ECOLOGY

ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

BIOSPHERE

Combined portions of Earth in which all living things exist

LEVELS OF ORGANIZATION

INDIVIDUAL ORGANISMS

POPULATIONS

COMMUNITIES

ECOSYSTEMS

BIOMES

FOOD CHAINS

FOOD WEBS

TROPHIC LEVELS

BIOMASS PYRAMID

NITROGEN CYCLE

HABITAT VS. NICHE

BIOTIC VS. ABIOTIC FACTORS

COMPETITIVE EXCLUSION PRINCIPLE

SPECIES INTERACTIONS

***Predation

***Symbiosis

***Mutualism

***Commensalism

***Parasitism

PREDATION SYMBIOSIS

MUTUALISMCOMMENSALISM PARASITIS

M

HUMMINGBIRD/FLOWER SEA ANEMONE /CRAB WASP LARVAE/HORNWORM

PRIMARY SUCCESSION

SECONDARY SUCCESSION

OCEAN PHOTIC AND APHOTIC ZONES

***BENTHOS***

POPULATION DENSITY

***CARRYING CAPACITY***

DENSITY INDEPENDENT DENSITY DEPENDENT

LIMITING FACTORS AFFECTING POPULATION

DROUGHTCLIMATE EXTREMESHUMAN IDSTURBANCE

COMPETITIONPARASITISMDISEASE

RENEWABLE VS. NON-RENEWABLE RESOURCES

SUSTAINABLE USE:

Use of natural resources at a rate which does not deplete them

BIODIVERSITY The sum total of the variety of organisms in the biosphere

HABITAT FRAGMENTATION Splitting of ecosystems

INVASIVE SPECIES

BIOLOGICAL MAGNIFICATION

OZONE LAYER