eran3.0 lte tdd prach planning and configuration guide

LTE TDD PRACH Planning andConfiguration Guide

Issue 3.0

Date 2012-03-28

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

Copyright © Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. 2012. All rights reserved.

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LTE TDD PRACH Planning and Configuration Guide About This Document

About This Document

Author

Prepared by Liang Hualin (employee ID: 00133500)

Date2011-12-15

Reviewed by Date

Reviewed by Date

Approved by Date

Change History

Date Issue Description Author

2011-12-15 V1.0 Completed the draft. Liang Hualin

2012-01-29 V1.1 Revised this document according to review comments. Liang Hualin


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LTE TDD PRACH Planning and Configuration Guide Contents

Contents

About This Document........................................................................ii

1 PRACH Parameter Planning............................................................11.1 Restrictions on Ncs Selection............................................................................................................................1

1.2 ZC Sequence Planning Principles......................................................................................................................3

1.3 Root Sequence Planning for High-Speed Cells.................................................................................................6

1.4 Root Sequence Planning for Medium- and Low-Speed Cells...........................................................................7

1.5 PRACH Planning Using the U-Net...................................................................................................................7

1.5.1 Creating a Project.....................................................................................................................................7

1.5.2 Starting PRACH Planning........................................................................................................................8

1.5.3 Setting Parameters....................................................................................................................................9

1.5.4 Checking the PRACH Planning Result..................................................................................................19

1.5.5 Submitting the PRACH Planning Result................................................................................................20

1.6 Manually Modifying PRACH Configurations.................................................................................................21

1.6.1 Modifying PRACH Configurations in the PRACH Parameter Display Tab Page.................................21

1.6.2 Exporting the PRACH Planning Result..................................................................................................21

1.6.3 Checking PRACH Configurations..........................................................................................................23

1.7 Configuring the eNodeB PRACH....................................................................................................................24

2 Summary.....................................................................................25

3 References......................................................................................................26


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LTE TDD PRACH Planning and Configuration Guide 1 PRACH Parameter Planning

1 PRACH Parameter Planning

In Long Term Evolution (LTE) systems, random access is important for initial UE access, handover implementation, connection reestablishment, and recovery of uplink time/frequency synchronization.

Compared with deterministic scheduling in the uplink and downlink, random access has the following characteristics:

UEs select preambles for network access at a random occasion.

The access result is random. Network access may fail. To resolve this problem, the random access control algorithm is used to improve the random access success rate.

Preambles with different Zadoff-Chu (ZC) sequences are orthogonal. Therefore, different ZC sequences configured for neighboring cells help prevent preamble collisions during random access. During PRACH parameter planning, ZC sequences must be planned to ensure that preambles with optimal detection performance are allocated to high-speed cells and that different preambles are allocated to neighboring cells.

1.1 Restrictions on Ncs SelectionNcs must be selected based on the following principles:

Preambles can be identified correctly.

eNodeB resources are used efficiently.

The relationship between Ncs, cell radius, and maximum delay spread is as follows:

MDRTDSpreambleCS TTTN _. (1)

Tpreamble_s indicates the sampling length of the ZC sequence. For preamble formats 0 to 3, Tpreamble_s equals to 800/839 milliseconds. For preamble format 4, Tpreamble_s equals to 133 /139 milliseconds.

MDT indicates the maximum multi-path delay spread. For Huawei LTE products, MDT equals to 5 milliseconds.

NOTE

MDT = 5 milliseconds is determined based on proposals and simulation tests.


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RTDT is the maximum return delay (RTD). The relationship between RTDT and the cell radius is as follows:

RTDT = 6.67 r milliseconds

where r indicates the cell radius in the unit of km.

If formula 1 is divided by Tpreamble_s on both sides, the following formula is obtained:

(2)

Ncs can be calculated if r and TMD is known.

If AdSchT is added on the right side of formula 2 ( AdSchT = 2 milliseconds), formula 3 is obtained:

)267.6(04875.1 MDCS TrN (3)

For low-speed cells, r equals to 10 km and MDT equals to 5 milliseconds. In this case, 03.77)2510*67.6(04875.1 CSN . According to Table 1-1, CSN configuration equals

to 11. Therefore, Ncs equals to 93.

