS 132 L. heyneana Roem. & Schult. NS 5193 L. nicotianiifolia Roth ex Roem. & Schult. NS 1459 Sphenoclea zeylanica Gaertn. NS 3712

LOGANIACEAE Buddleja asiatica Lour. Fagraea ceilanica Thunb. Gardneria ovata Wall. Mitrasacme alsinoides R. Br. Strychnos cinnamomifolia Thw. var. wightii A. W. Hill

S. minor Dennst. (S. colubrina sensu Cl.) S. nux-vomica Linn, S. potatorum Linn. f.

LORANTHACEAE Dendrophthoe falcata (Linn. f.) Etting. Helicanthes elastica (Desv.) Danser Helixanthera intermedia (Hook. f.) Danser H. obtusata (Schul t. ) Danser H. wallichiana (Schult.)Danser Korthalsella japonica Engl. Macrosolen parasiticus (Linn.) Danser Scurrula parasitica Linn. Taxillus courtallensis (Gamble) Danser T. cuneatus (Roth) Danser T. tomentosus (Roth) van Tiegh. Viscum angulatum Heyne ex DC. V. nepalense Spreng. V. orientale Willd.

LYTHRACEAE Lagerstroemia microcarpa Ut. L. reginae Rowb. Rotala malampuzhensis R. V.Nair ex Cook

MAGNOLIACEAE Michelia champaca Linn.

MALPHIGHIACEAE Aspidopterys canarensis Dalz. Hiptage benghalensis (Linn.) Kurz

MALVACEAE Abelmoschus manihot (Linn.) Medic. ssp. tetraphyllus (Roxb. ) Borss.

A. moschatus Medic. Abutilon persicum (Burm. f.) Merr. Hibiscus furcatus Roxb. H. lobatus (Murr.) Ktze. H. lunarifolius Sweet H. rosa-sinensis Linn.

NG & NS 1387 NS 140, 772 VPK 357, NS 3626 NS 4634

NS 3378, 4776 VPK & NS 2528, NS 5023

NS 3784 VPK & NS 1887

NS 389, 470, 701 NS 390, 388 VPK 343, NS 3171 VPK & NS 1870, VPK & MK 1584 NG & NS 1920 VPK 272 NS 742, VPK 275 NS 385 VPK 250 NS 5030 NS 1448, 486, VPK 231 VPK 337 NS 3783 NS 3743

NS 780 NS 3176, 3497 NS 4640

VPK 345

VPK 351 NS 3395, 3939, KM Sebastine 4374

NS 1425, 3891 NS 4703, 5146 VPK 19, NS 3833 NS 3908 NS 3328 VPK 1053 VPK sn.

H. surattensis Linn. Julostyl is angustifol ia Thw. Kydia calycina Roxb. Pavonia zeylanica (Linn.) Cav. Sida acuta Burm.f. S. beddomei Jacob S. cordata (Burm. f. ) Borss. S. cordifolia Linn. S. mysorensis Coma. ex Cav. S. rhombifolia Linn, ssp. rhombifol ia S. rhombifolia ssp. retusa (Linn. ) Borss. Thespesia lampas (Cav. ) Dalz. & Gibs, Urena lobata Linn. ssp. lobata U. lobata ssp. sinuata (Linn.) Borss.

MELASTOMATACEAE Clidemia hirta (Linn.) DC. Medinel la beddomei CI. M. malabarica Bedd. Melastoma malabathricum Linn. Memecylon decanense C1. M. gracile Bedd. M. heyneanum Benth. ex Wt. & Arn. Osbeckia aspera (Linn.) Bl. O. leschenaultiana DC. O. parvifolia Arn. O. reticulata Bedd. O. truncata D. Don ex Wt. & Arn. O. wynadensis C1. Sonerilla grandiflora Wall. S. rheedei Wt. & Arn. S. versicolor Wt. var. axillaris (Wt.) Gamble S. wallichii Benn.

MELIACEAE Aglaia barberi Gamble A. canarensis Gamble A. elaeagnoidea (Juss. ) Benth. A. indica (Hook. f. ) Harms A. lawii (Wt.) Sald.

A. minutiflora Eedd. A. tamilnadensis Nair & Rajan Aphanamixis polystachya (Wall.) Parker Chloroxylon swietenia DC. Chukrassia tabularis A. Juss. Cipadessa baccifera (Roth) Miq. Dysoxylum beddomei Hiern D. ficiforme (Wt.) Gamble D. malabaricum Bedd. ex Hiern Melia azederach Linn. M. dubia Cav. Munronia pinnata (Wall. ) Harms -

Naregamia alata Wt. & Arn.

NS 4705 NS 3004, 5231 NS 460, NG & NS 1308 V P K 1040 NS 155 NS 1405, 4726 NS 84 NS 4725 NS 3878, NG & NS 1310 NG & NS 1357 NS 1198 NS 3880 V P K 886, NS 5228 NS 844

NS 3159 NG 1744, NS 737, 3664, 3149 V P K 1114, NS 3142 V P K 329, 1710 NS 3760 NS 3147 NS & NG 1695 NG 1756, NS 1438, 5282, 5500 Rice sn V P K 1103 V P K 264 NS 832 NS 5366 V P K 1120 NS 1933 NG & NS 1342 NS 5479

NS 3787, 5088 NS 3612, 3962, NG & NS 1903 V P K & NS 2518 NS 3353 NS 760, NS & CR 3011, NS & K S 3075

NS 3798 NS 2950, NS & V P K & NS 1879 NS 3828, 4780 NS 3306, 3857 NS 3919, 4028 NS 3138 Bhat 5005 NS 3862 NS 791, 1132

NG & NS 1898

KS 3106, 3120

VPK 1165, NS 5059, NG & NS 1373 NS 392

Reinwardtiodendron anamalaiense (Bedd.) Mabber. (Lansium anmalaiense Bedd.) Swietenia macrophylla King Toona ciliata Roem.

Trichilia connaroides (Wt.& Arn. ) Bent.

Turraea villosa Benn. Walsura trifolia ( A. Juss. ) Harms

MENISPERMACEAE Anamirta cocculus (Linn.) Wt. & Arn. Cissanpelos pariera

Coscinium fenestratum (Gaertn.) Celebr. Cyclea peltata (Lamk. ) Hook. f. & Thoms. Diploclisia glauscesens (Bl.) Diels Stephania japonica (Thunb.) fliers S. wightii (Arn.) Dunn Tiliacora acuminata (Lank.) Miers Tinospora sinensis (Lour. ) Herr.

MIMOSACEAE Abarema bigemina (Linn.) Kosterr. A. subcoriacea (Thw. ) Korterm. Acacia auriculiformis A. Cunn. ex Benth. A. caesia Willd. A. catechu Willd. A. mangium Willd. A. pennata (Linn. ) Willd. A. rugata (Lamk.) Merr. A. sinuata (Lour.) Merr. A. torta (Roxb.) Craib Adenanthera pavonina Linn. Albizia chinensis (Osb.) Merr. A. lebbeck (Linn.) Willd. A. odoratissima (Linn. f.) Benth, A. procera (Roxb.) Benth. Dichrostachys cineria (Linn. )Wt. & Arn. Entada rheedei Spreng. ( E. scandens auct. non Benth. )Mimosa invisa Hart. M. pudica Linn. Paraserianthes falcataria (Linn.) Neilson (Albizia falcataria (Linn.) Fosb. )Pithecellobium gracile Bedd. Samanea saman (Jacq. ) Merr. Xylia xylocarpa (Roxb.) Taub.

var. hirsuta (DC. ) Forman

MORACEAE Antiaris toxicaria Lesch. Artocarpus gomezianus Wall. ex Trecl. ssp. zey lanicus Jarett

