esm european stability mechanism

8/3/2019 ESM European Stability Mechanism

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{ah hxs` gshg" J`f{ab| Cxbbh{lf" HNC" Dhcsxgs| 355>&


2/14

93HNCJ`f{ab| Cxbbh{lfMxb| 3577

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Jgsna 3577&


3/14

9>HNC

J`f{ab| Cxbbh{lfMxb| 3577

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4/14

9;HNCJ`f{ab| Cxbbh{lfMxb| 3577

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^hh Hxsùhgf N`xfnlb Khnl~l`f 3577/7


5/14

98HNC


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6/14


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d`s {ah us`tl~l`f `d `dnlgb fgfnlgb g~~l~{gfnh&


7/14

99HNC


GS[LNBH^


Lf{hsh~{ sg{h~ ~a`xbk jgoh fgfnlgb g~~l~{gfnh

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n`xf{s| lf {ah usljgs| jgsoh{& Lf ~xna ng~h~"

{ah H^J n`xbk" d`s hqgjubh" gn{ g~ g cgno~{ù

dgnlbl{|" gc~`sclfi u`s{l`f~ d usljgs| ddhslfi~

yalna gsh f`{ {gohf xu c| usltg{h clkkhs~& xna

g ~{sg{hi| n`xbk u`{hf{lgbb| ahbu {ah n`xf{s|

n`fnhsfhk {` shiglf gnnh~~ {` jgsoh{ fgfnlfi"

{ahshc| ljus`tlfi {ah n`~{*hdnlhfn| `d {ah

~xuu`s{& [ah n`fkl{l`f~ gfk j`kgbl{lh~ xfkhs

yalna c`fk uxsnag~h~ y`xbk ch n`fkxn{hk

ylbb ch ~uhnlhk lf {ah {hsj~ gfk n`fkl{l`f~

`d fgfnlgb g~~l~{gfnh d`s {ah chfhnlgs|

n`xf{s|" cx{ ylbb lf gbb ng~h~ ch ~xcmhn{ {` {ah

~gjh jgns`hn`f`jln n`fkl{l`fgbl{| g~ guublhk

xfkhs H^^&

L{ l~ lju`s{gf{ d`s {ah H^J {` agth gf

guusùslg{h sgfih `d lf~{sxjhf{~ {` ush~hsth

fgfnlgb ~{gclbl{| lf {ah hxs` gshg g~ g ya`bh&

A`yhths" {ah dgn{ {ag{ {ah H^J ngf gb~` sh~`s{

{` usljgs| jgsoh{ c`fk uxsnag~h~ g~ ugs{

`d l{~ `thsgbb usìsgjjh ~{sg{hi| {` ~xuu`s{

jgns`hn`f`jln gkmx~{jhf{ jg| ch `fb| g

ugs{lgb ~`bx{l`f& G~ khthbùjhf{~ lf {ah usljgs|jgsoh{ lf i`thsfjhf{ c`fk~ khuhfk nsl{lngbb|

`f khthbùjhf{~ lf {ah ~hn`fkgs| jgsoh{ !tlg

{ah blwxlkl{| gfk uslnh nagffhb~," {ah H^J

~a`xbk" lf {ah b`fihs {hsj" gb~` agth {ah ngugnl{|

{` lf{hsthfh lf ~hn`fkgs| i`thsfjhf{ c`fk

jgsoh{~ lf skhs {` hddhn{lthb| n`jcg{ n`f{gil`f

lf ~l{xg{l`f~ `d gnx{h jgsoh{ lf~{gclbl{|&

[ah H^J C`gsk `d I`thsf`s~ ylbb agth {ah

gx{a`sl{| {` khnlkh c| jx{xgb gishhjhf{ {`

hqugfk {ah lf~{sxjhf{~ gtglbgcbh {` {ah H^J&

C| n`f{sg~{" gf| hqugf~l`f `d {ah lf~{sxjhf{~

gtglbgcbh {` {ah HD^D shwxlsh~ gf gjhfkjhf{ {`l{~ Dsgjhy`so Gishhjhf{&

LJUBHJHF[G[L@F @D [AH JHNAGFL^J

H^J fgfnlgb g~~l~{gfnh ylbb fb| ch gn{ltg{hk

xu`f shnhlu{ c| {ah Hxsìs`xu gfk HN@DLF

Ush~lkhf{~" gfk {ah Jgfgilfi Klshn{`s

`d {ah LJD" `d g shwxh~{ ds`j g hxs` gshg

n`xf{s|& D`bb`ylfi {al~ shwxh~{" {ah Hxsùhgf

N`jjl~~l`f" {ìh{ahs yl{a {ah LJD gfk lf

blgl~`f yl{a {ah HNC" ylbb g~~h~~ yah{ahs {ahsh

l~ g sl~o {` {ah fgfnlgb ~{gclbl{| `d {ah hxs`

gshg g~ g ya`bh gfk ylbb xfkhs{goh g sli`s`x~

gfgb|~l~ `d {ah ~x~{glfgclbl{| `d {ah uxcbln

khc{ `d {ah shwxh~{lfi n`xf{s|& Ld" `f {ah cg~l~

`d {ah ~x~{glfgclbl{| gfgb|~l~" l{ l~ n`fnbxkhk

{ag{ g jgns`hn`f`jln gkmx~{jhf{ usìsgjjh

ngf shgbl~{lngbb| sh~{`sh {ah uxcbln khc{ {` g

~x~{glfgcbh ug{a" {ah N`jjl~~l`f" {ìh{ahs

yl{a {ah LJD gfk lf blgl~`f yl{a {ah HNC"

ylbb {ahf g~~h~~ {ah gn{xgb fgfnlfi fhhk~ `d

{ah n`xf{s| n`fnhsfhk& @f {ah cg~l~ `d {al~

g~~h~~jhf{" {ah C`gsk `d I`thsf`s~ `d {ah

H^J ylbb jgfkg{h {ah N`jjl~~l`f" {ìh{ahs

yl{a {ah LJD gfk lf blgl~`f yl{a {ah HNC"

