environmental impact power plants

8/18/2019 Environmental Impact Power Plants

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/environmental-impact-power-plants 1/20

EEEnnn v v v iiirrrooonnnmmmeeennntttaaalll IIImmmpppaaaccctttsss ooof f f PPPooo w w w eeerrr PPPlllaaannntttsss

"#$% &'()$* +,-.$*, /011$%%$02 3&+/4 (-0*#'-, ,56)0-,% 7#, ,2.$-021,278) $168*7% 829 $%%',%-,)87,9 70 7#, *02%7-'*7$02 829 06,-87$02 0: ,),*7-$* ;,2,-87$02 :8*$)$7$,%< 0- 60=,- 6)827%> ?2*)'9,9$2 7#$% 6'()$*87$02 8-, %01, 7,*#2$@',% '%,9 70 8.0$9< -,9'*,< 0- 1$7$;87, $168*7%>

Topic Page "#$%&#' ()*+%&,) -./#,$*

A$- >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> BC)0(8) /)$187, >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> D E87,- F'827$7G >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> H E87,- F'8)$7G >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> I E,7)829% >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> JK829 829 +0$) >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> J L,;,787$02 >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> MN E$)9)$:, >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> MM&-07,*7,9 +6,*$,% >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> MM

O$%70-$*8) 829 A-*#8,0)0;$*8) +$7,% >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> MM0+..%12$3 ()*+%&,) -./#,$*K829 P%, /01687$($)$7G >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> MQ A;-$*')7'-, >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> MRS,*-,87$02 >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> MR&-06,-7G L8)',% >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> MRT'7'-, U,.,)061,27 >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> MV A$- +68*, >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> MVT0; 829 ?*, >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> MVW0$%, >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> MBT';$7$., U'%7 >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> MDX90-% 829 K$;#7 >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> MD A,%7#,7$*% >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> MHK0*8) Y*0201$* ?168*7% >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> MH/011'2$7G +,-.$*,% >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> MHS,.,2', +#8-$2; >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> MI+0)$9 E8%7, Z828;,1,27 >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> MI "-8::$* +8:,7G >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> MIY),*7-$* "-82%1$%%$02 0- U$%7-$('7$02 /#82;,% >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> MJ

4$2'2$3 (#$)/#3)& -./#,$* >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> MJ

M



The PSC’s Role in Power Plant Siting and Environmental

Protection

?2 ;,2,-8)< 7#, &+/[% 0(\,*7$., $% 70 ,2%'-, 8 %8:, 829 -,)$8(), ,),*7-$*$7G %'66)G :0- 7#, 6'()$* 87 8-,8%028(), *0%7 =$7# )$1$7,9 89.,-%, ,2.$-021,278) 829 %0*$8) $168*7 :0- E$%*02%$2 -,%$9,27% 829('%$2,%%,%>

"#, &+/ $% 7#, %787, 8;,2*G 7#87 -,;')87,% ,),*7-$* '7$)$7$,% 829 7#, *02%7-'*7$02 0: 60=,- 6)827%> T0-82G 2,= 60=,- 6)827 =$7# 8 *868*$7G 0: MNN ZE 0- 10-,< 7#, 9,.,)06,- 1'%7 866)G :0- 8 /,-7$:$*87,0: &'()$* /02.,2$,2*, 829 W,*,%%$7G 3/&/W4 :-01 7#, &+/> ?: 7#, 9,.,)06,- $% 8 E$%*02%$2 '7$)$7G<$7 1'%7 %'(1$7 8 /&/W 866)$*87$02 =$7# 9,78$)% 02 7#, ,2;$2,,-$2;< ,*0201$*< 829 ,2.$-021,278)8%6,*7% 0: 7#, 6-060%8)< $2*)'9$2; 828)G%,% 0: 8)7,-287$., ,2,-;G %0'-*,%< 7,*#20)0;$,%< 0- )0*87$02%>

?: 7#, 60=,- 6)827 9,.,)06,- $% 207 8 E$%*02%$2 '7$)$7G< 7#, &+/ 18G 207 *02%$9,- 8)7,-287$., %0'-*,%0: ,),*7-$*$7G %'66)G< ,2;$2,,-$2;< 0- ,*0201$* :8*70-%< 0- =#,7#,- 7#, 6-0\,*7 =0')9 -,8%028()G 1,,77#, 6'()$*[% 2,,9 :0- ,),*7-$* ,2,-;G $2 18]$2; $7% 9,*$%$02%>

?2 10%7 *8%,%< 7#, 866)$*827 1'%7 6-0.$9, 87 ),8%7 7=0 8)7,-287$., %$7,%> "#, &+/ -,.$,=% 7#,,2.$-021,278) 829 %0*$0,*0201$* $168*7% 0: 7#, 6-060%,9 6)827 %$7,%> "#, &+/ 8)%0 ,581$2,% 7#,

607,27$8) -0'7,% :0- 2,= 60=,- )$2,%< 287'-8) ;8% 6$6,)$2,%< 0- %7,81^=87,- )$2,% 7#87 7#, 6)827 =0')9-,@'$-, :0- ,8*# %$7,>

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`0-9,-a 7#87 866-0.,%< -,\,*7%< 0- 109$:$,% 7#, 6-060%,9 60=,-6)827> ?: 7#, 60=,- 6)827 6-0\,*7 $% 866-0.,9< 7#, /011$%%$02 %,),*7% 7#, %$7, =#,-, $7 =$)) (, ('$)7

829 18G 8)%0 $160%, 8 .8-$,7G 0: ,2.$-021,278) 1$7$;87$02 1,8%'-,%> "#, UWS 866-0.,% 829$%%',% $7% 6,-1$7% %,68-87,)G>

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

?2 ,.,-G 60=,- 6)827 *8%,< 7#, )0*8) 6'()$* -,*,$.,% 02, 0- 10-, 18$)$2;% :-01 7#, &+/ 70 3M4 207$:G6,06), 7#87 7#, 6-0\,*7 #8% (,,2 6-060%,9 829 $% (,$2; -,.$,=,9 829 3Q4 0(78$2 $2:0-187$02 829*02*,-2% :-01 7#, )0*8) $29$.$9'8)%>

Q



How a Power Plant Might Cause Impacts

A 60=,- 6)827 *82 8::,*7 7#, ,2.$-021,27 (G $7% *02%7-'*7$02 829 (G $7% 06,-87$02> "#,%, ,::,*7%< 0-$168*7%< *82 (, ,$7#,- 7,160-8-G 0- 6,-182,27> A 60=,- 6)827 829 $7% 8'5$)$8-G *01602,27% 3,>;>287'-8) ;8% 6$6,)$2,%< =87,- $278],% 829 9$%*#8-;,< *08) 9,)$.,-G 829 %70-8;, %G%7,1%< 2,=7-82%1$%%$02 )$2,% 829 =8%7, 9$%60%8) %$7,%4 78], '6 %68*, 02 7#, ;-0'29 829 $2 7#, 8$-< '%, =87,-

-,%0'-*,%< 829< $2 182G *8%,%< ,1$7 60))'7827% $270 7#, 8$-> "#, 6)827[% :0076-$27 02 7#, ;-0'29,)$1$287,% 0660-7'2$7$,% :0- 07#,-% 70 6'-*#8%, 0- '%, 7#, )829> ?7 *82 8)%0 8::,*7 7#, ,5$%7$2; 0-:'7'-, '%,% 0: 89\0$2$2; 829 2,8-(G )829 68-*,)%> A *08)b:$-,9 6)827 $2*)'9,% %01, -,)87$.,)G 78))('$)9$2;% 829 #$;# ,5#8'%7 %78*]%> "#, 6)827[% #,$;#7 18G -,%')7 $2 %8:,7G *02*,-2% :0- 8$-*-8:7 0- .$%'8) $168*7% :0- )0*8) )8290=2,-%> ?: 7#, )829 70 (, '%,9 :0- 7#, 60=,- 6)827 $% 8 `;-,,2:$,)9a< 82'29,.,)06,9 68-*,) =$7# 10%7)G .,;,787$02 3*-06%< 68%7'-,< 0- 0)9b:$,)9 .,;,787$024< 7#,-, =0')9 (,$168*7% 02 )829 '%,< %0$)%< 829 =$)9)$:, 6-,%,27 02 7#, %$7,>

T0%%$) :',)b:$-,9 829 ($018%%b:$-,9 6)827% ('-2 :',)% 70 18], ,$7#,- #07 8$- 0- %7,81 2,,9,9 70 %6$260=,- 7'-($2,% ;,2,-87$2; ,),*7-$*$7G> W'*),8- 60=,- 6)827% '%, 7#, 2'*),8- :$%%$02 -,8*7$02 70 *-,87,%7,81 70 90 7#, %81,> "#, ('-2$2; 0: :',) *-,87,% ,5#8'%7 ;8%,% 829 07#,- (Gb6-09'*7%< $2*)'9$2;8$- 60))'7827%> "#, '%, 0: =87,- 70 18], %7,81 -,@'$-,% )8-;, @'827$7$,% 0: =87,- :-01 2,8-(G -$.,-%

0- )8],%< 0- :-01 )0*8) '29,-;-0'29 =87,- 8@'$:,-%< 829 $7 1'%7 (, 6'-$:$,9> ?2 %01, *8%,%< =87,-1'%7 (, 9$%*#8-;,9 :-01 7#, 6)827 8:7,- $7 #8% (,,2 '%,9> "#, 810'27 0: '%,9 =87,- 9$%*#8-;,9< 7#,9$%*#8-;, =87,-[% 7,16,-87'-,< 829 7#, *02*,27-87$02 0: 60))'7827% $2 7#, =87,- 8-, 8)) :8*70-% 70 (,*02%$9,-,9>

A .8-$,7G 0: %0)$9 =8%7,% *82 (, 6-09'*,9< 829 7#,%, 1'%7 (, #829),9> "#, *01('%7$02 0: *08)*-,87,% 8%# 8% 8 %0)$9 =8%7,> W'*),8- 60=,- 6)827% *-,87, %6,27 2'*),8- :',) -09% 829 )0=b),.,)-89$08*7$., =8%7,%> &0=,- 6)827% 7#87 '%, =87,- 70 *-,87, %7,81 0- :0- *00)$2; 1'%7 0:7,2 :$)7,- 8296'-$:G 7#, =87,- (,:0-, 9$%*#8-;$2; 70 %'-:8*, =87,-%> "#, :$)7,-,9 %0)$9% 8-, 8 (Gb6-09'*7 7#87 1'%7(, 9$%60%,9 866-06-$87,)G>

"#, =87,- '%,9 :0- *00)$2; $% 0:7,2 -'2 7#-0';# *00)$2; 70=,-% 70 -,9'*, 7#, #,87> "#, 8$- 7#87[% =8-1,9 (G 7#, =87,- $2 7#, *00)$2; 70=,- ;0,% $270 7#, 8710%6#,-, *8--G$2; ;-,87 @'827$7$,% 0: =87,- 8% .860-< $2 %01, *8%,% 1$))$02% 0: ;8))02% 6,- 98G> "#87 )0%7 =87,- .860-< 0(78$2,9 )0*8))G<-,6-,%,27% %$;2$:$*827 =87,- *02%'167$02 (G 7#, 60=,- 6)827>

+01, 8%6,*7% 0: 7#, *02%7-'*7$02 829 06,-87$02 0: 8 60=,- 6)827 *82 #8., '2%,77)$2; ,::,*7% 02 7#,*011'2$7G $2 =#$*# 7#, 60=,- 6)827 $% ('$)7> /02%7-'*7$02 0: 7#, 60=,- 6)827< =#$), .,-G0-;82$c,9< *82 (, .$,=,9 (G %'--0'29$2; )8290=2,-% 829 07#,- *$7$c,2% 8% ';)G 829 *#807$* 8291$;#7 #8., 82 ,::,*7 02 *011'2$7G 8,%7#,7$*% 0- ('%$2,%%> /0%7% :0- *011'2$7G %,-.$*,% %'*# 8%60)$*,< :$-, 6-07,*7$02< ,1,-;,2*G 1,9$*8) %,-.$*,< 829 7-8::$* *027-0) *82 $2*-,8%,> A99$7$028)-,@'$-,1,27% 1$;#7 (, 6)8*,9 02 7#, 1'2$*$68) =87,- %'66)G 0- =8%7,=87,- 7-,871,27 *868*$7G< 0- 02%0)$9b=8%7, 1828;,1,27 %G%7,1%> /08)b:$-,9 60=,- 6)827% -,@'$-, 82 ,::$*$,27< -,)$8(), 829 )02;b7,-1 1,82% 0: *08) 9,)$.,-G< '%'8))G (G -8$) 0- (8-;,> W,8-(G -089 0- -8$) 7-8::$* 1$;#7 (, *016)$*87,90- ('-9,2,9 (G *02%7-'*7$02 7-8::$* 829 7#, 9,)$.,-G 0: 187,-$8)%< 68-7$*')8-)G )8-;, $7,1%> W0$%,),.,)% $2 2,$;#(0-#009% 1$;#7 $2*-,8%, 9'-$2; *02%7-'*7$02< 829 60=,- 6)827 06,-87$02 8)%0 *-,87,%20$%, 829 .$(-87$02> "#, *00)$2; 70=,-% 0: 82 06,-87$2; 60=,- 6)827 *82 8)%0 *-,87, :0; 829 -$1,$*,> A$- %68*, $%%',% 829 *01687$($)$7G =$7# )0*8) )829 '%, 1'%7 (, *02%$9,-,9 $2 )$;#7 0: 7#, %68*,7#, 60=,- 6)827 0**'6$,% 829 7#, =8G $7 06,-87,%>

"#,-, 8)%0 *82 (, 60%$7$., ,::,*7% 02 7#, *011'2$7G %'*# 8% \0(% :0- )0*8) -,%$9,27% 829 6'-*#8%,%0: )0*8))Gb6-09'*,9 ;009% 829 %,-.$*,% *-,87$2; 899$7$028) $2*01, %7-,81% :0- 7#, 8-,8> K0*8) 785-,.,2', 0- %787, %#8-,9 -,.,2', :0- 7#, )0*8) 1'2$*$68)$7$,% =0')9 $2*-,8%,> A29< 0: *0'-%,< 7#,

R



,),*7-$*$7G 6-09'*,9 (G 7#, 6)827 *0')9 -,6)8*, 0'7b0:b%787, 60=,- 6'-*#8%,% =#0%, 6-$*,% 1$;#7 (,10-, .0)87$), 829 '2-,)$8(),> "#, 06,-87$02 0: 7#, 6)827 8)%0 *0')9 #,)6 %78($)$c, 7#, )0*8) ,),*7-$*7-82%1$%%$02 ;-$9 %0 7#87 60=,- $% 10-, ,::$*$,27)G 829 -,)$8()G 10.,9 :-01 02, 6)8*, 70 8207#,->

"#,-, *0')9 8)%0 (, $168*7% :-01 7#, *02%7-'*7$02 0: 8'5$)$8-G 0- 82*$))8-G :8*$)$7$,% %'*# 8% 60=,-6)827 %'660-7 %G%7,1% 829 $2:-8%7-'*7'-,%< -8$) )$2,%< -089%< 287'-8) ;8% )$2,%< =87,- 0- %7,81 )$2,%< 829,),*7-$* 7-82%1$%%$02 )$2,%> E87,-< %7,81< 829 287'-8) ;8% 8-, 7-82%60-7,9 (G 6$6,)$2,%> &$6,)$2,%