A. heterophyllus Lamk. A. hirsutus Lamk.

NS 3622, 3375, 3759, VPK 1290 NS 18 NS 2904, 1440, 471, VPK & CR 2623 NS 3825, 5006, 5312, NG & NS 1381

NS 3796, 4785, 4760 NS 3067, 3851, 4606, 4864

VPK 1217, NS 3438, 3871,

VPK 1064, NS 3820 NS 1143, 3199 NS 211, 5333, NG & NS 1918 VPK 311, NS 2960, 3827 NS 5016, 5107 NS 220, 5349 NS 3747, 4823

NS 1420, 3795, VPK 359 J . Joseph 13222 Kedarnath 3729 VPK sn NS 1248 Kedarnath 3730 NS 5299 NG & NS 1330 NS 3834, 4758 NS 5087, 5207, NG & NS 1317 NS 3868 NS 5391 NS 1139, 3947 NS 145, 3911 NS 3859 NS 1249 NS 3607, 4806, 5229

NS 5212 NS 865 NS 4852

VPK & MK 1599, NS 4843 NS 5446 NS 133, 709

NS 753, 4900

NS 130, 3755, 3804, NG 1622 NS 3344, 4836 NS 3910

Dorstenia indica Wall. ex W t . Ficus amplissima J . E. Sm. F. arnottiana (Miq.) Miq. F. beddomei King F. benghal ensis L inn. F. callosa Willd. F. dalhousiae Miq. F. drupacea var. pubescens (Roth) Corner F. exaspsrata Vahl F. hispida Linn. f. F. mollis Vahl F. nervosa Heyne ex Roth F. racemosa Linn. F. tinctoria Forst.

F. tsjahela Burm. f. Streblus asper Lour.

ssp. tinctoria (Wil Id. ) Corner

MYRISTICACEAE Gymnacranthera canarica (King) Warb. Knema attenuata (Hook. f. & Thoms. ) Warb. Myristica dactyloides Gaertn.

M. magnifica Bedd, H. malabarica Lamk.

MYRSINACEAE Ardisia rhomboidea Wt. A. solanacea Roxb. A. sonchifolia Mez Embelia adnata Bedd. ex Cl. E. ribes Burm. f. E. tsjeriam-cottam A. DC. Maesa indica (Roxb.) DC.

MYRTACEAEEugenia thwaitesii Duthie Rhodomyr tus tomentosa Wt.Syzygium caryophyllatum (Linn.) Alston S. chavaran (Bourd.) Gamble S. cumini (Linn.) Skeels S. gardneri Thw. S. heyneanum Wall .S. laetum (Ham.) Gandhi

S. lanceolatum (Lamk. J Wt. & Arn. S. malabaricum (Bedd.) Gamble S. munronii (Wt.) Chandr. S. occidentalis (Bourd. ) Gamble S. travancoricum Gamble S. zeylanicum (Linn.) DC.

NYCTAGINACEAEBoerhavia chinensis (Linn.) Asch. & Scheinf. B. diffusa Linn.

NS 5374 NS 3871 NS 1146 NS 454 VPK & NS 2534 NS 465, 3946 NS 797 NS 3968, 5001, NS & KS 3112 NS 499, CR & MK 2920 NS 1142 VPK 1074 NS 3480, 3825, 3960, 4943 NS 1144

NS 3874 NS 1415, 3752 NS 181

NG & NS 1712, NS 4814 NS 1404, 1418, 3343, 3496 NS 474, 3705, 5233, 5353, NG & NS 1343 NS 3429 NS 1470, 3436, 3813

VPK 1115 VPK 326, NS 2607 Pascal 1454 NG & NS 1939 VPK 294, NS 3160, 3623 NS 3708 NS 461, 5278, VPK 238, CR & HK 2690

NS 3898 VPK 270 VPK 336, NS 4935 NS 3758, 3923, 5252 NG 1796, NS 5267, CR 710 NS 4837, 5041 NS 219 NS 477, 739, 3386, 4792, HG & NS 1365, CR &D MK 2704 NS & NG 1724 NS 5086 NS 5240 NS 5401 VPK 341, NS 4923 VPK 1170, 335

VPK sn NS 498, 3678

Pisonia aculeata Linn. NS 4899

OCHNACEAE Gomphia serrata (Gaertn.) Kamis

OLACACEAE Olax imbricata Roxb. Strombosia ceilanica Gard.

OLEACEAEChionanthes mala-elengi (Dennst.) Green

(Linociera malabarica Wall. ex. G. Don) Jasminum azoricum Linn. J. malabaricum Wt. J. pubescens Willd. J. rottlerianum Wall. ex A. DC. J. roxburghianum Wall. Ligustrum travancoricum Gamble L. walkeri Done. Myxopyrum smilacifolium A. W. Hill Olea dioica Roxb.

ONAGRACEAE Fuschia corymbosa R. & P. Ludwigia hyssopifolia (G. Don) Exel. L. perennis Linn. L. peruviana (Linn.) Hara Trapa nutans Linn.

var. bispinosa (Roxb. ) Makino

OPIL1ACEAE Cansjera rheedei Gmel.

OROBANCHACEAE Aeginetia indica Linn. A. pedunculata Wall.

OXALIDACEAE Biophytum reinwardtii Edw. & Hook. f. Oxalis corniculata Linn.

PAPAVERACEAE Argemone mexicana Linn.

PASSIFLORACEAE Adenia hondala (Gaertn.) de Wilde Passiflora foetida Linn. P. I eechenaul ti i DC. P. subpeltata Ortega

PEDALIACEAE Martynia annua Linn. Sesamum indicum Linn. S. prostratum Retz.

VPK 350, NS 4940

NS 175, 4881 NS 3384, 4859, NG & NS 1665

NS 161, 3938, 5289, NS & CR 3015

VPK 22, NS 4770 NS 1775, 4915 NS 399 NS 771 VPK sn VPK 358 NS 5092, 1739 NG & NS 1942, NS 3702, 3751 NS 159, 4756, NG 1522, CR & MK 2688

VPK 1009 NS 3738 NS 3988 NG & NS 1321

J. Joseph 17754

VPK 1081

NS 4611; Chandbasha sn NS 1956

NS 4982, 86 NS 1294

VPK sn

NS 735, 3791 NS 4952 VPK 298, VPK & MK 1562 NG & NS 1308

Kedarnath 3725 NS 4613, 4623 Kedarnath 3726

PIPERACEAE Peperomia pellucida (Linn.)HBK. P. portulacoides (Lamk.) Dietr. P. tetraphylla (Forst. ) Hook, & Arn. Piper attenuatum Buch.-Ham. P. P. P. P. P. P. P. P.

barberi Gamble brachystachyum Wall. galeatum Cav. longum Linn. mu1 lesua Ham. ex D. Don nigrum Linn. trichostachyon (Miq.) C. DC. wightii Miq.

Pothomorphe subpel tata (Wi1ld) Miq. (Hackeria subpeltata (Willd) Kunth. )

PITTOSPORACEAE Pittosporum neilgherrense Wt. & Arn.

PLNTAGINIACEAE Plantago major Linn.

PLUMBAGlNACEAE Plumbago indica Linn. P. zeylanica Linn,

POLYGALACEAE Polygala arillata Ham. P. arvensis Willd. P. rosmarinifolia Wt. & Arn. P. sibirica Linn.

var. heyneana (Wall.) Benn.

POLYGONACEAE Polygonum barbatum Linn. P. chinenoe Linn. P. glabrum Willd. P. nepalense Meissn. P. plebium R. Br. Rumex nepalensis Spreng.

PORTULACACEAEPortulaca oleracea Linn. P. pilosa Linn. var. tuberosa (Roxb.) Sivar.

