environmental labelling lca ademe database technical committee: « wood and glass » april 24th...
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ENVIRONMENTAL LABELLING LCA ADEME database Technical Committee: « Wood and Glass » April 24th 2012. Olivier Réthoré ADEME Service Eco-conception & Consommation Durable (SECCD) With Intertek RDC (Isabelle Descos, Matthieu Gillis). Agenda. Goal and scope For wood and glass - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
ENVIRONMENTAL LABELLING
LCA ADEME databaseTechnical Committee: « Wood and Glass »
April 24th 2012
Olivier RéthoréADEME
Service Eco-conception & Consommation Durable (SECCD)
With Intertek RDC (Isabelle Descos, Matthieu Gillis)
Agenda
Goal and scopeFor wood and glass– Particular methodological choices– Data need– Existing data
Goal and scope
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Goal: to establish short term and long term needs in terms of LCI data to give specifications to Ecoinvent and PE in order to feed ADEME’s DB
Scope:for furniture and beds because the PCR have been validated
for packaging because transverse issue
Meeting approach
For each type of wood or glass:Analyze the inventory data need from:– The preliminary study conclusions: « Elaboration d’un plan de
développement d’une base publique de données d’ACV comme support à l’affichage »
– PCR for furniture and bed– Knowledge about packaging
Determine the appropriate granulometry– Regarding
Technological representativeness Geographical representativeness Temporal representativeness
– Considering for each differentiation The relative environmental impact The information accessibility for the industrial (specific data) The short term data availability in existing databases (generic
data)
Propose a list of inventories to be integrated into ADEME database
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ADEME database content
Processes
MetadataSources, contacts, external documents
Unit Reference
flow, Unitgroups
Characterization factors*
LCIA Method
Result for each impact category
X
*Common data for all suppliers (to be given by the JRC)
LCI Flows*, flow
property*,Unitgroups
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Data sources: 3 feeding modes
Purchasing existing or adapted data – From databases suppliers with which the ADEME has a framework contract
– For both lots (7/wood and 8/glass): PE, ecoinvent
Data co-production– In order to fill missing data in specific sectors– Projects co-funded by ADEME with research and technical partners
– Ex.: AgriBalyse for agriculture products, ACYVIA for food industry, etc.
Third party– In order to allow integrating data not yet available in existing databases
– In order to promote assessment by the industry
PCR for furniture and bed
Impact categories– Climate change – IPCC 2007– Resource depletion – EDIP 97 (2004) (may change)
– Air acidification – Recipe 2008– Photochemical oxidant formation – Recipe 2008
7
Glass and wood packaging in GT
Wood may be needed in all GT as tertiary packaging (pallets) Glass is needed in the following GT as primary packaging– GT1: Food– GT4: Beauty, hygiene and health products
Wood
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Data need – technological representativeness
PCR– Specific data
Quantity of each wood type (in mass or volume): see the list in next slide
Sustainable management of forests (to be defined by the methodological platform)
Wood machining (usinage): this data is not clear.
What must the industrial indicate? (e.g. on what form he buys it: debarked, sawn, planned…)
Data need – technological representativeness
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Solid wood– What are the differences between wood species from a LCA point of view? (e.g. more energy consumption, time for growing, soil nutrient…)– Is the approach hardwood/softwood enough for short term?– Are there types of wood missing?
Derived wood– Are the suggested categories differentiated enough? (e.g. different densities for fibreboard)– Are there types of wood missing?– Do a furniture manufacturer always know the wood species used in derived wood?
NB: list established from preliminary study and PCR
Type DifferentiationSolid wood
SoftwoodPine (sapin)
NorthCoastalSpruce (epicea)ParanaUnspecified
Douglas fir (sciage Douglas) Larch (Mélèze)
Hardwood
Beech (hêtre) Poplar (peuplier) Oak (chêne) Mahogany (Acajou) Alder (Aulne) Ash (Frêne)Birch (Bouleau) Chestnut (Châtaigner) Walnut (Noyer) Elm (Orme) Palissander (Palissandre) Teak (Teck) Linden (Tilleul) Wenge (Wengué) Maple (érable) Cherry wood (Merisier) Cork (Liège)
Derived wood
Particle woodFor humid environmentFor dry environment
Plywood (contreplaqué) Pine, beech, poplar, birch
MDF (Medium-density fibreboard)For humid environmentFor dry environment
Data need – technological representativeness
Forming processes– Debarking– Drying– Sawing– Planning– Preservative treatments
Can those processes take place within the furniture manufacturing site?
Do we need inventories, or is it always specific data?– Except for preservative treatments, do forming processes only include energy consumption?– For preservative treatments, are specific inventories needed?
Data need – technological representativeness
Packaging– Pallets– Wood boxes
Do we need more than two average inventories?Are there other needs?
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Data need – Geographical representativity
PCR does not require any geographical differenciation–What geographical level shall one consider: global ? Regional? National?–What are relevant parameters to differentiate a region from another?–What are available statistical data regarding the origin of wood in products bought in France?
