esa globsnow - project overview - · pdf filefinnish meteorological institute 1.12.2011 1 esa...
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1.12.2011Finnish Meteorological Institute 1
ESA GlobSnow - project overview
GCW 1st Implementation meetingGeneve, 23 Nov. 2011
K. Luojus & J. Pulliainen (FMI)+ R. Solberg (NR)
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1.12.2011Finnish Meteorological Institute 2
• ESA-GlobSnow project: Production of novel hemispherical snow extent (SE) and snow water equivalent (SWE) climate data records.
• Generation of long time-series employing FMI supercomputing facilities at Helsinki (daily, weekly and monthly maps of SE and SWE for northern hemisphere)
• Near-real-time GlobSnow processing system and data archives located in Sodankylä.
• Consortium members: Finnish Meteorological Institute (FMI) with ENVEO IT GmbH (Austria), GAMMA Remote Sensing (Switzerland), Norwegian Computing Center, Finnish Environment Institute (SYKE), and Environment Canada (EC).
• Details and products available at www.globsnow.info
ESA GlobSnow
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30 year-long CDR time-series on snow conditionsof Northern Hemisphere (ESA-GlobSnow SWE)
• First time reliable daily spatial information on SWE (snow cover):- Snow Water Equivalent (SWE) - Snow Extent and melt (+grain size)
- 25 km resolution (EASE-grid)- Time-series for 1979-2011
• Passive microwave radiometer data combined with ground-based synoptic snow observations- Variational data-assimilation
• Available at open data archive (www.globsnow.info)
• Demonstration of NRT processing started on October 2010
• Greenland, glaciers & mountains masked out
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1.12.2011Finnish Meteorological Institute 4
SWE algorithm selection & validation
SWE estimates from 5 algorithms evaluated for Eurasia (1994-1997)• FMI Assimilation algorithm (Pulliainen 2006)• EC SWE suite (Goodison, Walker, Goita, Derksen et al. 1993-2009)• Chang et al. 1987 (original channel difference algorithm)• SPD-algorithm (Asbacher 1989)• Armstrong and Brodzik 2001-algorithm (Improved channel difference)
SWE algorithm evaluation for 09/1994 and 12/1997 (SSM/I data)
• Evaluations for North America and Finland were carried out in addition to the analyses for Eurasia
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1.12.2011Finnish Meteorological Institute 5
Validation data – INTAS SSCONE data
INTAS SSCONE data (from the former USSR and Russia)• There are 1294 snow path stations with data from the USSR
• Manual (0.5 – 2km) transects measuring snow depth• There were 450 path stations with data for 1994-1997
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1.12.2011Finnish Meteorological Institute 6
Overall performance for SWE algorithmsEurasia 09/1994 – 12/1997
Reference data: independent snow transects
Name RMSE bias Corr.coeff Unbiased RMSE Samples
FMI algorithm – used for GlobSnow) 43.2 mm -3.1 mm 0.611 43.1 mm 26063
EC algorithm 67.6 mm -28.2 mm 0.210 61.5 mm 18109
Chang et al. 1987 (asc node)Chang et al. 1987 (desc node)
71.6 mm70.7 mm
-8.4 mm1.6 mm
0.0110.029
71.1 mm70.8 mm
2672627521
SPD algorithm (asc node)SPD algorithm (desc node)
67.1 mm63.9 mm
-12.7 mm-3.1 mm
0.0520.121
65.9 mm63.9 mm
2955929451
Armstrong et al. 2001 (asc node)Armstrong et al. 2001 (desc node)
72.3 mm73.7 mm
-44.1 mm-42.9 mm
0.0440.029
57.3 mm59.9 mm
2179624791
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SWE retrieval (data assimilation vs. channel diff.)• Density scatterplot (assimilated vs. satellite only SWE)• Ground truth data is INTAS SCCONE SWE transect data
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F 17SSM/I
F 13SSM/I
F 11SSM/I
F 8SSM/ISMMR
F 13SSM/I
F 11SSM/I
F 8SSM/ISMMR
F 17SSM/I
• RMS error and retrieval bias calculated independently for each year 1980-2009• Reference data: snow transects from Russia (INTAS-SCCONE)
Consistency of SWE retrieval 1980 - 2009
SWE<150 mm
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1.12.2011Finnish Meteorological Institute 91.12.2011Finnish Meteorological Institute 9
GlobSnow SE Dataset
• SE retrieval using ERS-2 ATSR-2 and Envisat AATSR data
- Finnish Environment Institute’s SCAmod algorithm.
- Norwegian Linear Reflectance’ (NLR) fractional snow cover (FSC) algorithm;
- 15 years SE data record has been produced using optical imagery from ATSR-2 (1995-) and AATSR (2002-) on a hemispherical scale. yellow – clouds
green – bare groundwhite – snow cover
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1.12.2011Finnish Meteorological Institute 10
Daily, weekly and monthly products
April 2003
19 April 2003
10 April 2003
Optical data ~ 1km spatial resolution
March 2010
1 March 2010
3 March 2010
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Examples of monthly products, 2010
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April 2003
May 2003
June 2003
Examples of monthly products, 2010
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Apr 4 2011
Example:Trend analysisusingSWE product
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Apr 4 2011
Snow clearance date • Example for year
2008• Time series of 30
years processed and distributed along the SWE product
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Frost tube measurements in Finland• Operated by Finnish environmental institute• Default configuration: Three frost tubes in three
different locations: Open area, Forest and Bog site.
• Manually recorder three times per month (usually 6th, 16th and 26th). During freezing and thawing 5 times.
• Almost 40 manually recorded frost tube “stations”.
• In Sodankylä, automatic temperature profile measurements installed next to frost tubes for comparison.
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Frost tube locations
• Typically three tubes in three main land classes: forest, bog, open
Forest
Bog
Open
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Two winter time-series: ELBARA-II and frost/snow
Inc. angle: 50°
Snow Snow
Frost Frost
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Hemispherical trend of snow extent (PMW ~25km)
1.12.2011Finnish Meteorological Institute 19
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Hemispherical trend of snow mass
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1.12.2011Finnish Meteorological Institute 21
Production of novel global snow extent (SE) and snow water equivalent (SWE) climate data records (15 and 30 years of snow cover information)
- coarse resolution (25km) SWE and SE for 1979 – 2011- medium resolution (1km) SE for 1995 – 2011
Additionally, near-real-time GlobSnow processing demonstration is ongoing with open data access (started on October 2010)
Additional information and all GlobSnow products available at www.globsnow.info
GlobSnow - Summary
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Any Questions ?(GlobSnow-handouts available…)
1.12.2011Finnish Meteorological Institute 22