PRIMULACEAE Lysimachia del toidea Wt.

PROTEACEAE Helicia nilagirica Bedd.

NS 858 NG & NS 1348, NS 5112 VPK 306 Ramamur thy 16153 NS 120, 3144, 3846 VPK 290 Ramamurthy 16145 NS 840, 448, 3330, VPK 1273 NS 3148 NS 4810 NS 3668 VPK & NS 1855 VPK 1ll, NG & NS 1895, NS 5115

VPK 276, NG & NS 1895, NS 5106

VPK 251

NS 1300 V P K 1062

VPK 225, VPK & MK 1550 NS 3718,VPK 1222 NG & NS 1349,

VPK 268

VPK 405 NS 470, 4823, VPK 494, NG & VPK 1102 NS 3709 VPK & NS 1842

NS 708 NS 5122

VPK 1111

NS 1471

NS 5199

5192, VPK 280 NS 1360

RANUNCULACEAE Anemone rivularis Ham. VPK 248

Clematis gouriana Roxb. ex DC.

C. munroana Yt. Naravelia zeylanica (Linn.) DC. Ranunculus peninsularis Sald. ( R. reniformis Wall. ex Wt. & Arn. )R. wallichianus Wt. & Arn. Thalictrum foliolosum DC.

RHAMNACEAEGouania microcarpa DC. Rhamnus wightii Wt. & Arn. Ventilago bombaiensis Dalt. V. calyculata Tul. V. madraspatana Gaer tn. Ziziphus oenoplia Hill. Z. rugosa Lamk.

Z. xylopyrus (Rett. ) Willd.

NS 458, 3669, 5309, UPK 897, NG & NS 1307 VPK 292, VPK & NS 1821

VPK 1094 NS 178, 3367, 3904, 5156

VPK 1024 NC Nair 17135

NS 451, 210, 3421, 5228 VPK 1010 NS 476, 3953, 4764, 5311 J Joseph 12429 K M Sebastine 2401 NS 799 NS 171, 3650, VPK 482, 1186, NG 1524 NS 4912

RHIZOPHORACEAE Blepharistemma serratum (Dennst.)Suresh NS 3815, 3850, 3856,

(B. mebranifiolia (Miq. ) Ding Hou) Brugiera cylindrica Wt. & Arn. KH Sebastine 5203 Carallia brachiata (Lour.) Merr. NS 3324,3754, VPK 490 Rhizophora candelaria DC. KM Sebastine 5204 R. mucronata Lamk. Ramaaurthy 13066

4794, NG & NS 1666

ROSACEAE Atuna travancorica (Bedd.) Kosterm. (Parinarium travancoricum Bedd.) Eriobotrya japonica (Thunb.) Lindl. Prunus cerasoides D. Don P. ceylanica (Wt.) Miq.

Rosa leschenaultiana Wt. & Arn. Rubus ellipticus Sm. R. fockei Gandhi R. niveus Thw. R. racemosus Roxb. R. rugosus Sm.

NG 1505, NS 5359

VPK & MK 1563 VPK 1011, Rao 10916 NS 4691, 5029, 5127, VPK & NS 1852, VPK & CR 2621 VPK 900 VPK 887 NG & NS 1361 VPK 227 VPK 1031 VPK 260

RUBIACEAE Argostemma cour tall ens is Arn. A. verticillatum Wall. NS 3305 Canthium rheedei DC NS 3146, NG & NS 1925 C. angustifolium Roxb. NS 774, 4893, 4801 (C. rheedei DC. var. angustifolium (Roxb. ) Gamble)

C. travancoricum (Bedd. ) Hook. f . NS 3952 C. umbellatum Wt. NS & KS 3071 Chasalia ophioxyloides (Wa11.) Craib. NS 5116, VPK & NS 2515,

Coffea travancorensis Wt. & Arn. VPK 78 Dentella repens (Linn.) JR & G. Forst. NS 3309

NS 1230, 3195, VPK 786

VPK 1160

Galium mollugo Linn.

Geophila harbacea (Jacq.) K. Schum. Haldina cordifolia (Roxb.) Ridsd. Hedyotis auricularia Linn. (Oldenlandia auricularia (Linn.) Schum.) H. caerulea Wt. & Arn. (Oldenlandia caerulea (Wt. & Arn. ) Gamble) H. corymbosa (Linn.) Lamk. (Oldenlandia corymbosa Linn.) H. diffusa Willd. (Oldenlandia diffusa (Willd.) Roxb.) H. harbacea Linn. (Oldenlandia herbacea (Linn.) Roxb.) H. hygrophi la Breaek. H. nitida (Wt. & Arn. )Gamble (Oldenlandia nitida Wt. & Arn.) H. nudicaulis (Roth) Wt. & Arn. (Oldenlandia nudicaulis Roth) H. pinifolia Wall. ex G. Don H. pruinosa Wt. & Arn. (Oldenlandia pruinosa (Wt. & Arn. ) O. Ktze. H. puberula (G. Don) Arn. (Oldenlandia umbellata Linn.) H. stylosa R. Br. ex Wt. & Arn. (Oldenlandia stylosa (Wt. & Arn.) Kurz) H. swertioides Hook. f. (Oldenlandia swertioides (Hook. f.) 0. Ktze. H. trinervia (Retz.) Roemer & Schult. (Oidenlandia trinervia Retz.) Hydrophylax maritima Linn. f. Hymenodic tyon obova tum Wall. H. orixense (Roxb.) Mabber. (H. excelsum(Roxb.) Wall. )Ixora brachiata Roxb. ex DC. I. coccinea Linn. I. elongata Heyne I. malabarica (Dennst. ) Mabber. I, nigricans Roxb. ex Wt. & Arn. I. notoniana Wall.Knoxia mollis Wt. & Arn. K. sumatrensis Retz. Lasianthus acuminatus Wt. L. jackianus Wt. L. rostratus Wt.Mitracarpus villosus (Sw.) DC. (M. verticillatus Watke) Mitragyna parvifolia (Roth) Korth. M. tubulosa (Arn. ) Havil. Morinda citrifolia Linn. M. pubescens JE. Sn.( M. tinctoria Roxb.) M. reticulata Gamble Mussaenda be1illa Ham. (M. laxa (Hook. f.) Gamble)

ssp. asperifolium (Wall.) Kitamura VPK 875 NS 3816, 4659, VPK 783 NS 798 NS 5154, 1416

NS 2593

NS 864

VPK & NS 2549

VPK 1037, VPK & NS 2541, NS 4680, 5186 NS 5143 NS 1444, 831, 4682

NS 5126

NS 1953, 4698 NS 1458

VPK 1038

VPK 266

VPK 1033, VPK & NS 1843

VPK 2552

VPK & NS 2559 NS, 1948, 5279 NS -779, 853

NS 1406, 170, 3768 NS 4901, VPK & NS 2533 NS 4832 NS 3806, 4707 NS 1419, 163, 3863 Pascal 1447 VPK 1019 NS 3303 VPK & NS 1853 NG & NS 1386 NS 5440, 3094 NS 188

NS 714, 158, 3661 NS 1431, 3965 VPK & NS 2546 NS 5070

NS 3840, NG & NS 1715 NS 762

M. hirsuitima (Hook. f.) Hutch. Mycetia acuminata 0. Ktre. Neanotis indica (DC.) H. W. Lewis N. quadrilocularis (Thw.) H. W. Lewis Neolamarkia cadamba (Roxb.) Bosser (Anthocephalus cadamba Roxb.) Neonauclea purpurea (Roxb.) Herr. Ochreinauclea missionis (Wall. ex G. Don) (Nauclea missionis Wall. )Ophiorrhiza brunonis Wt. & Arn. O. grandiflora Wt. O. hirsutula Wt. ex Hook. f. O. mungos Linn. Pavetta calophylla Bremek. Prismatomeris tetrandra (Roxb.) K. Schum. Psychotria anamallayana Bedd. P. globicephala Gamble P. sekharana Ramam. & Rajan Randia brandisii Gamble R. rugulosa (Thw. ) Hook. f.