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Existing data – overview
April 21, 2023
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Type Differentiation ecoinvent GaBi FCBA INIES Idemat (1998)Solid wood
SoftwoodPine (sapin)
North Coastal France
Spruce (epicea) CH, RER, NORDEL (softwood) DE France
Parana
Unspecified DE Douglas fir (sciage Douglas) DE France
Hardwood
Beech (hêtre) CH, RER, NORDEL (hardwood) DE
Poplar (peuplier) France Oak (chêne) DE France Mahogany (Acajou) Congo/Ghana/GabonAlder (Aulne) Europe/Afrique du NordBirch (Bouleau) Pays nordiquesChestnut (Châtaigner) France/ItalieWalnut (Noyer) France/ItalieElm (Orme) Pays BasPalissander (Palissandre) Brésil
Teak (Teck) DE Brésil/Thailande/Cambodje/Togo/Nigeria/Tanzanie
Linden (Tilleul) Belgique/Luxembourg/Allemagne
Wenge (Wengué) Congo/ Ghana/ GabonMaple (érable) Cherry wood (Merisier) Cork (Liège) RER
Derived wood
Particle woodFor humid environment RER DE France, 2009
For dry environment RER DE France, 2009 Plywood (contreplaqué) RER DE France, 2004
MDF (Medium-density fibreboard)For humid environment RER DE France, 2009
For dry environment RER DE France, 2009
Existing data – detail for ecoinvent and GaBi (solid wood)
April 21, 2023
Nom du service19
Type Species Representativity ecoinvent GaBi
Softwood
Spurce, or unspecified
ecoinvent: is spruce used as most representative softwood?
Form
Bark chips, Chips, logs (for heating systems)Residue wood (from insutrial processes)Industrial wood (at forest road)Round wood (at forest road)Sawn timber (at plant)
Sawn timber
Drying technology Air driedKiln dried -
Humidity 20%, 40 %, 140% -Geography CH, RER, NORDEL DE
Pine Form, geography Sawn timber, DEDouglas fir Form, geography Sawn timber, DECedar Form, geography Sawn timber, DELarch (mélèze) Form, geography Sawn timber, DEParana pine Form, geography Sawn timber, GLO
Hardwood
Beech, or unspecified
ecoinvent: is beech used as most representative hardwood?
Form
Bark chips, Chips, logs (for heating systems)Residue wood (from insutrial processes)Industrial wood (at forest road)Round wood (at forest road)Sawn timber (at plant)
Sawn timber
Drying technology Air driedKiln dried -
Humidity 10%, 20%, 40 %, 70%, 140% -Geography CH, RER, NORDEL DE
Azobe Form, geography Under bark, CM Eucalyptus Form, geography Under bark, TH Meranti Form, geography Under bark, MY Cork Form, geography At forest road, RER Cork oak Form, geography At forest road, RER Teak Form, geography Sawn timber, DEOak Form, geography Sawn timber, DE
Existing data – detail for ecoinvent and GaBi (derived wood)
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Type Representativity ecoinvent GaBi
Fibreboard
Origin Softwood, orHardwood
Production mixCelluloseDHF, DFF
Adhesive LatexWithout adhesive ?
Geography CH, RER DEMDF (Medium-density fibreboard) Geography RER DE
HDF (High-density fibreboard) Geography DE
Particle board
Techno Cement bounded Pgleiderer, egger, average, P2, P4, P5, P6P7
Use IndoorOutdoor -
Geography RER DE
Laminated timber
Origin ? Pine, softwood
Form Glued, or not Three, Five layersGlued, or not
Use IndoorOutdoor -
Geography RER DE
PlywoodUse Indoor
Outdoor Production mix
Geography RER DE
Existing data
Can data from GaBi and ecoinvent be used for furniture? As they where originally produced for construction
Data need vs. existing data
Data available in GaBi and ecoinvent
Data available in one database or unknown information
Unavailable data
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Type DifferentiationSolid wood
SoftwoodPine (sapin)
NorthCoastalSpruce (epicea)ParanaUnspecified
Douglas fir (sciage Douglas) Larch (mélèze)
Hardwood
Beech (hêtre) Poplar (peuplier) Oak (chêne) Mahogany (Acajou) Alder (Aulne) Ash (Frêne)Birch (Bouleau) Chestnut (Châtaigner) Walnut (Noyer) Elm (Orme) Palissander (Palissandre) Teak (Teck) Linden (Tilleul) Wenge (Wengué) Maple (érable) Cherry wood (Merisier) Cork (Liège)
Derived wood
Particle woodFor humid environmentFor dry environment
Plywood (contreplaqué) Pine, beech, poplar, birch
MDF (Medium-density fibreboard)For humid environmentFor dry environment
Recycling allocation
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FurniturePCR
– requires 50/50 allocation for production losses Shall the database have inventories, from recycled losses to
be chosen as raw material?Are production losses always considered recycled?– recycling is not considered for furniture end-of-life in
short term
Credits– What is (are) the recycling outlet(s)? (energy from wood,
process panel…)– Must one inventory be used or an average?
