Essential InformationEssential InformationUS HistoryUS History

The Great DepressionThe Great Depression

Roaring TwentiesRoaring Twenties

The “Roaring 20’s” was a time of The “Roaring 20’s” was a time of great prosperity and social change. great prosperity and social change. Women could now vote and were Women could now vote and were trying to exert more power.trying to exert more power.

Tea Pot Dome ScandalTea Pot Dome Scandal

The Teapot Dome scandal was a The Teapot Dome scandal was a scandal over the government sale scandal over the government sale of oil fields to private companies. of oil fields to private companies. Government officials had taken Government officials had taken bribes to allow the sales.bribes to allow the sales.

Immigration & NativismImmigration & Nativism

In the 1920’s, Americans were worried about the large number of immigrants. In the 1920’s, Americans were worried about the large number of immigrants. Different groups tended to live together in cities and kept their ethnic beliefs.Different groups tended to live together in cities and kept their ethnic beliefs.

““Nativism” is the belief that immigration should be kept to a minimum of stopped Nativism” is the belief that immigration should be kept to a minimum of stopped to keep out non-americans.to keep out non-americans.

Examples of laws that supported nativism were the Chinese Exclusion Act, the Examples of laws that supported nativism were the Chinese Exclusion Act, the Gentlemen’s Agreement and the National Origins Act.Gentlemen’s Agreement and the National Origins Act.

The Ku Klux Klan which had originally targeted blacks, now included Catholics, The Ku Klux Klan which had originally targeted blacks, now included Catholics, Jews and immigrants.Jews and immigrants.

Immigration came to a stop when the Great Depression hit.Immigration came to a stop when the Great Depression hit. As the country grew, immigrants were welcome because As the country grew, immigrants were welcome because

they did the work nobody else wanted to do cheaply.they did the work nobody else wanted to do cheaply. As organized labor grew they wanted to stop immigration As organized labor grew they wanted to stop immigration

because they were afraid of falling wages.because they were afraid of falling wages. When the Great Depression hit, immigration came to a When the Great Depression hit, immigration came to a

stop because there was no work. Today there is restricted stop because there was no work. Today there is restricted immigration but many illegal aliens still get in.immigration but many illegal aliens still get in.

Scope’s TrialScope’s Trial

During the 1920’s the old During the 1920’s the old conservative, religious right clashed conservative, religious right clashed with the modern, liberal left.with the modern, liberal left.

An example of this was the “Scopes An example of this was the “Scopes Trial” where a teacher was arrested Trial” where a teacher was arrested for teaching Darwin’s evolution for teaching Darwin’s evolution instead of the Bible’s version of instead of the Bible’s version of creation.creation.

ProhibitionProhibition

1818thth Amendment bans alcohol Amendment bans alcohol 1919 to 1933 Prohibition against 1919 to 1933 Prohibition against

drinking alcohol was tried. It didn’t drinking alcohol was tried. It didn’t work because gangsters were able to work because gangsters were able to supply liquor and everyone wanted supply liquor and everyone wanted to have it.to have it.

2121stst Amendment ends prohibition Amendment ends prohibition Organized crime takes over during Organized crime takes over during

the era of Prohibitionthe era of Prohibition

Great Migration & Harlem Great Migration & Harlem RenaissanceRenaissance

During this time, many blacks During this time, many blacks moved from the south to the north moved from the south to the north for better opportunities. The for better opportunities. The “Harlem Renaissance” was a writing “Harlem Renaissance” was a writing and artistic movement to showcase and artistic movement to showcase Black culture.Black culture.

Black TuesdayBlack Tuesday

1.1. When President Harding died, President Coolidge When President Harding died, President Coolidge took over and let business run free. Farmers were took over and let business run free. Farmers were already in trouble because of over production. already in trouble because of over production. These factors would help lead to the Great These factors would help lead to the Great Depression.Depression.

The Great Depression started in 1929. The stock The Great Depression started in 1929. The stock market crashed, banks went out of business and market crashed, banks went out of business and four out of every ten people were out of work. four out of every ten people were out of work. People stood in line for food and had no place to People stood in line for food and had no place to live live

1.1. President Hoover was blamed for the Depression President Hoover was blamed for the Depression and not doing enough to end it. “Hoovervilles and and not doing enough to end it. “Hoovervilles and Hoover Blankets” were terms used to show Hoover Blankets” were terms used to show Americans displeasure with him.Americans displeasure with him.

Dust BowlDust Bowl

Farmers were also very hard hit Farmers were also very hard hit besides having their usual besides having their usual problems. There was a drought that problems. There was a drought that turned the Midwest into the “Dust turned the Midwest into the “Dust Bowl”. A million farmers left their Bowl”. A million farmers left their homes with many going to homes with many going to California where they were still California where they were still unable to find jobs.unable to find jobs.

The New DealThe New Deal

President Roosevelt called his program to get business President Roosevelt called his program to get business going “The New Deal”. He passed many programs going “The New Deal”. He passed many programs designed to give public work projects a chance to pick up designed to give public work projects a chance to pick up the economy. Most of his programs did little good but the economy. Most of his programs did little good but made people feel better.made people feel better.

Roosevelt declared a “BANK HOLIDAY” to restore public Roosevelt declared a “BANK HOLIDAY” to restore public trust in the banking system.trust in the banking system.

An example of FDR’s programs was the Tennessee Valley An example of FDR’s programs was the Tennessee Valley Authority. This gave people jobs and helped meet the Authority. This gave people jobs and helped meet the regional electrical needs.regional electrical needs.

The best program started by FDR was Social Security. The best program started by FDR was Social Security. This would ensure that people who retired had some This would ensure that people who retired had some income for their older years.income for their older years.

The National Labor Relations Act (Wagner Act) of 1935 The National Labor Relations Act (Wagner Act) of 1935 gave labor unions the right to represent workers in gave labor unions the right to represent workers in collective bargaining.collective bargaining.

Court PackingCourt Packing

Because Roosevelt was having Because Roosevelt was having many of his programs declared many of his programs declared unconstitutional by the Supreme unconstitutional by the Supreme Court, he decided to “Pack The Court, he decided to “Pack The Court” with more justices of his Court” with more justices of his choice. ( 9 to 14) This too was choice. ( 9 to 14) This too was declared unconstitutional.declared unconstitutional.

End of the DepressionEnd of the Depression

The U.S. didn’t really get out of the The U.S. didn’t really get out of the Great Depression until World War 2. Great Depression until World War 2. Manufacturing and jobs became Manufacturing and jobs became important to support the war.important to support the war.