Rubia cordifolia Linn.

Spermacoce hispida Linn. (Borreria articularis (Linn.) K. Schua.) S. mauritiana Osea Gidem ex Verdc. (Borreria ocymoidea (Burm. f. ) DC. )S. pusilla Uall. S. ramanii Sivar. & Nair Tarenna alpestris (Wt.) Balakr. (Stylocoryne leuscens .- (Hook. f. ) Gamble) T. asiatica (Linn.) Ktta. ex Schua, T. monosperma (Wt. & Arn.) Raju (Stylocoryne monosperma Wt. & Arn. )T. trichurensis Sasi. & Sivar. Wendlandia bicuspidata Wt. & Arn. W. lawii Hook. f. W. notoniana Wall. Xeromphis uliginosa (Retz.) Mahes. (Randia uliginosa Retz.)

RUTACEAE Acronychia pedunculata (Linn.) Miq. Atalantia racemosa Ut. & Arn. A. wightii Tanaka Clausena dentata (Willd.) Roem.

C. heptaphylla Wt. & Arn. C. indica (Dalz.) Oliver Euodia lunu-ankenda (Gaertn. ) Merr.

var. pubescens (Wt. & Arn.) Tanaka

Glycosmis cymosa (Kurz) Narayanaswamy G. macrocarpa Wt. G. pentaphylla (Retz. ) DC. Luvunga eleutherandra Dalz.

VPK & NS 1818, VP & MK 1560 VPK 116, NG 30, NS 5310 VPK 870 NS 3735 NS 3175, 5130

NS 751 NS 5392

NG & NS 1896 VPK 1022 VPK & HK 1600 NS 3196 NS 3624, 5286 NG 149% NS 3098 Pascal 1441 NS 5339 NS 183, 3119 NS 3404, 3631, 5284, 5308, NG & NS 1693 VPK 307, NG & NS 1314, NS 3613 VPK 1044, VPK & NS 2556, NS 3742 NS 835

NS 4630 NS 4688 NS 4858

VPK & NS 2571 NS 5102, 5469, 5410

NS 4835, 5508 NS 1457 VPK 363 NS 463, VPK 321 NS 3191, 3715

NS 2606, 3787, NG & NS 1917 NS 752, 3076, 3072 NS 4750

NS 4847,3637 NS 733, 5020 NS 5238 NG & NS 1930, NS 3867, CR & MK 2692 NS 4829 NS 5429 NS 444, 1403, 5319 NS 4742

Murraya koenigii (Linn.) Spreng. M. paniculata (Linn.) Jack. Naringi crenulata (Roxb.) Nicols. ParaMignya monophyl la Wt. Toddalia asiatica Lamk. T. asiatica var. gracilis Gamble Vepris bilocularis (Wt.& Arn. ) Engl. Zanthoxylum rhetsa (Roxb.) DC.

SABIACEAE Meliosma pinnata

(M. arnottiana Wt.) M. simplicifolia (Roxb. ) Walp.

Sabia limoniacea Wall. ex Hook. f. & Thoms. (S. malabarica Bedd. )

ssp. barbatula (Cufod. ) Bues.

SALICACEAE Salix tetrasperma Roxb.

SANTALACEAE Osyris quadripartita Salzm. ex Done. (O.wightiana Wall. ex Wt. )Santalum album Linn. Scleropyrum pentandrum (Dennst.) Mabb.

SAPINDACEAE Allophylus cobbe (Linn.) Raeusch. A. serratus (Roxb.) Kurz Cardiosperaum canescens Wall. Dimocarpus longan Lour.

Dodonaea angustifolia Linn. (D. viscosa auct non Jacq. )Harpullia arborea (Blanco) Radlk. Lepisanthes erecta (Thw.) Leenh. L. tetraphylla (Vahl) Radlk.

Otonephelium stipulaceum (Bedd.) Radlk.

Sapindus laurifolius Vahl Schleichera oleosa (Lour.) Oken

SAPOTACEAE Chrysophyllum cainito Linn. Donella roxburghii (G. Don) Pierre ex Lecomte (Chrysophyllum roxburghii G. Don) Isonandra lanceolata Wt.

I. lanceolata Wt.

I. montana Gamble Madhuca bourdillonii (Gamble) H. J. Lam M. longifolia (Koenig) Mcbride

var. anf ractuosa C l.

S. Joseph sn. NS 4880, NS & KS 3069 NS 3970, VPK 1221 NS 4805 NG 1763, NS 5239 VPK 1060, NS 3638 NS 4933, 5035, NS & KS 3127 NS 782

VPK 1172

NS 740, VPK 252, 348, VPK & MK 1558 NS 5413

NG & NS 1312

VPK 223

NS 3969, VPK 76 NS 3616, 4887, NS & CR 3013

NS 3717, VPK 1178, 338 NS 4621, 4954 VPK 1052 NS 1150, 4765, 4842, VPK 1171 VPK 233, VPK & MK 1551

NS 730, 1149, 1238 NS 3001, NG & NS 1374 NS 1158, 3482, VPK 1291, NS & CR 3026 NS 3776, 4773, 5363, NG & NS 1924 NS 1422, 4781, 5264 NS 217, 731, NC & NS 1906

NS 3865 NS 5018, 5402

NS 3130, 3412, 5043, NG & NS 1932

Pascal 1406 Pascal 1431 NS 3907, 5454 NS 3387

33

M. neriifolia (Moon) H. J. Lam

Mimusops elengi Linn.

Palaquium ellipticum (Dalz.) Engl,

SAXIFRAGACEAE Bergenia ligulata (Wall.) Engl. Parnassia mysorensis Heyne ex Wt. & Arn.

SCROPHULARIACEAE Artanema longifolium (Linn.) Vatke (A. sessamoides Benth. )Bacopa hamiltoniana (Benth.) Wettst. B. monnieri (Linn. ) Yettrt. Calceolaria mexicana Benth. Dopatrium nudicaule (Willd.)Benth. Limnophila indica (Linn.) Drusel L. repens (Benth.) Benth. Lindenbergia indica (Linn. ) O. Ktze. Lindernia antipoda(Linn.) Alston L. ciliata (Colsm. )Pennel L. rotundifolia (Linn.) Mukher. L. tenuifolia (Colsm. ) Alston L. viscosa (Hornem. ) Boldingh. Mazus pusillus (Burm. f. ) van Steen. Mecardonia procumbens (Mill.) Small Nelsonia canescens (Lamk.) Spreng. Pedicularis perrottetii Wt. P. zeylanica Benth. Scoparia dulcis Linn. Sopubia delphinifol ia (Linn. ) G. Don.

S. trif ida Ham. Stemodia verticillata (Mill.) Sprague Striga angustifolia (Don) Sald. S. asiatica (Linn.) Ktze. Torena bicolor Dalz. T. courtatlensis Gamble

SIMAROUBACEAE Ailantus triphysa (Dennst.) Alston

SOLANACEAE Datura arborea Linn. D. metel Linn. Hyocyamus niger Linn, Lycopersicum esculentum Mill. Lysianthes laevis (Dunal) Bitter Nicandra physaloides (Linn.) Gaertn. Physalis angulata Linn. (P. minima Linn.) P. peruviana Linn. Solanum erianthum D. Don S. giganteum Jacq.

