Environment issue on New NPP Program

in Indonesia

Jupiter Sitorus Pane

National Nuclear Energy Agency (BATAN)

Erik Teguh Primiantoro

Presented during Technical Meeting on

Environmental Issues in NewNuclear

Program 20-23 March 2012, IAEA, Austria

National Energy Policy

20

Natural Gas, 28.57%

Coal, 15.34%

Oil51.66%

Geothermal Power, 1.32%

Hydro Power, 3.11%

ENERGI MIX GOAL 2025ENERGI MIX GOAL 2025

OPTIMIZING

ENERGY

MANAGEMENT

National (Primary) Energy Mix

National (Primary) Energy Mix of 2025

(BaU Scenario)

PRESIDENTIAL REGULATION NO. 5 YEAR 2006PRESIDENTIAL REGULATION NO. 5 YEAR 2006

NATIONAL ENERGY POLICYNATIONAL ENERGY POLICY

Coal, 34.6%

Oil, 41.7%

Geothermal Power, 1.1%

Mini/micro Hydro Power, 0.1%

Power Plant, 1.9%

National Energy Mix 2025

(Presidential Regulation Scenario)

Coal, 33%

Natural Gas, 20.6%

Natural Gas,

30%

Geothermal Power, 5%

Biomass, Nuclear, Hydro

Solar Power, Wind Power,

5%

Oil, 20%

Biofuel, 5%

Coal Liquefaction, 2%

NRE,17%

1972 ESTABLISHMENT OF COMMISION FOR PREPARATION OF NPP CONSTR

START FEASIBILITY STUDY BY NIRA-BATAN

1979 OPERATION OF KARTINI RESEARCH REACTOR 100 kW

1987

GOVT DECISION FOR NPP DEV

OPERATION OF RSG RESEARCH REACTOR 30 MW

1991

1998 ESTABLISHMENT OF BATAN AND BAPETEN

OPERATION OF TRIGA MARK II RESEARCH REACTOR 2 MW, Advanced Si Core for RSG RR

1996

STARTING OF NPP FEASIBILITY STUDY (NEWJEC)

1997 Act No 10 Yr 1997 NUCLEAR ENERGY ACT

FINISHING OF NPP FEASIBILITY STUDY

ECONOMIC/POLITICAL CRISIS

1976

NUCLEAR ACCIDENT – CHERNOBYL 1986

2003 SUBMISSION OF ENERGY PLANNING STUDY RESULT “CADES” TO PRESIDEN OF R.I.

1988 OPERATION OF RAD. WASTE MNG. INSTALLATION

1989 OPERATION OF Power Reactor Experimental FE Installation

1990 OPERATIONS OF RMI, ESI, NMEI

1995 WHOLE INDONESIAN CORE FOR 30 MW RESEARCH REACTOR

START OF ENERGY PLANNING STUDY, FINISHED 2002, NPP FEASIBLE (CADES)

STATUS OF NULEAR POWER PROGRAM OF INDONESIA

2006

2000

2005 NATIONAL ELECTRICITY GENERAL PLANNING 2005-2025, NUCLEAR POWER INCLUDED

NATIONAL ENERGY POLICY 2005–2025, PRESIDENTIAL DECREE, JANUARY 2006 – NUCLEAR SHARE 2%

2007 Act No 17 Year 2007 on National Long-Term Development Planning – Introduction of NPP ( 2015-2019 ).

2009 INIR MISSION TO REVIEW INFRASTRUCTURE PHASE 1

2010 PRESIDENTIAL INSTRUCTION NO.1/2010: TO ACCELERATE NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT INCLUDING NUCLEAR

GOV REG NO. 5/2010 ON NATIONAL MEDIUM TERM DEV.THAT INCLUDE NPP PRE FEASIBILITY STUDY + Action Plan

2011 SIGNING FEASIBILITY STUDY ON SITE AND NON-SITE INTRODUCING BANGKA BELITUNG PROVINCE

1999 ISSUES TECHNICAL GUIDELINE ON EIA

Legal Aspect of Nuclear Program in Indonesia

*. * Presidential rule No. 5, 2006 on National Energy Policy (KEN):

„‟…nuclear will contribute for 2% of primary energy or 4% of electric energy (4000MW).‟‟

Act No. 17, 2007 on National Long Term Development Plan 2005 – 2025, Chapter IV, Medium Term Development Plan -3, 2015-2019:

”…the utilization of nuclear energy electrical generation shall consider safety factor tightly

*. Government regulation No. 43, year of 2006 on Nuclear Reactor licence article 5, paragraph 4

“ The development of commercial nuclear power as mentioned paragraph (3) called Nuclear power Plant would be decided by responsible Ministry on electrical power...”

