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EPA/NOAA/NASA Air Quality & Climate Change:

Research & Applications————

Sept. 14-16, 2004

Sun-Earth Systems

Phil DeCola, NASA Research-Atmospheric CompositionLawrence Friedl, NASA Applied Sciences-Air Quality

September 2004 EPA-NOAA-NASA AQ & CC Meetingj

Sun-Earth Science Research Areas

Atmospheric Composition - provide direct observations of trace constituents and aerosols with previously unmatched vertical and temporal resolution and use in global models.

Climate Variability - provide improved characterization of direct aerosol forcing of climate & indirect forcing due to aerosol impacts on cloud properties.

Weather Research - provide improved knowledge of how atmospheric composition affects cloud formation, and also how zone observations can be used to improve weather forecasts

Ecosystems & Carbon Cycle

Water & Energy Cycle

Solid Earth Science


CirculationSurface WindsPrecipitation

Reflection and TransmissionSurface Temperature

EvaporationCurrents

Upwelling

CirculationSurface WindsPrecipitation

Reflection and TransmissionSurface Temperature

EvaporationCurrents

Upwelling

InfiltrationRunoff

Nutrient LoadingSurface Temperature

Currents

InfiltrationRunoff

Nutrient LoadingSurface Temperature

Currents

Surface WindsPrecipitation

Reflection and TransmissionEvaporation

TranspirationSurface Temperature

Surface WindsPrecipitation

Reflection and TransmissionEvaporation

TranspirationSurface Temperature

Land

Ocean

Atmosphere

Studying Earth as a Complex System

Spaceborne Earth Observation Systems

Terra

Aqua

Grace

QuikScatSage

SeaWindsTRMM

Toms-EP

UARS

Landsat 7

SORCE

ACRIMSAT

EO-1

TOPEX/Poseidon

SeaWiFS

ERBS

Jason


Research Priorities

Atmospheric Composition• Aura • CloudSat/CALIPSO • Temporal & Spatial observations (MEO, GEO, L1/L2)• INTEX

Climate Change• CCSP priorities: Synthesis and assessment reports• IPCC


NASA Applications: Notional Approach

Agencies with Decision Support toolsNASA and Research Partners

Data

Earth Science Models

Land Oceans Atmosphere Coupled

Earth Observatories

SatelliteAirborneIn Situ

Decision Support Tools

AssessmentsDecision-Support SystemsScenario Analysis

“Integrated System Solutions”


Ecological Forecasting

AgriculturalEfficiency

Air Quality

Invasive Species

Aviation

Energy Management

CarbonManagement

Public Health WaterManagement

Homeland Security

Disaster Management

Coastal Management

Applications of National Priority


AgriculturalEfficiency

Air Quality

Invasive SpeciesHomeland Security

Disaster Management

Coastal Management

Applications of National Priority

Application Program Activities

- Evaluate potential for NASA Earth science products; determine partner interest

- Develop prototype products with partners; verify and validate ability or integration of Earth science products

- Document performance

- Support transition of products or techniques


Air Quality Management

FY05+

- Increase focus on application of physical atmosphere and land-cover characteristics (obs. & model products)

- Aura data products

- Explore opportunities with: - WRF - Aerosols in CMAQ- O3 in forecasts- WRAP fire inventory

- Complete transition of PM data fusion technique

AQ Program Activities

- Forecasting - Planning- Compliance- Emission Inventory

Budget: ~$2.0 M (full cost)

FY03/04- Successful prototype of data fusion

technique for MODIS PM to support forecasting (NOAA, EPA, CIMSS). Transition in work.

- Work on O3 assimilations (EP-TOMS, GOES) for CMAQ boundary conditions


Project Solicitation

Decision Support through Earth Science Results

Announcement: research.hq.nasa.gov/code_y/open.cfm

Solicitation Released Sept. 17th

Step 1 (Pre-Proposal) due Oct. 22nd

Step 2 (Final) Proposal due Dec. 17th

Proposals invited in two areas:-- Projects to integrate Earth science results into applications of national

priority, demonstrate prototypes, document performance. Integrate through existing/developing decision support tools.