NS 380, 3358, 3440, 5221, 4834, VPK & CR 2802 NS 4876, NS & CR 3022, NS & KS 3070, VPK & NS 2527 NS 5450, NS & KS 3091

HA Rau 13803 VPK 1087

VPK 106, 1181

NS 4642

UPK 244, CR 3458 NS 4636 NS 5565 NS 5262 NS 3184 NS 4910, 4641 NS 3182

VPK & NS 2574 NS 3186 VPK & NS 1815 NS 3337 NS 4754 VPK 1122 VPK 1088, VPK & NS 1861 NS 497 NS 4737, 4628, 5203, VPK 1087 VPK 1107 NS 3720 NS 4603, 4628, UPK 1078 NS 5120, VPK & NS 2547 VPK 1278 VPK 1105

NS 4997, VPK 1085

NS 4855

NS 3618, 3932

NG 8 KM Sebastine l0082 N.C Nair 16569 VPK sn. NG & NS 1344, NS 3150 VPK 1006 NS 3731

VPK 312 NG & NS 1368 VPK sn

S. indicum

S. nigrum Linn. S. pubescens Willd. S. seaforthianum Arn. S. stramonifolium N. Jacq. S. torvum Swartz S. verbascifolium Linn. S. violaceum Ortega (S. indicum auct non Linn.)

var. multif lorum C1.

STAPHYLEACEAE Turpinia cochinchinensis (Lour.) Herr. T. malabarica Gamble.

STERCULIACEAE Firmiana colorata (Roxb.) R. Br. Helecteris isora Linn.

Heritiera papilio Bedd. Leptonychia caudata (Wall. ex G. Don) Burret Melochia corchorifolia Linn. Pterospermum diversifolium B1. P. reticulatum Wt. & Arn. P. rubiginosum Heyne ex Wt. & Arn. Pterygota alata (Roxb.) R. Br. Stercul ia guttata Roxb. S. urens Roxb. S. villosa Roxb. Waltheria indica Linn.

SYMPHOREMATACEAE Sphenodesme paniculata Cl. Symphorema involucratum Rowb.

SYMPLOCACEAE Symplocos crataegoides Ham. S. laurina (Retz.) Wall. ex Rehdr. S. macrophylla Wall. ex DC. S. macrophyl la ssp. rosea (Bedd. ) Nooteb. S. obtusa Wall,

TERNSTROEMIACEAE Eurya japonica Thunb. Gordonia obtusa Wall.

TETRAMELACEAE Tetrameles nudif lora R. Br.

THEACEAE Camelia sinensis (Linn.) O. Ktze.

THYMELIACEAE Gnidia glauca (Fresen.) Gilg (Lasiosiphon eriocephalus Done).

NG & NS 1382 NS 3751 VPK 1082 VPK 1054, VPK & MK 1555 NG & NS 1354 NS 705 VPK sn NS 4999

VPK 241, Pascal 1443 NS 3604, 5101, 5294, NG 1511

NS 713 NS 834, 1145, 3663, NG & NS 1388 NS 5373 NS 5361 NS 5159, 3996 NS 5037, 5075 NS 393, 3500, 5040 NS 3345, 3812 NS 4838 NS 1430, 794

NS 1734, 3772 VPK 1036, VPK & NS 2548

NS 3951, 4739 .

NS 5572 NS 1287

UC Bhattacharya 14915 VPK 1194, 318, NS 3686,5439 NG 1737, NG & HK 1501 NG & NS 1692, NS 722 Pascal 1450

VPK 277, 187, NS 3167 NS 3665, VPK & CR 2616

NS 1141

VPK & MK 1569

VPK 302

TILIACEAE Corchorus aestuans Linn. C. capsularis Linn. C. trilocularis Linn. Grewia abutil ifolia Vent. ex Juss. G. disperma Rottl. ex Spreng. G. flavescens A. Jusr. G. microcos Linn. G. tiliifolia Vahl G. umbellifera Bedd. G. villosa Willd. Triumfetta annua Linn. T. pilosa Roth T. rhomboidea Jacq. ULMACEAE Celtis philippensis var. wightii (Planch.) Soep. Gironniera cuspidata (B1.) Planch. ex Kurz Holoptelia integrifolia (Roxb.) Planch. Trema orientalis (Linn.) Bl.

UMBELLIFERAE Bupleurum distichophyllum Wt. & Arn. Centella asiatica (Linn.) Urban Coriandrum sativum Linn. Heracleum sprengel ianum Wt. & Arn. Hydrocotyle javanica Thunb. H. sibthorpioides Laak. Pimpinella candolleana Wt. & Arn. P. heyneana Wall.

Vanasushava pedata (Wt.) Hukher. & Constance

URTICACEAE Boehmeria glomerulifera Miq. B. nivea (Linn.) Gaud. B. platyphyl la var. longissima Hook. f.Debregeasia ceylanica Hook. f. D. lonqifolia (Burm. f.) Uedd. Droguetia diffusa Uedd. Dendrocnide sinuata (Bl.) Chew. (Laportea crenulata Gaud.) Elatostemma acuainatum Bongn. E. lineolatum Wt. Girardinia diversifolia (Link.) Friis Laportea interrupta (Linn.) Chew. Oreocnide integrifolia Miq. Pellionia heyneana Uedd. Pilea kingii Fischer P. melastomoides (Por.) Wedd. Pouzolzia auriculata Wt. P. benthamiana Wt. P. meeboldii W. W. Sr. & Rames. P. wightii Benn. var. scabra Fischer P. wightii Benn, var. wightii

NS 200 NS 4658 VPK 1055 NS 4757 NS 473, 3955, 4663, VPK 1214 VPK 1083 NS 73 VPK 332, NS 500 NS 464, 3925, 3817 VPK 1058 NS 5161 NS 5254, 1032, NG & NS 1358 NS 850

NS 4844, 3964, NS & KS 3080 NS 1235, 3351, VPK 362 NS 3941 NS 855

VPK 1110 NS 4908 VPK sn VPK & NS 1830 VPK 1005,108 J Joseph 12697 VPK 1095, UPK & NS 1831 NS 5301, 3332, VPK & NS 2577, NG & NS 1351 VPK & NS 1854, VPK & MK 1554

NS 201, 3835 NS 1784 VPK 1028 NS 5097 NS 484, 5236, VPK 310 VPK 1002 NS 5235, NG & NS 1385

NG & NS 1371 NS 1232, 5048,VPK 117 VPK 1012, NS 3906 NS 3732 NS 5098, VPK 1167

VPK 871 UPK 1020, NS 5478 VPK 1051, VPK & MK 1566 VPK 303

UPK 869

NS 3145, 5099, VPK 119

NS 3197, 4701

P. zeylanica (Linn.) Benn. Procris wightiana Wall. ex Wedd.

NS 185 NS 2957

VACCINIACEAE Vaccinium leschenaultii Wt.

VALERIANACEAE Nardostachys jatamanji DC. Valeriana arnottiana Wt. V. beddomei Cl. V. hardwickii Wall.

VERBENACEAE Callicarpa tomentosa (Linn.) Murray Clerodendrum calamintosum Linn. C. serratua (Linn.) Moon C. viscosun Vent. Citheraxylum spinosum Linn. Gmelina arborea Roxb. Lantana camara Linn.

Premna coriacea C1. P. tomentosa W i lId. P. villosa Cl. Priva cordifolia (Linn.) Druce Tectona grandis Linn. f. Vitex altissima Linn, f. V. leucoxylon Linn. f. V. trifolia Linn. f.

var. splendens (Medic.) Moldenke

VIOLACEAE Viola patrinii Ging. ex DC. V. serpens Wall.

