enzymes metabolism reactions in your body what are enzymes? protein catalyst act on substrates...
TRANSCRIPT
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Enzymes
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Metabolism
• Reactions in your body
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What are Enzymes?
• Protein catalyst • Act on substrates
(reactants) • End in ASE
– Ex. Lactase digest lactose • HOW?
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Lower “Activation Energy”
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Enzymes
FreeEnergy
Progress of the reaction
Reactants
Products
Free energy of activation
Without EnzymeWith Enzyme
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Enzyme Substrate Complex
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Enzyme Substrate Complex
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Enzymes are Specific!
• Active Site• Induced Fit
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Enzymes can be REUSED
• Product is release
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E1 E2 E3 E4 E5 E6 A B C D E F G
A product can be used as a substrate for another enzyme
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Factors Effecting Enzymatic Speed
• Temperature • pH• Substrate concentration • Enzyme Concentration
WILL DISCUSS these 2 WHEN WE GET BACK (IN OUR LAB)
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Temperature• Enzymes are PROTEIN • Heat too high they can
denature
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pH
• Enzymes work best at an ‘optimal’ pH
• Proteins can denature
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Substrate Concentration
• The more substrate the more reaction
• Once all of the enzymes are being used the reaction cannot increase
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Enzyme Concentration
• Control by phosphorylation
• Activate Add Phosphate (energy from ATP)
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Enzyme Inhibition • Noncompetitive• Competitive
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Feedback Inhibition
• Activity of enzyme can be regulated by its end product
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Enzyme Cofactors
Help enzymes function
– Inorganic • Copper, Zinc, Iron
– Organic- Coenzymes • Vitamins
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Pellagra
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Scurvy