0:7,2 -,@'$-, 7#, 9$;;$2; 0: 7-,2*#,% 7#87 18G $168*7 -,%$9,27$8) G8-9%< -089%< :8-1 :$,)9%< =009)829%< 0- =,7)829%> W87'-8) ;8% 829 ,),*7-$* 7-82%1$%%$02 )$2, $168*7% 8-, 9$%*'%%,9 $2 07#,-&+/ (-0*#'-,%>

Public Information and Input in Power Plant Development

"#, ;,2,-8) 6'()$* %#0')9 #8., 8**,%% 70 $2:0-187$02 8(0'7 7#, %$7$2; 0: 8 60=,- 6)827 829 7#,607,27$8) $168*7% 7#87 *0')9 0**'- (,:0-, *02%7-'*7$02 $% 8'7#0-$c,9 (G 7#, &+/> &,06), $2 7#, 8-,80:7,2 #8., $2:0-187$02 7#87 *0')9 8::,*7 7#, 60=,- 6)827 9,.,)06,-[% %$7$2; ,::0-7%< 7#, 9,%$;2 0: 7#,6-060%,9 6)827< 829 7#, ')7$187, 9,*$%$02% 189, (G 7#, /011$%%$02>

A 9,.,)06,- 1$;#7 0(78$2 6'()$* $26'7 (G_

• +0)$*$7$2; $26'7 7#-0';# 8 6,-$09$* 2,=%),77,->

• +0)$*$7$2; -,%602%,% $2 6,-%028) ),77,-% %,27 70 )0*8) ;0.,-21,27%< -,;$028) 6)822,-%< 829)8290=2,-%>

•

O0)9$2; $2:0-187$02 1,,7$2;% 70 -,%6029 70 @',%7$02%< %0)$*$7 *011,27%< 0- #829 0'7@',%7$0228$-,%>

E$7# 8**,%% 70 7#, 9,.,)06,-[% 60=,- 6)827 %$7$2; *-$7,-$8< 1,1(,-% 0: 7#, 6'()$* *82 7#$2] 10-,%,-$0'%)G 829 1,82$2;:'))G 8(0'7 7#, 6)827> "#,G *82_

• /0168-, %$7,%>

• P29,-%7829 =#G 68-7$*')8- %$7,% 8-, (,$2; ,581$2,9 :0- 8 6-060%8)>

• U$%*'%% =#$*# ,2.$-021,278) :8*70-% 866,8- 70 (, 0: $160-782*, $2 7#, 6-0\,*7>

•

&07,27$8))G $2:)',2*, 7#, *01682G[% %$7$2; 9,*$%$02% (,:0-, $7 %'(1$7% 8 *02%7-'*7$02866)$*87$02 70 7#, &+/>

"#, 6'()$* *82 8)%0 6-0.$9, $26'7 9'-$2; 7#, &+/ -,.$,= 0: 7#, 60=,- 6)827 6-060%8)> "#,-, $%0:7,2 9$%*'%%$02 8(0'7 `1$7$;87$02>a Z$7$;87$02 $2.0).,% 1,7#09% 70 -,9'*, $168*7% 0- 70*016,2%87, :0- 7#, $168*7% $2 %01, =8G %0 7#87 7#, 89.,-%, ,::,*7 $% ),%%,2,9> U,.,)061,27 0:1$7$;87$02 1,8%'-,% 1$;#7 8::,*7 7#, 6-0\,*7 -,.$,=[% 0'7*01,> Z,7#09% :0- $168*7 1$7$;87$02%#0')9 (, *02%$9,-,9 7#-0';#0'7 7#, -,;')870-G -,.$,= 6-0*,%%>

V



Natural Resources Impacts

52&

X6,-87$2; 60=,- 6)827% 7#87 ('-2 *08)< 0$)< 0- 287'-8) ;8% ,1$7 8$- 60))'7827% $270 7#, 8710%6#,-,-,@'$-$2; 7#, 6)827 (, :$77,9 =$7# 60))'7$02 *027-0) ,@'$61,27 70 -,9'*, ,1$%%$02%> Z82G 0: 7#,%,

60=,- 6)827 8$- 60))'7827% #8., (,,2 $9,27$:$,9 829 8-, -,;')87,9 (G :,9,-8) 829 %787, ,2.$-021,278)-,;')870-G 8;,2*$,%>

&'()$* ,560%'-, 70 8$- ,1$%%$02% 38$- 60))'7$024 :-01 8 60=,- 6)827 $% -,;')87,9 (G 7#, P>+>Y2.$-021,278) &-07,*7$02 A;,2*G 3Y&A4 6-$18-$)G 7#-0';# 7=0 %,7% 0: %78298-9%_

• "#, W87$028) A1($,27 A$- F'8)$7G +78298-9% 3WAAF+4 :0- 18\0-< `*-$7,-$8<a 8$- 60))'7827%

$2*)'9$2; %'):'- 9$05$9, 3+XQ 4< 2$7-0;,2 05$9,% 3WX5 4< *8-(02 10205$9, 3/X4< 0c02, 3XR 4<68-7$*')87, 1877,- 3&ZQ>B 0- &ZMN 4< 829 ),89 3&(4>

• "#, W87$028) Y1$%%$02% +78298-9% :0- O8c8-90'% A$- &0))'7827% 3WY+OA&4 :0- #8c8-90'%,),1,27% )$], 1,-*'-G 3O;4 0- *891$'1 3/94 829 *0160'29% )$], 8*,78)9,#G9, 3/OR/OX40- #G9-0*#)0-$* 8*$9 3OQ+XV 4< 8)) 0:7,2 1,27$02,9 %$16)G 8% OA&%>

"#, E$%*02%$2 UWS $% *#8-;,9 =$7# ,2:0-*$2; 7#, WAAF+ :0- *-$7,-$8 60))'7827% 829 WY+OA& :0-OA&%> "#, E$%*02%$2 UWS 8$- 60))'7$02 *027-0) 6,-1$7 6-0;-81 #8% 6,-1$7% :0- 7=0 ]$29% 0:%*,28-$0%_ 2,= 829 ,5$%7$2; :8*$)$7$,%> T0- 8 6-060%,9 2,= 60=,- 6)827< 7#, 0(\,*7$., $% 70 ,2%'-,7#-0';# 8 `*02%7-'*7$02 6,-1$7a 829 `8$- 9$%6,-%$02 109,)$2;a 7#87 7#, 6)827 *82 1,,7 8$- 60))'7$02%78298-9% (,:0-, $7 $% ('$)7 829 06,-87$2;> Y5$%7$2; 6)827% -,*,$., 06,-87$02 6,-1$7% 7#87 %,7 ,1$%%$02)$1$7% 829 ,%78()$%# 102$70-$2; 829 -,60-7$2; -,@'$-,1,27%>

+XQ #8% (,,2 8 *8'%, 0: 8*$9 6-,*$6$787$02< *01102)G ]20=2 8% `8*$9 -8$2<a =#$*# *82 9818;, .,;,787$02 829 8*$9$:G )8],%> +6,*$,% .')2,-8(), 70 8*$9$* *029$7$02% #8., 7-0'(), -,6-09'*$2; 829<$2 %01, *8%,%< 9$,> WXd 829 .0)87$), 0-;82$* *0160'29% 3LX/%4 8-, *01602,27% 0: 0c02,:0-187$02> Xc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d 829 +XQ ,1$%%$02% :-01 60=,- 6)827% 7#87 ('-2 *08) 0- 287'-8) ;8%> "#,%, *0160'29% 8-, 68-7 0: 8 *016),5*#,1$*8) -,8*7$02 $2 7#, 8710%6#,-, 7#87 *-,87,% 2$7-87,b 829 %'):87,b(8%,9 :$2, 68-7$*')87,%> Z0%7 0:7#, UWS[% ,::0-7% 70 -,9'*, :$2, 68-7$*')87, 60))'7$02 8-, (8%,9 02 G,8-b-0'29 *027-0) 0: WXd 829+XQ *02781$2827%>

Z,-*'-G 3O;4 $% 287'-8))G 6-,%,27 $2 %18)) @'827$7$,% $2 7#, ,2.$-021,27> O'182 8*7$.$7$,% #8.,;-,87)G $2*-,8%,9 7#, *02*,27-87$02 0: 7#$% 60))'7827 $2 7#, 8$- 829 =87,-> /08)b:$-,9 60=,- 6)827% 8-,7#, ($;;,%7 *87,;0-G 0: 1,-*'-G ,1$77,-%> Z,-*'-G $% .,-G .0)87$), 829 *82 7-8.,) 8-0'29 7#, =0-)9 $27#, 8710%6#,-,< -,6,87,9)G (,$2; 9,60%$7,9 829 -,b,1$77,9 $270 7#, 8710%6#,-,> Z,-*'-G $%9,60%$7,9 $2 )8],% 829 -$.,-% (G -8$2< %20= 829 %'-:8*, -'20::> E#$), 1,-*'-G $% 8 60))'7827 =$7#;)0(8) *02%,@',2*,%< 7#, )0*8) $168*7% 0: 1,-*'-G ,1$%%$02% :-01 60=,- 6)827% 8)%0 -,18$2 8%,-$0'% *02*,-2> X2*, 9,60%$7,9 $2 =87,-=8G%< (8*7,-$8 *82 *02.,-7 1,-*'-G $270 1,7#G) 1,-*'-G7#87 *82 (, ,8%$)G 8(%0-(,9 (G :$%# 829 07#,- 0-;82$%1%> Y87$2; *02781$287,9 :$%# $% 7#, 6-$18-G

B



687#=8G :0- #'182 ,560%'-, 70 1,-*'-G> ?2;,%7,9 1,-*'-G *82 9818;, 7#, 2,-.0'% %G%7,1<,%6,*$8))G $2 *#$)9-,2 829 :,7'%,%> /'--,27)G< 10%7 E$%*02%$2 )8],% 829 %7-,81% #8., UWS :$%#*02%'167$02 `%8:,b,87$2;a ;'$9,)$2,% :0- 1,-*'-G 3 #776_^^92->=$>;0.^706$*^:$%#$2;^*02%'167$02 4>+01, E$%*02%$2 )8],% 829 %7-,81% 0- %7-,81 %,;1,27% #8., :$%# *02%'167$02 `%6,*$8) 89.$*,a(,*8'%, 0: #$;#,- ),.,)% 0: 1,-*'-G $2 *,-78$2 %60-7 :$%# =#$*# *82 (, :0'29 02 7#, UWS =,(%$7,>e07# 7#, :$%# *02%'167$02 ;'$9,)$2,% 829 7#, %6,*$8) 89.$*, *0278$2 -,*011,2987$02% -,;8-9$2;8.0$9$2; 0- )$1$7$2; *02%'167$02 0: *,-78$2 %60-7 :$%#< ,%6,*$8))G =01,2 0: *#$)9 (,8-$2; G,8-%<

2'-%$2; 107#,-% 829 *#$)9-,2 '29,- 7#, 8;, 0: MB>

Z,-*'-G ,1$%%$02 *027-0) :-01 :0%%$) :',)b('-2$2; 60=,- 6)827% $% $16-0.$2;> ?7 18G (, 60%%$(), 70-,8*# 8 HN 70 JNb6)'% 6,-*,27 -,9'*7$02 $2 1,-*'-G ,1$%%$02% '%$2; *,-78$2 *01($287$02% 0: *027-0)7,*#20)0;$,%> E#$), 7#, 705$* -$%] 0: 9$-,*7 $2#8)87$02 0: 1,-*'-G :-01 60=,- 6)827 ,1$%%$02% $%)0=< (07# 7#, UWS M 829 Y&AQ 8-, -,;')87$2; 1,-*'-G ,1$%%$02% :-01 *08)b:$-,9 60=,- 6)827% 70-,9'*, 7#, ('$)9 '6 3($08**'1')87$024 0: 1,-*'-G $2 7#, ,2.$-021,27>

?7 $% 8)%0 $160-7827 70 ]20= 8(0'7 7#, 6-,%,2*, 0: %,2%$7$., ,2.$-021,278) -,%0'-*,% $2 7#, 8-,8 7#87 =0')9 (, 8::,*7,9 (G 7#, 60=,- 6)827[% ,1$%%$02%> T0- ,5816),< 7#, 6)827 %#0')9 (, )0*87,9 :8-:-01 82G 9,%$;287,9 =$)9,-2,%% %'*# 8% 287$028) :0-,%7% =#0%, ,*0)0;G< 6'()$* '%, 829 ,2\0G1,27*0')9 (, 89.,-%,)G 8::,*7,9 (G 8$- 60))'7$02>

T,9,-8) ,1$%%$02% %78298-9% 8-, (8%,9 02 #,8)7# ,::,*7% -,%,8-*#> ?2 82 ,::0-7 70 1$2$1$c, 60))'7827%-,),8%,9 70 7#, 8$-< (,%7b8*#$,.$2; ,1$%%$02 *027-0) 7,*#20)0;$,% 8-, 0:7,2 189, 8 -,@'$-,1,27 :0-6)827 06,-87$02> Y.,2 7#0';# 8 60=,- 6)827[% ,1$%%$02% 8-, -,@'$-,9 70 1,,7 8$- ,1$%%$02 %78298-9%<10-, %,2%$7$., $29$.$9'8)% 1$;#7 207 (, 89,@'87,)G 6-07,*7,9> E#,2 8$- 60))'7$02 ),.,)% $2*-,8%, $282 8-,8< 10-, .')2,-8(), $29$.$9'8)% )$], 7#, ,)9,-)G< 7#, %$*]< 829 7#, .,-G G0'2; 1$;#7 ,56,-$,2*,#,8)7# 6-0(),1%>

6'+7#' 0'2.#$)

"#, 6)82,7[% 8($)$7G 70 -,78$2 %0)8- #,87 $% 9,6,29,27 02 *02*,27-87$02% 0: `;-,,2#0'%, ;8%,%a3COC%4 7#87 8-, $2 7#, 8710%6#,-,> COC% 8-, ;8%,% $2 7#, 8710%6#,-, 7#87 7-86 #,87< )$],;-,,2#0'%, ;)8%%< 829 #,)6 ],,6 7#, 6)82,7 =8-1 ,20';# :0- )$:, 70 %'-.$.,> "#, 7#-,, 18$2 #'182b$2:)',2*,9 COC% 8-, *8-(02 9$05$9, 3/XQ 4< 1,7#82, 3/OV 4< 829 2$7-0'% 05$9, 3WQX4> &0=,- 6)827%:',),9 (G :0%%$) :',)% )$], *08) 0- 287'-8) ;8% 6-09'*, )8-;, 810'27% 0: /XQ> +$2*, 7#, (,;$22$2; 0:7#, $29'%7-$8) -,.0)'7$02 =#,2 )8-;,b%*8), *02%'167$02 0: :0%%$) :',)% (,;82< 8710%6#,-$**02*,27-87$02% 0: /XQ #8., $2*-,8%,9 0.,- RN 6,-*,27> A(0'7 #8): 0: 7#87 $2*-,8%, #8% 0**'--,9%$2*, MJHN< 829 7#, -87, 0: $2*-,8%, #8% ;-0=2 %$2*, QNNN> +*$,27$%7% (,)$,., 7#87 $2*-,8%,% $2 COC*02*,27-87$02% #8., *027-$('7,9 70 899$7$028) =8-1$2; 0: 7#, 6)82,7< 829 *027$2',9 $2*-,8%,% $2*02*,27-87$02% 8-, ,56,*7,9 70 *8'%, :'-7#,- =8-1$2; 829 8 .8-$,7G 0: ;)0(8) *)$187, *#82;,% $2 7#,2,8- :'7'-,>