VITACEAE Ampelocissus arnottiana Planch, Cayratia mollissima (Wall.) Gagn. C. pedata (Lour, ) Gagn. C. tenuifolia (Wt. & Arn.) Gagn. Cissus discolor B1. C. glyptocarpa (Thw.) Planch. C. heyneana Planch. C. latifolia Lamk. (C. glauca Roxb. )C. quadrangularis Linn. Tetrastigma leucostaphyllum (Dennst.) Alston

XANTHOPHYLLACEAE Xanthophyllum arnottianum Wt.

VPK 284

UC Bhattacharya 31046 VPK 1014 VPK 274, VPK & NS 1851 UC Bhattacharya 24328

NS 209, 3657, 3957,4846 Suresh sn NS 3310, VPK 1260 NS 1138 NS 3864 NS 136,707, 3646

NS 4851 NS 1288 VPK 128 VPK 352, NS 4931 VPK 1057 NS 5452 NS 745, 1145, 3789, 4885 NS 215, 4938, 5388, 3981 VPK & NS 2558

VPK 279 VPK 258

NS 3123, 5042 NS 4782 VPK 245 NS 5104 NS 375, 5162, VPK 1258 NS 3651,1198 NS 5355 NS 3872

VPK sn VPK 236

CR & MK 2094, NS 164, 1469, 3341, 3870, VPK 21

(X. f lavescens Roxb. )

ZYGOPHYLLACEAE Tribulus terrestris Linn. VPK 1084

MONOCOTYLEDONS

ARACEAE Amorphophalus commutatus (Schott) Engl. A. paeoniifolius (Dennst. ) Nicols. Anaphyllum wightii Schott Arisaema attenuatum Barnes & Fischer A. barnesii Fischer A. murayi(Grah. ) Hook. A. tortuosum (Wall.) Schott Colocasia esculenta (Linn.) Schott Lagenandra meeboldii (Enngl.) Engl. L. nairii Ramam. & Rajan L. ovata (Linn.) Thw. L. toxicaria Dalz. Pothos armatus Fischer P. scandens Linn. Raphidophora pertusa (Roxb.) Schott Remusatia vivipara (Roxb.) Schott Theriophonum infaustum N.E. Br. Typhonium bulbifer Dalz.

ARECACEAE/PALMAE Calamus brandisii Becc. C. caesius Bl. C. dransfieldii Renuka C. gamblei Becc. C. gamblei var. sphaerocarpus Becc, C. hooker ianus Becc.

C. metzianus Schel t. C. psuedo-tenuis Becc.

C. thwaitesii Becc.

C. travancoricus Bedd. ex Becc. & Hook.f.

C. vattayila Renuka Caryota urens Linn. Phoenix pusilla Gaertn. P. humilis vat. pedunculata Becc. Pinanga dicksonii B1.

AMARYLLIDACEAE Pancratium triflorum Roxb.

COMMELINACEAE Aneilema glaucum Thw. A. scapiflorum (Roxb.) Royle Dictyosperaum montanum Wt. Floscopa scandens Lour. Murdannia japonica (Thunb. ) Faden M. paucif lora (Wt. ) Bremek. M. simplex (Vahl)Brenan

NS 5433 NS 773 NS 3778,5313 NS 1816 NS 3100, 5446 NS 839, 1203 NS 4902 NS 5138 NS 3654, 5427 NS 5340 NS 1408 NS 5330 NS 3139, 5325 NS 3901, 5168, VPK & NS 2511 NS 3301 NS 4677, 5032, 5389 NS 1204 NS 5079

NG 6144 VPK & CR 2947 CR 2982, 2983, VPK & CR 2501 CR 3173, VPK & CR 3028 CR 3174 NS 1732, CR & MK 2727, 2708, VPK & CR 2926, 2929, 2930, 2902, 2904 CR 3061 VPK & CR 2620, 2625, 2628, 2630 VPK 1285, VPK & CR 1949, 1950, 1951, 1292, 2903, CR 1891, 1954, 3060, NS 4822 VPK & NS 2516, NS 1731, CR 3154, VPK & CR 2949, 2925 CR 4001, 2907, 3029, NS 4723 VPK & NS 1866 VPK & CR 2627, 2626 NS 5351, NS & NG 1701

NS 770

NS 4919 Pant 31873 NS 3326 NS 1464, 4791 NS 4948 NS 3873 NS 1981

CYPERACEAE Carex filicina Nees

C. lindleyana Nees Cyperus iria Linn. C. madraspatensis Willd. C. rotundus Linn. Fimbristylis cinnamometorum (Vahl) Kunth F. eragrostis (Nees)Hance F. kingii C1. ex Boek. F. pentaptera (Nees) Kunth F. uliginosa Hoechst. ex Steud. Hypolytrum nemorum (Vahl) Sprang. Scleria corymbosa Roxb.

DIOSCOREACEAE Dioscorea bulbifera Linn, D. hamil tonii Hook. f. D. oppositifolia Linn. D. pentaphylla Linn.

D. tomentosa Heyne

ERIOCAULACEAE Eriocaulon brunonianum Mart.

var. nilagirrense Fyson E. melaleucum Mart.

HAEMODORACEAE Peliosanthes teta

var. humil is (And. ) Jessop Ophiopogon intermedius D. Don

HYPOXIDACEAE Curculigo orchioides Gaertn. C. trichocarpa (Wt.) Bennet & Raizada (Molineria finlaysoniana Baker) Hypoxis aurea Lour.

JUNCACEAE Juncus buf onius Linn. J. prismatocarpus R. Br,

LILIACEAE Asparagus adscendens Roxb. A. gonocladus Baker A. racemosus W i I Id, Chlorophytum attenuatum Baker C. orchidastrum Lindl. Dianella ensifolia (Linn.) Red. Dracaena terniflora Roxb. Gloriosa superba Linn.

Rice sn Rice sn NS 191 NS 189 VPK sn NS 1967 VPK 364 Rice 119 Rice 132 Rice 122 NS 1407 NS 3499

NS 833 NS 3886, 4710 NS 3894 NS 792, VPK 1268, NG & NS 1303 NS 3860

Rice sn VPK 878

NG 1513, NS 4840 NG & NS 1338, VPK & NS 1810

VPK & NS 1864, NS 5394 NS 1427, 1961, 4860

VPK & NS 1862

VPK 286 Rice 118

UC Bhattacharya 12564 VPK 1188, NS 5213 VPK & NS 1817 NS 1820 NS 4650, VPK 1255 NS 3161 NS 1475, 3488, 5011 VPK 81, 1128, 1039,

Iphigenia indica (Linn.) Kunth Lilium neilgherrense Wt. Scilla hyacinthina (Roxb.) Mcbride Smilax aspera Linn. S. zeylanica Linn.

MARANTACEAE Phrynium pubinerve B1. (P. capitatum auct. non Willd.) Schumannianthus virgatus (Roxb.) Rolfe Stachyphrynium spicatum (Roxb.) Schua.

MUSACEAE Ensete superbum (Roxb.) Cheesa. (Musa superba Roxb.)

ORCHlDACEAE Acampe ochracea (Lindl.) Hochr. A. praemorsa (Roxb.) Blatt. & McCann Aerides crispum Lindl. A. ringens Fischer Anectochilus elatus Lindl. Arundina graminifolia (Don) Hochr. Brachycorythis iantha (Wt.) Summerh. B. splendida Summerh. Bulbophyllum cylindraceum Lindl. B. kai tense (Wt.) Reichb. f .

B. neil gherrense W t. B. tremulum Wt.

Calanthe masuca (Don) Lindl. Cheirostyl is f label lata Ut. Coelogyne breviscapa Lindl. C. mossiae Rolfe C. nervoaa A. Rfch. Cottonia peduncularis (Lindl.) Reichb.f. Cymbidium aloifolium (Linn.) Sw. Dendrobium anamallayanum Chandra. et al. D. D. D. D. D. D. D. D. D. D. D.

barbatulum Lindl. chrysanthum Lindl, ex Mall. crepidatum Lindl. herbaceum Lindl. heterocarpum Uall. ex Lindl. heyneanum Lindl. 1 au ianum L ind I. mabelae Gamaie macros tachyum L indl. nanum Hook. f. ovatum (Willd. )Kranz.