The number of preambles that can be generated is calculated as follows:

CSNNum

839

, where indicates round-down of Num.

If 64 preambles need to be generated per cell, the number of ZC sequences is calculated as follows:

Numm

64

, where indicates round-up of m.

Table 1-1 Ncs for preamble formats 0 to 3

CSN Configuration

CSN Value

Unrestricted Set for Low-Speed Cells

Restricted Set for High-Speed Cells

0 0 15

1 13 18

2 15 22

3 18 26

4 22 32

5 26 38


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Ncs > 1.0425 x (6.67 r + TMD) for preamble format 4

Ncs > 1.04875 x (6.67 r + TMD) for preamble format 0 to 3


CSN Configuration

CSN Value

Unrestricted Set for Low-Speed Cells

Restricted Set for High-Speed Cells

6 32 46

7 38 55

8 46 68

9 59 82

10 76 100

11 93 128

12 119 158

13 167 202

14 279 237

15 419 -

NOTE

In high-speed cells, UEs move at a speed greater than 120 km/h. In most cases, coverage cells along expressway roads and high-speed railways are high-speed cells. In other scenarios, medium- and low-speed cells prevail.

In actual applications, an eNodeB delivers PRACH parameters, such as NcsConfig, HighSpeedFlag, and rootSequenceIndex, to UEs.

1.2 ZC Sequence Planning PrinciplesZC sequences must be allocated according to the following principles:

1. ZC sequence indexes must be allocated for high-speed cells in priority.

2. ZC sequence indexes can be reused when ZC sequence indexes are used up in an area to be planned. If the distance between two cells is greater than the associated threshold, both cells can use the same ZC sequence index. For details, see LTE eRAN3.1 FDD&TDD Root Sequence Index Automatic Planning Algorithm Specification.

Table 1-1 illustrates the mapping between logical root sequence numbers and physical root sequence numbers.

Table 1-1 Mapping between logical root sequence numbers and physical root sequence numbers

Logical Root Sequence Number

Physical Root Sequence Number u

(in Increasing Order of the Corresponding Logical Sequence Number)

0–23 129, 710, 140, 699, 120, 719, 210, 629, 168, 671, 84, 755, 105, 734, 93, 746, 70, 769, 60, 779, 2, 837, 1, 838


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24–29 56, 783, 112, 727, 148, 691

30–35 80, 759, 42, 797, 40, 799

36–41 35, 804, 73, 766, 146, 693

42–51 31, 808, 28, 811, 30, 809, 27, 812, 29, 810

52–63 24, 815, 48, 791, 68, 771, 74, 765, 178, 661, 136, 703

64–75 86, 753, 78, 761, 43, 796, 39, 800, 20, 819, 21, 818

76–89 95, 744, 202, 637, 190, 649, 181, 658, 137, 702, 125, 714, 151, 688

90–115 217, 622, 128, 711, 142, 697, 122, 717, 203, 636, 118, 721, 110, 729, 89, 750, 103, 736, 61, 778, 55, 784, 15, 824, 14, 825

116–135 12, 827, 23, 816, 34, 805, 37, 802, 46, 793, 207, 632, 179, 660, 145, 694, 130, 709, 223, 616

136–167 228, 611, 227, 612, 132, 707, 133, 706, 143, 696, 135, 704, 161, 678, 201, 638, 173, 666, 106, 733, 83, 756, 91, 748, 66, 773, 53, 786, 10, 829, 9, 830

168–203 7, 832, 8, 831, 16, 823, 47, 792, 64, 775, 57, 782, 104, 735, 101, 738, 108, 731, 208, 631, 184, 655, 197, 642, 191, 648, 121, 718, 141, 698, 149, 690, 216, 623, 218, 621

204–263 152, 687, 144, 695, 134, 705, 138, 701, 199, 640, 162, 677, 176, 663, 119, 720, 158, 681, 164, 675, 174, 665, 171, 668, 170, 669, 87, 752, 169, 670, 88, 751, 107, 732, 81, 758, 82, 757, 100, 739, 98, 741, 71, 768, 59, 780, 65, 774, 50, 789, 49, 790, 26, 813, 17, 822, 13, 826, 6, 833