?2*-,8%$2; 810'27% 0: /XQ 829 07#,- ;-,,2#0'%, ;8%,% $2 7#, 8710%6#,-, 866,8- 70 (, #8.$2;%'(%7827$8) $168*7% 02 7#, ,2.$-021,27 829 #'182 #,8)7# $2 8 .8-$,7G 0: 6)8*,% 02 7#, 6)82,78)-,89G> "#,%, $168*7% *0')9 $2*)'9, -$%$2; %,8 ),.,)%< 1,)7$2; 0: ;)8*$,-% 829 60)8- $*, *86%< 8)7,-,90*,82 *'--,27%< *)$187, 8)7,-87$02 829 =$9,- -82;,% :0- $2%,*7b(0-2, 9$%,8%,% 0: #'182% 829 *-06%>?2 E$%*02%$2< %01, $168*7% $2*)'9,< 0- *0')9 $2*)'9,< =8-1,- 829 9-$,- %'11,- =,87#,-< $2*-,8%,9:-,@',2*$,% 0: %,.,-, %70-1%< )0=,- =87,- ),.,)% $2 7#, C-,87 K8],% 829 $2)829 )8],% 829 %7-,81%<$2*-,8%,9 8.,-8;, =87,- 7,16,-87'-,%< *#82;,% $2 )0*8) ,*0%G%7,1% 829 %6,*$,% 606')87$02%< *#82;,%

M E$%> A91$2> /09, *#> WS VVD< `/027-0) 0: Z,-*'-G Y1$%%$02%aQ T,9,-8) 1,-*'-G 829 8$- 705$*% %78298-9% 3ZA"+4< 3 #776_^^===>,68>;0.^8$-@'8)$7G^60=,-6)827705$*% ̂4

D



$2 7#, :8-1 )829%*86, (,*8'%, 0: ,::,*7% 02 *-06 6-09'*7$.$7G< $2*-,8%,9 :0-,%7 :$-,%< -,9'*,9 %20=829 $*, *0.,- $2 =$27,-< 829 $2*-,8%,9 #,87 %7-,%% 829 10-78)$7G 8102; 6,06), $2 %'11,->

A7 7#$% 7$1,< COC% #8., (,,2 9,7,-1$2,9 70 (, 8$- 60))'7827% (G 7#, P>+> +'6-,1, /0'-7> A% %'*#<7#,G 8-, %'(\,*7 70 UWS 8$- 6,-1$7> "#, P>+> Y2.$-021,278) &-07,*7$02 A;,2*G 3Y&A4 $% *'--,27)G9,.,)06$2; %,68-87, %,7% 0: -'),% :0- -,;')87$2; ;-,,2#0'%, ;8%,% $2 ,5$%7$2; 60=,- 6)827% 829 $2:'7'-,< 2,= 60=,- 6)827%>R

"#,-, #8% (,,2 8 ;-0=$2; =0-)9b=$9, *02%,2%'% 8;-,,$2; =$7# 7#, ?27,-;0.,-21,278) &82,) 02/)$187, /#82;, 3?&//4 7#87 COC ,1$%%$02% 1'%7 (, -,9'*,9> O0= 70 90 $7 $% %7$)) 8 1877,- 0:9,(87,> X2, 1,7#09 1$;#7 $2.0)., *867'-$2; /XQ 87 7#, ,5#8'%7 %78*] 829 9,60%$7$2; $7 $2'29,-;-0'29 ;,0)0;$* :0-187$02%> /'--,27 -,%,8-*# $% $2.,%7$;87$2; =#,-, %'*# ;,0)0;$* :0-187$02%1$;#7 (, 829 #0= 70 0::%,7 7#, #$;# *0%7 0: 7#$% 1,7#09> ?7 866,8-% 7#87 7#,-, 8-, 20 %'*#:0-187$02% 6-8*7$*8(), $2 E$%*02%$2> A207#,- 1,7#09 (,$2; *02%$9,-,9 $% 7#, 6)827$2; 0: :0-,%7% 7078], '6 /XQ 829 ($29 7#, *8-(02< 0::%,77$2; $2*-,8%,% $2 /XQ ,1$%%$02%> O0=,.,-< $7 $% 207 )$],)G7#87 ,20';# 7-,,% *0')9 (, 6)827,9 70 %$;2$:$*827)G -,9'*, COC ),.,)% $2 7#, 8710%6#,-,< *,-78$2)G207 $2 7$1, 70 8.0$9 *)$187, *#82;,> A 7#$-9 =8G 70 -,9'*, COC ,1$%%$02% =0')9 (, 70 -,9'*,:0%%$) :',)b:$-,9 60=,- 6)827 ;,2,-87$02 =$7# $2*-,8%,9 $29'%7-$8)< *011,-*$8) 829 -,%$9,27$8) ,2,-;G,::$*$,2*G 30- *02%,-.87$024 829 (G ;,2,-87$02 0: ,),*7-$*$7G '%$2; -,2,=8(), -,%0'-*,% %'*# 8% =$29

60=,-< %0)8- 60=,-< 0- 60%%$()G %#0-7b7,-1 *)0%,9b)006 ($018%% 60=,- 6)827 %G%7,1%> E$7#*02%,-.87$02 829 -,2,=8(), -,%0'-*,% :0- ,2,-;G< 1,7#09% 8-, 8)%0 (,$2; -,%,8-*#,9 )00]$2; :0- =8G% 70 ,57-8*7 /XQ :-01 7#, 8710%6#,-,> "#, 6-8*7$*8)$7G< :,8%$($)$7G 829 6-'9,2*, 0: 8)) 0: 7#,%,1,7#09% 8-, (,$2; $2.,%7$;87,9>

8#$)& 9%#1$2$3

Z82G 60=,- 6)827% '%, =87,- :-01 )8],%< -$.,-%< 1'2$*$68) =87,- '7$)$7$,%< 0- ;-0'29=87,- 8@'$:,-%>+'-:8*, =87,- $% 0:7,2 '%,9 :0- 6)827 *00)$2;< 829 ;-0'29=87,- $% 0:7,2 '%,9 :0- 6)827 6-0*,%%,%>

/00)$2; 70=,-% 8-, 0:7,2 '7$)$c,9 70 *029,2%, 7#, %7,81 6-09'*,9 $2 60=,- 6)827 06,-87$02< 10.$2;7#, #,87 (G *0278*7 $2 7#, 70=,-% =$7# ,$7#,- 8$- 0- 8 %,68-87, =87,- %'66)G> "#, )8-;, =87,-b*00)$2;70=,-% ,.860-87, )8-;, @'827$7$,% 0: =87,- $270 7#, 8710%6#,-,> "#, ,.860-87,9 =87,- $% )0%7 70 )0*8)%7-,81 :)0= 0- 7#, )0*8) ;-0'29=87,- 8@'$:,-> U,*-,8%,9 %7-,81 (8%, :)0= *82 89.,-%,)G 8::,*7%7-,81 10-6#0)0;G< #8($787< 8@'87$* 6)827 829 82$18) *011'2$7$,% 829 %6,*$,%< 829 6-0107, ;-0=7#0: 8);8, 829 2'$%82*, 0- $2.8%$., 8@'87$* 6)827%> K8],% *82 (, %$1$)8-)G 8::,*7,9> "#, UWS $%8'7#0-$c,9 70 -,;')87, *02%'167$., =87,- '%, $2 60=,- 6)827%>

?: 7#, =87,- '%,9 70 18], %7,81 :0- %7,81 7'-($2,% 0- 70 *00) 7#, %7,81 :0- -,'%, $2 7#, %G%7,1< =87,- $% 0:7,2 9-8=2 :-01 ;-0'29=87,- 8@'$:,-%> "#, 6'16$2; 0: )8-;, @'827$7$,% 0: ;-0'29=87,-*-,87,% 8 `*02, 0: 9,6-,%%$02a 8-0'29 7#, =,))< )0=,-$2; =87,- ),.,)% $2 7#, 8@'$:,- :0- %01,9$%782*, :-01 7#, =,))> "#$% *0')9 8::,*7 7#, 6-09'*7$.$7G 0: 1'2$*$68) 829 07#,- 2,8-(G =,))%< 829*0')9 8::,*7 7#, .$8($)$7G 0: ;-0'29=87,-b9,6,29,27 -,%0'-*,% $2 7#, 8-,8< %'*# 8% )8],%< =,7)829%<%6-$2;%< 829 %7-,81%>

&0=,- 6)827% -,6)8*, =87,- 6,-1,8(), %0$)% 829 %'(b%0$)% =$7# $16,-1,8(), %'-:8*,% %'*# 8%-00:706%< *02*-,7, 689%< 829 68-]$2; )07%> "#, $2*-,8%,9 $16,-1,8(), %'-:8*, 8-,8 -,9'*,% 7#, 8-,8 =#,-, =87,- *82 $2:$)7-87, $270 7#, ;-0'29 70 -,*#8-;, 7#, 8@'$:,-% 829 ;-0'29=87,- %'66)$,%> E#,-,$7 $% *867'-,9< $7% ,2,-;G 1'%7 (, 9$%%$687,9 %0 7#87 $7 *82 %08] $270 7#, 8@'$:,- (,)0=> ?: $7 $% $2%7,89-,-0'7,9 70 %'-:8*, =87,-%< 7#, =87,- )0%7 *0')9 8)%0 #8., 89.,-%, ,::,*7% 02 )0*8) 8@'$:,-% 7#87

R Y&A< `/),82 A$- A*7 &,-1$77$2; :0- C-,,2#0'%, C8%,%<a 3 #776_^^===>,68>;0.^2%-^;#;6,-1$77$2;>#71) 4

H



%'660-7 =,7)829%< %6-$2;%< 829 %7-,81 (8%,b:)0=< 829 $7 *0')9 #8., 89.,-%, ,::,*7% 02 7#, 60=,-6)827[% ;-0'29=87,- %'66)G>

"#, UWS 102$70-% =87,- *02%'167$02 0: )8-;, 60=,- 6)827% 829 *82 6'7 6,-1$7 *029$7$02% 02 86)827[% '%, 0: %'-:8*, =87,- %0 7#87 7#, %'-:8*, =87,- 829 ($0)0;$*8) 9$.,-%$7G 8-, 6-07,*7,9 $2 6,-$09%0: #07 =,87#,- 829 287'-8))G )0= =87,- ),.,)%> ?7 8)%0 #8% 8 6,-1$7 6-0*,%% :0- #$;#b*868*$7G =,))%< 70-,;')87, 7#, =$7#9-8=8) 829 *02%'167$02 0: =87,- :-01 7#, 8@'$:,-% 7#87 %'66)G )0*8) 1'2$*$68)

=,))%> W02b1'2$*$68) =,)) 6-09'*7$.$7G $% 207 6-07,*7,9 (G 7#$% 6,-1$7 6-0*,%%>

8#$)& 9%#'2$3

&0=,- 6)827% 1'%7 9$%*#8-;, 0- 9$%60%, 0: 6-0*,%% =87,- %01,6)8*,> U$%*#8-;, )0*87$02% -82;,:-01 %7-,81% 0- )8],% 70 )0*8) 1'2$*$68) %,=,- %G%7,1% 7#87 ,.,27'8))G 9$%*#8-;, $270 %7-,81% 0-)8],%> "0 #829), 7#, 9$%*#8-;,< %'-:8*, =87,-% 0- %,=,- 7-,871,27 %G%7,1% 1'%7 (, 8(), 70 8(%0-( =87,- 7#87 #8% (,,2 8)7,-,9 (G 7#, 899$7$02 0: #,87< 8*$9%< 0- %8)7%> K8-;,- =87,- (09$,% 0- %7-,81%1$;#7 (, 8(), 70 8**,67 10-, 0: 7#$% 8)7,-,9 =87,- (,*8'%, 0: 7#,$- %$c, 829 .0)'1, 0- (,*8'%, 7#,G#8., =87,- *0278$2$2; %0)'7,% 7#87 *82 ('::,- 7#, 899,9 *#,1$*8)%< 0- 7#,G 1$;#7 207> "#,$- 8($)$7G70 90 7#$% =0')9 #8., 70 (, 109,),9 829 *8)*')87,9>

&0))'7$02 829 60))'7827% 9$%*#8-;,9 70 %'-:8*, =87,- :-01 60=,- 6)827% *82 -,%')7 $2 89.,-%, =87,-

@'8)$7G ,::,*7%> +01, 60=,- 6)827% '%, ̀ 02*,b7#-0';# *00)$2;>a ?2 02*,b7#-0';# *00)$2;< *00)$2; =87,- $% 9-8=2 :-01 7#, )8], 0- -$.,- 829 '%,9 70 *029,2%, 7#, %7,81 :0- -,*G*)$2; 7#-0';# 7#,6)827> "#, =87,- '%,9 :0- *00)$2; 6$*]% '6 #,87 :-01 7#, %7,81 829 $% 7#,2 -,7'-2,9 70 7#, )8], 0--$.,- 87 8 =8-1,- 7,16,-87'-,> ?168*7% 0: 7#$% 7,*#20)0;G *0')9 $2*)'9, 7#, =8-1$2; 0: 7#, )8], 0--$.,- 2,8- 7#, 9$%*#8-;, 60$27< 607,27$8))G 8::,*7$2; 7,16,-87'-,b%,2%$7$., 6)827%< :$%#< 1$*-0($8)8*7$.$7$,%< 0- *#,1$*8) 829 6#G%$*8) -,8*7$02% $2 7#, =87,-> Y.,2 =$7# *00)$2; 70=,-% $2%7,89 0: 02*,b7#-0';# *00)$2;< 9$%*#8-;,9 6-0*,%% =87,- 7#87 $% =8-1,- 7#82 81($,27 =87,- 7,16,-87'-,% *82 8)7,-7#, )0*8) :$%#,-G *0160%$7$02< 8@'87$* 18*-0$2.,-7,(-87, 3(';%4 *011'2$7$,%< 829 8@'87$* 6)827*011'2$7$,%> +'-:8*, =87,- 60))'7827% *82 (, 78],2 '6 (G 8@'87$* %6,*$,% -,%')7$2; $2 9$%,8%,% 829:$%# *02781$287$02>

&0=,- 6)827 9$%*#8-;, =87,- 1'%7 (, *),82,9< :$)7,-,9< 829 6-0*,%%,9 (,:0-, (,$2; 9$%*#8-;,9> ?71'%7 (, -,)87$.,)G 2,'7-8) 829 *8--G 8% )$77), #,87 0- 2,=)Gb9$%%0).,9 187,-$8)% 8% 60%%$(),> +01,1$2'7, 810'27 0: 60))'7827%< %'*# 8% 1,-*'-G< 18G -,18$2 $2 7#, 60=,- 6)827 9$%*#8-;, =87,- ,.,28:7,- 7-,871,27> "#, UWS -,;')87,% 9$%*#8-;,% $270 %787, =87,-% 7#-0';# E$%*02%$2 &0))'7$02U$%*#8-;, Y)$1$287$02 +G%7,1 3E&UY+4 6,-1$7%> "#-0';# 7#,%, 6,-1$7%< 9$%%0).,9 0- %'%6,29,9187,-$8)% 829 #,87 :-01 60=,- 6)827% 8-, )$1$7,9 829 102$70-,9> T0- 8 9,%*-$67$02 0: 7#, E&UY+6-0;-81< ;0 70 7#, UWS =,( %$7,_ #776_^^92->=$>;0.^706$*^=8%7,=87,->