{` fhi`{lg{h g jgns`hn`f`jln gkmx~{jhf{

usìsgjjh" {ah kh{glb~ `d yalna ylbb ch bglk

k`yf lf g Jhj`sgfkxj `d Xfkhs~{gfklfi

!J`X,& [ah J`X ~a`xbk ch dxbb| n`f~l~{hf{

yl{a {ah `thsgbb HX dsgjhy`so d`s hn`f`jln

u`bln| n``sklfg{l`f& [ah N`jjl~~l`f ylbb

usù`~h {` {ah HX N`xfnlb g khnl~l`f hfk`s~lfi

{ah jgns`hn`f`jln gkmx~{jhf{ usìsgjjh"

yalbh {ah isgf{lfi gfk {ah {hsj~ gfk n`fkl{l`f~

`d fgfnlgb g~~l~{gfnh ylbb ch khnlkhk c| {ah

C`gsk `d I`thsf`s~ `d {ah H^J&

[ah N`jjl~~l`f" {ìh{ahs yl{a {ah LJD

gfk lf blgl~`f yl{a {ah HNC" ylbb j`fl{`s

n`jublgfnh yl{a {ah jgns`hn`f`jln gkmx~{jhf{

usìsgjjh" shu`s{lfi {` {ah HN@DLF N`xfnlb

gfk {ah C`gsk `d Klshn{`s~ `d {ah H^J& @f {ah

cg~l~ `d {al~ shu`s{" {ah C`gsk `d Klshn{`s~ ylbb

khnlkh c| jx{xgb gishhjhf{ f {ah kl~cxs~hjhf{

`d dxs{ahs {sgfnah~ `d {ah b`gf& Gd{hs {ah

n`jubh{l`f `d {ah jgns`hn`f`jln gkmx~{jhf{

usìsgjjh" {ah HX N`xfnlb jg| khnlkh" `f

{ah cg~l~ `d g usù`~gb ds`j {ah N`jjl~~l`f"{` ljubhjhf{ u`~{*usìsgjjh ~xsthlbbgfnh"


8/14


yalna ngf ch jglf{glfhk d`s g~ b`fi g~ g ~uhnlhk

gj`xf{ `d {ah fgfnlgb g~~l~{gfnh ag~ f`{

chhf shuglk&

G~ shigsk~ `ths~lia{" {ah H^J ylbb ch xfkhs {ah

klshn{ n`f{s`b `d {ah hxs` gshg n`xf{slh~ {as`xia

{ah H^J C`gsk `d I`thsf`s~& [ah Hxsùhgf

Ugsblgjhf{ ylbb gb~` ch shu`s{hk {` `f g shixbgs

cg~l~ `f {ah h~{gcbl~ajhf{ gfk {ah ùhsg{l`f~

`d {ah H^J& J`sh`ths" {ah H^J gnn`xf{~

ylbb ch ~xcmhn{ {` lf{hsfgb gfk hq{hsfgb gxkl{~&

[ah H^J ylbb uxcbl~a gf gffxgb shu`s{

n`f{glflfi gf gxkl{hk ~{g{hjhf{ `d l{~ gnn`xf{~

gfk nlsnxbg{h gj`fi {ah hxs` gshg n`xf{slh~ g

wxgs{hsb| ~xjjgs| `d l{~ fgfnlgb u`~l{l`f gfk

g us`{ gfk b`~~ ~{g{hjhf{ ~a`ylfi {ah sh~xb{~

`d l{~ ùhsg{l`f~&

[ah sxbh~ gfk us`nhkxsh~ {ag{ ylbb i`thsf {ah

g~~h~~jhf{ gfk bhfklfi gn{ltl{lh~ `d {ah H^J

shffihn{ b`fi*~{gfklfi LJD usgn{lnh& Gnn`sklfib|"

kl~cxs~hjhf{~ `d fgfnlgb g~~l~{gfnh ylbb ch

~{sln{b| n`fkl{l`fgb `f {ah ljubhjhf{g{l`f `d {ah

jgns`hn`f`jln gkmx~{jhf{ usìsgjjh& Ld g hxs`

gshg n`xf{s| k`h~ f`{ gkahsh {` {ah usìsgjjh"