264–327 5, 834, 33, 806, 51, 788, 75, 764, 99, 740, 96, 743, 97, 742, 166, 673, 172, 667, 175, 664, 187, 652, 163, 676, 185, 654, 200, 639, 114, 725, 189, 650, 115, 724, 194, 645, 195, 644, 192, 647, 182, 657, 157, 682, 156, 683, 211, 628, 154, 685, 123, 716, 139, 700, 212, 627, 153, 686, 213, 626, 215, 624, 150, 689

328–383 225, 614, 224, 615, 221, 618, 220, 619, 127, 712, 147, 692, 124, 715, 193, 646, 205, 634, 206, 633, 116, 723, 160, 679, 186, 653, 167, 672, 79, 760, 85, 754, 77, 762, 92, 747, 58, 781, 62, 777, 69, 770, 54, 785, 36, 803, 32, 807, 25, 814, 18, 821, 11, 828, 4, 835

384–455 3, 836, 19, 820, 22, 817, 41, 798, 38, 801, 44, 795, 52, 787, 45, 794, 63, 776, 67, 772, 72

767, 76, 763, 94, 745, 102, 737, 90, 749, 109, 730, 165, 674, 111, 728, 209, 630, 204, 635, 117, 722, 188, 651, 159, 680, 198, 641, 113, 726, 183, 656, 180, 659, 177, 662, 196, 643, 155, 684, 214, 625, 126, 713, 131, 708, 219, 620, 222, 617, 226, 613


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456–513 230, 609, 232, 607, 262, 577, 252, 587, 418, 421, 416, 423, 413, 426, 411, 428, 376, 463, 395, 444, 283, 556, 285, 554, 379, 460, 390, 449, 363, 476, 384, 455, 388, 451, 386, 453, 361, 478, 387, 452, 360, 479, 310, 529, 354, 485, 328, 511, 315, 524, 337, 502, 349, 490, 335, 504, 324, 515

514–561 323, 516, 320, 519, 334, 505, 359, 480, 295, 544, 385, 454, 292, 547, 291, 548, 381, 458, 399, 440, 380, 459, 397, 442, 369, 470, 377, 462, 410, 429, 407, 432, 281, 558, 414, 425, 247, 592, 277, 562, 271, 568, 272, 567, 264, 575, 259, 580

562–629 237, 602, 239, 600, 244, 595, 243, 596, 275, 564, 278, 561, 250, 589, 246, 593, 417, 422, 248, 591, 394, 445, 393, 446, 370, 469, 365, 474, 300, 539, 299, 540, 364, 475, 362, 477, 298, 541, 312, 527, 313, 526, 314, 525, 353, 486, 352, 487, 343, 496, 327, 512, 350, 489, 326, 513, 319, 520, 332, 507, 333, 506, 348, 491, 347, 492, 322, 517

630–659 330, 509, 338, 501, 341, 498, 340, 499, 342, 497, 301, 538, 366, 473, 401, 438, 371, 468, 408, 431, 375, 464, 249, 590, 269, 570, 238, 601, 234, 605

660–707 257, 582, 273, 566, 255, 584, 254, 585, 245, 594, 251, 588, 412, 427, 372, 467, 282, 557, 403, 436, 396, 443, 392, 447, 391, 448, 382, 457, 389, 450, 294, 545, 297, 542, 311, 528, 344, 495, 345, 494, 318, 521, 331, 508, 325, 514, 321, 518

708–729 346, 493, 339, 500, 351, 488, 306, 533, 289, 550, 400, 439, 378, 461, 374, 465, 415, 424, 270, 569, 241, 598

730–751 231, 608, 260, 579, 268, 571, 276, 563, 409, 430, 398, 441, 290, 549, 304, 535, 308, 531, 358, 481, 316, 523

752–765 293, 546, 288, 551, 284, 555, 368, 471, 253, 586, 256, 583, 263, 576

766–777 242, 597, 274, 565, 402, 437, 383, 456, 357, 482, 329, 510

778–789 317, 522, 307, 532, 286, 553, 287, 552, 266, 573, 261, 578

790–795 236, 603, 303, 536, 356, 483

796–803 355, 484, 405, 434, 404, 435, 406, 433

804–809 235, 604, 267, 572, 302, 537

810–815 309, 530, 265, 574, 233, 606

816–819 367, 472, 296, 543

820–837 336, 503, 305, 534, 373, 466, 280, 559, 279, 560, 419, 420, 240, 599, 258, 581, 229, 610


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1.3 Root Sequence Planning for High-Speed Cells

Root sequences for high-speed cells are planned as follows:

Step 1 Calculate the Ncs value range based on the cell radius r and the maximum delay spread.