/02%7-'*7$02 0: 82 ,),*7-$* 60=,- 6)827 =$)) ,560%, )8-;, 8-,8% 0: (8-, ;-0'29> K,:7 '21828;,9< %0$)829 82G 8778*#,9 2'7-$,27% 0- 60))'7827% *82 (, =8%#,9 :-01 *02%7-'*7$02 %$7,% $270 2,8-(G )8],%<%7-,81% 829 =,7)829% 9'-$2; %70-1 ,.,27% 0- %6-$2; 7#8=%> P%, 0: ,-0%$02 *027-0) (,%7 1828;,1,276-8*7$*,% *82 )$1$7 7#, 810'27 0: %,9$1,27 829 60))'7827% 7#87 =0')9 07#,-=$%, (, =8%#,9 0::%$7,> A *02%7-'*7$02 %$7, ,-0%$02 *027-0) 6)82 =0')9 1$2$1$c, %0$) ,-0%$02< %,9$1,2787$02< 829 7-82%60-70: 60))'7827% :-01 7#, *02%7-'*7$02 %$7, 9'-$2; 829 8:7,- %70-1 ,.,27%>

A 60=,- 6)827 %$7, 6-,%,27% *#8)),2;,% :-01 '2*027-0)),9 %70-1=87,- -'20:: 8:7,- $7 $% *02%7-'*7,9> E87,- -'22$2; 0:: -00:706%< 68-]$2; )07%< *08) 6$),% 829 07#,- %0'-*,% *82 *8--G 8 .8-$,7G 0:60))'7827% 70 %'-:8*, =87,-> UWS %70-1=87,- -,@'$-,1,27% $2*)'9, 9,.,)061,27 829$16),1,2787$02 0: 8 %70-1=87,- 1828;,1,27 6)82 =#0%, 6'-60%, $% 70 1$2$1$c, 60))'7827% 829,5*,%% %70-1=87,- :-01 ),8.$2; 7#, %$7,> "#, 60=,- 6)827 9,%$;2 1'%7 1$2$1$c, %0$) ,-0%$02<%,9$1,2787$02< 829 7-82%60-7 0: 60))'7827% 9'-$2; %70-1%> "#, UWS -,;')87,% *02%7-'*7$02 %$7, 829

I



60%7 *02%7-'*7$02 %70-1=87,- -'20:: @'827$7$,% 829 @'8)$7G 7#-0';# $7% 6,-1$77$2; 6-0*,%%,%3 #776_^^92->=$>;0.^706$*^%70-1=87,- 4>

A$- 60))'7827% ,1$77,9 :-01 60=,- 6)827% *82 8)%0 89.,-%,)G 8::,*7 %'-:8*, =87,-%> A$- 9,60%$7$02 0:2$7-0;,2 *0160'29% *82 ),89 70 0- 8**,),-87, )8], ,'7-06#$*87$02> "#$% *82 -,%')7 $2 )8-;, 8);8,()001% 7#87 *82 9,6),7, 05G;,2 ),.,)% $2 =87,-% ]$))$2; 8@'87$* 0-;82$%1%> A*$9 9,60%$7$02 *8'%,960=,- 6)827 ,1$77,9 8$-(0-2, 60))'7827% $% 8)%0 8 6-0(),1 $2 =87,- (09$,% 7#87 8-, 287'-8))G 10-,

8*$9$*> Z82G )8],% $2 20-7#,-2 E$%*02%$2 8-, $2 7#$% *87,;0-G> A*$9 9,60%$7$02 *82 *8'%, 8 9,*)$2,$2 8@'87$* 6)827% 829 1$*-00-;82$%1%< 8::,*7$2; :$%# %6,*$,% 606')87$02% 829 9$.,-%$7G> Z,-*'-G 8)%0*82 (, 9,60%$7,9 :-01 7#, 8710%6#,-,> Y5*,%% 1,-*'-G 9,60%$7,9 $2 *,-78$2 7G6,% 0: )8],% #8%(,*01, 1,7#G) 1,-*'-G 829 ),9 70 :$%# *02%'167$02 89.$%0-$,%>

8)$'#1:*

E,7)829% 0**'- $2 182G 9$::,-,27 :0-1% 829 %,-., .$78) :'2*7$02%> "#,%, :'2*7$02% $2*)'9, %70-$2;-'20::< -,;,2,-87$2; ;-0'29=87,-< :$)7,-$2; %,9$1,27% 829 60))'7827%< %,-.$2; 8% %68=2$2; 8-,8% :0-%01, :$%# %6,*$,%< 829 6-0.$9$2; #8($787 :0- =$)9)$:,> &0=,- 6)827% =$7# 8 )8-;, *02%7-'*7$02:0076-$27 0:7,2 -,@'$-, 7#, :$))$2; 0- 9-8$2$2; 0: %01, =,7)829%> Y.,2 $: 8 =,7)829 $% 207 :$)),9 0-9-8$2,9< *02%7-'*7$02 8*7$.$7$,% 2,8- =,7)829% *82 9818;, =,7)829% $2 %,.,-8) =8G%> T0- ,5816),_

•

O,8.G 18*#$2,-G *82 *-'%# =,7)829 .,;,787$02< ,%6,*$8))G 7#87 ;-0=$2; 02 *8%%0*]%>

•

E,7)829 %0$)%< ,%6,*$8))G .,-G 6,87G %0$)%< *82 (, ,8%$)G *0168*7,9< $2*-,8%$2; -'20::< 829-,9'*$2; 7#, =,7)829[% =87,- #0)9$2; *868*$7G>

• "#, *02%7-'*7$02 0: 60=,- 6)827 8**,%% -089% 7#-0';# =,7)829% *82 *#82;, 7#, @'827$7G 0-9$-,*7$02 0: =87,- :)0=< *8'%$2; 6,-182,27 9818;, 70 =,7)829 %0$)% 829 .,;,787$02>

"#,%,< 829 07#,- $168*7% 0: 60=,- 6)827%< *82 %,.,-,)G 8::,*7 =,7)829% :'2*7$028) .8)',%> +01,,5816),% 0: $168*7% 8-, )0%% 0: =,7)829 6)827 %6,*$,%< 9,*)$2, $2 %6,*$,% 9$.,-%$7G< )0%% 0: #8($7872,,9,9 (G 82$18) %6,*$,% 70 %'-.$.,< 8 %6-,89 0: $2.8%$., %6,*$,%< 829 8)7,-87$02 0: 7#, =,7)829#G9-0)0;$* -,;$1,>

C,2,-8))G< %$7,% =$7# 20 =,7)829% 0- 20 607,27$8) :0- 89.,-%, =,7)829 ,::,*7% 8-, 6-,:,--,9 :0- 60=,-6)827 *02%7-'*7$02> +$7,% =$7# #$;# @'8)$7G =,7)829% 0- )8-;, =,7)829% 8-, ),%% 9,%$-8(), (,*8'%, 0:7#, 607,27$8) 89.,-%, $168*7 02 8 =,7)829 829 $7% :'2*7$028) .8)',%>

&07,27$8) 89.,-%, $168*7% 70 =,7)829% %#0')9 (, 8.0$9,9> "#, UWS 829 7#, P>+> A-1G /0-6% 0:Y2;$2,,-% (07# -,;')87, 8*7$.$7$,% 8::,*7$2; =,7)829% 7#-0';# 7#,$- 6,-1$7 6-0*,%%,%3 #776_^^92->=$>;0.^706$*^E87,-=8G%^*02%7-'*7$02^=,7)829%>#71) 4>

;#1: #1: <+2'

U$::,-,27 60=,- 6)827 7G6,% 829 9,%$;2% #8., 8 =$9, -82;, 0: )829 -,@'$-,1,27%> /08)b:$-,9 60=,-6)827% 2,,9 )829 207 02)G :0- (0$),-% 829 7'-($2,% ('7 8)%0 :0- -8$) )$2,%< *08) %70-8;, 6$),%< 829 8%#)829:$))%> W'*),8- 60=,- 6)827% 18G 2,,9 %6,*$:$* 8-,8% :0- %6,*$8)$c,9 9-G *8%] %70-8;, 0: %6,27 :',)

-09%> W87'-8) ;8%b:$-,9 6)827% ;,2,-8))G 2,,9 ),%% %68*, 7#82 *08) 0- 2'*),8- 6)827%< ('7 2,,9 8 )8-;,287'-8) ;8% %'66)G )$2, 829 %01,7$1,% 8 )8-;, 782] 0: 0$) :0- (8*]'6 :',)> ?: 8 6)827 6-09'*,% %7,81829 7#, %7,81 $% %0)9 70 07#,- $29'%7-$,% 2,8-(G 3*0;,2,-87$024< 8 )8-;, %7,81 )$2, =0')9 #8., 70 (,$2%78)),9 829 ,57,29,9 0'7 0: 7#, 60=,- 6)827 (0'298-G 70 7#, %7,81 '%,-> ?: 8 6-060%,9 60=,-6)827 $% ,56,*7,9 70 (, ,56829,9 $2 7#, :'7'-,< 7#, )829 8-,8 1'%7 (, )8-;, ,20';# 70 8**0110987,7#, 899$7$028) :8*$)$7$,%>

J



&0=,- 6)827% 6-060%,9 02 %$7,% =#,-, 7#,G 8-, )0*8))G 6,-*,$.,9 70 (, `0'7 0: 6)8*,a 1$;#7 %,,] 706'-*#8%, 899$7$028) )829 8% 8 ('::,-> "#, %'--0'29$2; ('::,- )829 =0')9 6-,.,27 2,= 2,$;#(0-%:-01 )0*87$2; 700 2,8- 7#, 6)827> "#$% ('::,- *0')9 1$2$1$c, .$%'8) 829 20$%, ,::,*7% (G $2*-,8%$2;9$%782*,% 70 2,8-(G #01,%> E$%*02%$2[% 2'*),8- 60=,- 6)827% #8., )8-;, 8*-,8;,% 70 ('::,- (,7=,,27#, 6)827% 829 7#, %'--0'29$2; *011'2$7$,%> e'::,- )829 1$;#7 8)%0 (, 2,,9,9 70 $2*-,8%, 60=,-6)827 9$%782*, :-01 ($0)0;$*8))G $160-7827 287'-8) *011'2$7$,%> A99$7$028) ('::,- )829 =0')9$2*-,8%, 7#, )829 8-,8 2,,9,9 :0- 7#, 60=,- 6)827 6-0\,*7> +$2*, ('::,- )829 =0')9 (, 18$278$2,9 8%

8 `287'-8)a ('::,-< 7#, $168*7 02 7#87 68-7$*')8- 8*-,8;, 0: )829 *0')9 (, @'$7, 60%$7$.,< 8% 8*02%,-.$2; $168*7>

?: 7#, 6)827 $% ('$)7 02 )829 7#87 $% 207 ),.,)< ,57,2%$., ,8-7#b10.$2; 829 9$;;$2; 8*7$.$7$,% 18G (,2,*,%%8-G> +0$) ,-0%$02 829 %,9$1,2787$02 $270 2,8-(G =87,-% 0- =,7)829% $% 8 -$%]> +0$) =0')9 2,,970 (, -,9$%7-$('7,9 0- 7-82%60-7,9 70 8207#,- )0*87$02 829 6-06,-)G 1828;,9> T0- *011,-*$8):8*$)$7$,%< 7#, UWS -,;')87,% ,-0%$02 87 *02%7-'*7$02 %$7,% (G -,@'$-$2; 82 866-0.,9 %0$) ,-0%$02*027-0) 6)82 $: *02%7-'*7$02 8*7$.$7$,% =$)) ,5*,,9 02, 8*-, 3%,, 7#, =87,- @'8)$7G 9$%*'%%$02 8(0.,4>

=)>)$#$2+1

L,;,787$02 $168*7% *82 (, 0: 7=0 (8%$* ]$29%_

•

U$-,*7 $168*7% 0: .,;,787$02 -,10.8) 0- 9818;, 9'-$2; *02%7-'*7$02>

•

?29$-,*7 $168*7% 02 .,;,787$02 :-01 8$- 60))'7$02 0- %'-:8*, =87,- $168*7% *8'%,9 (G 7#,60=,- 6)827>

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

S,10.$2; 0- =,8],2$2; 7#, .,;,787$02 02 8 60=,- 6)827 %$7, *0')9 #8., 82 ,::,*7 02 7#, .,;,787$02*011'2$7$,% $2 7#, %'--0'29$2; )829%*86,> ?: 7#, 8::,*7,9 .,;,787$02 $% -8-,< '2$@', 0- )0*8))G$160-7827< 7#, )0%% 0: $7% *027-$('7$02 70 7#, %,,9 0- ;,2, 600) 1$;#7 #8., 82 ,::,*7 02 7#,%'--0'29$2; .,;,787$02 *011'2$7$,%> "#,-, *0')9 (, 89.,-%, ,::,*7% 02 7#, $2%,*7%< =$)9)$:, 0-07#,- 0-;82$%1% 7#87 9,6,29 02 7#, .,;,787$02 8% 8 %0'-*, 0: :009 :0- $2%,*7%< =$)9)$:,< 0- 07#,-0-;82$%1%> W02b287$., 6)827 %6,*$,% $27-09'*,9 0- 6-0107,9 (G *02%7-'*7$02 9$%7'-(82*, *0')9%6-,89 829 ,2*-08*# $270 07#,- 2,8-(G 287'-8) 6)827 *011'2$7$,%>

&0=,- 6)827% ,1$7 8$- 60))'7827% 829 =87,- .860- 8% :0; $270 7#, 8710%6#,-, 7#87 *0')9 8::,*7 7#,;-0=7# 829 %'-.$.8) 0: *,-78$2 .,;,787$02 *011'2$7$,%> +01, 60))'7827% 8-, 705$2% 0- 6-0107,9$%,8%,% 7#87 9818;, 0- ]$)) 6)827%> /02.,-%,)G< 7#, 60))'7827% *0')9 6-0.$9, 2'7-$,27% 70 7#, 6)827%<)$], :,-7$)$c,- :-01 7#, 8$-> T0; :-01 *00)$2; 70=,-% *0')9 *#82;, 7#, 10$%7'-, -,;$1, %0 7#87 %01,6)827% #8., 8 *016,7$7$., 89.8278;, 0.,- 07#,-% :-01 9$::,-,2*,% $2 7#, 8($)$7G 70 '7$)$c, 7#,10$%7'-, 0- 70 -,%$%7 :'2;8) 9$%,8%,>

L,;,787$02 $2 %'-:8*, =87,-% *0')9 8)%0 (, 8::,*7,9< 0- )0%7< (G *02%7-'*7$02 0: =87,- $278], 0-9$%*#8-;, :8*$)$7$,%< (G 7#, -,10.8) 0: =87,- 3$278],4 :0- 60=,- 6)827 6-0*,%%,%< 0- (G 7#, 287'-, 0: =8%7, =87,- 9$%*#8-;,9 (G 7#, 60=,- 6)827 $270 7#, =87,-(09G>

MN



82':'2?)

