Presented by,

Mrs.Bhargavi.G,

Ramanagara.

•Enzymes play an important role in Digestion, Breweries, Diagnosis and

Therapeutics.

•Digestive enzymes-Pepsin in stomach, trypsin in intestine etc,.

•Fermented foods and alcoholic drinks are produced with the help of enzymes.

•Level of enzyme in blood are of diagnostic importance e.g. it is a good indicator

in disease such as myocardial infarction (creatinine kinase, lactate

dehydrogenase).

•Enzyme can be used therapeutically such as digestive enzymes(lactase).

Enzymes can be defined as catalysts of biological systems or simply “Biocatalysts”

A substance that increases the rate of a chemical reaction without itself

undergoing any permanent chemical change.

“Silver make plastic production environment friendly"

•Enzymes are proteins except few RNA.

•They increase the rate of reaction by lowering the energy of activation(Fasten a reaction).

•They catalyze nearly all the chemical reactions taking place in the cells of the body.

•Not altered or consumed during reaction.

•Reusable.

•“digestion of food in stomach by pepsin”

Enzymes

Lower a

Reaction’s

Activation

Energy

•17 th and 18th century-digestion of meat in stomach,.

•Anselme Payen(1833)- first discovered ‘diastase’.

•Louis pasteur – ‘ferments’.

•In 1877, Kuhne first used the name ‘enzyme’.

•“Enzymes can work outside the cell” by Eduard Buchner- Yeast Zymase

•“Enzymes are Proteins”-concluded by Northorp and Stanley(1930)-

digestive enzymes

Why they are produced-

1.Constitutive. &

2.Inducible.

Where they are produced-

1.intracellular. &

2.Extracellular.

3.What reactions they

work on-

Major 6-classes of enzymes.

•The name of an enzyme in many cases end in –ase

For example, sucrase catalyzes the hydrolysis of sucrose

•The name describes the function of the enzyme

For example, oxidases catalyze oxidation reactions

•Sometimes common names are used, particularly for the digestion

enzymes such as pepsin and trypsin

•Some names describe both the substrate and the function

For example, alcohol dehydrogenase oxides ethanol.

•Enzymes Are Classified into six functional Classes (EC number

Classification) by the International Union of Biochemists (I.U.B.)

since,1964.

on the Basis of the Types of Reactions That They Catalyze:

‘OTHLIL’.

EC 1. Oxidoreductases

EC 2. TransferasesEC 3. HydrolasesEC 4. LyasesEC 5. IsomerasesEC 6. Ligases