{ah C`gsk d Klshn{`s~ d {ah H^J jg| khnlkh {`

khbg| `s ~x~uhfk {ah kl~cxs~hjhf{ `d {sgfnah~&

Lf ~xna g ng~h" {ah n`xf{s| y`xbk gb~` b`~h

{ah ng{gb|{ln s`bh {ag{ {ah hql~{hfnh gfk usùhs

ljubhjhf{g{l`f `d gf gkmx~{jhf{ usìsgjjh

y`xbk ubg| lf n`ftlfnlfi {ah usltg{h ~hn{`s {`

jglf{glf l{~ hqu`~xsh& L{ l~ {ahshd`sh lf {ah ch~{

lf{hsh~{~ `d {ah chfhnlgs| n`xf{s| {` gkahsh {`

{ah usìsgjjh&

[ah us`~uhn{ `d `dnlgb fgfnlgb g~~l~{gfnh

chlfi gtglbgcbh xfkhs nhs{glf n`fkl{l`f~ ngf" `d

n`xs~h" gb{hs lfnhf{lth~ shbg{hk {` {ah n`fkxn{ `d

fg{l`fgb hn`f`jln u`blnlh~ gfk {ax~ lf{s`kxnh

j`sgb ag}gsk& L{ ag~ gbshgk| chhf f`{hk {ag{ {ah

lf~{l{x{l`fgb kh~lif `d {ah H^J gfk {ah uslnlfi

~{sxn{xsh `d H^J b`gf~ gsh nsl{lngb {` n`f{glflfi

{al~ j`sgb ag}gsk& [ah ~gjh l~ {sxh `d {ah

usgn{lngb gssgfihjhf{~ d`s {ah kl~cxs~hjhf{ `d

`dnlgb fgfnlgb g~~l~{gfnh& [ah HX gx{a`sl{lh~

gfk {ah LJD {ahshd`sh fhhk sli`s`x~ gfgb|{lngb

gfk u`bln| us`nhkxsh~ {` g~~h~~ {ah fhhk d`s

fgfnlgb g~~l~{gfnh gfk {` j`fl{`s n`jublgfnh

yl{a u`bln| n`fkl{l`fgbl{|" yalbh {ah chfhnlgs|

n`xf{s| jx~{ ch ~{hgkdg~{b| n`jjl{{hk {`

{ah ljubhjhf{g{l`f `d {ah jgns`hn`f`jln

gkmx~{jhf{& Lf {ah hfk" l{ ylbb ch nsxnlgb {ag{ gbb

gn{`s~ lft`bthk hf~xsh {ag{ {ah usìsgjjh l~

usùhsb| hfd`snhk lf {ah n`xf{s| n`fnhsfhk&

USLTG[H ^HN[@S LFT@BTHJHF[

Yahsh fgfnlgb g~~l~{gfnh l~ isgf{hk {` g hxs`

gshg n`xf{s| c| {ah H^J" n`f~lkhsg{l`f ylbb ch

ilthf `f g ng~h*c|*ng~h cg~l~ {` gf gkhwxg{h

gfk usù`s{l`fg{h d`sj `d usltg{h ~hn{`s

lft`bthjhf{ lf {ah nb`~lfi `d {ah fgfnlfi igu&

[al~ ylbb ~hsth tgsl`x~ uxsu`~h~& Gj`fi `{ahs

{alfi~" l{ ~a`xbk ahbu {` hf~xsh gf guusùslg{h

uslnlfi `d sl~o lf i`thsfjhf{ c`fk jgsoh{~ gfk

dgls gfk usù`s{l`fg{h cxskhf ~agslfi ch{yhhf

{gqug|hs~ gfk usltg{h nshkl{`s~ lf {ah us`tl~l`f

`d {ah fgfnlgb g~~l~{gfnh& [ah fg{xsh gfk hq{hf{

`d {al~ lft`bthjhf{ ylbb ch kh{hsjlfhk ng~h

c| ng~h" lf blfh yl{a LJD usgn{lnh !~hh C`q 7,&

G{ {ah ~gjh {ljh" {ah kh~lif d gf| usltg{h ~hn{`s

lft`bthjhf{ ~a`xbk ch ~xna {ag{ l{ us`tlkh~

{ah x{j`~{ lfnhf{lth~ d`s n`xf{slh~ xfkhs

~{sh~~ {` a`f`xs {ahls `cblig{l`f~ sg{ahs {agf

n`f~lkhs khdgxb{&

Yahsh {ah khc{ ~x~{glfgclbl{| g~~h~~jhf{

lfklng{h~ {ag{ ~x~{glfgclbl{| ngf ch sh~{`shk

{as`xia g shgbl~{ln jgns`hn`f`jln gkmx~{jhf{

usìsgjjh" yalna l~ f`sjgbb| hquhn{hk {` ch

{ah ng~h" {ah chfhnlgs| n`xf{s| ylbb ch shwxlshk

{` {goh lfl{lg{lth~ gljhk g{ hfn`xsgilfi {ah jglf

usltg{h lfth~{`s~ {` jglf{glf {ahls hqu`~xsh~

t`bxf{gslb|&


9/14

9

~{gfkgskl~hk gfk lkhf{lngb n`bbhn{lth gn{l`f

nbgx~h~ !NGN~, ylbb ch lfnbxkhk" lf ~xna g yg|

g~ {` ush~hsth jgsoh{ blwxlkl{|" lf {ah {hsj~ gfk

n`fkl{l`f~ `d gbb fhy hxs` gshg i`thsfjhf{ c`fk~

yl{a g jg{xsl{| `d gc`th `fh |hgs& [ah~h NGN~

ylbb ch n`f~l~{hf{ yl{a {a`~h n`jj`f xfkhs

Hfibl~a gfk Fhy \`so bgy ~lfnh {ah I75 shu`s{

`f NGN~" gfk ylbb lfnbxkh giishig{l`f nbgx~h~

gbb`ylfi gbb khc{ ~hnxsl{lh~ l~~xhk c| g hxs` gshg

n`xf{s| {` ch n`f~lkhshk {ìh{ahs lf fhi`{lg{l`f~&

[al~ y`xbk hfgcbh {ah nshkl{`s~ {` {goh g wxgblhk

jgm`sl{| khnl~l`f gishhlfi g bhigbb| clfklfi nagfih

{` {ah {hsj~ `d ug|jhf{ !~{gfk~{lbb" hq{hf~l`f `d

{ah jg{xsl{|" lf{hsh~{ sg{h nx{ gfk/`s aglsnx{, lf {ah

hthf{ {ag{ {ah khc{`s l~ xfgcbh {` ug| !~hh C`q 3,&

C`q 3

N@BBHN[LTH GN[L@F NBGX^H^ D@S FHY HXS@ GSHG I@THSFJHF[ C@FK^

@f 31 F`thjchs 3575 {ah Hxsìs`xu khnlkhk {ag{ n`bbhn{lth gn{l`f nbgx~h~ !NGN~, y`xbk

ch lfnbxkhk lf {ah lf{hsfg{l`fgb gfk k`jh~{ln l~~xh~ `d hxs` gshg i`thsfjhf{ ~hnxsl{lh~