?168*7% 70 .,;,787$02 *0')9 *-,87, 8 *#8$2 0: =$)9)$:, $168*7%> ?168*7% 02 )0*8) 0- 1$;-87$2; =$)9)$:,*0')9 0**'- =#,2 7#,$- #8($787 829 %0'-*, 0: :009 $% -,10.,9 0- 9818;,9> "#, :009 %0'-*, *0')9(, 7#, .,;,787$02 $7%,): 0- (';%< 82$18)%< ($-9%< 0- 0-;82$%1% 7#87 -,)G 02 7#, .,;,787$02 :0- :009>W,%7$2; 829 9,2 8-,8% =0')9 (, 9,%7-0G,9>

/02%7-'*7$02 0: 8 2,= 60=,- 6)827 *0')9 9$%6)8*, *,-78$2 %6,*$,% 0: =$)9)$:, 829 877-8*7 07#,-

%6,*$,%> K0%% 0: #8($787 :0- 6-8$-$, 0- =009)829 %6,*$,% *0')9 0**'-< 829 #8($787 :0- `,9;, %6,*$,%a829 `;,2,-8)$%7%a *0')9 (, *-,87,9> Y9;, %6,*$,% 829 ;,2,-8)$%7% *82 7#-$., 0- %'-.$., 02 7#, #8($787*-,87,9 (G 7#, *02%7-'*7$02 9$%7'-(82*, 0- 7#, 2,= ('$)9$2;% 829 )829%*86$2;> +6,*$,% 7#87 -,)$,9%6,*$:$*8))G 02 7#, 0-$;$28) 287'-8) #8($787 1$;#7 207 %'-.$., 0- 1$;#7 2,,9 70 ),8., 7#, 8-,8>Z$;-870-G %6,*$,% 7#87 9,6,29,9 02 7#, 0-$;$28) )0*8) #8($787 :0- -,%7$2;< :,,9$2;< 0- -,6-09'*7$02 =0')9 #8., 70 :$29 2,= 6)8*,% :0- 7#,%, 8*7$.$7$,%> e$-9% *0')9 8)%0 (, ]$)),9 0'7-$;#7 (G %7-$]$2; 78))60=,- 6)827 %7-'*7'-,% 0- 2,= 60=,- )$2,%>

T$%#< 1'%%,)%< 829 07#,- 8@'87$* )$:, $2 %'-:8*, =87,- (09$,% 829 %7-,81% *0')9 8)%0 (, 8::,*7,9 (G60=,- 6)827 *02%7-'*7$02 0- 06,-87$02< 68-7$*')8-)G 7#, *02%7-'*7$02 829 06,-87$02 0: =87,- $278], 0-9$%*#8-;, :8*$)$7$,%< 0- 7#, 9-,9;$2; 0: (8-;, '2)089$2; 8-,8%> T$%# 829 07#,- 8@'87$* 0-;82$%1%*0')9 ;,7 9-8=2 $270 =87,- $278], %G%7,1%> /08) 6$), 829 *08) 9'%7 -'20:: *0')9 *8'%, 6-0(),1% $:8*$9% 829 9$%%0).,9 705$* 1,78)% 8-, 9,60%$7,9 $2 %'-:8*, =87,-> K0%% 0: :,,9$2;< -,%7$2;< 0--,6-09'*7$., #8($787 *0')9 #8-1 8 -$.,- 0- )8], %6,*$,%[ 8($)$7G 70 %'-.$.,>

@&+$),$): </),2)*

A 2'1(,- 0: %6,*$,% 0: 6)827%< ($-9%< 18118)%< -,67$),%< $2%,*7%< *-'%78*,82%< 829 :$%# 8-, )$%7,9 =$7#7#, P>+> T$%# 829 E$)9)$:, +,-.$*, 0- 7#, UWS 8% ,̀2982;,-,9a 0- `7#-,87,2,9a %6,*$,%> "#,%,%6,*$,% #8., %18)) 606')87$02% 7#87 8-, 68-7$*')8-)G .')2,-8(), 70 #8($787 9$%7'-(82*, 0- 9,%7-'*7$02>+6,*$,% 829 287'-8) *011'2$7$,% )$%7,9 8% ,2982;,-,9 829 7#-,87,2,9 8-, 8*7$.,)G 7-8*],9 (G 7#,UWS

E$%*02%$2 8)%0 )$%7% `%6,*$8) *02*,-2a %6,*$,%> "#,%, 8-, %6,*$,% 8(0'7 =#$*# %01, 6-0(),1 0:

8('2982*, 0- 9$%7-$('7$02 $% %'%6,*7,9 ('7 207 G,7 6-0.,9> "#, 18$2 6'-60%, 0: 7#$% )$%7 $% 70 :0*'%877,27$02 02 *,-78$2 %6,*$,% (,:0-, 7#,G (,*01, 7#-,87,2,9 0- ,2982;,-,9> Z0%7 8-, 8*7$.,)G7-8*],9>

?: 8 )0*8) 606')87$02 0: 8 )$%7,9 %6,*$,% =0')9 (, -,9'*,9 0- )0%7< 7#87 =0')9 *02%7$7'7, 8 `78]$2;a'29,- 7#, )8=< 829 7#, 60=,- 6)827 9,.,)06,- =0')9 2,,9 70 8($9, (G 7#, 8;,2*G[% -,;')870-G-,@'$-,1,27% 70 8.0$9 0- -,9'*, 7#, 89.,-%, ,::,*7% 02 7#87 %6,*$,%> "#, 60=,- 6)827 9,.,)06,-1'%7 *02%')7 =$7# UWS Y2982;,-,9 S,%0'-*,% %78:: 8% 68-7 0: $7% -,;')870-G 866)$*87$029,.,)061,27 6-0*,%%,%< 829 $7 1'%7 :0))0= UWS 9$-,*7$02 70_

• U,7,-1$2, $: 82G 6-07,*7,9 %6,*$,% 0- %6,*$,% 0: %6,*$8) *02*,-2 8-, 6-,%,27>

• &-07,*7 7#0%, %6,*$,% 9'-$2; 7#, *02%7-'*7$02 829 06,-87$02 0: 7#, 60=,- 6)827>

A2*$+&2,#' #1: 5&,B#)+'+>2,#' <2$)*

O$%70-$* ('$)9$2;%< ('-$8) ;-0'29%< 8-*#,0)0;$*8) %$7,%< *')7'-8) 8-,8%< 829 W87$., A1,-$*82 %8*-,98-,8% 8-, 8)) *02%$9,-,9 `#$%70-$* 6-06,-7$,%a (G 7#, E$%*02%$2 O$%70-$*8) +0*$,7G 3EO+4 829 8-,7-,87,9 8% %,2%$7$., 829 .')2,-8(), -,%0'-*,%>

P29,- 7#, 287$028) 829 %787, O$%70-$* &-,%,-.87$02 A*7%< 7#, :,9,-8) 829 %787, ;0.,-21,27% 7-G 706-07,*7 #$%70-$* 829 8-*#,0)0;$*8) %$7,%< 829 8)%0 $9,27$:G *')7'-8) 8-,8% 829 W87$., A1,-$*82 %8*-,9

MM



6)8*,% 8% 6-07,*7,9 -,%0'-*,%> "#,%, -,%0'-*,% 8-, $160-7827 829 $2*-,8%$2;)G -8-, 700)% :0- ),8-2$2;8(0'7 7#, 68%7> +01, 8)%0 #8., -,)$;$0'% %$;2$:$*82*,> &0=,- 6)827 *02%7-'*7$02 *82 9818;, 7#,%,-,%0'-*,% =#,-,.,- %0$)% 8-, 9$%7'-(,9 0- =#,-, #,8.G ,@'$61,27 $% '%,9< (G_

•

U$;;$2; 7#,1 0'7>

• e-,8]$2; 0- *-'%#$2; 7#,1>

•

Z$5$2; 7#,1 $2 7#, %'(b%0$) %0 7#87 7#, 8($)$7G 70 987, 7#,1 $% )0%7>

• Y560%$2; 7#,1 70 ,-0%$02 0- 7#, ,),1,27% (G '6-007$2; 7-,,% 829 *),8-$2; 7#, )829>

• Z8]$2; 7#, %$7,% 10-, 8**,%%$(), 70 .8298)%>

"#, EO+ #8% 7#, 6-$18-G -,%602%$($)$7G $2 E$%*02%$2 :0- 6-07,*7$2; 8-*#,0)0;$*8) 829 #$%70-$*-,%0'-*,%> ?7 1828;,% 8 9878(8%, 7#87 *0278$2% -,*0-9% 0: ]20=2 `#$%70-$* 6-06,-7$,%a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

&-,%,-.87$02 A*7> "#$% :,9,-8) )8= $% 10-, %7-$2;,27 829 18G -,@'$-, :$,)9 8-*#,0)0;$*8) %'-.,G =0-]70 9,7,-1$2, $: 7#,-, 8-, 82G G,7b'2]20=2 -,%0'-*,% 7#87 *0')9 (, 8::,*7,9>

+01,7$1,% 20 #$%70-$* 0- 8-*#,0)0;$*8) -,%0'-*,% 8-, 9$%*0.,-,9 $2 7#, 9878(8%, ('7 82 8-*#,0)0;$*8)%$7, $% ,2*0'27,-,9 9'-$2; 7#, 8*7'8) *02%7-'*7$02> ?: 7#$% #866,2%< 7#, 6-0\,*7 9,.,)06,- 1'%7 %706*02%7-'*7$02 87 7#87 %$7, 829 207$:G 7#, EO+ 829 &+/> "#,2< 7#, 6-0\,*7 1'%7 :0))0= 7#, EO+-,*011,2987$02% :0- 1828;$2; 0- 1$2$1$c$2; 7#, 607,27$8) $168*7% 70 7#, 8-*#,0)0;$*8) %$7,>

Community Resources Impacts

;#1: 4*) 0+./#$272'2$3

A*7$., 0- .8*827 $29'%7-$8) )829% 8-, .$,=,9 8% (,$2; 10-, *01687$(), =$7# 60=,- 6)827 6-0\,*7%>P-(82 0- %'('-(82 -,%$9,27$8) )829% 8-, 0:7,2 %,,2 8% ),%% *01687$(),> e,G029 7#,%, )829% 8-, 7#,-'-8)< 10-, 06,2 )829% )$], :8-1)829 0- 0)9 8(82902,9 :8-1 :$,)9%< =#$*# 8-, ;,2,-8))G %,,2 8%*01687$(), ('7 =$7# 8 ;-,87 9,8) 0: )0*8) $168*7 607,27$8)> K0*8) )829 '%, -,;')87$02% 829 6)82% *829$-,*7 9,.,)06,-% 70 )0*87$02% =#,-, 8 60=,- 6)827 =0')9 (, 10-, *01687$(), =$7# *'--,27 8296)822,9 )829 '%,%> U,6,29$2; 02 7#, 7G6, 0: 60=,- 6)827 (,$2; 6)822,9< 7#, 6-,%,2*, 0: ,5$%7$2;287'-8) ;8% 6$6,)$2,%< -8$)-089 )$2,%< ,),*7-$* 7-82%1$%%$02 )$2,% 829 %'::$*$,27 =87,- %'66)G 8-,9,%$-8(), 02 0- 89\8*,27 70 8 6-060%,9 60=,- 6)827 %$7,> K0*8) -,%$9,27% %#0')9 68-7$*$687, $2 7#,*01682G[% )0*8) %$7, %,8-*# 8*7$.$7$,%< $: 60%%$(),< 829 $2 7#, &+/[% 866)$*87$02 -,.$,= 6-0*,%% 7018], %'-, 7#,$- *02*,-2% 8-, *02%$9,-,9>

MQ



"#, )0*87$02 0: 8 60=,- 6)827 =$)) #8., 182G )0*8) *011'2$7G ,::,*7% 7#87 =$)) (, 0: $27,-,%7 0-*02*,-2> "#, 60=,- 6)827 9,.,)06,-% *82 ;87#,- )0*8) *02*,-2% 8(0'7 8 607,27$8) 60=,- 6)827 (G_

•

W07$2; @',%7$02% -8$%,9 (G )0*8) *$7$c,2% 829 0::$*$8)% 9'-$2; 6-$.87, 9$%*'%%$02% 829 6'()$*1,,7$2;%>

• S,*,$.$2; $26'7 :-01 7#, 6'()$* =#,2 *011,27% 8-, %0)$*$7,9>

•

Y581$2$2; 0-;82$c,9 0- 89.,-7$%,9 6'()$* %'660-7 0- 0660%$7$02 70 '%, 0: 8 68-7$*')8- %$7,>

+01, %$7,%< *8)),9 `(-0=2:$,)9a %$7,%< 18G (, *02781$287,9 :-01 ,8-)$,- $29'%7-$8) 0- *011,-*$8)'%,> ?: 7#, 60=,- 6)827 9,.,)06,- *82 *),82 '6 8 %$7, 6-$0- 70 *02%7-'*7$02 829 %7$)) *0%7b,::,*7$.,)G('$)9 7#, 60=,- 6)827< 7#, *011'2$7G 18G .$,= 7#$% 8% 8 (,2,:$7 ,.,2 7#0';# 7#, %$7, =$)) (, '%,9:0- 82 $29'%7-$8) :8*$)$7G>

5>&2,%'$%&)

T8-1)829%< 68-7$*')8-)G 6-$1, :8-1)829% 38-,8% #8.$2; 10-, :,-7$), %0$)%4< 8-, 8 .8)'8(), -,%0'-*,>/02%7-'*7$02 0: 60=,- 6)827 :8*$)$7$,% 02 )0*8) :8-1)829% =0')9 6,-182,27)G 78], 7#0%, :$,)9% 0'7 0:8;-$*')7'-8) 6-09'*7$02 829 *0')9 8::,*7 7#, ,*0201$* .$8($)$7G 0: 7#, :8-1 829< $29$-,*7)G< 7#, )0*8):8-1 *011'2$7G>

T8-1 :$,)9% 0'7%$9, 7#, 6-060%,9 60=,- 6)827 6-06,-7G *0')9 8)%0 (, 8::,*7,9< 87 ),8%7 7,160-8-$)G<(G *02%7-'*7$02 0: 82*$))8-G :8*$)$7$,% )$], 287'-8) ;8% 0- =87,- 6$6,)$2,% 0- ,),*7-$* 7-82%1$%%$02 )$2,%> "#, &+/ (-0*#'-,< ̀!"#$%&"'(")*+ -'.*/)0 &1 2%*"0'$00$&" 3$"(0 a 9,%*-$(,% =8G% 7#87 8 7-82%1$%%$02)$2, *82 8::,*7 :8-1 :$,)9% 829 :$,)9=0-]>

"#,-, 8-, 07#,- 60%%$(), 8;-$*')7'-, $168*7% 7#87 *0')9 0**'-> "#, :0; 0- %8)7% :-01 =87,- .860-:-01 *00)$2; 70=,-% 829 8$- 60))'7827% :-01 82 06,-87$2; 60=,- 6)827 %78*] *0')9 (, 9,60%$7,9 8298::,*7 7#, G$,)9 0- @'8)$7G 0: 2,8-(G *-06%> ?7 $% 8)%0 60%%$(), 7#87 20$%, 0- )$;#7 :-01 8 60=,- 6)827*0')9 9$%7'-( :8-1 :81$)$,% 0- -,9'*, 7#, 6-09'*7$.$7G 0: )0*8) :8-1 82$18)%>