-- Projects to improve ability of Earth science organizations to identify and harness results of Earth science research. Primarily a “network-development” type of activity.


Workshop Objectives

Research-- Integrated requirements for research and decision support

Applications-- Identify interagency priorities on air quality applications (use of satellite

observations and model outputs)-- support near & long-term program planning and budgeting efforts-- guide selection of projects received through “Decisions” solicitation

-- Project ideas for increasing role of satellite obs./model products of physical atmosphere characteristics and land-cover

-- Issues and problems associated with access, use, etc. of observations-- Opportunities to engage more non-Federal organizations and air quality

decision tools/processes

Combined priorities to present to the respective agencies, the community, and CENR AQRS


Backup Slides


Data

DECISION SUPPORT TOOLS VALUE & BENEFITSEARTH SYSTEM MODELS

EARTH OBSERVATIONS

Air QualityIntegrated System Solution

Observations

Predictions

• Aerosol Transport: GOCART• Global-Regional Assimiliations:

RAQMS• Atmopsheric Chemistry: GEOS-

CHEM• Emissions: SMOKE• Meteorology: MM5• Air Trajectories: NOAA-Hysplit4

• Aerosols: Terra, Aqua, TOMS, Aura, Aeronet, AIRNow, INTEX, CALIPSO, Glory

• Ozone & Precursors: TOMS, Aura, SAGE III, AIRNow, INTEX

• Trace Gases: Terra, Aqua, OCO• Clouds: Terra, Aqua, CloudSAT,

Calipso• Land Use/Cover: Terra, Aqua,

Landsat• Atmospheric Parameters: GOES,

POES, GIFTS, NPP, NPOESS

• Atmospheric state parameters

• Global-to-regional concentrations

• Emissions inventories• Regional-Global

transport• Trace Gas Sources• Aerosol properties• Ozone profiles &

columns• Global-regional

boundary conditions• Data fusion techniques• Ground-satellite data

comparison techniques

CMAQ (Community Mulit-Scale Air Quality modeling system)

AIRNow & AQI (Air Quality Index)

• Assess emissions control strategies

• Develop achievable SIPs(State Implementation Plan)

• Waivers to air standards

• Forecast transport of dust/pollutants

• PM2.5 forecasts

• Reduce lung-related diseases & premature death

• Reduce hospital admissions & use of medicines

• Reduce lost workdays and schooldays

• Improve visibility and reduce haze for tourism

• Improve resiliency of crops; increase yields

• Increase confidence in government

• Improve crop estimates

• Sensitive populations can change activities

International Treaties

WRF &

Air Quality Forecasts

Emissions Inventories


Mosaic Energy, water fluxesCENTURY Land change/carbonVolQuake Seismicity

HSPF Nutrient transportANIMO Soil nitrogen cyclePRMS Precipitation run-off

MAESTRO Canopy biomass

Catchment LSMSoil Moisture

Transport

LANDGTEC

Terrestrial Ecosystem Carbon Atmosphere

CAM/CCM Global climateGISS GCM Climate change

BEIS Biogenic emissionsMSISE Density, temperature

VAFTAD Volcanic ashPRECIS Regional climate

ATMOSPHERE

MM5Mesoscale

Meteorology

Aries/GEOSAtmos. GCM

ROMS Regional circulationMOM3 Multi-scale oceanCSIM4 Sea-iceNWW3 Global/regional waves

BOM Coastal & shelf seasGOTM Turbulence & mixing

OCEANS/ICE

Poseidon, HYCOMOcean GCM

LOIS Land-OceanHadCM3 Ocean-Atmosphere

COLA Atmosphere-Land/BiosphereZEUS, CCSM Land-Ocean-Ice-Atmosphere

COUPMODEL Soil-Plant-Atmosphere

COUPLED MODELS

AOMAtmosphere-Ocean

Integrating Earth System Models

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