Recycling process– Must the recycling process be differentiated by type of
wood, type of outlet?
Pallets: energy valorization
Glass
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Recycling allocation
BPX requires allocation based on collection rateTwo solutions to model recycling credit– Inventories 100 % primary or 100 % secondary allow choosing recycling content and end of life recycling rate but are not representative of any realityIs it possible/acceptable to have such inventories?Do they represent the reality when combined?– Average inventories represent closed loop systems, and are suitable for collection rate based allocationTo databases suppliers: would it be possible to adapt the collection rate to France situation?
Should flat glass, packaging glass and other glasses collection rates be differentiated?
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Container glass – Refillable glass
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Should inventories be distinct between refillable bottles and one-way bottles? Or should it be an average?
Existing data– Ecoinvent and GaBi (?) only has data for one-way glass– FEVE has data for average and for one-way
If refillable glass is distinct, should/may the amount of rotations be a specific parameter in PCR for beverages? (i.e. is it significant on environmental impacts and can it vary from an industrial to another?)
Olivier, cette question va peut-être-t-il un peu trop loin?
Soda allocation
Solvay process (or ammonia process) produces soda and calcium chlorideSoda allocation factor– ecoinvent: 33% based on economic allocation, world market– FEVE: 100%, because calcium chloride is a by-product not valued– What about GaBi?
Proposition: 100 % allocation to soda
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Data need – Technological representativenessType Process Differentiation Application Questions
Flat glass
Float flat glass"Classic" Tables, cupboard Coated Tables, cupboard
Rolled glassWired glass Safety window Can it be used in furniture or other goods?Patterned glass Tables, cupboard
Other processes
Toughened
More resistant glass Can it be used in furniture or other goods?Hardened (or semi-toughened)LaminatedDecorated Tables, cupboard
Container glassWhite
Beverage, food…
Green Brown
Other glass
Based on composition
Silicate glass TV screens, ovenwareMust we need specific inventories or is it in the materials flow of the application manufacturer?
Lithium aluminosilicate glass Ceramics for cooking wareLead glass CrystalSealing glass Electronic components
Based on forming process
Glass fiber Textiles, and reinforcement of plastics)
Glass optical fiber Data transmission (TV, IT…) Glass tubing Fluorescent lights Casted glass Domestic glassware Is the process for container glass the same
as for glassware? Or is it a good approximation?Electric light bulb Domestic lamps
Glass pieces with assembling structure
Stained glass (with lead) Can it be used in furniture or other goods?Is it bought or manufactured by the furniture manufacturer?
Copper glass Ancklebone (Astragale) (with wood)
List established from Preliminary study and complementary research
Data need – Technological representativeness
Must all those categories have an inventory? (e.g. sealing glass is included in electronic processes)Must those categories be more differentiated?Are there types of glass missing?
For product directly coming from glass production site (e.g. glassware), do we need inventories for glass raw materials (soda, sand…)? Since quantities and other parameters may be specific.
What is the ideal list of inventories to be integrated into the database?30
Data need – Geographical representativeness
What parameters differentiate a region from another?What geography level shall we consider (country, continental, world)Is it possible to estimate glass production in other continent from European data?
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Existing data
Nom du service32
Type Representativity ecoinvent GaBi FEVE
Flat glassTechnology
CoatedUncoatedToughened
Float -
Geography RER EU-27 -
Packaging glassTechnology Brown, green, white Techno mix
Techno mix / without refillableGate-to-gate, cradle to gate and cradle to cradle
Geography CH, DE, RER EU-27 RER
Screen glassTechnology LCD, CRT
Funnel for CRT - -
Geography RER - -
Coated glassTechnology Anti-reflex coating (solar) - -
Geography DK - -
Glass tube Geography DE - -
Glass fibre Geography RER DE -
Glass wool Geography - DE Included in packaging inventory as recycling
Glass bricks Geography - DE -
Existing data
Can data from GaBi and ecoinvent be used for furniture? As they where originally produced for constructionFEVE– How deep can FEVE inventory be disaggregated?In particular:
is it possible to have an inventory « glass, wool »,
Is it possible to have an inventory « glass, refillable »,
is it possible to have only the impacts of electricity consumption?
Data need vs. existing data
Data available in GaBi and ecoinvent
Data available in one database
Unavailable data34
Type Process Differentiation
Flat glass
Float flat glass"Classic"Coated
Rolled glassWired glassPatterned glass
Other processes
ToughenedHardened (or semi-toughened)LaminatedDecorated
Container glassWhiteGreenBrown
Other glass
Based on composition
Silicate glassLithium aluminosilicate glassLead glassSealing glassCopper glassStained glass
Based on forming process
Glass fiberGlass optical fiberGlass tubingCasted glassElectric light bulb
Glass pieces with assembling structure
Stained glass (with lead)Copper glassAncklebone (Astragale) (with wood)