(),&)#$2+1

S,*-,87$028) 8-,8% 8-, 6'()$* 0- 6-$.87, )829% 7#87 #8., 6'()$* '%, .8)',> "#,G =0')9 $2*)'9, 68-]%<#'27$2; ;-0'29%< 287'-8) 8-,8% =$7# 7-8$)%< 829 07#,- 9,%$;287,9 -,*-,87$028) )829%> ?: 7#, ,5$%7$2;)829 '%, 87 8 6-060%,9 60=,- 6)827 %$7, $% -,*-,87$02< 7#, -,*-,87$028) .8)', 0: 7#, %$7, =0')9 (,6,-182,27)G )0%7 0- 8)7,-,9 (G 7#, 2,= 60=,- 6)827> ?7 *0')9 8)%0 (, 9818;,9 (G 20$%,< ()0*],9 .$,=%< 0- 07#,- 8,%7#,7$* $168*7% 7#87 9,;-89, 0- -'$2 -,*-,87$028) ,56,-$,2*,> O0=,.,-< ,2#82*,9)829 1828;,1,27 0- #8($787 -,%70-87$02 70 6-0107, -,*-,87$02 *82 (, 68-7 0: 82 0.,-8)) 60=,- 6)827%$7, 9,%$;2 829 1828;,1,27 6)82 829 *82 %'**,,9 $: 902, 866-06-$87,)G>

@&+/)&$3 =#'%)*

"#, $168*7 0: 60=,- 6)827 *02%7-'*7$02 829 06,-87$02 02 89\8*,27 0- 2,8-(G 6-06,-7G .8)',% #8%(,,2 7#, %'(\,*7 0: 9$%*'%%$02 :0- 182G G,8-%> "#, $%%',% $2*)'9, 6,-*,$.,9 )0%% 0: .8)',< %7$;18 0:(,$2; )0*87,9 2,8- =#87 $% '%'8))G *02%$9,-,9 8 )0*8) '29,%$-8(), )829 '%,< 829 60%%$(), #,8)7#,::,*7%> T,= %*$,27$:$* %7'9$,% #8., (,,2 *029'*7,9 -,;8-9$2; 7#, 607,27$8) $168*7 0: 60=,- 6)827%02 89\8*,27 6-06,-7$,%[ .8)',%> A77$7'9$28) %'-.,G 9878 0:7,2 -,.,8)% 8 #$;# 6,-*,278;, 0:-,%6029,27% =#0< $: ;$.,2 8 *#0$*,< =0')9 6-,:,- 207 70 )$., 2,8- 60=,- 6)827%> O0=,.,-< 8*7'8)6-06,-7G .8)', $% *016-$%,9 0: 82 0:7,2 *016),5 %,7 0: 9,%$-8(), 829 '29,%$-8(), :8*70-%< $2*)'9$2;6-05$1$7G 829 @'8)$7G 0: %*#00)%< 7#, 877-8*7$.,2,%% 0: 7#, #0'%, 829 G8-9< 829 8**,%% 70 =0-] 829 70)0*8) 81,2$7$,%> "#, -,%,8-*# #8% 207 (,,2 *02*)'%$., (,*8'%, 0: 7#, 9$::$*')7G -,%,8-*#,-% #8., 0:8**0'27$2; :0- 8)) 0: 7#, .8-$8(),%> "#, :,= %7'9$,% 902, 70 987, #8., 207 %#0=2 8 *),8-< *02%$%7,27

MR



*0--,)87$02 (,7=,,2 60=,- 6)827 )0*87$02 829 -,9'*,9 6-06,-7G .8)',%> Z0-, -,%,8-*# 2,,9% 70 (,902, 70 89,@'87,)G 899-,%% 7#$% $%%',>

?: 6-06,-7G .8)',% 8-, 9818;,9 0- 9$%,8%, $% ,),.87,9 (G 8 60=,- 6)827[% 06,-87$02< 7#,-, *0')9 8)%0(, $%%',% 0: ,2.$-021,278) \'%7$*,> &,06), =$7# )0=,- $2*01,% *0')9 7-866,9 $2 )$.$2; %$7'87$02% 7#878-, 87 7#, 1,-*G 0: 7#, 60=,- 6)827[% )0*8) $168*7%>

C%$%&) D)E)'+/.)1$ A 2,= 60=,- 6)827 *82 *-,87, 0660-7'2$7$,% :0- :'7'-, 9,.,)061,27 $2 7#, *011'2$7G> +7,816-09'*7$02 1$;#7 6-0.$9, 0660-7'2$7$,% :0- 2,8-(G :8*$)$7$,% 7#87 *82 '%, 7#, %7,81 :0- 6-0*,%% =0-]0- #,87> "#, 8%# 6-09'*7$02 *82 6-0.$9, 8 %0'-*, 0: *02%7-'*7$02 187,-$8)%> "#, 6-,%,2*, 0: 8 2,=60=,- 6)827 *0')9 6-0.$9, 82 82*#0- :0- 2,= $29'%7-$8) 829 2,8-(G *011,-*$8) 9,.,)061,27< (07# .$%'8))G 829 8% 8 )0*8) ,16)0G,->

A)7,-287$.,)G< 8 2,= 60=,- 6)827 1$;#7 #8., 7#, ,::,*7 0: %)0=$2; 0- %7066$2; #0'%$2; 9,.,)061,27$2 $7% .$*$2$7G> ?7 8)%0 1$;#7 #8., 8 9816,2$2; ,::,*7 02 9,.,)061,27 6)82% :0- -,78$)< ,27,-78$21,27<-,*-,87$02< 829 -,%78'-827%>

A66-06-$87, )0*8) c02$2; 829 8 ;009 *016-,#,2%$., )829 '%, 1828;,1,27 6)82 *82 #,)6 8

*011'2$7G $2 9$-,*7$2; 8 60=,- 6)827 9,.,)06,- 70 8 %$7, #8.$2; 7#, 10%7 (,2,:$7 70 7#, *011'2$7G =#$), 1$2$1$c$2; ,2.$-021,278) \'%7$*, $168*7% 0- 82G 89.,-%, $168*7% 02 :'7'-, )0*8) 9,.,)061,27>

52& </#,)

"8)) 60=,- 6)827 %7-'*7'-,% %'*# 8% 7-82%1$%%$02 70=,-%< ,5#8'%7 %78*]%< 0- =$29 7'-($2,% *82 (,607,27$8) #8c8-9% 70 8$-*-8:7 877,167$2; 70 )829 0- 78], 0::> E#,7#,- 7#, 8$-60-7 $% 8 6'()$* :8*$)$7G 0-8 6-$.87, )829$2; %7-$6< 7#, %8:,7G 0: 7#, 6,06), $2 7#, 8$-*-8:7 1'%7 (, *02%$9,-,9> "#, ),.,) 0: %8:,7G*82 (, 18$278$2,9 (G ('$)9$2; 78)) 60=,- 6)827 %7-'*7'-,% $2 )0*87$02% *),8- 0: -'2=8G 8)$;21,27% 8298$-*-8:7 866-08*# 687#%< =#,-, 6)82,% -,9'*, 8)7$7'9, 829 7'-2 70 866-08*# 7#, -'2=8G 87 8 %8:,#,$;#7 829 %6,,9>

T,9,-8) ;'$9,)$2,% -,%7-$*7 7#, #,$;#7 0: %7-'*7'-,% 2,8- 6'()$* 8$-60-7% :0- %8:,7G -,8%02%> ?2 0-9,- 70*016)G =$7# 7#, ;0.,-21,27 ;'$9,)$2,%< 7#, %7-'*7'-,%[ 607,27$8) :0- $27,-:,-,2*, 1'%7 (, ,.8)'87,9(G 7#, T,9,-8) A.$87$02 A91$2$%7-87$02 3TAA4 829 E$%*02%$2 U,68-71,27 0: "-82%60-787$023E$%UX"4 e'-,8' 0: A,-028'7$*%>

?2 182G *8%,%< )0*8) 1'2$*$68)$7$,% 186 8-,8% 2,8- 6'()$* 8$-60-7 866-08*#,% =$7# #,$;#7 -,%7-$*7$02c02$2;> "#,-, 18G (, -,%7-$*7$02% 02 7#, %$7$2; 0: 60=,- 6)827b-,)87,9 )829:$))% 2,8- 8$-60-7%< 8% =,))>

C,2,-8))G< 7#, (,%7 =8G 70 8.0$9 0- -,9'*, 607,27$8) %8:,7G #8c8-9% :0- 8$-*-8:7 =0')9 (, 70 )0*87, 7#,60=,- 6)827 :8*$)$7$,% 8 ;-,87,- 9$%782*, :-01 ,5$%7$2; 6'()$* 8$-60-7% 0- 6-$.87, 8$-%7-$6% 0- $2 8)0*87$02 0::%,7 :-01 -'2=8G 866-08*# 687#%> ?: %7-'*7'-,% 1'%7 (, )0*87,9 *)0%,-< ,::0-7% 1$;#7 (,189, 70 -,9'*, %7-'*7'-, #,$;#7%< 6'7 7-82%1$%%$02 )$2,% '29,-;-0'29< 0- 6)8*, )$;#7% 0- 07#,-877,27$02b;,77$2; 9,.$*,% 87 866-06-$87, #,$;#7% 02 7#, %7-'*7'-,%> "#, 6-,%,2*, 0: 8 60=,- 6)827

18G 6'7 2,= -,%7-$*7$02% 02 =#,-, 2,= -'2=8G% *82 (, )0*87,9 0- #0= 8$-60-7% *82 ,56829>

C+> #1: -,)

T0%%$)b:',),9 60=,- 6)827% 7#87 '%, %7,81 70 7'-2 7#, 7'-($2,% 1'%7 *029,2%, 7#, %7,81 8:7,-=8-9829 -,b*$-*')87, 7#, =87,- (8*] $270 7#, %G%7,1> ?2 E$%*02%$2< 7#, *00)$2; $% ;,2,-8))G 902, '%$2; =87,- 78],2 :-01 8 )0*8) %'-:8*, =87,- (09G 0- %7-,81> "#, *00)$2; =87,- 7#,2 8(%0-(% 7#, #,87 829$% ,$7#,- %,27 -$;#7 (8*] 70 7#, =87,- (09G 0- %7-,81 $2 8 6-0*,%% *8)),9 `02*, 7#-0';# *00)$2;a

MV



3=#$*# 899% #,87 70 7#, )8], 0- %7-,814 0- $% *00),9 (G ,560%'-, 70 7#, 8$- 0- 899$7$028) *0)9 =87,- $2`*00)$2; 70=,-%>a

/00)$2; 70=,-% %,29 =8-1 10$%7 8$- $270 7#, 8710%6#,-,< 0:7,2 87 7#, -87, 0: #'29-,9% 0: 7#0'%829%0: ;8))02% 6,- #0'-> ?: 7#, %'--0'29$2; 8$- $% *00),- 7#82 7#, ,1$77,9 8$- :-01 7#, *00)$2; 70=,-%< 8 .860- 6)'1, 866,8-%> U,6,29$2; 02 $7% #,$;#7< 7#, 6)'1, *82 8::,*7 .$%$($)$7G )0*8))G 829 0:7,2 *82(, %,,2 :-01 1$),% 8=8G> &)'1,% 8-, 0:7,2 *02%$9,-,9 82 8,%7#,7$* 2'$%82*, $: 7#,G 0**'- :-,@',27)G

0- :0- ,57,29,9 6,-$09% 829 8-, 0(%,-.,9 (G 8 )8-;, 2'1(,- 0: 6,06), =#0 90 207 =827 70 7#,1 70$27,-:,-, =$7# .$,=% :-01 7#,$- #01,%< *011,-*$8) ,%78()$%#1,27%< 0- =0-]6)8*,%>

P29,- %6,*$:$* 1,7,0-0)0;$*8) *029$7$02%< 8 *00)$2; 70=,- 6)'1, *82 ,57,29 (,)0= 7#, #,$;#7 0: 7#,*00)$2; 70=,-% 0- 8*7'8))G 70'*# 7#, ;-0'29 2,8- 7#, 60=,- 6)827> E#,2 7#$% #866,2%< ;-0'29 :0;*82 0**'-> ?2 8;-$*')7'-8) :$,)9%< 7#, :0; *82 8)7,- 7#, ;-0=$2; *029$7$02% :0- 7#, *-06% (G *00)$2;7#, 8$- 90=2 0.,- 7#, *-06)829 0- 9,60%$7$2; *8)*$'1 %8)7%> ?: 7#, 7,16,-87'-, $% *0)9 ,20';#< 7#,;-0'29 :0; *82 6-09'*, -$1, $*, 02 ;-0'29 %'-:8*,%< %7-'*7'-,% 829 7-,,%> SG1, $*, *82 (,877-8*7$., 70 .$,=< ('7 :0; 829 $*$2; 02 -089% *82 6-09'*, 7-8::$* #8c8-9%>

"+2*)

W0$%, :-01 8 60=,- 6)827 $% 0: 68-7$*')8- *02*,-2 70 2,8-(G -,%$9,27%< 1,9$*8) :8*$)$7$,%< %*#00)%<

98G*8-,%< 0- '%,-% 0: 2,8-(G 68-]% 0- 07#,- -,*-,87$028) 6)8*,%> W0$%, 0: 9$::,-,27 :-,@',2*$,% *82#8., 9$::,-,27 ,::,*7%> K0=,- :-,@',2*$,% 8-, 0:7,2 :,)7 8% .$(-87$02< 0- #8., 7#, ,::,*7% 0: .$(-87$0202 %7-'*7'-,%> O,8.G .$(-87$02 *82 (, 8220G$2; 70 2,8-(G -,%$9,27% 0- *8'%, 9818;, 70 %7-'*7'-,%>

Z8\0- 60=,- 6)827 06,-87$02 20$%, %0'-*,% :0- 8 *08)b 0- ($018%%b:$-,9 60=,- 6)827< :0- $2%782*,<*0')9 $2*)'9, %7,81 ;,2,-870-%< %7,81 7'-($2, ;,2,-870-%< :',) #829)$2; ,@'$61,27< 8$- *016-,%%0-%<8$- %,68-870-%< *00)$2; 70=,-%< 829 -00:706 .,27$)87$02 :82%> T82% $2 7#, 6)827 =$7#0'7 %6,,9 *027-0)%*82 6-09'*, `7028)a 20$%,< %0'29% *,27,-,9 02 8 28--0= :-,@',2*G (829> "028) 20$%, #8% (,,2%#0=2 70 8::,*7 6,06), 10-, 7#82 07#,- 20$%,%< ,%6,*$8))G 87 )0=,- 0.,-8)) 20$%, ),.,)%< 829 18G-,@'$-, %6,*$8) %$),2*,- 1,*#82$%1%> U,)$.,-G 7-8$2% *82 (, 68-7$*')8-)G 20$%G< =$7# *8-% '2*0'6)$2;829 *0'6)$2;< '2)089$2; :',)< 829 9,68-7$2;> "-'*]% #8')$2; :',) $2 0- 8%# 0'7 =0')9 899 70 7#,0.,-8)) 20$%, ),.,)%> W87'-8) ;8%b:$-,9 *01($2,9 *G*), 6)827% ;,2,-87, 20$%, :-01 7#, 7'-($2,%< 7#,8$- $278],%< 829 7#, *00)$2; 70=,-%> /01('%7$02 7'-($2, 6)827% ;,2,-87, 20$%, :-01 7'-($2,06,-87$02 829 8$- #829)$2; :8*$)$7$,%> W87'-8) ;8%b:$-,9 6)827% 8)%0 '%, 9$,%,) :',) 8% 8 (8*]'6 :',)<829 7#, 7-'*]% 7#87 9,)$.,- $7 =0')9 899 70 7#, )0*8) 20$%, ),.,)%>

