Essential Question

• What factors led Europeans to explore North America?

Spanish Defeat & New Colonization

Chapter 2 Section 2 (Pt II)

England Defeats Spain

• In 1588, the English & Spanish navies met in the narrow waters of the English Channel– England’s defeat of Spain had 2 major effects

1. England remained Protestant and proved it was a powerful nation

2. Other European nations realized Spain could be beaten

• By 1600, Both England & France were competing for lands along the Atlantic coast• The English govt., however, did not provide $ or incentives

to start colonies, which left funding to private citizens– As a result of this approach, England did not establish a successful

American colony until after 1600

New France

New France• French Explorers Jacques Cartier and Samuel de Champlain were

instrumental in the founding of New France– Cartier mapped and explored the St. Lawrence River, while later using

Cartier’s maps, Champlain sailed up the St. Lawrence and established fur trading outpost at:• Port Royal• Quebec• Montreal

• While sailing down the Mississippi R., French Explorers Marquette & Joliet established a series of fur trading posts & missions • They lived amongst and learned from the Natives rather than

attempting to conquer them• This approach helped establish long-lasting peaceful relations

between French trappers/traders & the Natives.

Marquette & Joliet

New Netherland

New Netherland

• After Hudson’s voyage in 1609, the Dutch established the colony of New Netherland– This colony was located in modern-day NY

• It became prosperous b/c of an abundant fur trade• It was also attractive to a diverse pop. b/c the Dutch were

proponents of religious freedom

– The city of New Amsterdam became the center of the colony• The city was located on Manhattan Island, the site of

present-day New York City– The Dutch acquired Manhattan from local Natives for the

equivalent of $25 in trade goods!!