* Presidential Rule No. 5 year of 2010 on National Midle Term Development Plant 2010-2014, Book II Chapter IV page 29:

The content include assigning BATAN to perform i.e.

“ First NPP Development preparation in Indonesia that cover Site Preparation, Environment and Feasibility Study...”

Indonesia Map

Feasibility Study on Introducing NPP in Bangka

Belitung

PROPOSAL FEASIBILITY STUDY ACTIVITIES

BY BATAN 2012-2014

Law No. 32/2009

Concerning

Environmental Protection

& Management [EPM]

Environmental Impact Assesment

SEA (KLHS)

Spatial Plan

EIA (Amdal)

Environmental

Permit

Env Manag/Moniroting

Environmental

Degradation Criteria

Environmental

Pollution Stanndar

Economic Interument

Envt. Audit

ERA

Green

Budgeting

Green Regulation

Other Instruments in the accordance with the

needs and/or development of

science

Preventing Instrumens of Environmental

Pollution and/or Degradation (Law 32/2009)

a

b

c

d

e

f

g

h

i

j

k

l

m

AMDAL is not a “multifunction tool” that can solve every environmental problem. The

Efficacy of AMDAL totally relies on the development of other environmental

instruments

Environment

GOVERNMENT REGULATION OF THE REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA

NUMBER 43 YEAR 2006 ON THE LICENSING OF NUCLEAR REACTORS

Implementation Frame Work of Environmental Assessment Systems in Nuclear Power

Development, Operation and Decommissioning

Policy, Plan &

Program (3P) The Planning Stage

The Construction,

Commissioning, & Ops. Stage Activities After

Operation

RPPLH

SEA

Spatial

Planning

The

Proposed

Project of

Nuclear

Power

Development

the

Constructiion,

Commissioning,

& Operation of

Nuclear Reactor

EIA

Environmental

Permit

Construction,

Operating,

Decommissio

ning Licenses

or Combined

Operation

License

ERA

Note: The Government has not

developed the regulation of

ERA

Decommissioning

Implementation

of the

Environmental

Permit &

Continuous

Improvement

Env‟t

Audit

ERA

Environmental

Inspection

ERA

Approval from

Bapeten

Spatial planing

after

Decommisioning

Legend:

= Environmental

Instruments

Environmental Law

Enforcment

Compliance to the

Environmental

Standards

Environmental

Carrying Capacity

ERA

3P for Nuclear

Power

Development

EMP Permits

Environmental

Monitoring

Report

Decommissioning

License Site License

Impacts (-)

Spatial Planning

(RTRW/RDTR)

Location

Input EIA

Yes

Can be mitigated

Licenses of Nuclear Reactor

No

rejected

Can’t be

Mitigated

postponed

The Nuclear Power

Development Plan

(The Proposed

Project)

The linkage of Spatial Palnning (RTRW/RDTR) To the

Nuclear Power Development Plan

NSPC & Application of Environmental Instruments

at the Planning Stage

SEA

SPATIAL PLANNING

Plan for

Construction

and Operation

of Nuclear

Reactor

Construction,

Commissioning

& Operation of

Nuclear

Reactor

EIA Environmental

Permit

The Construction,

Commissioning, &

Operation Licences or

the Combined

Opreation License

3P of the Nucler

Power

Development

The MoE

Regulation No.

09/2011:

Guideline for SEA

(KLHS);

• The MoE Regulation No. 11/2006: the types of businesses and/or

activities subject to EIA (Amdal)

• The MoE Regulation No. 8/2006: Guideline for Compiling EIA

(Amdal);

• The MoE Regulation No. 07/2010: Competence Certification for EIA

Compiler and the EIA Compiling Service Proviider (LPJP)

• The MoE Regulation No. 15/2010: the Requirments and Procedures

for the EIA Appraisal Commission license;

• The MOE Regulation No. 5/2008: The EIA Appraisal Commission

• The MoE Regulation No. 24/2009: EIA Review

• The Government Regulation Concerning Environmental Permit

EMP Permit

Based on BAPETEN’s Chairman Decree

No. 3-P/Ka. Bapeten/VI-1999 on

Technical Guidance for Preparing

Environmental Impact Assessment

for a plan to construct and operate

nuclear reactor.

Term of Reference

Environment Impact

Assessment

Environment Management

Programme

Environment Monitoring

Programme

EIA for a Plan to Construct and Operate Nuclear

Reactor

Experience in Preparing EIA (1)

Environment Impact Assessment on

Upgrading Research Reactor TRIGA

MARK II P3TKN from nominal power 1

MW to 2 MW in the year of 2000.

