Erweiterung einer Brennerei zu

einer Lignocellulose-Bioraffinerie

Material- & Energy Flow Management

Bioethanol │Biogas │ HTC Biochar

Biokraftstofftagung NRW, Haus Düsse,

27. November 2014

Timo Broeker, M.Sc., Dipl.-Ing. Dennis Blöhse, Jörg Bittner, cand. M.Sc

Prof. J. Schneider; Prof. H.-G. Ramke

CONTENT

I. Current Project „BioAL-COAL“

II. Coming Project „bioCONNECT“

III. Past Project „WASTEtOH“

University of Applied Sciences Hochschule OWL

Lemgo Detmold Höxter

Faculty

Life Science Technologies

Institute

Institute of Food Technologie ILT.NRW

Interdisciplinary Research Center

Intelligent Energy Systems

FACTSHEET

n 41 study pathes

n 9 faculties

n 6.399 students

n 163 professors

n 444 employees

n 56 trainees

Bioethanol 1st Generation

Bioethanol 2nd Generation

Biogaspotentials

Cascades

HTC – Biochar

Waste- & residue material flow

I: BioAL-COAL

Project BioAL-COAL

„Extention of destilleries to Lignocellulose-Biorefineries through combination of

innovative conversion technologies“

Goal: Contribution to substitution of fossil fuels by the application of different

technologies of biomasse processing

Budget HS OWL: 430.000 €

Förderprogramm Ingenieur-Nachwuchs des BMBF (IN2013-425-052)

Duration: 01.07.2013 – 31.06.2016

Zusammenarbeit ILT.NRW und FG Abfallwirtschaft und Deponiewesen, Prof. Ramke,

Höxter

HTC-Reaktor Fachgebiet Abfallwirtschaft und

Deponietechnik (Pilotanlage in

Motivation

Enable agricultural destilleries to

process other and cheaper subtrates,

primary Lignocellulose

Low cost extension module, short ROI

Optimize process streams and use

synergies – biorefinery

1) total valorization of the input material

2) minimal energy consumption

Cascade processes

What is a biorefinery?

Biorefinery Roadmap:

Example of a lignocellulose

biorefinery

Status quo

Status quo – the model plant

Project objectives

Lignocellulose

Biogas

Substrate matrix

Short roi module technology

Agricultaral destillery and biogas plant

- Biogas

- Exhaust steam generator

- very good availability of data

Status Quo

Status Quo

Status Quo

But?

Conversion processes and experimental data

Original Idea

HTC Biochar

- Principle

Dehydratisation of Carbohydrates

C6H12O6 „C6H2O“ + 5 H2O - ∆ E

- Process parameter

- 180 - 240 °C, in water

- Pressure 15 - 55 bar

- for 4 to 16 h

HTC Biochar vs. Brown Coal

Priority: Ethanol?

Theoretical comparison of the 3 conversion processes

Input Process Produkt CE kJ/mol

Biomass

C6H12O6

3240

kJ/mol

Alcoholic

Fermentation

Ethanol 2 C2H5OH + 2 CO2 0,66 2760

Anaerobic

Fermentation

Biogas 3 CO2 + 3 CH4 0,50 2664

Hydrothermal

Carbonization

Biochar C6H2O + H2O 1,00 2135

Dual-Use continuos pressure reaktor for

Pre-& Posttreatment

Pretreatment (HTA)

at 140 – 160 °C

Pressure ~ 8 bar

30 min

Postreatment (HTC)

180 - 240 °C

Pressure 15 - 55 bar

4 to 16 h

Half-technical

Bioethanolproduction

at 40 liter scale

Mashing

Fermentaion

Destillation

automatically

Conversion parameters (example)

HTA –Pretreatment for increased biogas yield

Concept calculation

Szenario I

Szenario II

Szenario III

Problems

lack of steam

leads to smaler HTA (Pretreatment Unit)

leads to less lignocellulose bioethanol

add expensive wheat for reaching maximum capacitiy of

ethanol facility

lower biogas yield of substrates

Status Quo

Scenario 3.0

Scenario 3.1

What is necessary?

2 operators

„High capacity“ HTA/pretreatment modules

repowering of co-generation unit (1250 kWh el.)

Steam generator modified for biogas

Heat recycling unit (8 bar, 170°C, 802 kWh, 1.135 kg/h steam)

Pretreatment Units Volume Operating Hours

[Liter] [h/a]

EtOH-HTA 1.000 6.000

Biogas-HTA 1.000 6.000

HTC biochar 2.000 6.000

Before After

Energy Efficiency η = 45 % η > 70 %

P Co-Gen Unit elec. 590 kWh el. 1250 kWh el.

Input raw materials Wheat 2.517 Mg/a

Corn silage 9.000 Mg/a

Manure etc. 9.960 Mg/a

Wheat 1.744 Mg/a

Corn silage 8.000 Mg/a

Manure etc. 9.960 Mg/a

Straw 6.516 Mg/a

Vergleich

Betriebswirtschaftliche Betrachtung

[€/a]

-

Rohstoffe 1.058.058

Betriebskosten 222.450

Abschreibung 215.821

+

Ethanol 616709

Ökostrom 2.061.877

HTC Biokohle 149.021

Total 1.331.277

ROI ~ 2,5 a

Fazit

Signifikante Verbesserung des Wirkungsgrades

Erweiterung von Lignocellulose – Bioraffinerien durch HTC

Biokohle

Schlüsseltechnologie ist das „Pretreatment“ für Ethanol und

Biogas

gesteigerte Produktion von Ökostrom wirtschaftlich am

wichtigsten

schneller ROI

Signifikantes Potential für dezentrale,

mittelständische Bioraffinerien

Offene Fragen?

Substitution des Weizens bei der Ethanolherstellung durch

Maissilage

Nutzung der Biokohle für Dampferzeugung

Methan - Direkteinspeisung

Verwertung der Biokohle

II. Coming Project

Prof. Dr.-Ing.

Jan

Schneider

Timo

Broeker

M.Sc.

Linda

Oppermann

B.Sc.

Verena

Wolff

B.Sc.

Prof. Dr.-Ing.

Hans-Günter

Ramke

Dipl.-Ing.

Dennis

Blöhse

Prof. Dr.-Ing.

Klaus

Heikrodt

Marc

Hoffarth

M.Sc.

Vielen Dank für Ihre Aufmerksamkeit!

Contact:

Timo Broeker, M.Sc.

timo.broeker@hs-owl.de

Institute of Food Technologie ILT.NRW

Liebigstr. 87

32825 Lemgo