"0 9$%*0.,- 7#, 20$%, $168*7 0: 8 60=,- 6)827< ,5$%7$2; 20$%, ),.,)% 381($,27 %0'294 8-, 1,8%'-,9 $29$::,-,27 )0*87$02% 02%$7, 829 2,8- 7#, %$7, ,$7#,- (,:0-, 8 60=,- 6)827 $% ('$)7 0- =#,2 $7 $% 20706,-87$2;> "#$% %,7% (,2*#18-]% :0- $168*7 1,8%'-,1,27%> Z,8%'-,1,27% 8-, 7#,2 78],2 87 7#,%81, )0*87$02% =$7# 7#, 60=,- 6)827 06,-87$2;> "#, 9$::,-,2*, $2 %0'29 ),.,)% $% 877-$('78(), 70 7#,6)827>

U'-$2; *02%7-'*7$02 0: 7#, 6)827< 7#,-, =0')9 (, 20$%, :-01 *02%7-'*7$02 ,@'$61,27> "#, ),.,)% =0')9 -82;, :-01 8(0'7 HN 9,*$(,)% 39e4 :0- 8 68.$2; (-,8],- 70 8(0'7 IB 9e :-01 )8-;, 7-'*]% 70

8(0'7 MQB 9e :0- 8$- 829 %7,81 )$2, ()0=b0::%> "#, 9$%782*, :-01 7#, %0'-*, 70 7#, (0'298-G 0: 7#,60=,- 6)827 6-06,-7G *82 9$%%$687, %01, 0: 7#$% 20$%,> "#,-, 8-, 8 :,= =8G% 70 -,9'*, *02%7-'*7$0220$%,> U$,%,) ,2;$2, 1'::),-% %#0')9 (, ],67 $2 ;009 =0-]$2; 0-9,-> O,8.G *02%7-'*7$02 8*7$.$7$,%*0')9 (, )$1$7,9 70 :$., 98G% 8 =,,] 3=0-]98G%4 (,7=,,2 H_NN 8>1> 829 B_RN 6>1> W$;#7 *02%7-'*7$02 =0-] *0')9 (, )$1$7,9 70 -,)87$.,)G @'$,7 8*7$.$7$,%< %'*# 8% $27,-$0- =0-]>

X:7,2< )0*8) 1'2$*$68)$7$,% #8., 0-9$282*,% 7#87 -,;')87, )0'9 829 0(\,*7$028(), 20$%,> W0$%,% *82 (,()0*],9 0- 1'::),9 (G $27,-.,2$2; )829%*86, :,87'-,% )$], 7-,,%> W0$%, =$)) 9,*-,8%, =$7# 9$%782*,

MB



:-01 7#, %0'-*,> ?: 7#,-, 8-, 20 0(%7-'*7$02%< 7#, 20$%, :-01 8 %0'-*, 9,*-,8%,% (G 8(0'7 D 9e :0-,.,-G 90'()$2; 0: 7#, 9$%782*,>

C%>2$2E) D%*$

T';$7$., 9'%7 $% 9'%7 ()0=$2; :-01 82 $29'%7-$8) %$7,< *02%7-'*7$02 %$7,< 0- :8-1 :$,)9%> "#, 9'%7(,*01,% 8 2'$%82*, $2 2,8-(G 2,$;#(0-#009%< 8 :8*, 829 )'2; $--$7827< 0- 8 .$%'8) 0(%78*), $2 2,8-(G

%7-,,7%>U'-$2; *02%7-'*7$02 0: 8 60=,- 6)827< :';$7$., 9'%7 *01,% :-01 ()0=$2; ,560%,9 %0$) 0- 07#,-68-7$*),%> T';$7$., 9'%7 (,*01,% 82 $%%', 8% 7#, )829 $% *),8-,9 829 ;-89,9< 829 8% 9,)$.,-G 7-'*]%829 07#,- .,#$*),% 829 ,@'$61,27 7-8.,) 02 9$-7 0- ;-8.,) -089=8G% $2 7#, *02%7-'*7$02 8-,8> "#,9'%7 1'%7 (, %'66-,%%,9< 829 7#$% $% '%'8))G 902, (G %6-8G$2; '268.,9 -089% =$7# =87,- 829%78($)$c$2; ,560%,9 %0$) 8-,8%>

/08)b:$-,9 6)827% *82 *-,87, 8 ;-,87 9,8) 0: :';$7$., 9'%7> /08) 9'%7 *82 (, ()0=2 0270 2,8-(G6-06,-7$,% :-01 *08) %70-8;, 6$),%< *08) #829)$2; :8*$)$7$,%< 0- ,167G *08) 7-8$2 *8-% 8% 7#,G ),8., 7#,6)827> "#,-, $% 8)%0 8 607,27$8) :0- *08) 8%# 70 ()0= :-01 7-'*]% 78]$2; 7#, 8%# 0:: 7#, 6-06,-7G>Z82G 6,06), )$.$2; 2,8- 60=,- 6)827 %$7,% #8., (,,2 *02*,-2,9 8(0'7 7#, 607,27$8) :0- 9'%7 ()0=$2;$270 7#,$- G8-9% 829 18]$2; #0'%,%< *8-%< *)07#,% #'2; 0'7%$9,< 829 )8=2 :'-2$7'-, 9$-7G> U'%7

=,77,9 (G -8$2 *82 -,),8%, *0--0%$., 8*$9%> /8- =$29%#$,)9% *82 -,@'$-, *),82$2; ,8*# 98G (,:0-,*011'7,-% ),8., 7#,$- #01,%> e-,87#$2; :';$7$., 9'%7 $% 8)%0 8 #,8)7# *02*,-2>

"#,-, 8-, 07#,- 7,*#2$@',% 7#87 *82 (, '%,9 70 -,9'*, :';$7$., 9'%7 87 60=,- 6)827%> /0168*7$02 0::',) 6$),% (G ('))90c,-% 829 866)$*87$02 0: 8 *#,1$*8) %'-:8*7827 8-, 0:7,2 '%,9 70 :0-1 8 #8-9 *-'%702 7#, %'-:8*, 7#87 $% -,%$%7827 70 =$29> /08) 0- ($018%% :',) *0')9 (, %70-,9 $2%$9, 8 ('$)9$2;> "#,:',) #829)$2; %G%7,1 *0')9 8)%0 (, ,2*)0%,9 829 *0')9 $2*)'9, `(8;#0'%,a :$)7,-% 70 *867'-, 9'%7>&)8*,1,27 0: 8)) 0: 7#,%, :8*$)$7$,% $2 )0*87$02% 02 7#, 60=,- 6)827 6-06,-7G :8-7#,- :-01 2,8-(G2,$;#(0-#009% =0')9 $2*-,8%, 7#, 9$%782*, 9'%7 #89 70 7-8.,) 829 9,*-,8%, 7#, *#82*,% 0: $7 ()0=$2;$270 7#0%, 2,$;#(0-#009%> A%# #8'),9 $2 7-'*]% =0')9 2,,9 70 (, *0.,-,9 0- 7-,87,9 70 18], $710-, %0)$9 829 ),%% 8(), 70 (, )$:7,9 (G 7#, =$29 8% 7#, 7-'*] 10.,%> T)G 8%#< 7#, )$;#7,-b=,$;#7 8%#*867'-,9 02 $7% =8G 70 7#, ,5#8'%7 %78*]< *0')9 ),8., 7#, 6-06,-7G $2 782],- 7-'*]%>

"#, UWS -,;')87,% :';$7$., 9'%7 '29,- $7% 8$- 6,-1$77$2; -'),%> "#, UWS 8)%0 $2.,%7$;87,%*016)8$27% 8(0'7 :';$7$., 9'%7 829 $% =$))$2; 70 828)Gc, %816),% 0: %'%6,*7,9 *08) 9'%7 9818;,>

F:+&* #1: ;2>B$

X90-% 7#87 *01, :-01 8 60=,- 6)827 *82 (, 8 *02*,-2 70 2,8-(G -,%$9,27%> "#,-, $% '%'8))G 8 6'()$*$27,-,%7 $2 '29,-%7829$2; 7#, *8'%, 829 %7-,2;7# 0: 82G 090-% 829 ]20=$2; 7#, 9$%782*, 7#,%, 090-%18G 7-8.,) (,G029 7#, 6)827 %$7, (0'298-G>

+7-8G )$;#7 87 2$;#7 :-01 60=,- 6)827 ('$)9$2; )$;#7$2;< *08) 6$), )$;#7$2;< %78*] 8$-*-8:7 =8-2$2; )$;#7%<829 07#,- %$7, )$;#7$2; $% .,-G 0:7,2 8 *02*,-2< 68-7$*')8-)G :0- 60=,- 6)827% 6-060%,9 70 (, )0*87,90'7%$9, '-(82 8-,8%> A 60=,- 6)827[% )$;#7$2; 9,%$;2 *82 ,2%'-, 7#87 7#,-, =$)) (, )$77), 0- 20$))'1$287$02 %6$))$2; 0270 89\8*,27 6-06,-7$,%> "#$% *82 (, 902, 7#-0';# 7#, '%, 0: )0=b,1$%%$02)$;#7 :$57'-,%< 6)8*,1,27 0: )$;#7% 02)G =#,-, 2,,9,9 :0- %8:,7G 829 %,*'-$7G< 829 %#$,)9$2; 7#,:$57'-,% %0 7#87 7#,G 8$1 7#, )$;#7 02)G 87 *,-78$2 8-,8%>

U'-$2; *02%7-'*7$02< )$;#7% 1$;#7 (, 2,,9,9 :0- )02; =$27,- =0-]98G% 0- :0- %,*029 %#$:7 =0-]>K$;#7 1$;#7 (, 2,,9,9 :0- ,@'$61,27 )8G90=2 8-,8%< 68-]$2;< *02%7-'*7$02 -089=8G%< 829 =0-]8-,8% '%,9 87 2$;#7> T)009)$;#7% 1$;#7 (, '%,9< ('7 7#,G %#0')9 (, %#$,)9,9 829 9$-,*7,9 87 7#, 8-,8%7#87 2,,9 )$;#7 829 207 8))0=,9 70 %6$)) 0::b%$7, 0- %#$2, $270 7#, %]G>

MD



5)*$B)$2,*

A,%7#,7$* $168*7% 8-, '%'8))G .$,=,9 $2 7=0 (8%$* =8G%> X2, =8G $% 70 828)Gc, 7#, 8*7'8) $168*7% 0:8 60=,- 6)827 02 7#, )0*8) `.$,=%*86,a> O0= =$)) 7#, 2,= 6)827 :$7 $270 7#, )0*8) %*,2,f E$)) $7 )00] .,-G 9$::,-,27 0- 6-,77G 1'*# 7#, %81,f O0= 1$;#7 $7 ()0*] 0- $27,-:,-, =$7# .$,=% 7#87 6,06), .8)', $2 7#, 8-,8f E#87 .$%'8) $168*7% =$)) $7 *-,87,f "#,%, $168*7% *82 (, 8 -,%')7 0: 7#, %$c, 0-#,$;#7 0: 7#, :8*$)$7G ('$)9$2;% 829 %78*]% 0- 7#, .$,= 0: 7#, 6)'1, :-01 7#, ,5#8'%7 %78*] 0- *00)$2;

70=,-%< =#$*# *82 8)%0 *-,87, :0; $2 6)8*,%> "#, 07#,- =8G 70 )00] 87 8,%7#,7$*% $% 7#, 6,-*,67$02 0- $16-,%%$02 8 60=,- 6)827 *-,87,% $2 7#,1$29% 0: $29$.$9'8)%> "#$% $16-,%%$02 *82 (, 8::,*7,9 (G 6)827 866,8-82*,< %0'29%< 829 %1,))%< 8% =,)) 8% (G 7#, 6)827[% ,::,*7 02 )0*8) 7-8::$* 6877,-2% 829 7-8::$* *02;,%7$02< 02 7#, 2$;#7 %]G< 829 027#, 2,$;#(0-#009 829 (,#8.$0- 0: 7#, -,%$9,27%> "#, 8,%7#,7$*% 0: 8 60=,- 6)827 *82 8)%0 (,8::,*7,9 (G =#87 )0*8) 6,06), :,,) 7#, 60=,- 6)827 -,6-,%,27%_ 82 $160-7827 829 2,,9,9 %'66)G 0:,),*7-$*8) 60=,-< 8 %0'-*, 0: #8c8-90'% 8$- 60))'7$02 ,1$%%$02%< 8 982;,-0'% 6)8*, 0: -8$) *8-% 82907#,- #,8.G ,@'$61,27< 8 %0'29 ('%$2,%% 7#87 68G% $7% %#8-, 0: %787, 829 :,9,-8) 785,% 829*027-$('7,% 70 7#, )0*8) *011'2$7G< 8 %G1(0) 0: -'28=8G -816827 *0-60-87, *027-0)< 0- 8 %G1(0) 0:-,)$8(), 829 ,::,*7$., %787, -,;')87$02>

/02%7-'*7$02< =#$), 8 10-, 7,160-8-G 8,%7#,7$* $168*7< 1$;#7 #8-9)G (, 207$*,9 (G %01, 6,06), ('71$;#7 866,8- *#807$* 70 07#,-%> "#,-, $% #,8.G ,@'$61,27< 20$%,< ,2;$2, %0'29< 829 '2:81$)$8-)$;#7$2; 6877,-2%> "#, *#807$* 866,8-82*, $% -,9'*,9 8% 7#, 6)827 $% (,$2; :$2$%#,9 829 7#, %$7,*),82,9 '6 (,:0-, 6)827 06,-87$02 (,;$2%>

;+,#' G,+1+.2, -./#,$*

A 2,= 60=,- 6)827 *82 6-0.$9, 2,= \0(% 829 ('%$2,%% $2 7#, 8-,8 829 (-$2; ,*0201$* (,2,:$7 70 7#,*011'2$7G< 68-7$*')8-)G 9'-$2; *02%7-'*7$02> "#, $2*-,8%, $2 7,160-8-G 829 6,-182,27 \0(% =0')9-,%')7 $2 10-, 102,G %6,27 )0*8))G> "#, 60=,- 6)827 9,.,)06,- 18G 18], 2'1,-0'% 6'-*#8%,% $27#, 8-,8 :0- 187,-$8)% 0- %,-.$*,%> W,= #01,% :0- 6,-182,27 60=,- 6)827 =0-],-% 18G (, ('$)7> "#,2,= $2*01, 70 )0*8) ('%$2,%%,% =0')9 ),89 70 10-, 102,G *$-*')87$2; $2 7#, *011'2$7G>

"#, %,))$2; 0: 60=,- 6)827 (Gb6-09'*7% *0')9 6-0.$9, 899$7$028) ,*0201$* (,2,:$7> /08)*01('%7$02 (Gb6-09'*7% %'*# 8% 8%# 829 %'):'- *0160'29%< $: 6-06,-)G *867'-,9< *0')9 (,%78298-9$c,9 829 %0)9 70 6-0.$9, )0*8) 68.$2; 187,-$8)%< =8))(08-9 $2;-,9$,27%< 0- :,-7$)$c,-> A`*0;,2,-87$02a 60=,- 6)827 *82 '7$)$c, 7#, %7,81 $7 6-09'*,% 207 02)G 70 7'-2 7#, 7'-($2,% ('7 8)%070 %,)) 70 8 2,8-(G ('%$2,%% 7#87 =0')9 '%, 7#, %7,81 :0- #,87$2; 0- $29'%7-$8) 6-0*,%%,% )$], 686,-18]$2; 0- .,;,78(), 68*]$2;> ?: 8 2,= 60=,- 6)827 *82 %,-., 8% 8 2,= 0- $16-0.,9 %7,81 %'66)G :0-8 )0*8) $29'%7-G< $7 *0')9 8))0= 7#87 $29'%7-G 70 (,*01, 10-, ,2,-;G ,::$*$,27 829 -,9'*, $7% 8$-60))'7827 ,1$%%$02%> ?: 7#87 $29'%7-G (,*01,% 10-, 6-0:$78(), 8% 8 -,%')7< %01, $29$-,*7 :$282*$8)(,2,:$7% 70 7#, )0*8) *011'2$7G *0')9 0**'->