Term of References

Introduction

(back ground,

regulation

framework,

schedule,

purpose and the

use of EIA for each

stakeholder)

Scope of Study

Description of Project and Works,

commissioning (nuclear and non-

nuclear), operation, decommissioning

and accident management,

Environmental Baseline Information

(Physics-Chemical, Biology, Social

economy and culture, public health)

Affected Environment Component

Information by each part of works or

operation or during accident )

Study Area: Upgrading Limit, Ecology

Boundry, Administratif boundary, and

technical boundry.

Term of Reference

Methodology

Collecting and

Analyzing data

Estimating and

significant impact

Impact Evaluation

Study Implemention:

Team Member

Cost

Duration

EIA: Estimating Impact

Bapedal Regulation

No. 56 1994 on

Impact Estimation

Number of people

Area of Impact

Impact Duration

Impact Intensity

Number of environment component impacted

Reversible or irreversible

• Formal Method

• Non-Formal Method:

- Analogy

- Using Environment

Standard

- Expert judgement

EIA: Significant Impact

Significant

Impact

EIA: Impact Evaluation

EQAM (Environment Quality

Assessment and Management)

Investigate priority impact management

based on Environment Quality Scale,

Weight and Impact degree.

Environment Management Plan

Technology Approach

Socio-Economy Approach

Institutional Approach

BCR No. 01/Ka-Bapeten/V/99 on Radiation Work

Safety

BCR No. 02/Ka-Bapeten/V/99 on Environment

Radioactivity Standard

and four othes regulation

Environment Monitoring Plan

Purpose: to collect data and information

as early as possible to prevent and

mitigate impact on environment

components

Experience in Preparing EIA (2)

Environmental Impact Assessment on

Feasibility Study of Introducing NPP in

Bangka Belitung Province

Interest

Area 1

Interest

Area 2

Figure 6.2 Interest Areas in Bangka Island

Roadmap of NPP FS at Bangka Island

Site Monitoring (Continue) Seismicity, GPS Geodetic, meteorology, environment, oceanography, etc

SITE STUDY ASPECT

NPP SITE

ASPECT

SAFETY RELATED ASPECT

NON SAFETY-RELATED

ASPECT

Environment Impact of NPP

External event

1. Topography, Geography 2. Geology, geophysic dan geotechnic 3. seismic 4. Volcanology 5. Oseanography, geophysics offsore and

flooding 6. Hydrogeologiydan hidrology 7. Meteorlogy 8. Human induced event

9. Demography

10. Spatial Planning of land, use, water and

ocean

11. Background radioactivities, Dispersion

dan dose assessment

12. Emergency Preparedness

13. Spatial Planning and Infrastructure

14. Ecology

15. Social economy, historical properties

dan culture

16. Endanger spesces

17. Other consideration

Black Color : 1st and 2nd year

Green color : only first year

Red Color : second year

QUALITY ASSURANCE POGRAM

Environment Protection Process

1. Preliminary Impact assessment (Initial Environment Study) 2. Term of Reference (Scoping) 3. Environmental Impact Assessment 4. Environmental Management and Monitoring Plan (2)-(4) are based on BAPETEN issued BAPATEN’s Chairman Decree No. 3-P/Ka. Bapeten/VI-

1999 on Technical Guidance for Preparing Environmental Impact Assessment for a plan

to construct and operate nuclear reactor.

QUALITY ASSURANCE POGRAM

Black Color : 1st and 2nd year

Green color : only first year

Red Color : second year

First Year Activities: Seismology

Meteorologi & Dispersi Atmosfer

Survey Plan for background Radioactivity, dispersion, dose

assessment and nuclear emergency preparedness

Okt-Nov ’11

Maret- Juli ‘12

Pengumpulan Data Sekunder, pengambilan sampel: air,

udara, tanah, biota, pengukuran insitu (dose rate).

Lokasi near regional, site vicinity, site area

Analisis dispersi (hidrosfer dan atmosfer), kajian dosis,

Jadwal Rinci

Other First year activities

Spatial Planning of land Use, Water and Ocean

Endanger Species and Historic Properties Survey

Ecology Survey Plan

Regional study Analysis

Site Vicinity Analysis

Closing remark

The Environment Protection Activities is currently in a

stage of Preliminary EIA or Initial Environment Study .

Term of Reference will be finalized in this second year

activities.

The collected data during Site Activities can be used

as a baseline environmental information of EIA as well

as a basis for adverse and benefit impact analysis.

Thank You for your attention