Diplocentrum congestum Wt. Disperis neilgherrensis Wt. Epipogium roseum (D. Don) Lindl. Eria dalzellii Lindl.

VPK & NS 2532, NS 3322 VPK & NS 1863 VPK & NS 1841 NS 4906 VPK 271 NS 168, 3857, 5113

NS 1417

NS 5114, VPK 346 NS 1777, 5073

NS 5357

NG 3475 NS 767 NS 4926 NS 146, 3179, VPK 2962 NS 3319 VPK & NS 1836, VPK & MK1572 VPK & HK 1571 HK 1993 VPK & NS 1838, VPK & MK1574, MK 2975 NS 3008, 4738 MK 2771, CR & MK 2701, NS 4841 VPK 1029 VPK 278 NS 3656 VPK & MK 1655, CR 3462 VPK 238, VPK & NS 1809, NS 3618, 3493, 4779, MK 2923 NS 1772, 5065 VPK & MK 1573, CR 3447 NS 3101 MK 3007 NS 2922 NS 5294, MK 2772 NS 3638 NG & NS 1916 NS 3486 NS 2613 NS 5066 VPK 283 NS 46, 5290 NS 3404, 3842, 5084 VPK & NS 1837, NS 3116, 3655 NS 3099, 5447 MK 2953

E. mysorens is Lindl. NG & NS 1946, MK 2972 E. pauciflora Wt. VPK & NS 1835,VPK & MK 1576 E. pseudocalvicaulis Blatt. & McCann MK 2979 E. reticosa Wt. MK 2974, NS 5198 Eulophia epidendraea (Retz.) Fischer NG & MK 3476 E. nuda Lindl. NS 3680, 5081, 5405, VPK 367 Flickingera macraei (Lindl.)Seidenf. NG & MK 1577 Gastrochilus flabelliformis (Blatt. & McCann) Sald.NS 2959, 3361 Geodorum densiflorum (Lamk.) Schltr. Habenaria crinifera Wt. H. digitata Lindl. H. elliptica Wt. H. heyneana Lindl. H. longicorniculata Grah. H. longicornu Lindl. H. ovalifolia Ut. H. plantaginea Lindl,

Liparis nervosa (Thunb.) Lindl. L. prazeri King & Prantl. L viridiflora (B1.) Lindl. H. wightiana Thw. H. wrayii Hook. f. Luisia birchea B l . L. evangelinae Blatt. & HcCann L. zeylanica Lindl. Malaxis acuminata D. Don M. rheedei Sw. Nervilia aragoana Gaud. N. plicata (Andr. ) Schltr. N. prainiana (King & Prantl.) Setdenf, & Saitin Oberonia brachyphylla Blatt. & McCann O. brunoniana Wt. O. denticulata Wt.

O. santapui Kapad. O. thwaitesii Hook. f. O. verticillata Wt. Pecteilis gigantea (J.E. Sm.) Rafin. Peristylus densus (Lindl.) Sant. & Kapad. P. goodyeroides Lindl. P. plantagineus Ltndl. P. richardianus Wt. Phalaenopsis decumbens (Griff.) Holttum P. nysorensis Sald. Pholidota imbricata (Roxb.) Lindl. Pleione praecox (Sm.) D. Don Podochilus falcatus Lindl. Polystachya concreta (Jacq.) Garey & Sweet Pomatocalpa mannii (Reichb. f.) J.J. Sm. Porpax reticulata Lindl. Rhynchostyiis retusa (Lindl.) Bl. Sarcanthus pauciflorus Wt. Satyrium nepalense D. Don

Schenorchis chrysantha (Alston) Garey

NG & MK 1578, NS 3973 NS 1992, NG & NS 1913 NS 3315 VPK & NS 1844 VPK & NS 1867 NS 1968, 3995 VPK &MK 1587. NS 4625 NS 776, 2981 NS 3323, 4648, VPK & NS 2572 NS 5096 NS 4903 NS 1984, 5486 VPK & NS 1614 NS 3141 NS 5447 NS 5305 NG & NS 1945, VPK & NS 1857

4693,

MK 2924

NS 4926, 5136, VPK 1201 NS 1773, 1733, 5082 NS 3068 NS 4925 NS 3617, 3476 CR 3470 NS 3879 NS 3419, 3641 NS 3971, 5080 VPK 1118 NS 5481, VPK & MK 1586 NS 2602 VPK 1256 NS 788 VPK 1108 NG & NS 1911 NS 3086,4800 NS 17, 3972 MK 1994 NS 2612 NS 4942 NS 759 NS 3667 NS 776 NS 1205 VPK 1007, NS 1969,

VPK 297, VPK & NS 1856 VPK & NS 1826, MK 2961

Sirhookera latifol ia (Wt. ) 0. Ktze. Smithsonia maculata (Retz.) Sald. S. straminea Sald. Spiranthes lancea (Thunb. ex Sw.) Baker Trias stocksii Benth. ex Hook. f. Tropidia angulosa Bl. Vanda spathulata Spreng. V. tessellata (Roxb.) Hook. ex G. Don V. testacea (Lindl. ) Reichb. f. Vanilla wightiana Lindl. ex Hook. f. Zeuxine longilabris Benth. ex Hook. f.

PANDANACEAE Pandanus tectorius Soland.

POACEAE/GRAMINAE Agrostis peninsularis Hook. f., Allopteropsis cimicina (Linn.) Stapf. Andropogon lividus Thw. A. polyptychus Steud. Apocopsis courtallensis (Steud.) Henr. Arthraxon lancifolius (Trim.) Hochst. Arundinella leptochloa (Nees ex Steud.) Hook. f. A. metzii Hochst. ex Miq. A. purpurea Hochst. ex Steud. A. tuberculata Munro ex Lisboa A. vaginata Bor Bambusa bamboo (Linn.) Vos (B. arundinacea(Retz.) Willd) Brachiaria milifformis (Pers.) A.Chase B. remota (Retz.) Haines Capellipedium huegelii (Hack.) Stapf Chrysopogon aciculatus (Retz.) Trim. C. hackelii (Hook. f . ) Fischer C. zeylanicus (Nees) Thw. Cyabopogon flexuosus (Nees ex Steud.) Uats. Cynodon dactylon (Linn.) Pers. Cyrtococcum oxyphyllum (Steud.) Stapf Dactyloctenium aegyptium (Linn.) Beauv Dimeria ornithopoda Trim. Echinocloa colonum (Linn.) Link Eleusine coracana Linn. E. indica (Linn.) Gaertn. Eragrostis japonica (Thunb.) Trim. E. tenella (Linn.) Beauu. ex Roem. & Schult. E. unioloides ( Retz.) Nees ex Steud. Eulalia phaeothrix (Hack. ) 0. Ktze. E. trispicata (Schul t. ) Henr. Garnotia tenella (Arn. ex Miq.) Janowski Helictotrichon asperum (Munro) Bor Heteropogon contortus (Linn.) Beauv, ex

Indocloa oligantha (Hocsht.) Bor Isachne bourneorum Fischer I. setosa Fischer

Roem . & Schult.