Step 2 Select Ncs that is closest to the calculated minimum Ncs value according to Table 1-1. For example, if Ncs is greater than 217, Ncs equals to 237.

Step 3 Check whether the remaining ZC sequence indexes can generate 64 preambles. If the remaining ZC sequence indexes are sufficient, go to Step 4. If the indexes are insufficient, go to Step 5.

Step 4 Allocate the minimum logical root sequence number and the minimum Ncs to the cell.

Step 5 Reuse ZC sequence indexes and Ncs. For details, see LTE eRAN3.1 FDD&TDD Root Sequence Index Automatic Planning Algorithm Specification.

Calculation of Root Sequences for High-Speed Cells

The variable is the cyclic shift corresponding to a Doppler shift of magnitude and is given by

where is the smallest non-negative integer that fulfills . The parameters

for restricted sets of cyclic shifts depend on . For , the parameters are given by

For , the parameters are given by

For all other values of , there are no cyclic shifts in the restricted set.


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1.4 Root Sequence Planning for Medium- and Low-Speed Cells

For medium- and low-speed cells, each ZC sequence generates 839/Ncs preambles.

Step 1 Calculate the Ncs value range based on the cell radius r and the maximum delay spread.

Step 2 Select Ncs that is closest to the calculated minimum Ncs value according to Table 1-1. For example, for Ncs > 217, Ncs can be 279 or 419.

NOTE

If CSN > 419 for low-speed cells, set Ncs to 0.

Step 3 Check whether the remaining ZC sequence indexes can generate 64 preambles. If the remaining ZC sequence indexes are sufficient, go to Step 4. If the indexes are insufficient, go to Step 5.

NOTE

ZC sequences allocated to a low-speed cell must be consecutive. If consecutive ZC sequences are insufficient to generate 64 preambles, no ZC sequences are allocated and additional preamble sequences are obtained from the root sequences until all the 64 sequences are found.

Step 4 Allocate the minimum logical root sequence number and the minimum Ncs to the cell.

Step 5 Reuse ZC sequence indexes and Ncs. For details, see LTE eRAN3.1 FDD&TDD Root Sequence Index Automatic Planning Algorithm Specification.

1.5 PRACH Planning Using the U-NetThis section describes how to plan PRACH parameters using the U-Net.

1.5.1 Creating a ProjectOn the U-Net, a project is created in the following steps:

Step 1 On the U-Net, click at the upper left corner.

The Project Templates dialog box is displayed, as shown in Figure 1-1.

Step 2 In the displayed dialog box, select LTE-TDD, and click OK to start automatic PRACH planning, as shown in Figure 1-1.


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Figure 1-1 Selecting LTE-TDD

Step 3 Import project data using the engineering parameter table.

Figure 1-1 Importing project data

1.5.2 Starting PRACH PlanningIn the Project Explorer navigation tree, right-click PRACH Parameter Planning under Operation, and select Automatic Allocation from the shortcut menu to start automatic PRACH planning.


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Figure 1-1 Starting automatic PRACH planning

1.5.3 Setting ParametersIn the LTE PRACH Planning dialog box, set PRACH parameters, as shown in Figure 1-1.


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Figure 1-1 Setting PRACH parameters

The parameters in the LTE PRACH Planning dialog box are described as follows:

Calculate Cell Radius: Specifies how to determine the cell radius. If this check box is selected, Propagation Radius and Coverage Radius option buttons can be selected. The cell radius determines the Ncs during PRACH planning.

Propagation Radius: Indicates that the propagation radius functions as the radius when the Ncs is calculated.

Propagation Radius Factor: When the Propagation Radius option button is selected, the cell radius used to calculate the Ncs is equal to this factor multiplied by the main calculation radius.