!yl{a g jg{xsl{| `d gc`th `fh |hgs, ds`j Mxb| 357> `fygsk~& [al~ khnl~l`f yg~ n`fsjhk lf {ah

N`fnbx~l`f~ `d {ah Ahgk~ `d ^{g{h `s I`thsfjhf{ `d {ah hxs` gshg `d 77 Jgsna 3577 gfk lf {ah

N`fnbx~l`f~ `d {ah Hxsùhgf N`xfnlb `d 3;*38 Jgsna 3577& NGN~ gsh n`f{sgn{xgb us`tl~l`f~

lf~hs{hk lf{` {ah {hsj~ gfk n`fkl{l`f~ i`thsflfi c`fk~& [ah| agth chhf x~hk lf ~`thshlif c`fk~i`thsfhk c| Hfibl~a bgy d`s jgf| |hgs~ gfk" d`bb`ylfi {ah uxcblng{l`f lf 3553 `d {ah Shu`s{ `d


11/14

17HNC


GS[LNBH^


Yl{a`x{ ushmxklnh {` {ah~h n`f~lkhsg{l`f~"

a`yhths" l{ l~ lju`s{gf{ {` f`{h {ag{ sh~`s{lfi

{` khc{ sh~{sxn{xslfi g~ g d`sj `d usltg{h ~hn{`s

lft`bthjhf{ y`xbk ch g ths| n`~{b| us`nh~~"

f`{ `fb| d`s {ah n`xf{s| n`fnhsfhk cx{ gb~` d`s

`{ahs hxs` gshg n`xf{slh~& G sh~{sxn{xslfi `d

~`thshlif khc{ n`xbk ~liflngf{b| xfkhsjlfh

{ah fgfnlgb ~hn{`s `d {ah n`xf{s| n`fnhsfhk

gfk y`xbk sl~o n`f{gil`f {` hqu`~hk cgfo~ lf

`{ahs hxs` gshg n`xf{slh~& G~ g shngul{gbl~g{l`f`d {ah hqu`~hk cgfo~ n`xbk chn`jh fhnh~~gs|

{` n`juhf~g{h d`s {ah b`~~h~ `f i`thsfjhf{

c`fk~ `d {ah sh~{sxn{xslfi n`xf{s| lf {ahls

u`s{d`bl`~" dxs{ahs ~{sglf n`xbk ch ux{ `f {ah

~ngb u`~l{l`f~ `d {ah hxs` gshg i`thsfjhf{~

n`fnhsfhk& Gf| khc{ sh~{sxn{xslfi l~ gb~`

blohb| {` ljub| dgs*shgnalfi ~hn`fk*s`xfk

hddhn{~" lf ugs{ {as`xia {ah lfnshg~h lf cgfo~

a`bklfi~ `d f`f*uhsd`sjlfi b`gf~ hq{hfkhk {`

i`thsfjhf{~ gfk f`f*fgfnlgb n`su`sg{l`f~&

Lfklshn{ n`f{gil`f {` `{ahs hxs` gshg n`xf{slh~

tlg n`fkhfnh hddhn{~ l~ gb~` u`~~lcbh& [ah

alia gfk xfushkln{gcbh n`~{~ `d gf| d`sj `dkhc{ sh~{sxn{xslfi shlfd`snh {ah fhhk {` hf~xsh

g ths| ~{sln{ ljubhjhf{g{l`f `d {ah fhy

^{gclbl{| gfk Is`y{a Ugn{ {` hbljlfg{h {ah

{ah I75 Y`solfi Is`xu `f N`f{sgn{xgb Nbgx~h~" {ah| agth gb~` chhf khthbùhk c| {ah usltg{h

~hn{`s d`s x~h lf ~`thshlif c`fk~ i`thsfhk c| Fhy \`so bgy&

NGN~ gsh kh~lifhk {` hf~xsh `skhsb| ~`thshlif khc{ sh~{sxn{xslfi& [ah| us`tlkh gf hddhn{lth jhgf~

d`s g ~xuhsjgm`sl{| `d c`fka`bkhs~ !44 ( `s 98(, gfk {ah khc{`s {` sh~{sxn{xsh `x{~{gfklfi

c`fk~ !h&i& j`kld| oh| ug|jhf{ {hsj~" s n`fths{ s hqnagfih c`fk~,& xna sh~{sxn{xslfi x~xgbb|

guublh~ {` g ~lfibh c`fk ~hslh~" cx{ l{ ngf gb~` guub| gns`~~ jxb{lubh c`fk ~hslh~ x~lfi giishig{l`f

nbgx~h~ !yalna gsh x~hk c| ~`thshlif l~~xhs~ ~xna g~ Xsxixg| gfk Gsihf{lfg,& NGN~ ljub| {ag{

gf| sh~{sxn{xslfi j`klng{l`f~ gnnhu{hk c| {ah ~uhnlhk jgm`sl{| `d c`fka`bkhs~ gsh n`fnbx~lth

gfk clfklfi `f gbb a`bkhs~ `d {ah khc{ ~hnxsl{lh~ `d g ugs{lnxbgs c`fk ~hslh~ yah{ahs `s f`{ {ah|agth ilthf {ahls n`f~hf{ yalna dgnlbl{g{h~ ~xnnh~~dxb khc{ sh~{sxn{xslfi c| `thsn`jlfi {ah

us`cbhj `d a`bk*`x{ nshkl{`s~&7 Lf `skhs {` kh{hs kl~sxu{lth bl{lig{l`f c| jlf`sl{| c`fka`bkhs~

sh~l~{lfi {ah sh~{sxn{xslfi" NGN~ jg| n`fnhf{sg{h {ah u`yhs {` lfl{lg{h bl{lig{l`f lf g ~lfibh hf{l{|

