Environment

By Quhao Huang

Who is Rachel Carson?Rachel Carson was

born and grew up on a farm in Pennsylvania and she dreamed of becoming a writer.

In 1962, Rachel Carson's book was published namely Silent Spring. She carefully researched over 4 years, the book documented the dangers of using DDT

What is DDT? (dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane)

DDT is a kind of chemical that use to kill insects, although remarkably effective in destroying certain living things that are harmful to plants and animals, it can also be extremely dangerous to humans and the environment.

DDT the first of the chlorinated organic insecticides, was originally prepared in 1873

In 1939 Paul Muller of Geigy Pharmaceutical in Switzerland discovered the effectiveness of DDT as an insecticide he was awarded the Nobel Prize in medicine and physiology in 1948 for this discovery

The World is in Our Hand

Before and After

Gordon Edwards & Lie of Rachel Carson

Gordon Edwards He is a well-known entomologist

(entomologist is someone who specializing in the study of butterflies and moths ) who documents some of the misstatements in Carson’s Silent Spring

In 1962, when Rachel Carson published her book Silent Spring, I was delighted. I belonged to several environmental-type organizations, had no feelings of respect for industry or big business, had one of my own books published by the Sierra Club, and I had written articles for The Indiana Waltonian, Audubon Magazine, and other environmental magazines.

A LiePage 17 . Carson says arsenic is a carcinogen and

mentions a great many horrible ways in which it is violently poisonous to vertebrates. She then says(page 18) :” Modern insecticides are still more deadly” and she makes a special mention of DDT as an example.

This implication that DDT is horribly deadly is completely false

Human Volunteers have ingested as much as 35 milligrams of it a day for nearly two years and suffered no adverse affect.

Millions of people have lived with DDT intimately during the mosquito spray programs and nobody even got sick as a result

In house spraying, the amount applied was 2 grams of DDT per square meter of wall, every 6 month

DDT’s contribution

The World Health Organization Director concluded,” The discontinuation of the use of DDT would be disaster to world health”

The national Academy of Sciences concluded in 1965 that” in a little more than two decades, DDT has prevent 500 million human deaths that would otherwise have been inevitable ”

Tiger Mosquito

Anopheles, the mosquito that carries malaria, which kills 2 to 3 million people a year (Pan American Health Organization/ World Health Organization)

ResultA leading British scientist pointed out that

“If the pressure groups had succeeded, if there had been a world ban on DDT, then Rachel Carson and Silent Spring would now be killing more people in a single year than Hitler killed in his whole holocaust.”

The Environment movement of America

Dated to the 1962 pollution of Silence Spring

Conquering the nature was the topic People feel more interesting to talk about before the movement Negative reactions

The effects of using DDT

Enhance the rate of outputtingIncrease the income of conglomerate on DDT

Directly Harms human’s health

Protect human from the Disease spread through bad insects

Developing resistance

Long-term earth and water pollution

Ways that may instead of the using of DDT

Alternative insecticidesBed netsThe ACT---a combination of drugs called

arterminsinin-based combination therapy