NG & NS 1938 MK 2921 NS 1783,3495 Rice 129 NS 5304 NS 1229, VPK & MK 1596 KM Sebastine 6251 VPK & NS 1997 NS 184, 3950 NS 3914 NS 442

Ellis 11757

Rice sn NS 4993 Rice sn Rice sn NS 1966 NS 2581 NS 1964 VPK & NS 2538 NS 2585 Rice sn Rice sn NS 16

NS 1207 NS 197 NS 47 NS 190 NS 2590 Rice sn NS 2610, 3809 NS 1206 NS 1239, 4798 NS 793 NS 2583 NS 1210 VPK sn NS 1234 NS 381 NS 194 NS 195, VPK & NS 2539 Rice sn NS 2584, 368 NS sn Rice sn

NS 2592, VPK 1079 Rice sn Rice sn Rice sn

lschaemum indicum (Houtt.) Merr. I. nilagiricum Hack. I. rangacharianum Fischer Jansenella griffithiana (Muell.)Bor Ochlandra travancorica (Bedd.) Benth. ex Gamble Oplismenus compositus (Linn.) P. Baavu. Oryza granulata Nees & Arn. ex Steud. Paspalidium flavidum (Retz.) A. Camus Paspalum scorbiculatum Linn. Perotis indica (Linn.) 0. Ktze. Pennisetum polystachyon (Linn.) Schult. Pseudanthistria umbellata (Hack.) Hook. f. Ruttboellia exaltata Linn. f. Sacciolepis indica (Linn.) A. Chase Setaria pallidafusca (Schumach.) Stapf S. verticillata (Linn.) P. Beauv Spinifex littorsus (Burm. f.) Merr. Spodiopogon rhizophorus (Steud.) Pilger Themeda quadrivalvis (Linn.) 0. Ktze. T. tremula (Nees ex Steud.) Hack. T. triandra Forsk. Tripogon bromoides Roem. & Schult. Vetiveria zizanioides (Linn.) Nash

NS 2591 NG & NS 1232 VPK 365 NS 2582 NS 4821 NS 383 NS 1445 NS 190 NS 196 NS 4994 NS 380 NS 2586 VPK 1265 NS 1965 NS 192 NS 1236 VPK & NS 2578 NS 3889, 4714, VPK & NS 2517 Rice sn NS 2588 Rice sn Rice sn Balakrishnan 11440

Honochoria vaginalis Presl. VPK sn

TYPHACEAE Typha angustata Bory et at.

PONDTEDERACEAE

XYRIDACEAE Xyris capensis

X. paucif lora Willd. var. schenoides (Mart.) Nilson

ZINGIBERACEAE Alpinia galanga (Linn. ) Sw. A. malaccensis Rosc. Amomum microstephanum Baker A. muricatum Bedd. Boesenbergia pulcherrima (Wall.) 0. Ktze. Costus speciosus (Koen. ) Sm. Curcuma ecalcarata Sivar. & Indu C. peethapushpa Sasi & Sivar. C. zedoaria (Chrism. ) Rosc, Elettaria cardamomum (Linn.) Mat. Globba marantina Linn. (G. bulbifera Roxb. )G. ophioglossa Wt. Zingiber cernum Dalz. Z. neesanum (Grah. ) Ramam. Z. officinale Rosc. Z. zeerumbet (Linn.) Sa.

VPK 1086

VPK 1125 NS 4724

NS 5456 VPK ,334 NS 3684 NS 5090 NS 3194, 1240, VPK 784 NS 3689 NS 4000 NS 4984, NS & VVS 4975 NS 3685

NS 5123, UPK 1228 NS 5313, VPK 121

NS 3308, VPK 1218 NS 5129 VPK 1254, NS & VVS 3999 NS 4609 NS 4615

GNETACEAE Gnetua edule (Willd.) Bl. (G. ula Brong.)

GYMNOSPERMS

CR & NS 3021

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

About 3,000 species of flowering plants are likely to occur in

Kerala and among them 2,400 species in the forests. We have so far

collected about 1,400 species from the forest areas which forms about

58% of the estimated forest flora.

During the collections emphasis was always given for collection of

tree species, especially the endemic ones that are little known and

poorly represented in other herbaria. We have collected 430 tree

species which represent about 2/3 of the estimated 600 tree species in

the forests. Since field characters are of great dignostic value for

identification of trees in the field, attempts were always made to

collect details of bark, blaze, buttresses, exudation, branching

pattern etc. These particulars were utilized for the preparation of A.

Field Key to the Identification of Indigenous Arborescent species of

Kerala Forests (KFRI Research Report No. 33).

At present the KFRI Herbarium holds over 6000 specimens

representing 1,508 species belong to 159 families. The Dicotyledons

are reprisented by 1,246 species coming under 138 families. The

Monocots have 261 species and 20 families. The lone Gymnosperm in the

herbarium belongs to Gnetaceae. The families that are fairly well

represented are Fabaceae (111 spp.). Orchidaceae (99 spp.).

Euphorbiaceae (85 spp. ) . Rubiaceae (80 spp.), Graminae (60 spp.) and

Compositae (50 spp.). Besides the general collections, the herbarium

has a complete collection of medicinal plants of Kerala forests and

rattans of South India.

45

Due to the intensive exploration of the flora of Trichur Forest

Division, we have been able to collect several interesting plants

including a few new species. Curcuma peethapushpa Sasi. & Sivaraj.

(1989) Tarenna trichurensis Sasi. & Sivaraj. (i990a) and Orophea

aalabarica Sasi. & Sivaraj. (1990b) are the new species reported.

Species like Eleutheranthera ruderalis (Sw.) Sch.-Bip. (Sasidharan &

Nambiar, 19811 Hedyotis pinifolia Wall. ex G. Don (Sasidharan &

Nambiar, 1983) Heterostemna decanensis (Dalz.) Swarup. & Mangaly

(Swarupanandan et al., 1989) are new records of occurrence for South

India. There are a feu taxa that form new records for Kerala. All

these interesting findings from Trichur forests emphasis the need for

further exploration of the forest flora.

REFERENCES

Gamble, J.S. and C.E.C. Fischer 1915-1936. The Flora of the

Presidency of Madras, (Repr.ed. 1967) B. S. I., Calcutta.

Henry, A.N., K. Vivekanandan and N.C. Nair 1979. Rare and Threatened

Flowering plants of South India. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 75:

684-697.

Joseph, J. 1979. Floristic studies in India - with special reference

to Southern Circle of Botanical Survey of India. Bull. Bot. Surv.

India 19: 109-111.

Karthikeyan, S and B.D. Sharma, 1983. A catalogue of species added to

Gamble's Flora of the Presidency of Madras.J. Bombay Nat. Hist.

Soc. 80: 63-79.

Rollins, R.C. 1965. The Archer Method of Mounting Herbarium Specimens

Rhodora 57 : 294-299.

Sasidharan, N. and V.P. K. Nambiar 1981. Eleutheranthera ruderal is

(Sw.) Sch.-Bip. (Compositae). A New Record for South India. Indian

J. For. 4:240-241.

--------------- 1983. Hedyotis pinifolia Wall. ex G. Don (Rubiaceae)

A New Record for South India. Indian J. For. 6:234.

Sasidharan, N and V.V. Sivarajan 1989, Curcuma peethapushpa Sasidharan

and Sivarajan, A new species of Zingiberaceae from India. Notes

Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 45: 425-427.

--------------- 1990a. Tarenna trichurensis, A new species of

Rubiacsae from Western Peninsular India, J. Econ. Tax. Bot. 14:

243-245.

-------------- 1990b. Orophea malabarica (Annonaceae) A new species

from Peninsular India. Blumea 35: 260-271.

Shetler, S.G. 1969. The Herbarium: Past, Present and Future. Proc.

Biological Soc. Washington 86: 687-758.

Swarupanandan, K., N. Sasidharan and Jose K. Mangaly 1989'. A

reconsideration of the Geniric circumscription of Heterostemma

Wt. & Arn. (Asclepiadaceae) and a New Species from India. Bot.J.

Linn. Soc. 101: 249-259.