Coverage Radius: Indicates that the coverage cell is used as the cell radius in Ncs calculation.

Min Signal Level(dBm): The minimum RSRP threshold at the cell edge is considered when the coverage radius is used to calculate the cell radius.


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Shadowing taken into account: Specifies whether shadow fading is considered during PRACH planning.

Cell Edge Coverage Probability: Specifies the expected cell edge coverage ratio when shadow fading is considered. The default value is 75%.

Indoor Coverage: Specifies whether indoor coverage is considered during PRACH planning.

Area: Enables you to select the areas to be planned. By default, all cells in a network are to be planned. It is commonly used when there are multiple polygons on the GUI of the simulation platform.

Cell Filter: Filters out the cells that do not need to be planned when the areas or the entire network to be planned are selected. After this button is clicked, a Cell Select dialog box is displayed, as shown in Figure 1-2. In this dialog box, you can deselect the corresponding item of a cell that you want to filter out during PRACH planning.

Figure 1-2 Cell Select dialog box

There are three methods to determine the cell radius:

Method 1: using the propagation model

When the Propagation Radius option box is selected, the U-Net uses the main calculation radius as the cell radius. By default, the main calculation radius is 4000 m. It can be changed in the NE parameter table, for example, to 40000 m or 98000 m, as shown in Figure 1-4.


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Figure 1-3 Selecting the Propagation Radius option box


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Figure 1-4 Changing the main calculation radius

Method 2: using the predicted coverage radius

1. The U-Net calculates the coverage radius of each sector based on the imported map and engineering parameters.

2. The U-Net calculates the Ncs.

If Min Signal Level(dBm) is specified, the U-Net calculates the coverage radius of each sector based on this parameter setting, as shown in Figure 1-1.


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Figure 1-1 Selecting the Coverage Radius option button


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Figure 1-2 Performing PRACH planning

Method 3: User-defined cell radius

The cell radius can be manually specified in the following methods:

Obtain the cell radius from the simulation test result. The U-Net will automatically use this cell radius during automatic PRACH planning.

Manually input the radius of each sector.

1. In the Project Explorer navigation tree, click , right-click Transceiver, and choose Cells > Open Table from the shortcut menu.


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Figure 1-1 Choosing Cells > Open Table

2. In the displayed table, change the radius of each sector in the Radius(m) column.

NOTE

The radius in the Radius column is in the unit of meters, and the default radius is 0 m on the U-Net.


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Figure 1-1 Changing the cell radius

3. In the Project Explorer navigation tree, click , right-click LTE PRACH Planning, and choose Automatic Allocation from the shortcut menu, as shown in Figure 1-1.

The LTE PRACH Planning dialog box is displayed, as shown in Figure 1-1.

Figure 1-1 Choosing Automatic Allocation


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4. In the displayed dialog box, perform the following operations:

In the Root Sequence Index area, specify the range of the root sequence index for high-, medium-, and low-speed cells.

− Deselect the Calculate Cell Radius check box.

Figure 1-1 Deselecting the Calculate Cell Radius check box

5. Click Run.

The planning result is shown in Figure 1-1.


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Figure 1-1 PRACH planning result

1.5.4 Checking the PRACH Planning ResultIf automatic PRACH planning is complete, the planning result is displayed in the PRACH Parameter Display tab page at the lower part of the U-Net, as shown in Figure 1-1.

Figure 1-1 PRACH Parameter Display

Table 1-1 describes the meanings of each column in the planning result.


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Table 1-1 Meanings of each column in the planning result

Column Name Description

Cell Name Name of a cell

High Speed Identifier of a high-speed cell

Ncs Parameter determining zero correlation between ZC sequences

Cell Radius Radius of a cell

Start Root Sequence Index Start index to a ZC sequence

End Root Sequence Index End index to a ZC sequence

Reuse Tier Reuse tier of the same preamble

Reuse Distance Reuse distance of the same preamble

1.5.5 Submitting the PRACH Planning ResultIn the PRACH Parameter Display tab page, right-click any area and choose Commit from the shortcut menu to submit the planning result, as shown in Figure 1-1.

