Dolly Ramos G

reasons for Learners’ Errors

Second Language Acquisition

3

Put a

attention!

I Buyed a good book yesterday

Researcher and teachers begun to undesrtand that L2 learning is: Creative process / constructive system/ conscoiusly

testing hypothesis / make sense of the TLg

Thru sources of knowledge (to provide order to ss Lg

system)

Target Lg

Lg in general

Life/ people

Native Lg

universe

Communicative Functions

Selinker in 1972

CONTRASTIVE ANALYSIS ERROR ANALYSIS compares languages to

determine potential errors and identify what needs to be learned and what does not.

A priori or strong view: will predict learning outcomes

A posterior or weak view: will help explain learning outcomes, especially errors.

A procedure for analyzing SLg data which begins with the errors that learners make and attempts to explain them.

Sought to predict and sees error primarily as a result of L1interference

1950s, Robert Lado, Selinker and Gass (1980s)

The best way to investigating L2 is by collecting evidence of learners Lg

Reasons for focusing on errors:1. They are notorious features 2. Use for teachers to what errors learners make3. Learners can learn/ discover from errors (self correction)

EA Corder (1981) suggested to deal with errors

Errors are learners attempt to come closer to the target language

Corder= four (4) stages of error

Productive errors are those which occur in the language learner's utterances.

Receptive or interpretive errors are those which result in the listener's misunderstanding of the speaker's intentions.

Certain forms which are acceptable in some situations are not acceptable in others.

For example, young women in their late teens and beyond do not like to be referred to as girls , in English, preferring the term women instead.

pragmatic errors.

I like take taxi but my friend said so not that we should be late for school.

If I heard from him I will let you know.

Since the harvest was good, was rain a lot last year.

The harvest was good last year, because plenty of rain.

GLOBAL ERROR LOCAL ERROR is one which involves

"the overall structure of a sentence"

is one which affects "a particular element." Richards, et al. (1985:123)

An error can vary in magnitudeIt can cover a phoneme, a morpheme, a word, a phrase, a

sentence, or even a paragraph

 omission of some required element addition of some unnecessary or

incorrect element selection of an incorrect element misordering of elements.

OMISSION ADDITION

pronunciation A part of speech  *A strange thing

happen to me yesterday

Elements

* I thinks and * The books is here

instead of I think and The book is here ,

Selection Ordering

Pronunciation Morphology Syntax Vocabulary

She is oldest than me

pronunciation fignisicant instead of

significant (Morphological)

He's get upping now word order

He's a dear to me friend,

T/ers should correct mistakes the second the are made.

Ss always prefer to be correction instantly .

Every activity has a time for correction (fluency and accuracy)

Which is better Self-/ peer/ teachers correction

When to correct , How to correct and who to correct.

Missing word Wrong word WW Omit Grammar gr Word order WO Interference I Spelling S Punctuation P Tense T Coherence coh

Thanks FOR YOUR ATTENTION QUIZ

NEXT WEEK

How is feedback provided 1. Orally 2. Written

Types of feedback Affective (kinesthetic) and Cognitive (linguistic)

1.Positive= I Like it /I understand2.Negative= I don’t like it / msn not clear (try

again)

3.Neutral= Waiting/ still processing (try again)