!h&i& g {sx~{hh," yalbh jgolfi {ah u`yhs {` khnbgsh c`fk~ ljjhklg{hb| kxh gfk shkhhjgcbh g{ {ahls

uslfnlugb gj`xf{ {ìh{ahs yl{a gnnsxhk lf{hsh~{ xu`f khdgxb{ khuhfkhf{ `f g n`bbhn{lth t`{h `d

{ah nshkl{`s~" gfk us`tlklfi d`s {ah gclbl{| {` shths~h ~xna g khnbgsg{l`f c| g jgm`sl{| d nshkl{`s~&

NGN~ gb~` glj {` d`~{hs hgsb| klgbìxh gfk n``sklfg{l`f ch{yhhf {ah ~`thshlif gfk l{~ nshkl{`s~

{as`xia {ah f`jlfg{l`f `d g uhsjgfhf{ fhi`{lg{lfi shush~hf{g{lth gfk {ah lju`~l{l`f `d nhs{glf

gkkl{l`fgb lfd`sjg{l`f*us`tlklfi cblig{l`f~ xu`f {ah l~~xhs&

L{ l~ hftl~gihk {ag{ {ah jglf dhg{xsh~ `d {ah NGN~ {` ch x~hk lf hxs` gshg i`thsfjhf{ c`fk~ ylbb

ch n`f~l~{hf{ yl{a {a`~h n`jj`fb| x~hk xfkhs Fhy \`so gfk Hfibl~a bgy ~lfnh {ah 3553 I75shu`s{& NGN~ ylbb ch lf{s`kxnhk lf g ~{gfkgskl~hk d`sj" yalna ylbb hf~xsh {ag{ {ahls bhigb ljugn{

l~ ~ljlbgs lf gbb hxs` gshg mxsl~kln{l`f~" {ahshc| ush~hstlfi g bhthb ubg|lfi hbk gj`fi hxs` gshg

n`xf{slh~&

[ah kh{glbhk bhigb gssgfihjhf{~ d`s lfnbxklfi NGN~ lf hxs` gshg i`thsfjhf{ ~hnxsl{lh~ ylbb ch

khnlkhk `f {ah cg~l~ `d y`so chlfi xfkhs{gohf c| {ah HX~ Hn`f`jln gfk Dlfgfnlgb N`jjl{{hh

^xc*N`jjl{{hh `f HX ^`thshlif Khc{ Jgsoh{~" d`bb`ylfi guusùslg{h n`f~xb{g{l`f yl{a jgsoh{

ugs{lnlugf{~ gfk `{ahs ~{goha`bkhs~" gfk ylbb ch fgbl~hk c| {ah hfk `d 3577&

7 G a`bk*`x{ ~l{xg{l`f `nnxs~ yahf ~`jh nshkl{ s~ a`bk cgno ds`j gnnhu{lfi gf hqnagfih `ddhs jgkh c| {ah l~~xhs lf gf g{{hju{ {`

sh~{sxn{xsh `x{~{gfklfi c`fk~ gfk {s| {` sh{glf {ah slia{ {` khjgfk shug|jhf{ `d {ahls c`fk~ g{ ugs !{ah dxbb f`jlfgb gj`xf{,& L{ l~

gsixhk {ag{ a`bk*`x{~ u`~h g bl{lig{l`f {ashg{ {` {ah ~`thshlif c`ss`yhs gfk jg| ~liflngf{b| xfkhsjlfh l{~ gclbl{| {` ~hstlnh {ah fhy

c`fk~ l{ ag~ l~~xhk {` {ah nshkl{`s~ ugs{lnlug{lfi lf {ah hqnagfih&


12/14


C`q >

[AH ^[G[L^[LNGB [SHG[JHF[ @D [AH HXS@UHGF DLFGFNLGB ^[GCLBL[\ DGNLBL[\

GFK [AH HXS@UHGF ^[GCLBL[\ JHNAGFL^J

D`bb`ylfi {ah khnl~l`f c| {ah Hxsùhgf N`xfnlb g{ l{~ jhh{lfi `f 74*79 Khnhjchs 3575 {`

h~{gcbl~a g uhsjgfhf{ ~{gclbl{| jhnagfl~j" {ah Hxsùhgf N`jjl~~l`f !Hxs`~{g{, yg~ g~ohk

{` g~~h~~ {ah ~{g{l~{lngb {shg{jhf{ `d {ah H^J& Hxs`~{g{ n`f~xb{hk {ah N`jjl{{hh `f J`fh{gs|"

