era of good feelings: 1815-1825
TRANSCRIPT
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Era of Good Feelings: 1815-
1825
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After the War of 1812
Americans finally have
international respect
The Republicans are the
only political party
James Monroe, the third
member of the Virginia
Dynasty, is president
A time of economic
prosperity
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Shift in Republican Ideology:
Federalism without Elitism Industrialism, not
farming as future of
America
Broad, or loose,
construction of the
Constitution
Nationalism, not
states’ rights
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Election of 1816
Federalist candidate: Rufus King (N.Y.)
Republican candidate: James Monroe (V.A.)
Monroe wins 183 to 34; Daniel D. Tompkins is V.P
Last election with a Federalist candidate
James Monroe
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Laws of 1816 1. Tariff of 1816- to protect new American
industry developed as a result of the Embargo of 1807 and the War of 1812
2. Bank of U.S. re-chartered (had expired in 1811)
3. Military Expansion – (West Point Academy)to avoid mistreatment by foreign nations
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Era of Good Feelings
Refers to lack of political parties
Coined by James Monroe as he toured
the country, it is misleading
New political factions were forming
Sectionalism was beginning to heat up
between the North and the South
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First Wave of Industrialization
Samuel Slater-
emigrated from
England and had
memorized plans for
machinery
Founder of Cotton
Textile Industry in
America: Pawtucket,
Rhode Island, 1793
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Working in a Mill
Workers were from 7 to 12
Farmers distrusted factory work and thought it shameful – real men work outside with the land
Few families could survive without children’s income
Slater Mill
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Eli Whitney: More than just Cotton
He created the technique for interchangeable parts
The muskets his workmen made by methods comparable to those of modern mass industrial production were the first to have standardized, interchangeable parts.
Cotton Gin, 1793
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Mills in the North: 1800-1820
The vast majority
of Americans still
farmed, but a
small percentage
began to fill the
new factories
developing in the
North
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Powered by water, these
factories depended on women
and children. Single women left
home to either gain
independence or help their
family financially.
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Transportation Revolution: Part One
As the West opened
up it became essential
for transportation to
improve in order for
the North to sell to the
West and for the West
to get their raw
products to market.
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By Water
One of the U.S.’s best
natural transportation
resources was its rivers
and lakes
The development of both
the steamboat and the
canal would make this
an even more efficient
travel option
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The Steamboat Flatboats were the main vessel utilized by farmers and merchants along the Mississippi. Problem: They only float down river!
Solution: The steamboat,invented by Robert Fulton in 1807, with its engine could also travel upstream!
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Erie Canal, 1825
When it opened in 1825, the
Erie Canal was a marvel of
engineering and human labor.
From Albany to Buffalo, it
opened up the American
frontier and made westward
expansion inevitable.
It turned New York Harbor
into the nation's number one
port. It shaped social and
economic development. Cities
and industries developed
along the canal and
flourished.
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How Locks Work
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National (Cumberland) Road
First highway built entirely with federal funds
Authorized by Jefferson in 1806
By 1818 the road stretched from Maryland to Ohio
In the 1830s construction ceased due to lack of funding
The road fell into disrepair
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National Road
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Henry Clay’s American System
A national bank
The protective tariff
National program of internal
improvements to bind the country
together and build the economy
The tariff and bank would provide funds
for these improvements
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American System
New England and
New York were
against internal
improvements
South and Southwest
were against the
protective tariff
Sectionalism was
becoming entrenched
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Missouri Compromise 1820
1818- Missouri petitions to be admitted as
a slave state
Would upset balance of 11 free and 11
slave states
Tallmadge Amendment-
Compromise
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John Marshall
Was a loose constructionist who was a
strong Federalist (Hamiltonian) that
believed in implied powers
Dartmouth College v. Woodward(1819)-
McCulloch v. Maryland (1819)-
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“Let the end be
legitimate, let it be
within the scope of the
constitution, and all
means which are
appropriate, which are
plainly adapted to that
end, which are not
prohibited, but
consistent with the letter
and spirit of the
constitution, are
constitutional.”
John Marshall
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Foreign Policy
Adams-Onis Treaty of 1819
Monroe Doctrine
1821- America recognizes independence of
Spain’s Latin America colonies
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Hudson River Art School
The Creation of American
Culture
A group of painters led by Thomas Cole who painted images of America’s
wilderness in the Hudson River Valley (N.Y.) and in the newly opened West.
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Noah Webster
1828-Webster’s dictionary contained 70,000 words
He wrote his dictionary to have a uniform American, not British, language since different parts of the country used different spellings
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Education Most children who received education did so with private tutors in the home
Massachusetts leads way in public financing for education: Boston’s English Classical School (1821) was the first public high school in the country
Concept of training teachers just beginning
book
1820
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Status of Women Women will gain some standing legally
Serve on committees in churches
Higher education available
Divorce is allowed, but difficult
Single women can own property, enter into
contracts, file law suites and pay taxes
CANNOT serve on juries, vote or practice law
(New Jersey changed law in 1807)
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Federal Architecture 1780-1820
Found mainly in the
East in homes owned
by the wealthy (or in
public buildings) the
architecture was
inspired by ancient
Roman architecture,
the first republic!