Epics and Epic Heroes

JournalWhat makes a hero? What are four qualities a

hero must possess?

What is an epic?A long narrative (story) in poem form.

An epic has a hero.The epic is the story of the hero’s travels and his deeds, or actions, regarding obstacles and monsters.

Characteristics of an epicBegins in medias res (Latin for “it begins in

the middle of things”), then flashes back to explain action leading up to that point

Begins with an invocation or prayer to a god or gods

Begins with a statement of themeContains many epithetsContains long, formal speeches by many

characters

More about epicsEpics were originally sung, often

accompanied by a harp.Epics contain information about the

culture that created them: religion, dress, homes, weapons and war, roles of men and women, values and moral standards.

Epics contain clues to what the people who created them feared or did not understand: natural disasters, death, heavens, storms, etc.

Traits of an epic heroHas larger than life qualities, possibly

supernatural powersIs a natural leader (of men)Is appealing to the opposite sex but rarely

has an extended relationshipDefeats monsters (bad guys) and/or fights

godsHas “good” on his or her sideOften stands alone in battle

Traits of an epic heroIs smarter than everyone else, generally a

problem solver. Odysseus tricks the Trojans by hiding inside a

“gift horse” and surprising them.Has weakness that often destroys him or herMakes long journeys, always on the move,

travels to find adventureA skilled fighter

Hero cycleHero is usually male, often of lowly birth, but

may secretly have special powers or a high birthright he is unaware of.

The hero’s parents are often dead, absent, or uncaring. A hero usually can’t begin a journey to become a man if his father figure is still present.

A hero is judged by a nobility of purpose, the things he does, and he must be willing to risk his life for his ideals.

Hero cycleThe call to adventureRefusal of the callSupernatural aidCrossing the threshold into the unknown

“The hero is swallowed into the unknown and would appear to have died.” – Joseph Campbell

Hero cycleInitiation

1) Trials (dragons slain, barriers crossed, etc)2) Meeting with the goddess (or any strong female force)3) Woman as temptress (metaphor for physical/material temptations)

Atonement – “at-one-ment” – with “father” (biological or strong male presence or just anything with incredible power)

Hero cycleRebirth – all previous steps have prepared

and purified the hero.Return – He may have to be pulled back into

society because the hero is having too much fun.

Master of two worlds – powerful in insight, free in action