Dlfgfnlgb gfk Cgbgfnh `d Ug|jhf{~ ^{g{l~{ln~ !NJDC," yalna n`f~l~{~ `d ~hfl`s ~{g{l~{lnlgf~

ds`j gbb HX fg{l`fgb ~{g{l~{lngb lf~{l{x{h~" fg{l`fgb nhf{sgb cgfo~" Hxs`~{g{ gfk {ah HNC& @f {ah

sl~o `d ~xna khc{ sh~{sxn{xslfi chlfi fhhkhk

lf {ah s~{ ubgnh&

Lf blfh yl{a LJD usgn{lnh" {ah H^J ylbb

agth ushdhsshk nshkl{`s ~{g{x~ g~ `d Mxb| 357>

!~hh C`q 7," yalbh shnìfl~lfi {ah ushdhsshk

nshkl{`s ~{g{x~ `d LJD nbglj~ `ths H^J nbglj~&

A`yhths" ld H^J fgfnlgb g~~l~{gfnh yhsh {`

d`bb`y g Hxsùhgf fgfnlgb g~~l~{gfnh usìsgjjh

hql~{lfi g{ {ah {ljh `d {ah ~lifg{xsh `d {ah H^J

[shg{|" H^J b`gf~ y`xbk hfm`| {ah ~gjh ~hfl`sl{|

g~ gbb {ahs b`gf~ gfk cblig{l`f~ d {ah chfhnlgs|

n`xf{s|" yl{a {ah hqnhu{l`f d LJD b`gf~&

[AH DXFKLFI @D [AH H^J

[ah H^J ylbb agth g {`{gb ~xc~nslchk ngul{gb `d

955 clbbl`f" `d yalna 15 clbbl`f ylbb ch uglk*

lf ngul{gb gfk 435 clbbl`f ngbbgcbh ngul{gb& [al~

ngul{gb ~{sxn{xsh ag~ chhf ux{ lf ubgnh {` hf~xsh

{ah aliah~{ u`~~lcbh nshkl{ sg{lfi d`s {ah H^J"

yalbh gb~` ixgsgf{hhlfi g bhfklfi ngugnl{| `d

855 clbbl`f" {ah ~gjh g~ {ah n`jclfhk bhfklfi

ngugnl{| `d {ah HD^J gfk HD^D&

^{gs{lfi lf Mxb| 357>" {ah uglk*lf ngul{gb ylbb ch

us`tlkhk lf th hwxgb gffxgb lf~{gbjhf{~& [ah

H^J ylbb gb~` fgfnh l{~hbd {as`xia {ah l~~xgfnh

`d khc{ ~hnxsl{lh~& Hxs` gshg n`xf{slh~ agth

jgkh g n`jjl{jhf{ {` hf~xsh g jlfljxj sg{l`

`d 78( ch{yhhf uglk*lf ngul{gb gfk `x{~{gfklfi

H^J ~hnxsl{lh~ l~~xgfnh kxslfi {ah uhsl`k `ths

yalna ngul{gb l~ uglk lf&

[ah kh~lif `d {ah ngul{gb ~{sxn{xsh `d {ah H^J

~a`xbk n`f{slcx{h {` l{~ s`cx~{fh~~ gfk ~h{

guusùslg{h lfnhf{lth~ d`s hxs` gshg n`xf{slh~&

Dls~{" {ah uglk*lf ngul{gb jgoh~ {ah H^J bh~~

txbfhsgcbh {` jlisg{l`f sl~o !l&h& {ah sl~o

hjgfg{lfi ds`j u`{hf{lgb k`yfisgkh~ `d {ah

nshkl{ sg{lfi~ `d lfkltlkxgb hxs` gshg n`xf{slh~,

{agf {ah HD^D" jhgflfi {ag{ ~`thshlif nshkl{

sg{lfi~ ylbb ubg| g bh~~hs s`bh lf {ah `thsgbb sg{lfi

`d {ah H^J& ^hn`fk" {ah x~h `d ngbbgcbh ngul{gb lf

gkkl{l`f {` ixgsgf{hh~ gbb`y~ ishg{hsffihqlclbl{|&

D`s hqgjubh" {ah C`gsk `d Klshn{`s~ ngf khnlkh

c| ~ljubh jgm`sl{| {` ngbb lf ngul{gb ld {ah uglk*

lf ngul{gb l~ shkxnhk {as`xia {ah gc~`su{l`f `d

b`~~h~& [ah ljjhklg{h cxkih{gs| n`f~hwxhfnh~

`d g khnl~l`f {` ngbb lf gkkl{l`fgb ngul{gb us`tlkh

~{s`fi lfnhf{lth~ {` n`f{slcx{lfi hxs` gshg

n`xf{slh~ {` guus`th {ah us`tl~l`f `d fgfnlgb

g~~l~{gfnh fb| ld {ah| !l, n`f~lkhs ~xna g~~l~{gfnh

{` ch lfkl~uhf~gcbh {` ~gdhixgsklfi {ah fgfnlgb

~{gclbl{| `d {ah hxs` gshg g~ g ya`bh gfk !ll, gsh

n`ftlfnhk {ag{ b`gf~ ylbb lfkhhk ch uglk cgno&

L{ ~a`xbk gb~` ch f`{hk {ag{ {ah ngul{gb ~{sxn{xsh

gbb`y~ khc{ `yhk c| {ah H^J {` ch nbg~~lhk

g~ uxcbln khc{ `d g Hxsùhgf lf~{l{x{l`f

sg{ahs {agf `d lfkltlkxgb hxs` gshg n`xf{slh~

!~hh C`q > d`s j`sh kh{glb~,& F`fh{ahbh~~" g~ hxs`

gshg n`xf{slh~ gsh hf{hslfi lf{` n`jjl{jhf{~

{` us`tlkh gkkl{l`fgb fgfnh {as`xia {ah H^J

xfkhs ~uhnln nlsnxj~{gfnh~" {ah n`f{lfihf{

blgclbl{lh~ gsl~lfi ds`j {ah~h n`jjl{jhf{~ jx~{

ch ngshdxbb| j`fl{`shk&


13/14

1>HNC


GS[LNBH^


Hxs` gshg n`xf{slh~ ylbb n`f{slcx{h {` {ah H^J~

ngul{gb gnn`sklfi {` {ahls ~agsh lf {ah HNC~

ngul{gb oh|" yalna ilth~ hwxgb yhlia{ {` {ah

n`xf{s|~ ~agsh~ lf {ah {`{gb uùxbg{l`f gfk {`{gb

IKU" sh~uhn{lthb|" `d {ah HX& A`yhths" hxs`gshg n`xf{slh~ {ag{ agth g shbg{lthb| b`y IKU