0+..%12$3 <)&E2,)*

K0*8) *011'2$7$,% 1$;#7 2,,9 70 6-0.$9, %,-.$*,% 70 8 6-060%,9 60=,- 6)827< 829 7#$% *0')9$2*-,8%, )0*8) ;0.,-21,27 *0%7%> /011'2$7G %,-.$*,% 1$;#7 $2*)'9, =87,- %'66)$,%< =87,- 7-,871,27<:$-, 6-07,*7$02< %,*'-$7G 829 60)$*$2;< ,1,-;,2*G 1,9$*8) -,%602%,< 0- %20= 6)0=$2;> ?29$-,*7 *0%7%70 8 *011'2$7G 1$;#7 $2*)'9, *0%7% :0- -089 '6;-89,% 0- 2,= -089%< 2,= %,=,- 0- =87,- ,57,2%$02%<$2*-,8%,9 -,:'%, *0)),*7$02< 10-, %*#00)b8;, *#$)9-,2 70 %,-.,< 0- 10-, '%, 0: )0*8) )$(-8-$,% 0- 07#,-%,-.$*,%>

MH



()E)1%) <B#&21>

Z'2$*$68)$7$,% 829 *0'27$,% =$7# 60=,- 6)827% -,*,$., 68G1,27% '29,- 8 %#8-,9 -,.,2', %G%7,1>W,=)G 8::,*7,9 *$7$,%< .$))8;,%< 70=2% 829 *0'27$,% -,*,$., 82 822'8) 68G1,27 (8%,9 02 7#, 6)827[%60=,- 6-09'*7$02 *868*$7G> "#,%, 822'8) 68G1,27% (,;$2 7#, G,8- 8:7,- 7#, 6)827 (,*01,%06,-87$028) 829 8-, 1,827 70 0::%,7 607,27$8) 899$7$028) *0%7% 70 7#, 1'2$*$68)$7G 0- *0'27G :0-#0%7$2; 8 60=,- 6)827>

<+'2: 8#*$) H#1#>).)1$

"#, 810'27 829 7G6, 0: =8%7,% :-01 8 60=,- 6)827 9,6,29 02 7#, 7G6, 0: 60=,- 6)827 829 7#, :',)'%,9> E8%7,% :-01 60=,- 6)827% $2*)'9, %)'9;,< 8%# 829 0::$*, =8%7,%>

X::$*, =8%7,% =0')9 *01, :-01 82G ]$29 0: 6)827> "#,G *82 0:7,2 (, -,*G*),9 )0*8))G>

E8%7,% :-01 07#,- $29'%7-$8) 6-0*,%%,%< )$], =87,- 6'-$:$*87$02< 8-, 0:7,2 7-'*],9 0:: 7#, 6-06,-7G 8%%)'9;, (G *027-8*70-%> E87,- 6'-$:$*87$02 829 07#,- =87,- 7-,871,27% =0')9 (, 2,*,%%8-G :0- 82G6)827 7#87 6-09'*,% %7,81 70 7'-2 7'-($2,%>

"#,-, 1$;#7 (, *,-78$2< %$7,b%6,*$:$* 0660-7'2$7$,% :0- 7#, 60=,- 6)827 9,.,)06,- 70 -,9'*, 7#, .0)'1, 829 *02*,27-87$02 0: )$@'$9 0- %0)$9 =8%7,% 6-09'*,9< 0- 70 -,*G*), 0- -,'%, 7#0%, =8%7,%>&07,27$8) '%,-% 0: 7#, =8%7,% *0')9 $2*)'9, )0*8) $29'%7-$,% 0- $29'%7-$,% 7#87 8-, =$))$2; 70 )0*87,2,8-(G (,*8'%, 0: 7#, 6-0:$78($)$7G 0: 7#, .0)'1, 0: -8= 187,-$8)% 7#87 7#, 60=,- 6)827 =0')9 *-,87,> A2 ,5816), 1$;#7 (, 8 =8))(08-9 182':8*7'-,- 7#87 =0')9 '%, ;G6%'1< 8 (Gb6-09'*7 0: %'):'-,1$%%$02% *027-0) 87 *08)b:$-,9 60=,- 6)827%>

A *08)b:$-,9 6)827 2,,9% 8 )829:$)) %$7, 70 1,,7 7#, 8%# 9$%60%8) -,@'$-,1,27% 0: 7#, UWS> +01,6)827% 18G #8., )829:$))% 02b%$7, =#$), 07#,-% =0')9 2,,9 82 0::b%$7, )829:$))> "#,-, *0')9 (,899$7$028) $168*7% -,)87,9 70 %$7$2; 7#, )829:$)) $2*)'9$2; )829 '%, -,%7-$*7$02% 829 $168*7%<%70-1=87,- 9$%*#8-;,%< ),8*#87, *027-0)< 6-07,*7$02 0: ;-0'29=87,- 829 %'-:8*, =87,-> ?: 7#, )829:$))$% 6-060%,9 70 (, )0*87,9 02 7#, 60=,- 6)827 6-06,-7G< 899$7$028) %70-1=87,- *027-0)% =0')9 (,2,*,%%8-G 70 8.0$9 *02781$287$2; ;-0'29 0- %'-:8*, =87,- (09$,%> ?: 7#, )829:$)) %$7, $% 6-060%,9 70(, )0*87,9 :8- :-01 7#, 6)827< 7-'*]$2; -0'7,% 829 9'%7 *027-0) 1,7#09% 1$;#7 2,,9 70 (, 89867,9 708.0$9 $168*7% 9'-$2; #8')$2;> "-8::$* %8:,7G $168*7% 8-, 8)%0 9$%*'%%,9 (,)0=>

I&#??2, <#?)$3

/02%7-'*7$02 0: 8 60=,- 6)827 *82 $2*-,8%, 7#, 810'27 0: 7-'*] 9,)$.,-$,% 829 =0-],-% *011'7$2;$2 7#, 8-,8> "#, $2*-,8%, $2 7-8::$* *0')9 -,%')7 $2 $2*-,8%,9 *02;,%7$02 829 2'1(,- 0: 7-8::$*8**$9,27%>

+01,7$1,%< 7#, 9,)$.,-$,% 0: .,-G )8-;,< #,8.G *01602,27% 02 %6,*$8)< 1')7$b85), %,1$b7-8$),- 7-'*]%-,@'$-, %6,*$8) 7,160-8-G 7-8::$* *027-0)% 0- -089 109$:$*87$02%> +'*# -$;% 8-, 2,,9,9 :0- )8-;, =$297'-($2,% 829 ()89,% 8% =,)) 8% :0- )8-;,- *01602,27% 0: *08)b< ($018%%b< 0- 287'-8) ;8%b:$-,9 6)827%>+01, *01602,27% 1$;#7 (, 9,)$.,-,9 (G -8$)> A'7010($), 7-8::$* 2,8- 8::,*7,9 -8$) *-0%%$2;% *82

8)%0 ,56,-$,2*, %01, 9,)8G% 0- -0'7$2; *02*,-2%>

A:7,- 7#, 6)827 $% *02%7-'*7,9 829 06,-87$2;< 7-8::$* ('-9,2% =0')9 )$],)G (, ),%%,2,9> "#,-, *0')9%7$)) (, $%%',% -,)87,9 70 -,;')8- 829 :-,@',27 :',) 829 %'66)G 9,)$.,-$,% (G 7-8$2 0- 7-'*]%< 0- :-017-'*]% #8')$2; 8%# 829 07#,- =8%7,% 0::b%$7,> E#,2 *08) $% 9,)$.,-,9 (G 7-8$2< $7 $% '2)089,9 *8- (G*8-< 829 *08) *8-% 1$;#7 #8., 70 (, 9$%,2;8;,9 829 7#,2 -,8%%,1(),9> ?: 7#$% 8*7$.$7G *82207 8)) 78],6)8*, 02 7#, 60=,- 6)827 %$7,< 7#,-, *0')9 (, ,::,*7% 02 )0*8) 7-8::$* 9', 70 -8$) *-0%%$2; ()0*]8;,%9'-$2; *08) 9,)$.,-G>

MI



A% 9$%*'%%,9 8(0., $2 7#, %,*7$02 02 :0; 829 $*$2;< 8 =87,- 70=,- 6)'1, 7#87 70'*#,% ;-0'29 $2*00),- =,87#,- *0')9 *-,87, :0; 829 .$%$($)$7G #8c8-9% :0- 9-$.,-%> ?: 7#87 6)'1, :-,,c,% 02 7#, -089'602 *0278*7< 7-8::$* #8c8-9% =0')9 -,%')7 :-01 %)$66,-G *029$7$02%>

G'),$&2, I&#1*.2**2+1 +& D2*$&27%$2+1 0B#1>)*

/#82;,% $2 7#, )0*8) ,),*7-$* 9$%7-$('7$02 %G%7,1 1$;#7 (, 2,*,%%8-G< ),89$2; 70 899$7$028)

$2*02.,2$,2*,% 0- *0%7% 70 )0*8) 9$%7-$('7$02 '7$)$7$,%> P%'8))G< 7#, 9$%7-$('7$02 '7$)$7G 829 7#,7-82%1$%%$02 '7$)$7G< $: 7#,G 8-, 207 7#, %81, *01682G< =0-] 0'7 82 ,@'$78(), *0%7b%#8-$2;8--82;,1,27 :0- 9$%7-$('7$02 *#82;,%>

K829%*86,b%*8), 60=,- 6)827% %'*# 8% =$29 :8-1% 8-, *02%7-'*7,9 0: .,-G )8-;, *01602,27% '%$2; .,-G )8-;, *-82,%> "#,-, 18G (, 7,160-8-G )0*8) ,),*7-$* 9$%7-$('7$02 0'78;,% 0- -,-0'7$2; 0: )0*8)60=,- =#$), 9$%7-$('7$02 )$2,% 8-, 78],2 90=2 70 8))0= 8 )8-;, *-82, 10., 8102; 7'-($2, %$7,%> "#,-, 1$;#7 8)%0 (, %$7'87$02% =#,-, )0*8) 9$%7-$('7$02 )$2,% #8., 70 (, 78],2 90=2 70 8))0=9,)$.,-$,% 0: )8-;, *01602,27% 70 8 :0%%$) :',) 60=,- 6)827 %$7,>

Utility Ratepayer Impacts

G'),$&2, <%//'3 ()'2#72'2$3

A 2,= 60=,- 6)827 =$)) 8)%0 -,@'$-, 109$:$*87$02% 70 ,5$%7$2; 7-82%1$%%$02 :8*$)$7$,% 0- 2,=7-82%1$%%$02 )$2, 0- %'(%787$02 *02%7-'*7$02 70 *022,*7 7#, 6)827 70 7#, ,5$%7$2; ,),*7-$*8)7-82%1$%%$02 %G%7,1> "#,%, 18G ),89 70 2,= )829b'%, -,%7-$*7$02% 02 %01, 6-06,-7$,% 829 -$;#7%b0:b =8G> X7#,- 7-82%1$%%$02 '6;-89,% 02 9$::,-,27 )$2,% 0- %'(%787$02% 18G (, 2,*,%%8-G 70 (8)82*, 7#,2,= 60=,- %0'-*, =$7# 7#, -,%7 0: 7#, 7-82%1$%%$02 %G%7,1> &07,27$8) ,2.$-021,278) 829 %0*$8)*02*,-2% 8(0'7 ,),*7-$* 7-82%1$%%$02 *02%7-'*7$02 8-, 9$%*'%%,9 $2 7#, &+/ (-0*#'-,< J !"#$%&"'(")*+-'.*/)0 &1 2%*"0'$00$&" 3$"(0 KL

(#$) -./#,$*

?: 8 6'()$* '7$)$7G ('$)9% 8 60=,- 6)827< 7#, *0%7 0: %$7$2; 829 *02%7-'*7$2; $7 =0')9 )$],)G (, $2*)'9,9$2 7#, ,),*7-$* -87,% *#8-;,9 70 *'%701,-%> "#, ,%7$187,9 *0%7 0: 7#, 6)827 $% ,.8)'87,9 70 9,7,-1$2,(07# 7#, $11,9$87, 829 7#, )02;b7,-1 ,::,*7% 02 *'%701,- -87,% 829 02 7#, 6)827[% 8($)$7G 70 (, *0%7b*016,7$7$., $2 7#, $29'%7-G> C,2,-8))G< 60=,- 6)827 %$7,% 7#87 *0%7 ),%% 70 ('$)9 0- 6-0.$9, 8 )0=,-9,)$.,-,9 *0%7 0: ,),*7-$*8) 60=,- 8-, 10-, 9,%$-8(),>

?: 8 202b'7$)$7G *01682G 6-060%,% 70 ('$)9 8 60=,- 6)827< 7#, /011$%%$02 18G 207 *02%$9,-8)7,-287$., %0'-*,% 0: %'66)G 0- ,2;$2,,-$2; 0- ,*0201$* :8*70-% -,)87,9 70 7#, *01682G> +'*#6)827% 8-, *8)),9 `1,-*#827a 6)827%> ?2 7#0%, *8%,%< 7#, 6-$*,% *#8-;,9 $2 60=,- 6'-*#8%,8;-,,1,27% *82 -,:),*7 7#, $2.,%71,27 7#, *01682G 189, 70 ('$)9 7#, 6)827> "#, *#8-;,% 68$9 (G7#, -,*,$.$2; 9$%7-$('7$02 '7$)$7G 8% 68-7 0: $7% 60=,- 6'-*#8%, 8;-,,1,27 =0')9 )$],)G (, 68%%,9 02 70

$7% *'%701,-%>

MJ



"#, &'()$* +,-.$*, /011$%%$02 0: E$%*02%$2 $% 82 $29,6,29,27 %787, 8;,2*G

7#87 0.,-%,,% 10-, 7#82 M<MNN E$%*02%$2 6'()$* '7$)$7$,% 7#87 6-0.$9,287'-8) ;8%< ,),*7-$*$7G< #,87< %7,81< =87,- 829 7,),*011'2$*87$02 %,-.$*,%>

@%7'2, <)&E2,) 0+..2**2+1 +? 82*,+1*21&>X> e05 HIBV

Z89$%02< E? BRHNHbHIBV

",),6#02,_ DNIbQDDbBVIM "0)) :-,,_ IIIbIMDbRIRM

/02%'1,- 8::8$-%_ DNIbQDDbQNNM ^ INNbQQBbHHQJ ""g_ DNIbQDHbMVHJ ^ INNbQBMbIRVB

T85_ DNIbQDDbRJBH

E,(%$7,_ #776_^^6%*>=$>;0.^

Y),*7-$*MB 3D^MB4

QN

environmental impact power plants

Documents