Figure 1-1 Submitting the PRACH planning result


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1.6 Manually Modifying PRACH Configurations

1.6.1 Modifying PRACH Configurations in the PRACH Parameter Display Tab Page

1. In the Project Explorer navigation tree, click , right-click PRACH Parameter Planning, and choose Open PRACH Parameter from the shortcut menu to open the PRACH Parameter Display tab page, as shown in Figure 1-1.

Figure 1-1 Opening the PRACH Parameter Display tab page

2. In the displayed tab page, adjust the PRACH planning result as required.

1.6.2 Exporting the PRACH Planning Result1. In the PRACH Parameter Display tab page, right-click any area and choose Export

from the shortcut menu, as shown in Figure 1-1.

The Data Export dialog box is displayed, as shown in Figure 1-1.


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Figure 1-1 Choosing Export from the shortcut menu

2. In the displayed dialog box, select the fields to be exported and click Export.

Figure 1-1 Exporting the planning result

The elements in the Data Export dialog box are described as follows:

− Configuration File: Used to load and save an export template. You can save the current export configurations as an export template, and then you can load the saved template in the subsequent operations.

− Save: Used to save the current export configurations as an export template.

− Load: Used to load a user-defined export template.


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− Header: Specifies whether the exported planning result contains the name of each field.

− Field Separator: Specifies the separator between fields.

− Available Fields and Exported Fields: Specify the valid fields to be exported and the exported fields

− : Used to add a valid field to the Exported Fields area.

− : Used to remove a field from the Exported Fields area.

− and : Used to adjust the sequence of fields in the Exported Fields area.

− Preview: Used to preview the exported fields and export format.

− Export: Used to export the planning result by clicking this button.

− Cancel: Used to cancel the export of the planning result.

1.6.3 Checking PRACH Configurations

In the Project Explorer navigation tree, click , right-click PRACH Parameter Planning, and choose Open PRACH Parameter from the shortcut menu, as shown in Figure 1-1 and Figure 1-2.

Figure 1-1 Checking PRACH configurations

In the PRACH Parameter Display dialog box, view the reuse distance and reuse tiers of the same preamble.


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Figure 1-2 Checking the PRACH planning result

1.7 Configuring the eNodeB PRACHYou can run the MOD CELL command to configure the PRACH.

Example:

MOD CELL: LocalCellId=0, CellName="eNB2-cell0", SectorId=0, CsgInd=BOOLEAN_FALSE, UlCyclicPrefix=NORMAL_CP, DlCyclicPrefix=NORMAL_CP, FreqBand=40, UlEarfcnCfgInd=NOT_CFG, UlEarfcn=56800, DlEarfcn=38800, UlBandWidth=CELL_BW_N100, DlBandWidth=CELL_BW_N100, CellId=0, PhyCellId=46, AdditionalSpectrumEmission=1, FddTddInd=CELL_TDD, SubframeAssignment=SA2, SpecialSubframePatterns=SSP7, CellSpecificOffset=dB0, QoffsetFreq=dB0, RootSequenceIdx=46, HighSpeedFlag=LOW_SPEED, PreambleFmt=0, CellRadius=10000, CustomizedBandWidthCfgInd=NOT_CFG, CustomizedULBandWidth=98, CustomizedDLBandWidth=98;

You can check whether the PRACH planning result is correct based on the reuse distance and reuse tier. If the number of reuse tiers is small, the reuse tier is marked in red in the planning result.


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LTE TDD PRACH Planning and Configuration Guide 1 Summary

2 Summary

This document provides PRACH planning principles, notes, RACH parameter planning for frontline engineers.

This document provides the following contents:

Ncs restrictions

ZC sequence planning principles

Root sequence planning for high- and low-speed cells

PRACH planning using the U-Net


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LTE TDD PRACH Planning and Configuration Guide 1 References

3 References

3GPP TS 36.211 V9.1.0 (2010-03)

3GPP TS 36.331 V9.3.0 (2010-06)

LTE eRAN3.1 FDD&TDD Root Sequence Index Automatic Planning Algorithm Specification


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eran3.0 lte tdd prach planning and configuration guide

Documents

prach planning result

starting prach planning

enodeb prach

checking prach configurations

access result

huawei trademarks

root sequence planning

network access