uhs ngul{g !l&h& chb`y 98( `d {ah HX gthsgih,"

ylbb ~hh {ahls n`f{slcx{l`f shkxnhk d`s g

jgqljxj uhsl`k `d 73 |hgs~ gd{hs {ah hf{s| lf{`

d`snh `d {ah H^J `s gd{hs {ahls hf{s| lf{` {ah

hxs` gshg&1

[al~ {hju`sgs| n`sshn{l`f ylbb ch g~ d`bb`y~= H^J ~agsh : HNC1

oh| ~agsh * 5&98-!HNC oh| ~agsh * is`~~ fg{l`fgb lfn`jh ~agsh,&

cg~l~ `d {ah NJDC~ ùlfl`f" Hxs`~{g{ khnlkhk {ag{ {ah dhg{xsh~ `d {ah H^J ygssgf{ klddhshf{

{shg{jhf{ {` {ag{ `d {ah HD^D" yalna {ah H^J ylbb shubgnh lf jlk*357>& 7

Dhg{xsh~ gfk ~{g{l~{lngb {shg{jhf{ `d {ah Hxsùhgf Dlfgfnlgb ^{gclbl{| Dgnlbl{|

[ah HD^D yg~ ~h{ xu {` bhfk j`fh| {` hxs` gshg n`xf{slh~ lf fgfnlgb kldnxb{lh~& L{~ c`ss`ylfi

l~ ixgsgf{hhk c| {ah `{ahs hxs` gshg n`xf{slh~& L{ yg~ ~h{ xu g~ g usltg{h n`jugf| xfkhs

Bxqhjc`xsi bgy yl{a ths| bljl{hk ngul{gb shbg{lth {` l{~ c`ss`ylfi gfk bhfklfi ngugnl{lh~& L{~

jglf gn{ltl{lh~ gsh kh{hsjlfhk c| {ah Hxsìs`xu&

G~ {ah HD^D l~ gn{lfi `f chagbd `d {ah ixgsgf{`s hxs` gshg n`xf{slh~ yahf bhfklfi {` g n`xf{s|

lf fhhk" ~xna g bhfklfi ùhsg{l`f l~ s`x{hk {as`xia {ah i`thsfjhf{ gnn`xf{~ `d {ah ixgsgf{`s

n`xf{slh~& [al~ jhgf~ {ag{ d`s jgns`hn`f`jln ~{g{l~{lngb uxsu`~h~ {ah j`fh| {ag{ g chfhnlgs|

n`xf{s| c`ss`y~ ds`j {ah HD^D l~ f`{ shn`skhk g~ g klshn{ b`gf ds`j {ah HD^D {` {ag{ n`xf{s|

cx{ g~ g b`gf ds`j {ah HD^D {` {ah ixgsgf{`s n`xf{slh~& [ah~h ixgsgf{`s n`xf{slh~ lf {xsf bhfk

{ah j`fh| {` {ah n`xf{s| lf fhhk& [al~ jh{a`k `d shn`sklfi jhgf~ {ag{ f`{ `fb| k`h~ {ah

is`~~ i`thsfjhf{ khc{ `d {ah n`xf{s| lf fhhk lfnshg~h" cx{ gb~` {ah is`~~ i`thsfjhf{ khc{

`d {ah ixgsgf{`s n`xf{slh~ lf usù`s{l`f {` {ahls sh~uhn{lth ~agsh~ lf {ah ixgsgf{hh~ us`tlkhk

{` {ah HD^D&

Lf ~xc~{gfnh" {ah ~xuu`s{ ùhsg{l`f~ `d {ah HD^D gsh {ahshc| {shg{hk lf g ~ljlbgs yg| {` {ah

n``sklfg{hk clbg{hsgb b`gf~ {` Ishhnh ds`j {ah `{ahs hxs` gshg n`xf{slh~&

Dhg{xsh~ gfk ~{g{l~{lngb {shg{jhf{ `d {ah Hxsùhgf ^{gclbl{| Jhnagfl~j

[ah H^J ag~ ~`jh hftl~gihk dhg{xsh~ yalna ylbb jgoh l{ wxl{h klddhshf{ ds`j {ah HD^D& [ah

H^J ylbb f`{ ch g usltg{h n`jugf| cx{ g uhsjgfhf{ lf{hsfg{l`fgb `sigfl~g{l`f" ~h{ xu c| g

{shg{| ~lifhk c| {ah hxs` gshg n`xf{slh~& L{~ i`thsfgfnh ~{sxn{xsh ylbb gb~` ch ~ljlbgs {` {ag{ `d

`{ahs lf{hsfg{l`fgb `sigfl~g{l`f~& J`sh`ths" {ah H^J ylbb agth g ~xc~{gf{lgb uglk*lf ngul{gb `d

15 clbbl`f" ljub|lfi g ngugclbl{| {` chgs sl~o~ `f l{~ `yf&

@f {ah cg~l~ `d {ah~h hftl~gihk dhg{xsh~" gfk d`bb`ylfi {ah NJDC~ ùlfl`f" Hxs`~{g{ khnlkhk

{ag{ {ah H^J ~a`xbk ch {shg{hk lf {ah ~gjh yg| g~ ~ljlbgs lf{hsfg{l`fgb fgfnlgb `sigfl~g{l`f~

