ENVIRONMENT AND ECOLOGY

PROVISIONS OF ENVIRONMENTAL LAWS AND ENVIRONMENTAL ETHICS

PREPARED BYSUBHAM DHAR

B.V.M ENGINEERING COLLEGE(ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING)

Environmental law 

 Collective term describing international treaties (conventions), statutes, regulations, and common law or national legislation (where applicable) that operates to regulate the interaction of humanity and the natural environment, toward the purpose of reducing the impacts of human activity.

ENVIRONMENTAL ACTS &

REGULATIONS

LET’S JOIN OUR HANDS TO PROTECT OUR ENVIRONMENT

Environmental Act’s

Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act

Biological Diversity Act Environment

(Protection) Act Forest Conservation

Act Protection of Plant

Varieties and Farmers' Rights Act

Public Liability Insurance Act

Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution)

Noise Pollution Act

THE AIR (PREVENTION AND CONTROL OF POLLUTION) ACT, 1981

An Act to provide for the prevention, control and abatement of air pollution, for the establishment, with a view to carrying out the aforesaid purposes, of Boards, for conferring on and assigning to such Boards powers and functions relating thereto and for matters connected therewith.

whereas decisions were taken at the United Nations Conference on the Hum an Environment held in Stockholm in June, 1972, in which India participated, to take appropriate steps for the preservation of the natural resources of the earth which, among other things, include the preservation of the quality of air and control of air pollution; & it is considered necessary to implement the decisions aforesaid in so far as they relate to the preservation of the quality of air and control of air pollution

PRELIMINARY

Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981

History

Decisions were taken at the United Nations Conference on the Human Environment held in Stockholm in June, 1972, in which India participated, to take appropriate steps for the preservation of the natural resources of the earth which, among other things, include the preservation of the quality of air and control of air pollution

Objective & Scope

An Act to provide for the prevention, control and abatement of air pollution, for the establishment, with a view to carrying out the aforesaid purposes, of Boards, for conferring on and assigning to such Boards powers and functions relating thereto and for matters connected therewith.

 It extends to the whole of India.It shall come into force on such date as the

Central Government may, by notification in the Official Gazette, appoint.

ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION ACT, 1986

In the wake of the Bhopal Tragedy, the Government of India enacted the Environment Protection Act of 1986 under Article 253 of the Constitution. The purpose of the Act is to implement the decisions of the United Nations Conference on the Human Environment of 1972, in so far as they relate to the protection and improvement of the human environment t and the prevention of hazards to human beings, other living creatures, plants and property. The Act is an “umbrella” legislation designed to provide a framework for central government coordination of the activities of various central and state authorities established under previous laws, such as the Water Act and the Air Act.

Objectives of the Act

To co-ordinate the activities of the various regulatory agencies already in existence.

Creation of an authority or authorities with adequate powers for environmental protection.

Regulation of discharge of environmental pollutants and handling of hazardous substance.

Speedy response in the event of accidents threatening environmental and deterrents punishment to those who endanger human environment, safety and health.

The Environment (Protection) Act, 1986

PRELIMINARY

Object & Scope

An Act to provide for the protection and improvement of environment and for matters connected therewith:

WHEREAS the decisions were taken at the United Nations Conference on the Human Environment held at Stockholm June, 1972, in which India participated, to take appropriate steps for the protection and improvement of human environment;

AND WHEREAS it is considered necessary further to implement the decisions aforesaid in so far as they relate to the protection and improvement of environment and the prevention of hazards to human beings, other living creatures, plants and property.

It extends to the whole of India.

ENVIRONMENTAL ETHICS

What really matters , what really works, examines morality from an environmental perspective.

ENVIRONMENTAL ETHICS

Environmental ethics is the part of environmental philosophy which considers extending the traditional boundaries of ethics from solely including humans to including the non-human world.

OBJECTIVES & IMPORTANCE OF ETHICS

Understand how different types of value, namely instrumental and intrinsic, function in relation to the environment

Distinguish between the following views on the moral status of the environment: anthropocentrism, zoocentrism, and biocentrism

Explore implications that follow from individualist and holistic approaches to the environment

Evaluate the merits and shortcomings of traditional moral theories as they account for the environment

Apply ethical concepts and theories to environmental issues

ENVIRONMENTAL ETHICS

VALUES RELATED TO ENVIRONMENT

MORAL STATUS TRADITINAL THEORIES

DEVELOPEMENT OF ETHICS

There are many ethical decisions that human beings make with respect to the environment.

Should we continue to clear cut forests for the sake of human consumption?

Why should we continue to propagate our species, and life itself?

Should we continue to make gasoline powered vehicles?

What environmental obligations do we need to keep for future generations?

Is it right for humans to knowingly cause the extinction of a species for the convenience of humanity?

How should we best use and conserve the space environment to secure and expand life?

DEVELOPEMENT OF ETHICS

ETHICS

ENVIRONMENT SCIENCE

ENVIRONMENT DEISION MAKING

ETHICAL THEORIES

 Marshall's categories of environmental ethics

◦ 1.1 Libertarian extension

◦ 1.2 Ecologic extension

◦ 1.3 Conservation ethics

 Humanist theories  Applied theology Anthropocentrism

LIMITATIONS OF ENVIRONMENTAL ETHICS

Lack of Management Support:-One of the disadvantages of an ethical compliance program is that it requires the comprehensive support of management to be effective.

Costly:-Developing, implementing and maintaining an ethics compliance program within your organization can be expensive and time-consuming.

ENVIRONMENTAL ETHICS IN INDIA

The environmental issues are often discussed in terms of their scientific dimensions or their significance of public policy priorities.

The fact whether Indian religious and philosophical traditions embody an environmental ethic has been of interest to environmentalist from the time environment ethics was becoming established as an academic discipline.

The type of conservation ethics in India is related with the culture, religions and philosophy from the Vedic times.

The environmental damage in India is not in proportion to its long history where the teaching and principles of Mohair, Buddha and Gandhi are ingrained in Indian culture concern for environment has now become a part of our daily life and that has come to us through countries.

REFERENCE

www.datapm10.comEnvironment and ethics journal|newyork timesUpi2205:ethics and environment|NUS universityWorld bank carbon emission data|university of

michigan|summer programme:dept. of metallurgy

En.wikipedia.org/wiki/environmental regulationsr. 5 of Environment (Protection) Rules, 1986.The list of laboratories/institutes recognised as

environmental laboratories: and the persons recognised as Govt. Analysts

www.worldbank.comAnd many more….

THANK YOU

FOLLOW THE ACT , MANTAIN THE ETHICS