~xna g~ {ah LJD& B`gf~ ds`j {ah H^J {` g hxs` gshg n`xf{s| lf fhhk ylbb ch shn`skhk lf {ah~gjh yg| g~ g b`gf ds`j {ah LJD {` g Jhjchs ^{g{h !l&h& g~ g klshn{ b`gf ds`j gf lf{hsfg{l`fgb

`sigfl~g{l`f {` {ah n`xf{s| lf wxh~{l`f,& [ahshd`sh" xfbloh {ah b`gf~ us`tlkhk c| {ah HD^D" {ah

b`gf~ us`tlkhk c| {ah H^J ylbb f`{ ch s`x{hk {as`xia {ah gnn`xf{~ `d `{ahs hxs` gshg n`xf{slh~

gfk ylbb {ahshd`sh f`{ lfnshg~h {ahls i`thsfjhf{ khc{&

7 [ah NJDC ùlfl`f~ gfk Hxs ~{g{ khnl~l`f~ `f {ah HD^D gfk {ah H^J gsh gtglbgcbh `f {ah NJDC~ yhc~l{h !yyy&njdc&`si,&


14/14

1;HNCJ`f{ab| Cxbbh{lf

> N@FNBX^L@F^

^{shfi{ahfhk ~ngb" jgns`hn`f`jln gfk jgns`*

usxkhf{lgb ~xsthlbbgfnh l~ h~~hf{lgb {` hf~xsh {ah

~j``{a dxfn{l`flfi `d HJX& ^{sln{ `c~hstgfnh

`d {ah hfagfnhk {gclbl{| gfk Is`y{a Ugn{" nb`~h

~xsthlbbgfnh `d jgns`hn`f`jln ljcgbgfnh~

gfk hddhn{lth hn`f`jln u`bln| n``sklfg{l`f

~a`xbk us`tlkh g ~gdhixgsk giglf~{ {ah cxlbk*

xu `d ~|~{hjln sl~o~ {ag{ jlia{ {sliihs nsl~h~ `d

n`fkhfnh `d {ah {|uh gfk jgifl{xkh {ag{ agth

chhf hquhslhfnhk lf {ah shnhf{ ug~{& A`yhths"

{` {ah hq{hf{ {ag{ xfd`sh~hhf hq{hsfgb ~a`no~

ngf `nnxs" {ah sl~o `d nsl~h~ ngf fhths ch dxbb|

hbljlfg{hk" lf ~ul{h `d ~{shfi{ahfhk ~ngb gfk

jgns`hn`f`jln ~xsthlbbgfnh& D`s {al~ shg~`f"

gfk lf `skhs {` hf~xsh {ah ~{gclbl{| `d {ah hxs`

gshg g~ g ya`bh" l{ yg~ khnlkhk {` gb~` h~{gcbl~a

g dsgjhy`so yalna n`xbk us`tlkh {hju`sgs|

fgfnlgb ~xuu`s{ {` hxs` gshg n`xf{slh~" yl{a {ah

glj `d us`tlklfi cslkih dxfklfi d`s {ah uhsl`k

`d {ljh fhhkhk {` ljubhjhf{ g khhu gkmx~{jhf{

us`isgjjh {` n`sshn{ ljcgbgfnh~&

[ah h~{gcbl~ajhf{ `d g uhsjgfhf{ nsl~l~

jgfgihjhf{ jhnagfl~j d`s {ah hxs` gshg ngf

{ax~ ~xuu`s{ {ah `thsgbb ~{sxn{xsh `d HJX&

Ds`j {ah HNC~ uhs~uhn{lth" l{ l~ nsxnlgb {ag{

{ah hql~{hfnh `d {ah H^J" l{~ kh~lif gfk l{~

gn{ltl{lh~ k` f`{ nshg{h j`sgb ag}gsk" cx{ sg{ahs

~{shfi{ahf {ah lfnhf{lth~ d`s usxkhf{ ~ngb gfk

hn`f`jln u`blnlh~ lf gbb hxs` gshg n`xf{slh~ ths

{ah b`fi {hsj& D`s {al~ shg~`f" l{ l~ h~~hf{lgb {ag{

gf|

fgfnlgb g~~l~{gfnh ylbb ch ~xcmhn{ {` ths|~{sln{ jgns`hn`f`jln u`bln| n`fkl{l`fgbl{| gfk

ch isgf{hk `f f`f*n`fnh~~l`fgb {hsj~&

Dlfgfnlgb g~~l~{gfnh jx~{ f`{ gn{ g~ g ~ngb

{sgf~dhs" cx{ `fb| g~ g blwxlkl{| cslkih {ag{

gbb`y~ hxs` gshg n`xf{slh~ lf kl~{sh~~ {` {goh {ah

fhnh~~gs| jhg~xsh~ {` cx| {ljh {` sh~{`sh ~ngb

~x~{glfgclbl{| gfk n`juh{l{lthfh~~ lf {ah jhklxj

{hsj& [ah H^J y`xbk ch gn{ltg{hk `fb| ld

lfkl~uhf~gcbh {` ~gdhixgskfgfnlgb ~{gclbl{| lf {ah

hxs` gshg g~ g ya`bh& L{ l~ {ahshd`sh `d {ah x{j`~{

lju`s{gfnh {ag{ {ah sgfih `d jhg~xsh~ d`nx~lfi`f nsl~l~ ushthf{l`f gfk u`bln| ~xsthlbbgfnh gsh

yhbb*kh~lifhk gfk ljubhjhf{hk lf dxbb ~` {ag{

x~lfi {ah H^J k`h~ f`{ chn`jh fhnh~~gs|&

esm european stability mechanism

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